CN102500704B - Thermal bulging method for high-temperature alloy flashing welding ring piece - Google Patents
Thermal bulging method for high-temperature alloy flashing welding ring piece Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal bulging method for a high-temperature alloy flashing welding ring piece. The thermal bulging method comprises the following steps that: the high-temperature alloy flashing welding ring piece subjected to annealing treatment is heated and then sheathed on the periphery of a preheated bulging block in a bulging machine; the bulging machine is started to enable the bulging block to extrude the ring piece along the radial direction from the inner circumferential surface of the ring piece so as to complete the first bulging, wherein the bulging temperature is within 800 DEG C-950 DEG C, the bulging time is within 22s-28s, the pressure-holding time is within 10s-12s, and the deformation is within 0.6%-0.8%; the ring piece rotates by 45 degrees along the central axis to complete the first rotating; the second bulging is carried out according to the operation above, wherein the bulging temperature is within 770 DEG C-920 DEG C, the bulging time is within 25s-30s, the pressure-holding time is within 20s-22s, and the deformation is within 0.7%-0.9%; the second rotating is completed by rotating the ring piece again towards the direction the same as that of the first rotating; and the third bulging is carried out according to the operation process above, wherein the bulging temperature is within 740-890 DEG C, the bulging time is within 30s-40s, the temperature-holding time is within 26s-28s, and the deformation is within 0.8%-1%. The dimensional precision of the bulged ring piece can reach 0.1%-0.2% of the corresponding dimension, and the thermal bulging method is mainly applied to the field of space navigation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of expanding method of ring, particularly related to the heat expansion shape method of high temperature alloy flash welding ring.
Background technology
High temperature alloy flash welding ring is after welding forming, due to the impact that is subjected to welding procedure, the ring of welding has a straight flange on its circumference, after adding welding, ring stress makes ring produce warpage, distortion than conference, cause its one-tenth irregular circular, its dimensional accuracy is poor, and generally the ring of welding needs could use after full circle meets the requirements of size.
On February 18th, 2009, disclosed Chinese invention patent specification CN 101367104A disclosed a kind of shroud ring, this process by peripheral hardware high-pressure pump and the highly pressurised liquid that makes its generation by the passage in high pressure cylinder, then inject fixing upper prod cast and mobile lower prod cast and the enclosure space of retaining ring formation via the passage that subtracts in the power post in mould part, make retaining ring that plastic deformation occur under the effect of fluid pressure and carry out the bulging retaining ring, the purpose that strengthen retaining ring to reach, improves the retaining ring forming accuracy.The method, owing to being that flexible contact by the inner peripheral surface of liquid and ring carrys out cold expanding shape ring, therefore, can only be fit to the little material of some resistances of deformation, and its Main Function is the reinforcement ring, and for example high temperature alloy is inapplicable for material that resistance of deformation is larger; And the method for how also discloses in detail by the dimensional accuracy that bulging improves ring, just broadly draw and can reach the purpose that improves the retaining ring forming accuracy, namely the method can not solve full circle and the poor problem of dimensional accuracy of the flash welding ring that exists in prior art.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of heat expansion shape method that adopts the bulging piece to realize high temperature alloy flash welding ring, the method is carried out bulging by full circle and continuous quadratic small deformation amount to described high temperature alloy flash welding ring, has obtained the high bulging ring of dimensional accuracy.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the heat expansion shape method of high temperature alloy flash welding ring of the present invention, its technical scheme comprises the following steps:
After high temperature alloy flash welding ring after annealing in process is heated to 800 ℃～950 ℃, cover is put into shape expanding machine, and its inner ring surface is enclosed within through being preheating to the outer circumference surface periphery of the bulging piece of 260 ℃～320 ℃, and at this moment, radial slider is in closes up state;
Starting shape expanding machine applies axial tension F to the mandrel slide block and it is moved down vertically and along the endoporus conical surface extruding radial slide block of described radial slider, make the radially synchronizing moving diffusion of each radial slider, the bulging piece that is contained on the radial slider outer circumference surface radially pushes this ring from the inner circumferential surface of ring, ring generation dimension of inner and outer diameters enlarges and the wall thickness reduction plastic deformation, completes bulging for the first time; In this Bulging Process, the bulging temperature of described ring is 800 ℃～950 ℃, and the bulging time is 22～28s, and the dwell time is 10～12s, and the bulging deflection is 0.6%～0.8%;
Shape expanding machine drives the mandrel slide block and moves up vertically in radial slider, and drive radial slider radially synchronizing moving close up the ring that makes after the bulging piece breaks away from bulging, deflector roll on the workbench of startup shape expanding machine makes it drive described ring along 45 ° of central axis rotations, completes the rotation for the first time of ring;
By the operation of above-mentioned bulging for the first time, the ring through after bulging is for the first time carried out bulging for the second time, in this Bulging Process, the bulging temperature of described ring is 770 ℃～920 ℃, and the bulging time is 25～30s, dwell time is 20～22s, and the bulging deflection is 0.7%～0.9%;
Operation by above-mentioned rotation is for the first time rotated for the second time to the ring through after bulging for the second time, this rotation, and described ring is rotated 45 ° in the same way again with direction of rotation for the first time;
By the operation of above-mentioned bulging for the first time, the ring through after bulging is for the second time carried out bulging for the third time, in this Bulging Process, the bulging temperature of described ring is 740 ℃～890 ℃, and the bulging time is 30～40s, dwell time is 26～28s, and the bulging deflection is 0.8%～1%;
After bulging finished, the mandrel slide block that moves up, closed up radial slider, takes out the ring after bulging.
