CN102494904A - High-speed train model accelerating device driven based on compressed gas - Google Patents
High-speed train model accelerating device driven based on compressed gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN102494904A CN102494904A CN2011103988086A CN201110398808A CN102494904A CN 102494904 A CN102494904 A CN 102494904A CN 2011103988086 A CN2011103988086 A CN 2011103988086A CN 201110398808 A CN201110398808 A CN 201110398808A CN 102494904 A CN102494904 A CN 102494904A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-speed train model accelerating device driven based on compressed gas, comprising an experiment rail and a trailer rail which are arranged in parallel, wherein an appropriate spacing is formed between the experiment rail and the trailer rail; the experiment rail is used for operating a train model and the trailer rail is used for operating a trailer capable of pushing the train model to operate; and the trailer is dragged to be accelerated by a piston mechanism. Compared with the existing train model accelerating method, the train model accelerating device provided by the invention is applicable to accelerating the train model with the weight of tens of kilograms to a speed which is more than 300 kilograms/hour, and the appearance of a train is free of all limitations.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pressure gas (air, nitrogen or other nontoxic non-combustible gas) that utilizes bigger, the larger-size bullet train model of quality is accelerated to the accelerator with the equal or higher speed of bullet train travelling speed in short distance.
Background technology
Along with bullet train (more than speed per hour 270 kms) operation worldwide, one of key device of research bullet train operation is a high-speed rain movable model type experimental provision.The primary structure of this device is divided into three parts: the deceleration recovery section of the accelerating part of bullet train model, the part of detecting of train model and train model.The accelerating part of bullet train model is to adopt someway train model is accelerated to the desired speed of experiment in certain distance; Train model gets into test zone at a high speed then, in its operational process, accomplishes relevant various tests; Last train model gets into the recovery deceleration part and progressively slows down until complete stop motion.
The key of high-speed rain movable model type experimental provision is the speed technology of train model.Size, structure and the weight of the train model that different accelerated methods are not only determining to be accelerated also have various concrete restrictions and requirement to the deceleration and the recovery of train model simultaneously.Adopting reasonably effectively accelerated method is to realize that train model can have different aerodynamic appearance, can have bigger quality and contract than size, can realize the basis that safety and nondestructive reclaims.
Domestic and international existing train moving die type experimental provision is respectively to adopt two types of speed technologies that train model is accelerated to desired speed at present.A kind of train model that is to use elasticity cable to quicken to have running block utilizes running block can make train model speed reach the several times of the terminal movement velocity of elasticity cable here.This speed technology is applicable to the big and physical dimension acceleration of train model greatly of quality.The overall dimensions of the train model that is accelerated like this, can the real simulation train the aerodynamics external form.The accelerated mode of this train model drives pulley rotating because the dragrope of tractor-trailer train model will get in the running block, and whole running block is moved thereupon.Like this along with the rising of movement velocity; The velocity of rotation and the rotational energy of pulley strengthens (for example: if realize the speed of 360 kilometers of speed per hours, diameter is that 0.1 meter the rotating speed of pulley per minute is up to 19108 rev/mins) thereupon, and the loss of various friction force and mechanical energy increases sharply; On the other hand; Because along with the raising of speed, require to launch the bigger energy of part accumulation, the corresponding material requirements of launching has bigger quality; Therefore this accelerated method only limits to the model car acceleration in the low speed train moving die type experimental provision, and general speed is no more than 300 kilometers/hour.
