CN102494904B - High-speed train model accelerating device driven based on compressed gas - Google Patents
High-speed train model accelerating device driven based on compressed gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN102494904B CN102494904B CN2011103988086A CN201110398808A CN102494904B CN 102494904 B CN102494904 B CN 102494904B CN 2011103988086 A CN2011103988086 A CN 2011103988086A CN 201110398808 A CN201110398808 A CN 201110398808A CN 102494904 B CN102494904 B CN 102494904B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-speed train model accelerating device driven based on compressed gas, comprising an experiment rail and a trailer rail which are arranged in parallel, wherein an appropriate spacing is formed between the experiment rail and the trailer rail; the experiment rail is used for operating a train model and the trailer rail is used for operating a trailer capable of pushing the train model to operate; and the trailer is dragged to be accelerated by a piston mechanism. Compared with the existing train model accelerating method, the train model accelerating device provided by the invention is applicable to accelerating the train model with the weight of tens of kilograms to a speed which is more than 300 kilograms/hour, and the appearance of a train is free of all limitations.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pressure gas (air, nitrogen or other nontoxic non-combustible gas) that utilizes larger, the larger-size High Speed Train Models of quality is accelerated to the accelerator with the equal or higher speed of bullet train travelling speed in short distance.
Background technology
Along with bullet train (more than speed per hour 270 kms) operation worldwide, one of key device of High-speed Train operation is high-speed rain movable model type experimental provision.The primary structure of this device is divided into three parts: the deceleration recovery section of the accelerating part of High Speed Train Models, the part of detecting of train model and train model.The accelerating part of High Speed Train Models is to adopt the desired speed of experiment that someway train model accelerated in certain distance; Then train model enters at a high speed test zone, completes relevant various tests in its operational process; Last train model enters the recovery deceleration part and progressively slows down until stop motion fully.
The key of high-speed rain movable model type experimental provision is the speed technology of train model.Different accelerated methods are not only determining size, structure and the weight of accelerated train model, and also there are various concrete restrictions and requirement the while to deceleration and the recovery of train model.Adopt reasonably effectively accelerated method be realize train model can there are different aerodynamic appearance, can have larger quality and contracting than size, can realize the basis that safety and nondestructive reclaims.
Domestic and international existing train moving die type experimental provision is respectively to adopt two class speed technologies that train model is accelerated to desired speed at present.A kind of is to accelerate the train model with running block with elasticity cable, utilizes running block can make train model speed reach the several times of elasticity cable end movement speed here.This speed technology is applicable to quality greatly and the acceleration of the larger train model of physical dimension.The overall dimensions of like this, accelerated train model can the real simulation train the aerodynamics external form.The accelerated mode of this train model rotates because the dragrope of tractor-trailer train model will enter band travelling block in running block, and whole running block is moved thereupon.Like this along with the rising of movement velocity, velocity of rotation and the rotational energy of pulley (for example: if realize the speed of 360 kilometers of speed per hours strengthens thereupon, the rotating speed of the pulley per minute that diameter is 0.1 meter is up to 19108 rev/mins), the loss of various friction force and mechanical energy increases sharply, on the other hand, due to the raising along with speed, the energy that partial is larger is launched in requirement, the corresponding material requirements of launching has larger quality, therefore the model car that this accelerated method only limits in low speed train moving die type experimental provision accelerates, general speed is no more than 300 kilometers/hour.
