CN102497764A - Quick-response heat dissipating and energy storing device - Google Patents
Quick-response heat dissipating and energy storing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102497764A CN102497764A CN2011103624516A CN201110362451A CN102497764A CN 102497764 A CN102497764 A CN 102497764A CN 2011103624516 A CN2011103624516 A CN 2011103624516A CN 201110362451 A CN201110362451 A CN 201110362451A CN 102497764 A CN102497764 A CN 102497764A
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- heat
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- change material
- radiation
- heat pipe
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quick-response heat dissipating and energy storing device, which comprises a phase-change material (1), a foam material (2), an oscillation heating tube (3) and a radiation box (4). The oscillation heating tube (3) is welded on a bottom plate of the radiation box (4), the foam material (2) is connected with the outer wall of the oscillation heating tube (3) and the inner wall of the radiation box (4) in a foam manner, the phase-change material (1) in a liquid state is irrigated into the radiation box (4) and filled among the inner wall of the radiation box (4), the foam material (2) and the oscillation heating tube (3). According to high heat-conducting property of the oscillation heating tube, the large specific surface area and anisotropism heat-conducting performances of the foam material and high phase-change latent heat of the phase-change material, the quick-response heat dissipating and energy storing device has the characteristics of high heat capacity and thermal diffusivity and the like foam, and can be applied to aerospace electronic devices which are high in heating productivity and heat-flow density and work circularly. Besides, the quick-response heat dissipating and energy storing device has the advantages of high heat response speed and temperature control accuracy, high short-term heat absorption capacity, light weight and system reliability and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat abstractor, relate in particular to a kind of quick response heat radiation energy storage device.Belong to spacecraft thermal control field.
Background technology
The demand that the actuating force of spacecraft thermal control technical development mainly develops from the following task of spacecraft.For the spacecraft thermal control system, promote temperature levels, temperature control precision, instrument density of heat flow rate, hot fed distance and heat dissipation effective heat sink etc. that the development key factor comprises power level, control.
Along with the development of space technology, the local or instantaneous power of some equipment can be up to hundreds of watts/square centimeters, like laser diode, high power sensing chip, high power directed energy weapon etc.Existing cooling means can't meet the demands, and in recent years, microchannel evaporation cooling technique that NASA is developing and spraying cooling technology might solve the cooling problem of high density of heat flow rate.But these technology still are in conceptual phase, and leaving practical application still has suitable distance.
In addition, along with the temperature controlling range of instrument on the spacecraft also become more and more narrow, be generally ± 1 ℃, some Space Optical System are ± 0.1 ℃, the more accurate mK magnitude that reaches.
Therefore, need a kind of cooling device, become the bottleneck problem of restriction spacecraft development with efficient heat transfer and high accuracy of temperature control.The heat transfer technology of being badly in need of micro high efficiency is paved the way for its development.And as a kind of heat sinking cooling technology, little, in light weight and equivalent heat output is big because of its size etc. that characteristics have demonstrated advantage in this field for oscillating heat pipe.Yet though the conductive coefficient of oscillating heat pipe is very high, heat exchange area is limited.This makes that the thermal resistance between oscillating heat pipe and heat remittance is still bigger.
Oscillating heat pipe is in the snakelike loop capillary of a sealing; Be filled with a certain amount of working media; This medium forms the gas-liquid slug flow under the effect of the surface tension and the cold and hot end temperature difference, and appearing in the snakelike loop at random, through phase transformation (evaporation and condensation) and gas-liquid vibration realization heat transferred.Different with general heat pipe, oscillating heat pipe inside is not simple phase-change heat transfer, but integrates sensible heat heat transfer, phase-change heat transfer, expansion work, relates to the gas-liquid two-phase streaming system of many physics subjects, multi-parameter.The oscillating heat pipe volume is little, and is simple in structure.The little overall dimensions that determined of caliber is little, meets the demand of spacecraft loss of weight.General heat pipe receives the influence of capillary limit, boiling property etc., and its conductive heat flow density is limited.It is very high that oscillating heat pipe can transmit density of heat flow rate, do not have the peculiar heat transfer limitations of general heat pipe.People's such as Nishio experiment has realized 1000W/cm
2The transmission of density of heat flow rate.Oscillating heat pipe adaptability is good, and its shape can be crooked arbitrarily.This thermal control to complicated shape device in the spacecraft is very favourable.
