CN102497764B - A kind of heat radiation of response fast energy storage device - Google Patents
A kind of heat radiation of response fast energy storage device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102497764B CN102497764B CN201110362451.6A CN201110362451A CN102497764B CN 102497764 B CN102497764 B CN 102497764B CN 201110362451 A CN201110362451 A CN 201110362451A CN 102497764 B CN102497764 B CN 102497764B
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- radiation seed
- phase
- heat pipe
- radiation
- change material
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of heat radiation of response fast energy storage device, comprise phase-change material (1), foamed material (2), oscillating heat pipe (3) and radiation seed (4), oscillating heat pipe (3) is welded to the base plate of radiation seed (4), foamed material (2) is connected to oscillating heat pipe (3) outer wall and radiation seed (4) inwall by the mode of foaming, phase-change material (1) pours into radiation seed (4) with liquid condition, is filled in radiation seed (4) inwall, between foamed material (2) and oscillating heat pipe (3).The present invention utilizes the Large ratio surface sum anisotropic thermal conductivity energy of the high thermal conductivity of oscillating heat pipe, foamed material and the large latent heat of phase change of phase-change material, there is the features such as thermal capacitance is large, temperature diffusivity is large, can be applicable to that caloric value is large, density of heat flow rate is high, and the space flight electronic device of periodic duty.There is the advantages such as thermal response speed is fast, accuracy of temperature control is high, short-term caloric receptivity is large, lightweight, system is reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat abstractor, particularly relate to a kind of heat radiation of response fast energy storage device.Belong to spacecraft thermal control field.
Background technology
The actuating force of spacecraft Evolution of Thermal Control Technique development is mainly from the demand of spacecraft Future direction development.For spacecraft thermal control system, the key factor of presumption principle comprises the effectively heat sink etc. of power level, the temperature levels of control, temperature control precision, instrument density of heat flow rate, hot fed distance and heat dissipation.
Along with the development of space technology, the local of some equipment or instantaneous power can up to hundreds of watts/square centimeters, as laser diode, high power sensing chip, high power directed energy weapon etc.Existing cooling means cannot meet the demands, and in recent years, the microchannel evaporation cooling technique that NASA is developing and spray cooling likely solve the cooling problem of high density of heat flow rate.But these technology are still in conceptual phase, leaving practical application still has suitable distance.
In addition, along with the temperature controlling range of instrument on spacecraft also become more and more narrow, be generally ± 1 DEG C, some Space Optical System are ± 0.1 DEG C, and more accurate reaches mK magnitude.
Therefore, need a kind of cooling device with efficient heat transfer and high temperature control precision, become the bottleneck problem of restriction spacecraft development.The heat transfer technology being badly in need of micro high efficiency is paved the way for its development.And as a kind of heat sinking cooling technology, because its size is little, lightweight and equivalent heat output is large etc., feature shows advantage in this field to oscillating heat pipe.But although the conductive coefficient of oscillating heat pipe is very high, heat exchange area is limited.This makes the thermal resistance between oscillating heat pipe with heat sink still larger.
Oscillating heat pipe is in a serpentine circuit capillary closed, be filled with a certain amount of working media, this medium forms gas-liquid slug flow under the effect of surface tension and cold warm end temperature difference, and random appear in serpentine circuit, being vibrated by phase transformation (evaporation and condensation) and gas-liquid realizes heat transmission.Different from general heat pipe, oscillating heat pipe inside is not simple phase-change heat transfer, but integrates sensible heat heat transfer, phase-change heat transfer, expansion work, relates to the gas-liquid two-phase streaming system of many physics subjects, multi-parameter.Oscillating heat pipe volume is little, and structure is simple.Caliber is little, and to determine overall dimensions little, meets the demand of spacecraft loss of weight.General heat pipe is by the impact of capillary limit, boiling property etc., and its conductive heat flow density is limited.It is very high that oscillating heat pipe can transmit density of heat flow rate, do not have the specific heat transfer restriction of general heat pipe.The experiment of the people such as Nishio achieves 1000W/cm
2the transmission of density of heat flow rate.Oscillating heat pipe adaptability is good, and its shape can bend arbitrarily.This is very favourable to the thermal control of complicated shape device in spacecraft.