The speed technology of another kind of train model is that the train model that utilizes pressure gas will be placed in the accelerating tube emits.Although this technology can accelerate to the speed more than 300 kilometers/hour to train model, following various shortcomings make this speed technology can not be applied to have the train model accelerator of big physical dimension.The first, because train model is launched in accelerating tube, the overall dimensions of train and version strictness are limited.When the size of train model increased, the bore of power valve increased thereupon, and the construction cost of experimental provision increases greatly.The second because train model needs to slow down and reclaims through behind the test section, the train model of this version since the restriction of version can not effectively slow down and reclaim reclaiming braking section.The 3rd; When train model is wanted figurate aerodynamics external form; The pressure gas in the accelerating tube and the isolation of train model become an awkward problem with sealing: if utilize the end of train model to seal, corresponding train model aerodynamics external form is destroyed; If utilize piston to seal, after the train model emission, piston is a stubborn problem in the deceleration of accelerating sections.The 4th; Know from experience the serious experiment test that disturbs train model at experimental section from the compressed gas of accelerating tube; Although can eliminate the interference of this high pressure draught to experimental section with large-scale cavity, the use of cavity has limited the expansion of two-way train model experimental work of splitting.The 5th, in this train accelerator, can not the pantograph model be installed on the top of train model.Like this, this speed technology only limits to train model and has quite little profile and quality, and only limits to unidirectional train moving die type experimental provision.
Along with developing rapidly of High Speed Train in China industry, in setting up high-speed rain movable model type experimental provision, need truly feasible, effectively, can accelerate to the speed technology more than 300 kilometers/hour to bullet train model with big physical dimension and big quality.
Summary of the invention
Problem to the prior art existence; The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of bullet train model accelerator, can accelerate to bullet train model speed more than 300 kilometers/hour and can make train model have different contour structures and can hang pantograph and experimentize with big physical dimension and big quality based on compressed gas-driven.
A kind of bullet train model accelerator based on compressed gas-driven of the present invention comprises: experiment track and the carriage track that laterally arranges with the suitable spacing of said experiment orbital spacing; The experiment track is used for the running train model; Carriage track is used to move the trailer that can push away said train model operation, and said trailer quickens through piston mechanism traction.
Preferably, said piston mechanism comprises: pipeline links to each other with said trailer through a dragrope with the piston that is arranged in the pipeline, said piston; Said pipeline comprises acceleration pipeline section and deceleration pipeline section, on said acceleration pipeline section, offers the inlet that pressure gas gets into, and is provided with more than one gas leak at the top of said deceleration pipeline section.
Preferably, said experiment track comprises: accelerating sections, experimental section and braking section, and the position that said carriage track is corresponding with said test section is provided with the trailer reduction gear, and the position that said experiment track is corresponding with said braking section is provided with the train model reduction gear.
Accelerator of the present invention has than the advantage of other accelerators: 1. in whole accelerating structure; Motion parts is owing to not using rotating element to have only the rectilinear motion element; Make that the movement velocity of train model can be greatly, experimental result shows that the movement velocity of piston can be up to 600 kilometers/hour; 2. no matter be at boost phase or in the experimental phase, because train model self-movement on the experiment track, its structure does not receive any restriction, therefore can have various profile and inner structure, and can hang pantograph; 3. since train model and accelerating part be separated from each other; The original pressure that improves pressure gas can improve the driving force of system; Therefore; This accelerated method can accelerate to higher speed to the bigger train model of quality, for example adopts the acceleration pipeline of suitable dimension and tens of meters acceleration distance, can be quality that 100 kilograms train model accelerates to more than 500 kilometers/hour.
In a word, compare with present existing train model accelerated method, the train model accelerator that the present invention adopts be applicable to tens of kilograms the train model of weighing is accelerated to the speed more than 300 kilometers/hour, and its train profile does not receive any restriction.This accelerator is that the expansion of high-speed rain movable model type experimental work provides technical foundation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a high-speed rain movable model type experimental provision vertical view;
Fig. 2 is a high-speed rain movable model type experimental provision front elevation.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, specifically describe embodiments of the invention below.Illustrated in figures 1 and 2 is the vertical view and the front elevation of high-speed rain movable model type experimental provision of the present invention.Like Fig. 1, shown in 2; The present invention includes: experiment track 1 and the carriage track 2 that laterally arranges with experiment track 1 at interval suitable spacing; In embodiments of the present invention; Experiment track 1 is positioned at the top of carriage track 2, certainly, can be bottom or the two horizontal parallel setting of 1 setting of experiment track and carriage track 2.Experiment track 1 is used for running train model 3, and carriage track 2 is used to move the trailer 4 that can push away train model 3 operations, and trailer 4 quickens through a piston mechanism 5 tractions.
