CN110470492B - Dynamic model experimental device and trailer pneumatic acceleration and deceleration method - Google Patents
Dynamic model experimental device and trailer pneumatic acceleration and deceleration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110470492B CN110470492B CN201910710978.XA CN201910710978A CN110470492B CN 110470492 B CN110470492 B CN 110470492B CN 201910710978 A CN201910710978 A CN 201910710978A CN 110470492 B CN110470492 B CN 110470492B
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- trailer
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- accelerating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D57/00—Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a dynamic model experimental device, which comprises a trailer accelerating tube, a trailer decelerating tube, an air leakage port, an air inlet, a cable through hole, an injection channel, a driving piston accelerating tube, a driving piston decelerating tube and a trailer mechanism, wherein a trailer power output slit is arranged on the trailer accelerating tube; the pneumatic acceleration and deceleration method of the trailer comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a driving piston in a pipeline is accelerated to move by suddenly released compressed air, the driving piston transfers traction force to a piston type trailer in an acceleration pipe of the trailer through a traction cable, and the driving piston and the piston type trailer do accelerated motion on a power output slit of the trailer through a driving experiment model in flexible connection; after the process of accelerating is accomplished to the trailer, the separation of the automatic unhook of piston type trailer and experimental model, the flexible coupling is automatic to be shrunk on the trailer, and piston type trailer slows down through the air in the compression trailer deceleration tube, utilizes the injection channel until static or even kick-backing, effectively improves the effect that the trailer slowed down.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of dynamic model experiment tests, in particular to a dynamic model experiment device and a trailer pneumatic acceleration and deceleration method.
Background
In a high-speed train dynamic model experiment platform and similar devices, one of the most key technologies is a model acceleration technology, namely, a trailer mechanism and a model are accelerated to a certain speed by using power suddenly released from the outside through a related device (called as the trailer mechanism), then the two are separated, the model enters an experiment test, and the trailer mechanism is safely decelerated to be static by external force;
after the trailer enters the trailer deceleration section, the deceleration of the trailer, the traction cable and the drive piston is accomplished by the magnetic eddy current damping force generated by the intimate contact of the permanent magnet carried by the trailer itself and the stationary ferrous floor.
The disadvantage of this trailer mechanism deceleration principle is: firstly, the trailer needs to carry a permanent magnet with equivalent weight, and the weight of the trailer is increased; secondly, the speed of the trailer is limited by the deceleration distance of the trailer, and the trailer has the risk of collision damage after exceeding a certain speed; thirdly, after the experiment is finished, the trailer needs a pulling force larger than the magnetic eddy resistance to reset the trailer to the experiment starting position.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a dynamic model experimental device and a pneumatic acceleration and deceleration method of a trailer, and the safe deceleration of the trailer is realized by further compressing air with a certain pressure relative to the atmospheric environment in a closed pipeline by using the trailer as a piston instead of using magnetic eddy damping force generated by the relative motion of a trailer carrying magnet and a static deceleration floor.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following:
the utility model provides a dynamic model experimental apparatus, includes trailer accelerating tube, trailer deceleration tube, drive piston accelerating tube, drive piston deceleration tube and trailer mechanism, it cracks to be provided with trailer power take off on the trailer accelerating tube, be provided with disappointing mouth on the body of drive piston accelerating tube and drive piston deceleration tube junction, be provided with logical cable hole in the body of drive piston accelerating tube and trailer deceleration tube junction, be provided with the air inlet on the body that is located logical cable hole one side, just be provided with the injection passageway on the logical cable hole, trailer mechanism includes linear motion's drive piston in drive piston accelerating tube and drive piston deceleration tube to and linear motion's piston type trailer in trailer accelerating tube and trailer deceleration tube, just drive piston and piston type trailer link together through the traction cable that passes logical cable hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trailer accelerating tube length is equal to the length of the driving piston accelerating tube.