Foamed material is a kind of new material with each side excellent properties emerging nearly ten years.According to the difference of pore mean diameters and pore structure, foamed material has sizable specific area, and the specific area of existing foamed material is more than 10000m
2/ m
3.And common hexahedral specific area only has 6m
2/ m
3, the specific area of conventional fin also only has 30 ~ 100m
2/ m
3.The foamed material of bigger serface is applied to radiator makes the area of dissipation of radiator improve several order of magnitude.In addition, foamed material can manufacture anisotropic material.A company of the U.S. has made a kind of high temperature sintering graphite foam, and its density only has 10% of solid graphite, and the conductive coefficient in planar direction is 233W/ (m. DEG C), and thickness direction conductive coefficient is 4.5W/ (m. DEG C).This anisotropic heat conductivility is extremely conducive to the expansion radiating surface doing heat pipe.Good heat conductive performance perpendicular to the in-plane of heat pipe makes the efficiently radiates heat Area comparison of radiator large, and the poor heat conductivility being parallel to heat pipe direction is conducive to the startup of heat pipe under Smaller load.
Phase-change material has very large latent heat.Such as, the latent heat of hexadecane is 237KJ/kg.Its peak heat load produced when can absorb high power device work, when instrument does not work by disperses heat.But the conductive coefficient of phase-change material is often smaller, peak load during high power device work can not be absorbed fast and effectively, cause high power device temperature to raise the normal working temperature scope exceeding instrument.
At present, when solving the thermal control problem of the large caloric value device of periodic duty, often application start formula radiator.This not only creates the problem of spacecraft weightening finish, also because add many driving mechanisms that there is single point failure problem, the reliability of whole star is reduced.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention solves problem existing for above-mentioned radiator, provides the heat abstractor of a kind of volume is little, lightweight, cheap for manufacturing cost, thermal response is fast, heat transfer property is high, easy to process, stable application foamed material and oscillating heat pipe.
A kind of heat radiation of response fast energy storage device is provided, it is characterized in that, it comprises phase-change material 1, foamed material 2, oscillating heat pipe 3 and radiation seed 4, oscillating heat pipe 3 is arranged on radiation seed inside, for organizing closed serpentine circuit more, often organize oscillating heat pipe and comprise bringing-up section and cooling section, inside the base plate being connected to radiation seed 4 bottom described bringing-up section in a welding manner, foamed material 2 is arranged on radiation seed inside, and be connected on the outer wall of oscillating heat pipe 3 and the inwall of radiation seed 4 by foam pattern, phase-change material 1 pours in radiation seed 4 with liquid condition, be filled in the inwall of radiation seed 4, between foamed material 2 and oscillating heat pipe 3.
Foamed material 2 is metal foam, graphite foam or carbon foams.
Foamed material) direction of fiber when foaming is parallel to the base plate plane of radiation seed 4.
Radiation seed 4 is the wire chamber of all round closure.
The coating that outside four perisporiums of radiation seed 4 and upside outer surface spraying absorptivity-emissivity ratio is low.
Phase-change material 1 comprises high temperature phase change material (pcm), middle temperature phase-change material and low-temperature phase-change material, and high temperature phase change material (pcm) is fuse salt or metal alloy; Middle temperature phase-change material is hydrated salt, organic substance or macromolecular material; Low-temperature phase-change material is ice or hydrogel.