The above-mentioned high temperature alloy preferred material trade mark is the high temperature alloy of GH163.
The axial tension F that described shape expanding machine applies the mandrel slide block is calculated as follows definite:
F＝ξ×σ
0.2×S
In formula:
ξ---shape expanding machine bulge coefficient, the present invention gets 1.26～1.52;
σ
0.2---the yield strength of high-temperature alloy material (MPa) at the bulging temperature, the GH163 alloy is got 380MPa～560MPa;
Longitudinal section area (the mm of S---ring
2).
The bulging size of described ring under hot be calculative determination as follows:
D＝D
0(1+β
t)+d
In formula:
D---ring is in the internal diameter size (mm) under hot after bulging;
D
0---ring is in the final products internal diameter size (mm) under cold conditions after bulging;
β
t---the temperature compensation coefficient (%) of ring at the bulging temperature, the GH163 alloy gets 1.3%～1.66%;
D---the springback capacity of internal diameter size (mm) after the ring bulging, the GH163 alloy is got 3～5mm.
Adopt the high temperature alloy flash welding ring of heat expansion shape method bulging of the present invention, its internal diameter size scope is Ф 400mm～Ф 4500mm, and wall thickness is 10mm～200mm, is highly 40mm～750mm.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention carries out rigidity by the bulging piece on shape expanding machine and high temperature alloy flash welding ring and contacts direct bulging, can carry out bulging to the larger difficult wrought superalloy material of resistance of deformation, and can obtain needed bulging size and be conducive to improve dimensional accuracy.
First the flash welding ring is carried out annealing in process before bulging of the present invention, can remove part stress, be unlikely to the excessive and spalling of stress while guaranteeing bulging.
The present invention carries out bulging by bulging full circle and continuous quadratic small deformation amount to described flash welding ring, can on circumference after flash welding with straight flange and there is the ring of warpage, distortion that the full circle of bulging distortion first occurs hardly, control the dimensional accuracy of ring while being conducive to follow-up twice small deformation amount bulging.And by selecting the suitable technological parameters such as bulging temperature, bulging time and dwell time, thereby can guarantee that high temperature alloy flash welding ring can not produce dynamic recrystallization in Bulging Process, can the tissue of ring not exerted an influence, not there will be the spalling phenomenon, can also make after each bulging the springback capacity of ring less; And pass through 45 ° of twice rotating Vortexes of described ring in Bulging Process, the vestige that gap in the time of can eliminating the bulging piece and radially spread bulging between adjacent bulging piece forms the ring inner peripheral surface, thus be conducive to carrying out smoothly and obtaining the higher bulging ring of dimensional accuracy of Bulging Process; In whole Bulging Process, can measure in real time the springback capacity of internal diameter size after the situation of change of ring internal diameter size and each bulging due to the bulging piece, and measurement data in time is sent on the display of shape expanding machine, thereby can accurately control the bulging size of ring when bulging.In sum, adopt the ring of the method for the invention bulging can obtain the higher final products size of dimensional accuracy.