In a preferred mode of the invention, the sum of the length of the driving piston speed reducing pipe and the length of the air release section is equal to or larger than the length of the trailer speed reducing pipe.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trailer acceleration tube and the trailer deceleration tube have the same inner diameter, and the drive piston acceleration tube and the drive piston deceleration tube have the same inner diameter.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the initial position of the driving piston is in the trailer acceleration tube near the air inlet, and the initial position of the piston type trailer is at the end of the trailer acceleration tube far from the trailer deceleration tube.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the piston-type trailer has a piston-like cross-sectional profile, and the piston-type trailer can substantially seal the trailer deceleration tube.
A trailer pneumatic acceleration and deceleration method used for a dynamic model experimental device is characterized in that at the beginning, the trailer is arranged at the tail end of a trailer accelerating tube far away from a trailer decelerating tube, a model is flexibly connected to the trailer, and a driving piston is arranged at the starting position of the driving piston accelerating tube;
the air inlet continuously releases compressed air, most of the compressed air is converted into power for pushing the driving piston to do accelerated motion, and a small part of the compressed air enters the trailer deceleration tube through the injection channel at the same time, so that the driving piston is accelerated in the driving piston acceleration tube, and the trailer is driven by the traction cable to accelerate in the trailer acceleration tube;
when the driving piston enters the air release section and compressed air begins to be released outwards through the air release hole, the trailer just reaches the trailer power output slit on the trailer accelerating tube and is deviated to the tail end of the trailer decelerating tube;
the trailer and the model are then automatically separated, the model enters an experimental test, and the trailer is decelerated in the trailer deceleration tube by air in the compression tube.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, during the initial period of releasing the compressed air, the driving piston performs an accelerating motion in the accelerating tube, and the traction force of the driving piston to the trailer is transmitted to the model above the trailer through the flexible connection and the power output slot to accelerate the model.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, when the trailer just reaches the trailer power take off slit on the trailer acceleration tube, which is offset to the end of the trailer deceleration tube, the model and trailer are automatically separated due to the constraint of the trailer power take off slit, and the flexible connection structure will retract into the rearward opening chamber provided on the trailer when the trailer enters the trailer deceleration tube.
As a preferred aspect of the invention, the presence and continued release of compressed air pushes the trailer and the drive piston back a distance when the trailer is stationary.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
in the invention, firstly, the mass of the trailer mechanism can be greatly reduced; secondly, the initial pressure of air in the trailer speed reducing pipe is increased along with the increase of the system driving force, and the speed reducing effect is increased along with the increase of the system driving force, so that the piston can always safely reduce the speed under a certain condition and within a certain pressure range; thirdly, the deceleration distance of the trailer becomes no longer the main obstacle limiting the model to increase the experimental speed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic model experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic acceleration and deceleration process of a trailer used in a dynamic model experiment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 1:
1-driving a piston deceleration tube; 2-driving a piston acceleration tube; 3-a trailer speed reduction tube; 4-trailer acceleration tube; 5-an air inlet; 6-slotting of power output of the trailer; 7-an injection channel; 8-cable through hole; 9-air escape hole; 10-piston type trailer; 11-a traction cable; 12-drive the piston.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dynamic model experimental apparatus, which includes a pipe, the pipe is arranged inside the dynamic model experimental apparatus and is communicated with a cable through hole 8 and an injection channel 7, and a driving piston 12, a traction cable 11 and a trailer 10 complete acceleration and deceleration processes. One side of the cable through hole 8 and one side of the injection channel 7 are sequentially provided with a driving piston accelerating tube 2, an air leakage section with a plurality of air leakage holes 9 and a driving piston decelerating tube 1, wherein the driving piston accelerating tube, the air leakage section and the driving piston decelerating tube have the same inner diameter, and a driving piston 12 moves in the air leakage section; the other side is provided with a trailer deceleration pipe 3 and a trailer acceleration pipe 4 in sequence, the upper part of the trailer acceleration pipe 4 is provided with a slotted structure 6 for power output of the trailer 10 in the acceleration process, the two pipes have the same inner diameter, and the trailer 10 moves inside; the trailer mechanism is formed by connecting a driving piston 12, a traction cable 11 and a trailer 10; the traction cable 11 passes through the cable through hole 8; an air inlet 5 is arranged between the starting end of the driving piston accelerating tube 2 and the cable through hole 8.