Operation principle of the present invention: the heat produced when utilizing the latent heat of phase change of phase-change material to absorb periodic duty devices function, the temperature of retainer member; The material that latent heat of phase change is large, such as: it is not good that water, paraffin etc. often exist heat conductivility, the problem that temperature diffusivity is smaller.Utilize the high thermal conductivity of oscillating heat pipe, make caloric value during devices function be transmitted to phase-change material with response speed as quickly as possible; Though the conductive coefficient of oscillating heat pipe is high.But the contact area of itself and phase-change material is less, heat efficiently can not be conducted to phase-change material.Foamed material has large specific area and large conductive coefficient, and its specific area is different with the difference of the average pore size, porosity etc. of material with conductive coefficient.The present invention, in conjunction with the large specific heat capacity of phase-change material, the high thermal conductivity coefficient of oscillating heat pipe and the bigger serface of foamed material, has invented a kind of heat abstractor having large thermal capacitance, large temperature diffusivity.In addition, because the average pore size in foamed material space is smaller, to contact with foamed material after phase-change material dissolves produce larger capillary force.Capillary force is conducive to fixing phase-change material, the random flowing after can preventing phase-change material from dissolving.The serpentine circuit of oscillating heat pipe is arranged, and is particularly parallel to the bend pipe in base plate direction, more can increases the temperature diffusivity of heat abstractor compared with general heat pipe.Further, the height heat radiation density of heat flow rate of oscillating heat pipe makes the heat transfer property of heat abstractor of the present invention restricted hardly.
Relative to prior art, in heat abstractor of the present invention, the base plate of radiation seed is connected by the mode compressed with between the instrument that need dispel the heat, and contact-making surface fills heat filling to reduce contact heat resistance; Heat pipe is connected by soldering or the like on the base plate of radiation seed; Foamed material is connected on the inwall of heat pipe and radiation seed by the mode of foaming; Foamed material is filled into, between heat pipe and radiation seed with liquid condition after phase-change material heating; After phase change material temperature lowering solidifies, the upper cover plate of radiation seed is connected to the upper end of radiation seed in a welding manner, makes radiation seed become the cavity closed with external environment.
The heat produced during instrument work is in thermo-conducting manner by the base plate of heat filling and radiation seed; Heat is delivered to the hot junction of oscillating heat pipe by base plate in thermo-conducting manner; Heat transmits to the direction vertical with parallel with radiation seed base plate by oscillating heat pipe; The machine direction of foamed material is parallel with radiation seed base plate (foamed material is anisotropic material, and the conductive coefficient of machine direction is higher), and oscillating heat pipe transfers heat to foamed material in the horizontal direction in thermo-conducting manner; Phase-change material in the mode of phase transformation by heat absorption; Heat to be delivered to the surperficial outer wall of five of radiation in the mode of phase-change heat-exchange by phase-change material; Heat is delivered to deep cooling space by the mode of radiation heat transfer by the surperficial outer wall of radiation seed five.
Because the caloric value of instrument is very large.When instrument works, radiation seed is difficult to synchronous for heat to be discharged into deep cooling space.Not releasable instrument caloric value is stored in phase-change material in the mode of phase transformation.When instrument does not work, phase-change material, to solidify the mode heating instrument of heat release, makes the temperature of instrument remain within the scope of control temperature.Meanwhile, phase-change material passes through radiation seed outer wall to space heat release, cold required when storing apparatus works next time.
The heat that phase-change material absorbs when instrument works discharges complete when once working on instrument.The temperature of this sampling instrument can be maintained near the phase transition temperature of phase-change material, makes the temperature of instrument control in narrow scope, improves the temperature-controlled precision of instrument.Existing temperature control technique, often when instrument does not work, keeps the temperature of instrument unlikely too low by electrically heated mode.The present invention, in the mode of phase-change accumulation energy, saves the energy valuable on spacecraft.
In addition, the foamed material applied in the present invention has lightweight feature, the demand of Compound Spacecraft loss of weight.The foamed material of same volume is generally 5% ~ 20% of simple metal weight of the same race.By adjusting the porosity of foamed material, the object of adjustment material conducts heat rate and weight can be reached.