The speed technology of another kind of train model is that the train model that utilizes pressure gas will be placed in accelerating tube emits.Although this technology can accelerate to the speed more than 300 kilometers/hour to train model, following various shortcomings make this speed technology can not be applied to have the train model accelerator of larger physical dimension.The first, because train model is launched in accelerating tube, overall dimensions and the version of train strictly are limited.When the size of train model increases, the bore of power valve increases thereupon, and the construction cost of experimental provision increases greatly.The second,, need to slow down and reclaim by after test section due to train model, the train model of this version is because the restriction of version can not effectively be slowed down and reclaim at the recovery braking section.The 3rd, when train model is wanted figurate aerodynamics external form, pressure gas in accelerating tube and the isolation of train model and sealing become an awkward problem: if utilize the end of train model to be sealed, corresponding train model aerodynamics external form is destroyed; If utilize piston to be sealed, after the train model emission, piston is a stubborn problem in the deceleration of accelerating sections.The 4th, know from experience the experiment test of severe jamming train model at experimental section from the compressed gas of accelerating tube, although can eliminate the interference of this high pressure draught to experimental section with large-scale cavity, the use of cavity has limited the expansion of two-way train model experimental work of splitting.The 5th, in this train accelerator, can not the pantograph model be installed on the top of train model.Like this, this speed technology only limits to train model and has quite little profile and quality, and only limits to unidirectional train moving die type experimental provision.
Along with developing rapidly of High Speed Train in China industry, in setting up high-speed rain movable model type experimental provision, need truly feasible, effectively, can accelerate to the speed technology more than 300 kilometers/hour to the High Speed Train Models with larger physical dimension and larger quality.
Summary of the invention
The problem existed for prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of High Speed Train Models accelerator based on compressed gas-driven, can accelerate to the speed more than 300 kilometers/hour to the High Speed Train Models with larger physical dimension and larger quality and can make train model there is different contour structures and can hang pantograph and be tested.
A kind of High Speed Train Models accelerator based on compressed gas-driven of the present invention comprises: experiment track and the carriage track be arranged in parallel with the suitable spacing of described experiment orbital spacing, the experiment track is for the running train model, carriage track can push away the trailer of described train model operation for operation, and described trailer accelerates by a piston mechanism traction.
Preferably, described piston mechanism comprises: pipeline is connected with described trailer by a dragrope with the piston be arranged in pipeline, described piston; Described pipeline comprises acceleration pipeline section and deceleration pipeline section, on described acceleration pipeline section, offers the entrance that pressure gas enters, and is provided with more than one Leakage Gas hole at the top of described deceleration pipeline section.
Preferably, described experiment track comprises: accelerating sections, experimental section and braking section, and the position that described carriage track is corresponding with described test section is provided with the trailer reduction gear, and the position that described experiment track is corresponding with described braking section is provided with the train model reduction gear.
Accelerator of the present invention has than the advantage of other accelerators: 1. in whole accelerating structure, motion parts is owing to not using rotating element to only have the rectilinear motion element, make the movement velocity of train model can be greatly, experimental result shows that the movement velocity of piston can be up to 600 kilometers/hour; 2. no matter be at boost phase or in the experimental phase, due to train model self-movement on the experiment track, its structure is unrestricted, therefore can have various profile and inner structure, and can hang pantograph; 3. due to train model and accelerating part, be separated from each other, the original pressure that improves pressure gas can improve the driving force of system, therefore, this accelerated method can be larger quality train model accelerate to higher speed, for example adopt the acceleration pipeline of suitable dimension and the acceleration distance of tens of meters, the train model that can be quality 100 kilograms accelerates to more than 500 kilometers/hour.
In a word, with current existing train model accelerated method, compare, the train model accelerator that the present invention adopts, be applicable to the train model of tens of kilograms of weighing is accelerated to the speed more than 300 kilometers/hour, and its train shape is unrestricted.This accelerator provides technical foundation for the expansion of high-speed rain movable model type experimental work.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is high-speed rain movable model type experimental provision vertical view;
Fig. 2 is high-speed rain movable model type experimental provision front elevation.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, specifically describe embodiments of the invention.Shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is vertical view and the front elevation of high-speed rain movable model type experimental provision of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, 2, the present invention includes: experiment track 1 and the carriage track 2 be arranged in parallel with the experiment track 1 suitable spacing in interval, in embodiments of the present invention, experiment track 1 is positioned at the top of carriage track 2, certainly, can be bottom or the two horizontal parallel setting of 1 setting of experiment track and carriage track 2.Experiment track 1 is for running train model 3, and carriage track 2 can push away the trailer 4 of train model 3 operations for operation, and trailer 4 accelerates by piston mechanism 5 tractions.