As shown in Figure 1, piston mechanism 5 specifically comprises: pipeline 51 links to each other with trailer 4 through a dragrope 53 with the piston 52 that is arranged in the pipeline 51, piston 52; Pipeline 51 comprises acceleration pipeline section 511 and deceleration pipeline section 512, quickening to offer the inlet 54 that pressure gas gets on the pipeline section 511, is provided with more than one gas leak 55 at the top of deceleration pipeline section 512.
Total in the embodiment of the invention; Experiment track 1 comprises: accelerating sections 11, experimental section 12 and braking section 13; Carriage track 2 is provided with trailer reduction gear 6 with test section 12 corresponding positions; Be used for after trailer 4 accelerates to train model 3 predetermined speed and enters into test section 12, making trailer 4 to slow down,, thereby make the predetermined speed of train 3 enter into test section 12 so that trailer 4 is separated with train model.Experiment track 1 is provided with train model reduction gear 7 with braking section 13 corresponding positions, is used for after train model 3 is accomplished the walking operation of experimental section 12, train model 3 being slowed down.
From enter the mouth 54 entering shown in Figure 1 piston 52 will speed up the space of pipeline section 511 sealings suddenly from the pressure gas of air bubble or other device; In embodiments of the present invention; The hole diameter that dragrope 53 passes through is littler about 10 times than the diameter of piston 52; Also can utilize other sealing technique, further reduce the gas leakage characteristic of this aperture.Because the pressure of pressure gas is greater than atmospheric pressure, the pressure differential at piston 52 two ends forces piston 52 to do accelerated motion forward.In piston 52 accelerators, piston 52 travels forward through dragrope 53 breakdown trailers 4 together.In motion process, trailer 4 is again through dragging or the utilization forward together of the moving train model 3 of drawstring.Dragrope 53 will have the little elasticity of trying one's best, and piston 52 also will be tried one's best with the sealing of quickening pipeline section 511.Behind piston 52 motion process bleeder ports 55, the pressure gas behind the piston 52 releases through bleeder port 55, and piston 52 no longer obtains the thrust of pressure gas as far as possible, and accelerator finishes.Trailer 4 gets into trailer reduction gear 6 thereupon.Conversely, in the moderating process of trailer 4, trailer 4 progressively slows down piston 52 through dragrope 53.When trailer 4 began to do retarded motion, train model 3 was being tested on the track 1 because inertia continues to do forward approximate uniform motion (train model 3 is very little with respect to the moment of inertia of train with the friction force of experiment track 1) here.Like this, trailer 4 breaks away from train model 3 automatically, and train model 3 gets into experimental section 12, can carry out various relevant tests.At last, train model 3 gets into braking section 13 through behind the experimental section 12, and speed progressively reduces, until static.
According to the above-mentioned course of work, the principal feature and the parameter of concrete structure of the present invention are following:
A) in the whole device; Have and distribute up and down and parallel double-deck track: the bottom is a carriage track 2; Top is experiment track 1; Wherein the length of carriage track 2 guarantees trailer 4 in acceleration and moderating process like this more than or equal to being to quicken pipeline section 511 and deceleration pipeline section 512 length sums, piston 52 motion in pipe all the time.
B) in the whole device, the length apart from sum, the length sum of quickening pipeline section 511 and deceleration pipeline section 512 and dragrope 53 thereof of the acceleration distance of trailer 4 and trailer reduction gear 6 is equal basically.Because this length has determined the length of acceleration and deceleration distances.
C) in the whole device, the length of trailer 4 acceleration distances equals to quicken the length of pipeline section 511, and the length of deceleration pipeline section 512 equals the length of trailer reduction gear 6.Guarantee like this that when the accelerator of trailer 4 finishes piston 52 is through bleeder port 55, and trailer 4 gets into trailer reduction gear 6.