The present invention has mainly foamed in oscillating heat pipe outside foamed material, the present invention has the advantages such as volume is little, lightweight, cost is low, heat transfer efficiency is high, stable, is suitable for the spacecraft electronic device of accuracy of temperature control high, large power consumption cyclical intermission work.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the heat abstractor of application aluminum foam and oscillating heat pipe.
In figure: 1 phase-change material, 2 foamed materials, 3 oscillating heat pipes, 4 radiation seeds.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, set forth the present invention further.These embodiments are interpreted as only being not used in for illustration of the present invention limiting the scope of the invention.After the content of having read the present invention's record, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalence changes and modification fall into the scope of the claims in the present invention equally.
As shown in Figure 1, the heat abstractor applying foamed material and oscillating heat pipe comprises phase-change material 1, foamed material 2, oscillating heat pipe 3, radiation seed 4; Wherein, the tubing of oscillating heat pipe 3 is aluminium, and working medium is ammonia; Phase-change material 1 is hexadecane, and its fusing point is 16.7 DEG C; Foamed material 2 is aluminum foam, and its porosity is 90%, and machine direction conductive coefficient is 43W/ (m. DEG C), and vertical fibers direction conductive coefficient is 5W/ (m. DEG C); Radiation seed 4 is the aluminum closed metal chamber of wall thickness 3mm.Oscillating heat pipe 3 is the serpentine circuit that many groups are closed, and often organizes oscillating heat pipe and is divided into bringing-up section, cooling section, inside the base plate being connected to radiation seed 4 bottom bringing-up section in a welding manner.Oscillating heat pipe 3, radiation seed 4 are aluminium material, and foamed material 2 effectively can reduce their contact heat resistance each other for commaterial.Further, material of the same race can also reduce the unreliability brought of expanding with heat and contract with cold between different parts.Foamed material 3 is connected on the inwall of oscillating heat pipe 3 and radiation seed 4 in the mode of foaming.Inject between the space of foamed material 3 with the state of liquid after phase-change material 1 heats.The upper cover plate of radiation seed 4 is connected to the upside of radiation seed 4 four perisporium after solidifying by phase-change material 1 in a welding manner.
Large based on oscillating heat pipe conductive heat flow density, the features such as heat output is large.This device is particularly suited for density of heat flow rate large, the heat radiation of the device that heat dissipation capacity is large.There is the advantages such as thermal response speed is fast, temperature-controlled precision is high, lightweight.
Claims (2)
1. one kind responds heat radiation energy storage device fast, it is characterized in that, it comprises phase-change material (1), foamed material (2), oscillating heat pipe (3) and radiation seed (4), oscillating heat pipe (3) is arranged on radiation seed inside, for organizing closed serpentine circuit more, often organize oscillating heat pipe and comprise bringing-up section and cooling section, inside the base plate being connected to radiation seed (4) bottom described bringing-up section in a welding manner, foamed material (2) is arranged on radiation seed inside, and be connected on the outer wall of oscillating heat pipe (3) and the inwall of radiation seed (4) by foam pattern, phase-change material (1) pours in radiation seed (4) with liquid condition, be filled in the inwall of radiation seed (4), between foamed material (2) and oscillating heat pipe (3),
Oscillating heat pipe (3) and radiation seed (4) are aluminium material, and foamed material (2) is aluminum foam; Phase-change material (1) is hexadecane;
After phase-change material (1) cooling solidification, the upper cover plate of radiation seed (4) is connected to the upper end of radiation seed (4) in a welding manner, makes radiation seed (4) become the cavity closed with external environment;
When instrument works, radiation seed is difficult to synchronous for heat to be discharged into deep cooling space, and not releasable instrument caloric value is stored in phase-change material in the mode of phase transformation; When instrument does not work, phase-change material, to solidify the mode heating instrument of heat release, makes the temperature of instrument remain within the scope of control temperature; Meanwhile, phase-change material passes through radiation seed outer wall to space heat release, cold required when storing apparatus works next time;
The direction of fiber during foamed material (2) foaming is parallel to the base plate plane of radiation seed (4);
The coating that outside four perisporiums of radiation seed (4) and upside outer surface spraying absorptivity-emissivity ratio is low.