As shown in Figure 1, piston mechanism 5 specifically comprises: pipeline 51 is connected with trailer 4 by a dragrope 53 with the piston 52 be arranged in pipeline 51, piston 52; Pipeline 51 comprises acceleration pipeline section 511 and deceleration pipeline section 512, accelerating to offer the entrance 54 that pressure gas enters on pipeline section 511, is provided with more than one Leakage Gas hole 55 at the top of deceleration pipeline section 512.
Total in the embodiment of the present invention, experiment track 1 comprises: accelerating sections 11, experimental section 12 and braking section 13, the position that carriage track 2 is corresponding with test section 12 is provided with trailer reduction gear 6, for making trailer 4 slow down after trailer 4 accelerates to train model 3 predetermined speed and enters into test section 12, so that trailer 4 and train model be separated, thereby make the predetermined speed of train 3 enter into test section 12.Experiment track 1 position corresponding with braking section 13 is provided with train model reduction gear 7, after the walking operation that completes experimental section 12 when train model 3, train model 3 slowed down.
Pressure gas from air bubble or other device enters from entrance 54 space that the piston 52 shown in Fig. 1 will speed up pipeline section 511 sealings suddenly, in embodiments of the present invention, the hole diameter that dragrope 53 passes through is less about 10 times than the diameter of piston 52, also can utilize other sealing technique, further reduce the gas leakage characteristic of this aperture.Because the pressure of pressure gas is greater than atmospheric pressure, the pressure differential at piston 52 two ends forces piston 52 to do forward accelerated motion.In piston 52 accelerators, piston 52 travels forward together by dragrope 53 breakdown trailers 4.In motion process, trailer 4 is again by dragging or the utilization forward together of the moving train model 3 of drawstring.Dragrope 53 will have the little elasticity of trying one's best, and the sealing of piston 52 and acceleration pipeline section 511 also will be tried one's best.When piston 52 motions, after bleeder port 55, the pressure gas after piston 52 releases by bleeder port 55, and piston 52 no longer obtains the thrust of pressure gas as far as possible, and accelerator finishes.Trailer 4 enters trailer reduction gear 6 thereupon.Conversely, in the moderating process of trailer 4, trailer 4 progressively slows down piston 52 by dragrope 53.When trailer 4 starts to do retarded motion, train model 3 is being tested on track 1 because inertia continues to do forward approximate uniform motion (friction force of train model 3 and experiment track 1 is very little with respect to the moment of inertia of train) here.Like this, trailer 4 and train model 3 automatic trips from, train model 3 enters experimental section 12, can carry out various relevant tests.Finally, train model 3 by experiment the section 12 after, enter braking section 13, speed progressively reduces, until static.
According to the above-mentioned course of work, principal feature and the parameter of concrete structure of the present invention are as follows:
A) in whole device, have and distribute up and down and parallel double-layer track: bottom is carriage track 2, top is experiment track 1, wherein to be more than or equal to be to accelerate pipeline section 511 and deceleration pipeline section 512 length sums to the length of carriage track 2, guarantee that like this trailer 4 is in acceleration and moderating process, piston 52 motion in pipe all the time.
B), in whole device, the length apart from sum, the length sum of accelerating pipeline section 511 and deceleration pipeline section 512 and dragrope 53 thereof of the acceleration distance of trailer 4 and trailer reduction gear 6 is substantially equal.Because this length has determined the length of acceleration and deceleration distances.
C) in whole device, the length of trailer 4 acceleration distances equals to accelerate the length of pipeline section 511, and the length of deceleration pipeline section 512 equals the length of trailer reduction gear 6.Guarantee that like this piston 52 is through bleeder port 55, and trailer 4 enters trailer reduction gear 6 when the accelerator of trailer 4 finishes.