D) kinetic energy that obtains of train model 3 depends on following a plurality of factor: the friction that the quality of the friction that the quality of train model 3, train model 3 and experiment track are 1, the length of acceleration distance, the original pressure of pressure gas, the diameter that quickens pipeline section 511, trailer 4, trailer 4 and carriage track are 2, the pressure of pressure gas over time, quality, the piston 52 of the quality of dragrope 53, piston 52 and quicken the sealing characteristics between the pipeline section 511, it is relevant that pressure gas gets into the angle of quickening pipeline section 511 etc.Optimizing the quality of these structure members can utilize the pressure gas of low initial pressure to make train model 3 obtain bigger kinetic energy.
In the present embodiment, the diameter of acceleration, deceleration pipeline section is 110mm, and the length of quickening pipeline section 511 is 40 meters, and the length of deceleration pipeline section 512 also is 40 meters, and corresponding trailer 4 acceleration distances and the length of deceleration distance also are 40 meters.The diameter that quickens aperture pipeline section 511, that confession dragrope 53 passes through is 10mm, and the diameter of dragrope 53 also is 10mm.The weight of piston 52 is 2kg, and the quality of dragrope 53 is 2.8kg, and the weight of trailer 4 is 5kg, and the quality of train model 3 is 10kg.Trailer 4 is that the protrusion on trailer 4 tops promotes the protrusion at train model 3 middle parts for train model 3 provides the mode of power, guarantee like this trailer get into slow down after, train model 3 continues at the uniform velocity to advance to make both natural separation.
Pressure gas comes from an about 0.28m of volume
3Air bubble, the pressure that the release of pressure gas adopts solenoid valve to reduce air bubble big piston air chamber is rapidly realized.The maximum inflation pressure of air bubble can be up to the atmospheric pressure more than 50.
Before getting into trailer 4 completion acceleration backs, getting into trailer reduction gear 6, utilize the light occlusion method to measure the speed of trailer 4 and train model 3.Having only trailer 4, do not having under the situation of drawbar train model 3 and under the two states of trailer 4 drawbar train models 3, the result of implementation that obtains is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 result of implementation
Claims (3)
1. bullet train model accelerator based on compressed gas-driven; It is characterized in that; Comprise: experiment track and the carriage track that laterally arranges with the suitable spacing of said experiment orbital spacing; The experiment track is used for the running train model, and carriage track is used to move the trailer that can push away said train model operation, and said trailer quickens through piston mechanism traction.
2. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said piston mechanism comprises: pipeline links to each other with said trailer through a dragrope with the piston that is arranged in the pipeline, said piston; Said pipeline comprises acceleration pipeline section and deceleration pipeline section, on said acceleration pipeline section, offers the inlet that pressure gas gets into, and is provided with more than one gas leak at the top of said deceleration pipeline section.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 device; It is characterized in that; Said experiment track comprises: accelerating sections, experimental section and braking section; The position that said carriage track is corresponding with said test section is provided with the trailer reduction gear, and the position that said experiment track is corresponding with said braking section is provided with the train model reduction gear.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN102967474A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-13 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | High speed train model experiment platform |
| CN110470492A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-19 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of movable model experimental provision and trailer pneumatic acceleration and deceleration method |
| CN111735605A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-10-02 | 中南大学 | High-speed train dynamic model test system |
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| CN101441137A (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2009-05-27 | 中南大学 | Brake method and brake device of train pneumatic performance simulation dynamic model trial |
| CN101476986A (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2009-07-08 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Movable model experiment system for high-speed train |
| CN101498622A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2009-08-05 | 中南大学 | Simulated moving model experiment method and apparatus for aerodynamic performance of train |
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| CN101430250A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2009-05-13 | 中南大学 | Transient state accelerator for train pneumatic performance simulation moving model experiment |
| CN101498622A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2009-08-05 | 中南大学 | Simulated moving model experiment method and apparatus for aerodynamic performance of train |
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| CN102967474A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-13 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | High speed train model experiment platform |
| CN102967474B (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2015-10-07 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of High Speed Train Models experiment porch |
| CN110470492A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-19 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of movable model experimental provision and trailer pneumatic acceleration and deceleration method |
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| CN111735605B (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2021-09-28 | 中南大学 | High-speed train dynamic model test system |
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