In Bulging Process, the axial tension F that the mandrel slide block is applied due to shape expanding machine is the yield strength (σ by material at the bulge coefficient (ξ) of shape expanding machine, bulging temperature
0.2) and the longitudinal section area (S) of ring determine, therefore, can determine the size of axial tension F for the ring of different shape expanding machines and different materials, size, make ring stressed more even more reasonable in Bulging Process, can guarantee carrying out smoothly of Bulging Process, avoid exerting oneself excessive cause spalling or exert oneself too smallly cause swollen motionless phenomenon to occur.
The hot bulging internal diameter size (D) of described bulging ring is in the final products internal diameter size (D under cold conditions after bulging by ring
0), the temperature compensation coefficient (β of ring at the bulging temperature
t) and the ring bulging after the springback capacity (d) of internal diameter size carry out calculative determination, thereby can accurately control the thermal state sizes of ring when bulging, and in the high cold conditions size of the cooling rear acquisition dimensional accuracy of bulging ring, be the final products size of ring after bulging.
High temperature alloy flash welding ring take the trade mark as GH163 is example, and the cold conditions size of this alloy flash welding ring after bulging is the final products sizes after testing, has reached 1 ‰ of corresponding size～2 ‰ (one thousandth～2/1000ths); Any variation, do not occur in the interior tissue of this ring after testing, and without defects such as distortion, warpages.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the profilograph of flash welding ring along its center line.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of shape expanding machine.
Fig. 3 is the installation schematic diagram of flash welding ring.
Fig. 4 is the heat expansion shape process schematic diagram of flash welding ring.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the flash welding ring after bulging piece disengaging bulging.
The specific embodiment
The heat expansion shape method of implementing high temperature alloy flash welding ring of the present invention need to provide the equipment such as shape expanding machine, manipulator.Below the high temperature alloy take China's material trademark as GH163 describes the specific embodiment of the method in detail as example:
the main chemical elements content (percentage by weight) of this alloy is: C content 0.04%～0.08%, contain Cr amount 19.0%～21.0%, contain Mo amount 5.6%～6.1%, contain Al+Ti amount 2.4%～2.8%, contain Co amount 19.0%～21.0%, contain Al amount 030%～0.60%, contain Fe amount≤0.7%, contain Cu amount≤0.2%, contain Pb amount≤0.0020%, si content≤0.40%, contain Mn amount≤0.60%, P content≤0.015%, contain S amount≤0.007%, contain Ag amount≤0.0005%, contain B amount≤0.0050%, contain Bi amount≤0.0001%, surplus is Ni.。
Be used for implementing heat expansion shape method of the present invention shape expanding machine structure diagram as shown in Figure 2, this shape expanding machine mainly is comprised of mandrel slide block 1, radial slider 2, bulging piece 3, workbench 4 and guide rail 5.Mandrel slide block 1 is conical and is sleeved in radial slider 2 and coordinates with the taper inner peripheral surface of radial slider 2, and mandrel slide block 1 can be driven and be moved up and down vertically in radial slider 2 and extruding radial slide block 2 by the hydraulic cylinder of shape expanding machine; Radial slider 2 is arranged on the guide rail 5 of shape expanding machine and can radially moves around along guide rail 5, radial slider 2 is overlooked direction from Fig. 2 and is seen it is 12 secter pat shapes of separating, be installed with respectively bulging piece 3 on the outer circumference surface of each secter pat, can form a toroidal when each secter pat closes up together with bulging piece 3; Can make when mandrel slide block 1 moves down vertically in radial slider 2 each radial slider 2 radially synchronizing moving diffusion make bulging piece 3 reach the purpose of bulging ring, when mandrel slide block 1 moves up vertically in radial slider 2 shape expanding machine can drive each radial slider 2 radially synchronizing moving close up the ring that makes after bulging piece 3 breaks away from bulgings, bulging piece 3 has real-time measurement ring internal diameter size and measurement data is sent to function on the display of shape expanding machine in Bulging Process; In addition, can drive in addition ring deflector roll (not shown) along the central axis rotation on this workbench on the workbench 4 of this shape expanding machine.
The processing step that this alloy flash welding ring is carried out heat expansion shape is as follows:
Step 1: installation.
As shown in Figure 3, first the bulging piece 3 on shape expanding machine is preheating to 260 ℃～320 ℃, after again the GH163 alloy flash welding ring 10 after annealing in process being heated to 800 ℃～950 ℃, cover is put into shape expanding machine, make its inner ring surface be enclosed within the outer circumference surface periphery of bulging piece 3, its bottom surface lie in workbench 4 above, at this moment, radial slider 2 is in and closes up state.During installation, the shipment of workpiece is mainly completed by Robot actions.