Foamed material is a kind of new material with each side excellent properties emerging over past ten years.Different according to hole average diameter and pore structure, foamed material has sizable specific area, and the specific area of existing foamed material has surpassed 10000m
2/ m
3And common hexahedral specific area has only 6m
2/ m
3, the specific area of fin commonly used also has only 30～100m
2/ m
3The foamed material of bigger serface is applied to radiator makes the area of dissipation of radiator improve several magnitude.In addition, foamed material can manufacture anisotropic material.U.S. a company has made a kind of high temperature sintering graphite foam, and its density has only 10% of solid graphite, and the conductive coefficient of planar direction is 233W/ (m. a ℃), and the thickness direction conductive coefficient is 4.5W/ (m. a ℃).This anisotropic heat conductivility extremely helps doing the expansion radiating surface of heat pipe.Good heat conductive performance perpendicular to the in-plane of heat pipe makes the efficiently radiates heat area of radiator bigger, and the poor that is parallel to the heat pipe direction can help the startup of heat pipe under little load.
Phase-change material has very big latent heat.For example, the thawing latent heat of hexadecane is 237KJ/kg.The peak heat load that it is produced in the time of can absorbing high power device work dissipates heat when instrument is not worked.Yet the conductive coefficient of phase-change material is often smaller, and the peak load in the time of can not absorbing high power device work fast and effectively causes the high power device temperature to raise and exceeds the normal working temperature scope of instrument.
At present, when solving the thermal control problem of the big caloric value device of periodic duty, application start formula radiator often.This has not only produced the problem of spacecraft weightening finish, also because increased many driving mechanisms that have the single point failure problem, the reliability of whole star is reduced.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to solve the existing problem of above-mentioned radiator, and a kind of volume is little, in light weight, cheap for manufacturing cost, thermal response is fast, heat transfer property is high, easy to process, the stable application foamed material and the heat abstractor of oscillating heat pipe are provided.
A kind of quick response heat radiation energy storage device is provided, it is characterized in that it comprises phase-change material 1, foamed material 2, oscillating heat pipe 3 and radiation seed 4; Oscillating heat pipe 3 is arranged on radiation seed inside; Be the snakelike loop of many group sealings, every group of oscillating heat pipe comprises bringing-up section and cooling section, and said bringing-up section bottom is inboard with the base plate that the mode of welding is connected to radiation seed 4; Foamed material 2 is arranged on radiation seed inside; And be connected to through the foaming mode on the inwall of outer wall and radiation seed 4 of oscillating heat pipe 3, phase-change material 1 pours in the radiation seed 4 with liquid condition, is filled between inwall, foamed material 2 and the oscillating heat pipe 3 of radiation seed 4.
The direction of the fiber when foamed material) foaming is parallel to the base plate plane of radiation seed 4.
The wire chamber that radiation seed 4 seals around being.
The wall outside and the low coating of upside outer surface spraying absorptivity-emissivity ratio around the radiation seed 4.
Phase-change material 1 comprises high temperature phase change material (pcm), middle temperature phase-change material and low-temperature phase-change material, and high temperature phase change material (pcm) is fuse salt or metal alloy; In warm phase-change material be hydrated salt, organic substance or macromolecular material; Low-temperature phase-change material is ice or hydrogel.
Operation principle of the present invention: utilize the latent heat of phase change of phase-change material to absorb the heat that produces when the periodic duty device is worked, keep the temperature of device; The material that latent heat of phase change is big, for example: water, paraffin etc. often exists heat conductivility not good, the problem that temperature diffusivity is smaller.Utilize the high thermal conductivity of oscillating heat pipe, the caloric value when making device work is transmitted to phase-change material with response speed as quickly as possible; Though the conductive coefficient of oscillating heat pipe is high.But the contact area of itself and phase-change material is less, can not give phase-change material with the efficient conduction of heat.Foamed material has big specific area and big conductive coefficient, and its specific area and conductive coefficient are different and different with the average pore size of material, porosity etc.The present invention combines the big specific heat capacity of phase-change material, the high thermal conductivity coefficient of oscillating heat pipe and the bigger serface of foamed material, has invented a kind of heat abstractor that has big thermal capacitance, big temperature diffusivity.In addition, because the average pore size in foamed material space is smaller, phase-change material dissolves the back and contacts the bigger capillary force that produces with foamed material.Capillary force helps fixedly phase-change material, can prevent phase-change material flowing at random after dissolving.The snakelike loop of oscillating heat pipe is provided with, and particularly is parallel to the bend pipe of base plate direction, more can increase the temperature diffusivity of heat abstractor than general heat pipe.And the height heat radiation density of heat flow rate of oscillating heat pipe makes the heat transfer property of heat abstractor of the present invention restricted hardly.
With respect to prior art, in the heat abstractor of the present invention, be connected through the mode that compresses between the base plate of radiation seed and the instrument that needs heat radiation, contact-making surface is filled heat filling to reduce contact heat resistance; Heat pipe is connected by soldering or the like on the base plate of radiation seed; Foamed material is connected on the inwall of heat pipe and radiation seed through the mode of foaming; Phase-change material heating back is filled between foamed material, heat pipe and the radiation seed with liquid condition; After phase-change material cooling was solidified, the upper cover plate of radiation seed was connected to the upper end of radiation seed with the mode of welding, and radiation seed is become and outside isolated sealed hollow.