2. one kind responds heat radiation energy storage device fast, it is characterized in that, it comprises phase-change material (1), foamed material (2), oscillating heat pipe (3) and radiation seed (4), oscillating heat pipe (3) is arranged on radiation seed inside, for organizing closed serpentine circuit more, often organize oscillating heat pipe and comprise bringing-up section and cooling section, inside the base plate being connected to radiation seed (4) bottom described bringing-up section in a welding manner, foamed material (2) is arranged on radiation seed inside, and be connected on the outer wall of oscillating heat pipe (3) and the inwall of radiation seed (4) by foam pattern, phase-change material (1) pours in radiation seed (4) with liquid condition, be filled in the inwall of radiation seed (4), between foamed material (2) and oscillating heat pipe (3),
Oscillating heat pipe (3) and radiation seed (4) are aluminium material, and foamed material (2) is graphite foam or carbon foams; Phase-change material (1) is hexadecane;
After phase-change material (1) cooling solidification, the upper cover plate of radiation seed (4) is connected to the upper end of radiation seed (4) in a welding manner, makes radiation seed (4) become the cavity closed with external environment;
When instrument works, radiation seed is difficult to synchronous for heat to be discharged into deep cooling space, and not releasable instrument caloric value is stored in phase-change material in the mode of phase transformation; When instrument does not work, phase-change material, to solidify the mode heating instrument of heat release, makes the temperature of instrument remain within the scope of control temperature; Meanwhile, phase-change material passes through radiation seed outer wall to space heat release, cold required when storing apparatus works next time;
The direction of fiber during foamed material (2) foaming is parallel to the base plate plane of radiation seed (4);
The coating that outside four perisporiums of radiation seed (4) and upside outer surface spraying absorptivity-emissivity ratio is low.
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| CN201110362451.6A CN102497764B (en) | 2011-11-15 | 2011-11-15 | A kind of heat radiation of response fast energy storage device |
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| CN201110362451.6A CN102497764B (en) | 2011-11-15 | 2011-11-15 | A kind of heat radiation of response fast energy storage device |
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| CN102497764B true CN102497764B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103256841B (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2016-05-11 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | A kind of energy storage heat abstractor |
| CN103269571B (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2016-04-20 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | A kind of energy storage of response fast heating panel |
| CN105246299A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-13 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Heat radiation energy storage device |
| CN105431003B (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2018-05-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Continuous phase transistion is heat sink thermal control units |
| CN105611807A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-05-25 | 清华大学 | Integrated heat sink based on metal phase-change material and heat pipes |
| CN109972490B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2021-07-20 | 西南交通建设集团股份有限公司 | Box girder automatic temperature control drape over one's shoulders with phase transition heat absorption and radiation cooling function |
| US11045912B2 (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2021-06-29 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Method of fabricating an oscillating heat pipe |
| CN111918526A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-10 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Heat transfer device suitable for equipment group for space |
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| CN1916550A (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2007-02-21 | 西安交通大学 | Tube type heat exchanger |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1916550A (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2007-02-21 | 西安交通大学 | Tube type heat exchanger |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 振荡热管的研究现状与应用前景;郑立秋 等;《吉林建筑工程学院学报》;20100228;第27卷(第1期);第62-63页 * |
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Application publication date: 20120613 Assignee: Shanghai Lizheng Satellite Application Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Shanghai Satellite Engineering Research Institute Contract record no.: 2014310000036 Denomination of invention: Quick-response heat dissipating and energy storing device License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20140227 |
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