Step 2: bulging for the first time.
as shown in Figure 4, starting shape expanding machine makes its mandrel slide block 1 axially move down along it, mandrel slide block 1 makes the radially synchronizing moving diffusion of each radial slider 2 along its taper surface extruding radial slide block 2 radial slider 2 is interior, the outer circumference surface of the bulging piece 3 on radial slider 2 contacts with the inner circumferential surface of ring 10, and along the inner circumferential surface of ring 10, push ring 10, make ring 10 be subject to radial compression power from bulging piece 3 from the inner circumferential surface to the external peripheral surface, cause the inner peripheral surface of ring 10 radially to enlarge, in ring 10 occurs, outside dimension enlarges, the plastic deformation of wall thickness reduction, ring 10 is by bulging piece 3 bulging for the first time, during bulging, the hydraulic cylinder of shape expanding machine applies axial tension F to mandrel slide block 1, the bulging temperature of ring 10 is 800 ℃～950 ℃, the bulging time is 22～28s, dwell time is 10～12s, the bulging deflection of ring 10 is 0.6%～0.8%.
The described bulging time is the time after ring 10 is finished to bulging by bulging from the beginning; The described dwell time refers to no longer deform and remain to the time that bulging finishes always after ring 10 is reached deflection by bulging.
Step 3: rotation for the first time.
As shown in Figure 5, making shape expanding machine drive mandrel slide block 1 moves up vertically in radial slider 2, and drive radial slider 2 radially synchronizing moving close up the ring 10 that makes after bulging piece 3 breaks away from bulgings, start deflector roll on the workbench 4 of shape expanding machine make its drive ring 10 on this workbench along central axis clockwise or be rotated counterclockwise 45 °, thereby complete the rotation for the first time of ring 10.
Step 4: bulging for the second time.
The Bulging Process of repeating step 1 makes 3 pairs of rings of bulging piece 10 carry out bulging for the second time, during bulging, the hydraulic cylinder of shape expanding machine applies axial tension F to mandrel slide block 1, the bulging temperature of ring 10 is 770 ℃～920 ℃, the bulging time is 25～30s, dwell time is 20～22s, and the bulging deflection of ring 10 is 0.7%～0.9%.
Step 5: rotation for the second time.
Repeating step 3, make the deflector roll of shape expanding machine drive ring 10 and rotate in the same way 45 ° with direction of rotation for the first time again, thereby complete the rotation for the second time of ring 10.
Step 6: bulging for the third time.
The Bulging Process of repeating step 1 makes 3 pairs of rings of bulging piece 10 carry out bulging for the third time, during bulging, the hydraulic cylinder of shape expanding machine applies axial tension F to mandrel slide block 1, the bulging temperature of ring 10 is 740 ℃～890 ℃, the bulging time is 30～40s, dwell time is 26～28s, and the bulging deflection of ring 10 is 0.8%～1%.
After three times bulging finished, the mandrel slide block 1 that moves up, closed up radial slider 2 and make bulging piece 3 break away from ring 10, thereby with manipulator, take out ring 10, completes Bulging Process.
F＝ξ×σ
0.2×S
In formula:
ξ---shape expanding machine bulge coefficient, the present invention gets 1.26～1.52;
σ
0.2---the yield strength of high-temperature alloy material (MPa) at the bulging temperature, the present invention gets 380MPa～560MPa;
Longitudinal section area (the mm of S---ring 10
2);
The computational methods of the bulging deflection of described ring 10 are: bulging deflection=[the central diameter size of ring 10 before (the central diameter size of the front ring 10 of the central diameter size-bulging of ring 10 after bulging)/bulging] * 100%.
The central diameter size of described ring 10=(outside dimension of the internal diameter size+ring 10 of ring 10) ÷ 2
For guaranteeing that described ring 10 can access the final size of product requirement after bulging, ring 10 is calculated as follows at the bulging size under hot:
D＝D
0(1+β
t)+d
In formula:
D---ring 10 is in the internal diameter size (mm) under hot after bulging;
D
0---ring 10 is in the final products internal diameter size (mm) under cold conditions after bulging;
β
t---the temperature compensation coefficient (%) of ring 10 at the bulging temperature, the temperature compensation coefficient for different materials under different temperatures is different, and the present invention gets 1.3%～1.66%;
The springback capacity (mm) of internal diameter size after d---part 10 bulgings, the present invention gets 3～5mm.