The heat that produces during instrument work is with the base plate of heat conducting mode through heat filling and radiation seed; Base plate arrives heat transferred with heat conducting mode the hot junction of oscillating heat pipe; Oscillating heat pipe with heat to the direction transmission vertical with parallel with the radiation seed base plate; The machine direction of foamed material parallel with the radiation seed base plate (foamed material is an anisotropic material, and the thermal conductivity ratio of machine direction is higher), oscillating heat pipe in the horizontal direction with heat conducting mode with the heat transferred foamed material; Phase-change material with the mode of phase transformation with heat absorption; Phase-change material arrives heat transferred with the mode of phase-change heat-exchange the outer wall on five surfaces of radiation; The outer wall on five surfaces of radiation seed arrives the deep cooling space through the mode of radiation heat transfer with heat transferred.
Because the caloric value of instrument is very big.When instrument is worked, radiation seed be difficult to heat synchronous be discharged into the deep cooling space.The instrument caloric value that can not discharge is stored in the phase-change material with the mode of phase transformation.When instrument was not worked, phase-change material remained in the control temperature range temperature of instrument to solidify the mode heating instrument of heat release.Simultaneously, phase-change material through the radiation seed outer wall to the space heat release, required cold when storing apparatus is worked next time.
The heat that phase-change material absorbs when instrument is worked discharges next time when instrument is worked and finishes.The temperature of this sampling instrument can be maintained near the phase transition temperature of phase-change material, and the temperature of instrument is controlled in the narrow scope, improves the temperature-controlled precision of instrument.Existing temperature control technique often when instrument is not worked, keeps the temperature of instrument unlikely low excessively through electrically heated mode.The present invention has saved the energy of preciousness on the spacecraft with the mode of phase-change accumulation energy.
In addition, the foamed material of using among the present invention has lightweight characteristics, the demand of compound spacecraft loss of weight.The foamed material of equal volume is generally 5%～20% of simple metal weight of the same race.Through the porosity of adjustment foamed material, can reach the purpose of adjustment material thermal conductivity and weight.
The present invention mainly is the foamed material that foamed in the oscillating heat pipe outside; The present invention has advantages such as volume is little, in light weight, cost is low, heat transfer efficiency is high, stable, and the spacecraft that is suitable for accuracy of temperature control height, big power consumption cyclical intermission work is used electronic device.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a heat abstractor of using aluminum foam and oscillating heat pipe.
Among the figure: 1 phase-change material, 2 foamed materials, 3 oscillating heat pipes, 4 radiation seeds.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.These embodiment are interpreted as only being used to the present invention is described and are not used in restriction protection scope of the present invention.After the content of having read the present invention's record, those skilled in the art can do various changes or modification to the present invention, and these equivalences change and modify and fall into claim of the present invention institute restricted portion equally.
As shown in Figure 1, the heat abstractor of using foamed material and oscillating heat pipe comprises phase-change material 1, foamed material 2, oscillating heat pipe 3, radiation seed 4; Wherein, the tubing of oscillating heat pipe 3 is aluminium, and working medium is ammonia; Phase-change material 1 is a hexadecane, and its fusing point is 16.7 ℃; Foamed material 2 is an aluminum foam, and its porosity is 90%, and the machine direction conductive coefficient is 43W/ (m. a ℃), and vertical fibers direction conductive coefficient is 5W/ (m. a ℃); Radiation seed 4 is the aluminum closed metal chamber of wall thickness 3mm.Oscillating heat pipe 3 is the snakelike loop of many group sealings, and every group of oscillating heat pipe is divided into bringing-up section, cooling section, and the bringing-up section bottom is inboard with the base plate that the mode of welding is connected to radiation seed 4.Oscillating heat pipe 3, radiation seed 4 are aluminium material, and foamed material 2 can effectively reduce their contact heat resistance each other for commaterial.And material of the same race can also reduce the unreliability of expanding with heat and contract with cold and bringing between the different parts.Foamed material 3 is connected on the inwall of oscillating heat pipe 3 and radiation seed 4 with the mode of foaming.Phase-change material 1 heating back is injected between the space of foamed material 3 with the state of liquid.After phase-change material 1 solidifies, the upper cover plate of radiation seed 4 is connected to the upside of wall around the radiation seed 4 with the mode of welding.
Big based on oscillating heat pipe conductive heat flow density, characteristics such as heat output is big.This device is particularly suited for density of heat flow rate big, the heat radiation of the device that heat dissipation capacity is big.Have advantages such as thermal response speed is fast, temperature-controlled precision is high, in light weight.