D) kinetic energy that train model 3 obtains depends on following a plurality of factor: the friction that the quality of the friction that the quality of train model 3, train model 3 and experiment track are 1, the length of acceleration distance, the original pressure of pressure gas, the diameter that accelerates pipeline section 511, trailer 4, trailer 4 and carriage track are 2, the pressure of pressure gas over time, quality, the piston 52 of the quality of dragrope 53, piston 52 and accelerate the sealing characteristics between pipeline section 511, it is relevant that pressure gas enters the angle of accelerating pipeline section 511 etc.Optimizing the quality of these structure members can utilize the pressure gas of low initial pressure to make train model 3 obtain larger kinetic energy.
In the present embodiment, the diameter of acceleration, deceleration pipeline section is 110mm, and the length of accelerating pipeline section 511 is 40 meters, and the length of deceleration pipeline section 512 is also 40 meters, and corresponding trailer 4 acceleration distances and the length of deceleration distance are also 40 meters.The diameter that accelerates aperture pipeline section 511, that pass through for dragrope 53 is 10mm, and the diameter of dragrope 53 is also 10mm.The weight of piston 52 is 2kg, and the quality of dragrope 53 is 2.8kg, and the weight of trailer 4 is 5kg, and the quality of train model 3 is 10kg.Trailer 4 promotes the protrusion at train model 3 middle parts for train model 3 provides the protrusion that the mode of power is trailer 4 tops, and after guaranteeing that like this trailer enters deceleration, train model 3 continues at the uniform velocity to advance to make both natural separation.
Pressure gas comes from an about 0.28m of volume
3Air bubble, the pressure that the release of pressure gas adopts solenoid valve to reduce rapidly the large piston air chamber of air bubble is realized.The maximum inflation pressure of air bubble can be up to the atmospheric pressure more than 50.
Enter trailer 4 complete accelerate after, enter trailer reduction gear 6 before, utilize the light occlusion method to measure the speed of trailer 4 and train model 3.In the situation that only have trailer 4, do not have under the two states of drawbar train model 3 and trailer 4 drawbar train models 3, the result of implementation obtained is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 result of implementation
Claims (2)
1. the High Speed Train Models accelerator based on compressed gas-driven, it is characterized in that, comprise: experiment track and the carriage track be arranged in parallel with the suitable spacing of described experiment orbital spacing, the experiment track is for the running train model, carriage track can push away the trailer of described train model operation for operation, and described trailer accelerates by a piston mechanism traction;
Described piston mechanism comprises: pipeline is connected with described trailer by a dragrope with the piston be arranged in pipeline, described piston; Described pipeline comprises acceleration pipeline section and deceleration pipeline section, on described acceleration pipeline section, offers the entrance that pressure gas enters, and is provided with more than one Leakage Gas hole at the top of described deceleration pipeline section.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described experiment track comprises: accelerating sections, experimental section and braking section, the position that described carriage track is corresponding with described test section is provided with the trailer reduction gear, and the position that described experiment track is corresponding with described braking section is provided with the train model reduction gear.
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| CN102967474B (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2015-10-07 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of High Speed Train Models experiment porch |
| CN110470492B (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-01-01 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Dynamic model experimental device and trailer pneumatic acceleration and deceleration method |
| CN111735605B (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2021-09-28 | 中南大学 | High-speed train dynamic model test system |
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| CN101430250A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2009-05-13 | 中南大学 | Transient state accelerator for train pneumatic performance simulation moving model experiment |
| CN101441137A (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2009-05-27 | 中南大学 | Brake method and brake device of train pneumatic performance simulation dynamic model trial |
| CN101476986A (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2009-07-08 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Movable model experiment system for high-speed train |
| CN101498622A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2009-08-05 | 中南大学 | Simulated moving model experiment method and apparatus for aerodynamic performance of train |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101430250A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2009-05-13 | 中南大学 | Transient state accelerator for train pneumatic performance simulation moving model experiment |
| CN101498622A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2009-08-05 | 中南大学 | Simulated moving model experiment method and apparatus for aerodynamic performance of train |
| CN101441137A (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2009-05-27 | 中南大学 | Brake method and brake device of train pneumatic performance simulation dynamic model trial |
| CN101476986A (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2009-07-08 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Movable model experiment system for high-speed train |
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