Adopt the high temperature alloy flash welding ring of said method bulging, its internal diameter size scope is: Ф 400mm～Ф 4500mm, wall thickness are 10mm～200mm, are highly 40mm～750mm.
Claims (5)
1. the heat expansion shape method of a high temperature alloy flash welding ring, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
After high temperature alloy flash welding ring after annealing in process is heated to 800 ℃～950 ℃, cover is put into shape expanding machine, and its inner ring surface is enclosed within through being preheating to the outer circumference surface periphery of the bulging piece of 260 ℃～320 ℃, and at this moment, radial slider is in closes up state;
Starting shape expanding machine applies axial tension F to the mandrel slide block and it is moved down vertically and along the endoporus conical surface extruding radial slide block of described radial slider, make the radially synchronizing moving diffusion of each radial slider, the bulging piece that is contained on the radial slider outer circumference surface radially pushes this ring from the inner circumferential surface of ring, ring generation dimension of inner and outer diameters enlarges and the wall thickness reduction plastic deformation, completes bulging for the first time; In this Bulging Process, the bulging temperature of described ring is 800 ℃～950 ℃, and the bulging time is 22～28s, and the dwell time is 10～12s, and the bulging deflection is 0.6%～0.8%;
Shape expanding machine drives the mandrel slide block and moves up vertically in radial slider, and drive radial slider radially synchronizing moving close up the ring that makes after the bulging piece breaks away from bulging, deflector roll on the workbench of startup shape expanding machine makes it drive described ring along 45 ° of central axis rotations, completes the rotation for the first time of ring;
By the operation of above-mentioned bulging for the first time, the ring through after bulging is for the first time carried out bulging for the second time, in this Bulging Process, the bulging temperature of described ring is 770 ℃～920 ℃, and the bulging time is 25～30s, dwell time is 20～22s, and the bulging deflection is 0.7%～0.9%;
Operation by above-mentioned rotation is for the first time rotated for the second time to the ring through after bulging for the second time, this rotation, and described ring is rotated 45 ° in the same way again with direction of rotation for the first time;
By the operation of above-mentioned bulging for the first time, the ring through after bulging is for the second time carried out bulging for the third time, in this Bulging Process, the bulging temperature of described ring is 740 ℃～890 ℃, and the bulging time is 30～40s, dwell time is 26～28s, and the bulging deflection is 0.8%～1%;
After bulging finished, the mandrel slide block that moves up, closed up radial slider, takes out the ring after bulging.
2. the heat expansion shape method of flash welding ring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high temperature alloy is GH163.
3. the heat expansion shape method of flash welding ring according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the axial tension F that described shape expanding machine applies the mandrel slide block is calculated as follows definite:
F＝ξ×σ
0.2×S
In formula:
ξ---shape expanding machine bulge coefficient, the present invention gets 1.26～1.52;
σ
0.2---the yield strength of high-temperature alloy material (MPa) at the bulging temperature, the GH163 alloy is got 380MPa～560MPa;
Longitudinal section area (the mm of S---ring
2).
4. the heat expansion shape method of flash welding ring according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the bulging size of described ring under hot be calculative determination as follows:
D＝D
0(1+β
t)+d
In formula:
D---ring is in the internal diameter size (mm) under hot after bulging;
D
0---ring is in the final products internal diameter size (mm) under cold conditions after bulging;
β
t---the temperature compensation coefficient (%) of ring at the bulging temperature, the GH163 alloy gets 1.3%～1.66%;
D---the springback capacity of internal diameter size (mm) after the ring bulging, the GH163 alloy is got 3～5mm.
5. the heat expansion shape method of flash welding ring according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the flash welding ring of described bulging, its internal diameter size scope are Φ 400mm～Ф 4500mm, and wall thickness is 10mm～200mm, are highly 40mm～750mm.
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN2011103768669A CN102500704B (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2011-11-24 | Thermal bulging method for high-temperature alloy flashing welding ring piece |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002210529A (en) * | 2001-01-12 | 2002-07-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Hot forming method for titanium alloy cylindrical parts |
| JP2010036245A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2010-02-18 | Meiwa Kinzoku Kogyo Kk | Device and method for expanding metallic circular cylinder |
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2011
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002210529A (en) * | 2001-01-12 | 2002-07-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Hot forming method for titanium alloy cylindrical parts |
| JP2010036245A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2010-02-18 | Meiwa Kinzoku Kogyo Kk | Device and method for expanding metallic circular cylinder |
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