Claims (6)
1. one kind responds the heat radiation energy storage device fast; It is characterized in that; It comprises phase-change material (1), foamed material (2), oscillating heat pipe (3) and radiation seed (4), and oscillating heat pipe (3) is arranged on radiation seed inside, is the snakelike loop of many group sealings; Every group of oscillating heat pipe comprises bringing-up section and cooling section; Said bringing-up section bottom is inboard with the base plate that the mode of welding is connected to radiation seed (4), and foamed material (2) is arranged on radiation seed inside, and is connected to through the foaming mode on the inwall of outer wall and radiation seed (4) of oscillating heat pipe (3); Phase-change material (1) pours in the radiation seed (4) with liquid condition, is filled between inwall, foamed material (2) and the oscillating heat pipe (3) of radiation seed (4).
2. a kind of quick response heat radiation energy storage device according to claim 1 is characterized in that foamed material (2) is metal foam, graphite foam or charcoal foam.
3. a kind of quick response heat radiation energy storage device according to claim 2 is characterized in that the direction of the fiber during foamed material (2) foaming is parallel to the base plate plane of radiation seed (4).
4. a kind of quick response heat radiation energy storage device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the wire chamber that radiation seed (4) seals around being.
5. a kind of quick response heat radiation energy storage device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the wall outside and the low coating of upside outer surface spraying absorptivity-emissivity ratio around the radiation seed (4).
6. a kind of quick response heat radiation energy storage device according to claim 1 is characterized in that phase-change material (1) comprises high temperature phase change material (pcm), middle temperature phase-change material and low-temperature phase-change material, and high temperature phase change material (pcm) is fuse salt or metal alloy; In warm phase-change material be hydrated salt, organic substance or macromolecular material; Low-temperature phase-change material is ice or hydrogel.
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| CN201110362451.6A CN102497764B (en) | 2011-11-15 | 2011-11-15 | A kind of heat radiation of response fast energy storage device |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110362451.6A CN102497764B (en) | 2011-11-15 | 2011-11-15 | A kind of heat radiation of response fast energy storage device |
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| CN102497764B CN102497764B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103256841A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-21 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Novel energy storage cooling device |
| CN103269571A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-28 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Quick response energy storing heat dissipation plate |
| CN105246299A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-13 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Heat radiation energy storage device |
| CN105431003A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Continuous phase change heat sink thermal control unit |
| CN105611807A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-05-25 | 清华大学 | Integrated heat sink based on metal phase-change material and heat pipes |
| CN109972490A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-05 | 西南交通建设集团股份有限公司 | Box beam temp auto-controlled with decalescence and radiation cooling function drapes over one's shoulders dress |
| CN111918526A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-10 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Heat transfer device suitable for equipment group for space |
| US11045912B2 (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2021-06-29 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Method of fabricating an oscillating heat pipe |
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| CN1916550A (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2007-02-21 | 西安交通大学 | Tube type heat exchanger |
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| CN1916550A (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2007-02-21 | 西安交通大学 | Tube type heat exchanger |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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|---|
| 郑立秋 等: "振荡热管的研究现状与应用前景", 《吉林建筑工程学院学报》 * |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103256841A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-21 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Novel energy storage cooling device |
| CN103269571A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-28 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Quick response energy storing heat dissipation plate |
| CN103269571B (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2016-04-20 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | A kind of energy storage of response fast heating panel |
| CN103256841B (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2016-05-11 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | A kind of energy storage heat abstractor |
| CN105246299A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-13 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Heat radiation energy storage device |
| CN105431003A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Continuous phase change heat sink thermal control unit |
| CN105431003B (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2018-05-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Continuous phase transistion is heat sink thermal control units |
| CN105611807A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-05-25 | 清华大学 | Integrated heat sink based on metal phase-change material and heat pipes |
| CN109972490A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-05 | 西南交通建设集团股份有限公司 | Box beam temp auto-controlled with decalescence and radiation cooling function drapes over one's shoulders dress |
| CN109972490B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2021-07-20 | 西南交通建设集团股份有限公司 | Box girder automatic temperature control drape over one's shoulders with phase transition heat absorption and radiation cooling function |
| US11045912B2 (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2021-06-29 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Method of fabricating an oscillating heat pipe |
| CN111918526A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-10 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Heat transfer device suitable for equipment group for space |
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|---|---|
| CN102497764B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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Application publication date: 20120613 Assignee: Shanghai Lizheng Satellite Application Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Shanghai Satellite Engineering Research Institute Contract record no.: 2014310000036 Denomination of invention: Quick-response heat dissipating and energy storing device License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20140227 |
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