The piston-type trailer 10 has a piston-shaped cross-section profile, and can basically seal the pipeline and compress the air inside the pipeline when the piston-type trailer 10 moves in the trailer deceleration tube 3;
in the acceleration section, when the trailer moves in the acceleration pipe with the trailer power output slit 6, the driving force acting on the trailer accelerates the model of the trailer obliquely above through the flexible connection and the trailer power output slit 6;
at the separation position, the flexible connection enables the model and the trailer to be automatically separated due to the constraint of the power output slit 6 end of the trailer, and the flexible connection can be contracted into a cavity which is opened backwards of the trailer during the deceleration process of the trailer;
the cable through hole 8 between the air inlet 5 and the trailer speed reducing pipe 3 has two functions:
firstly, the traction cable 11 can pass through smoothly;
secondly, a part of compressed air entering the driving piston accelerating tube 2 can enter the driving piston decelerating tube 1, the initial pressure of the trailer when entering the trailer decelerating tube to start decelerating is improved, and the deceleration force of the piston type trailer 10 is further improved.
The larger the cable through hole 8 is, the more compressed air enters the trailer speed reducing pipe 3, and the stronger the speed reducing capacity is.
On the other hand, the higher the initial pressure of the compressed air, the faster the piston-type trailer 10 moves under the traction of the driving piston 12, and the greater the deceleration capacity of the trailer deceleration tube 3.
If the cross-sectional area of the cable through-hole 8 and the injection passage is appropriate, the piston-type trailer 10 makes a backward rebound return motion due to the backward rebound force of the compressed air generated by the deceleration of the piston-type trailer 10.
The function of the injection channel is as follows:
for compressed air with a certain volume and initial pressure, when the air quantity entering the trailer deceleration pipe 3 through the injection channel 7 is increased, the safety of the safe deceleration of the trailer is improved; however, the pressure for pushing the driving piston is reduced, and the acceleration effect is reduced.
The sectional area of the injection passage is variable, so that the amount of compressed air entering the trailer deceleration tube 3 can be conveniently adjusted, and the use efficiency of the compressed air and the safety factor of the deceleration of the trailer can be reasonably adjusted.
Example 2:
the invention also provides a trailer pneumatic acceleration and deceleration method used for the dynamic model experimental device, and in the invention, the acceleration process of the trailer and the model is as follows:
a) at the beginning, the trailer is at the very beginning of the trailer's acceleration tube and the drive piston is at the beginning of the drive piston acceleration tube, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.
When the released compressed air enters the accelerating tube of the driving piston, most of the compressed air enables the driving piston to do accelerating movement forwards, and the small part of the compressed air enters the decelerating tube of the trailer so as to improve the initial pressure of the decelerating tube of the trailer.
The drive piston is accelerated in this way, the driving force of the drive piston is transferred to the trailer through the traction cable, and the trailer accelerates the model by means of the flexible connection, and the process is carried out until the drive piston enters the air leakage section with the air leakage opening.
b) When the drive piston enters the bleed section with the bleed hole, the trailer reaches the end of the slit in the trailer's acceleration tube, at which point the drive piston no longer accelerates and the trailer begins to decelerate due to the compressed air.
At the moment, the trailer performs deceleration movement and the model performs uniform motion due to inertia, and due to the difference in speed and the structure at the position, the flexible connection and the model can be automatically separated, and the flexible connection can be automatically contracted in the trailer.
The model entered the experimental section for testing and the trailer began decelerating due to the compression of air in the trailer deceleration tube until the trailer mechanism came to rest.
c) Since the compressed air entering the trailer speed reducer continues to act on the front of the trailer after the trailer is stationary, it is possible to push the trailer, the traction cable and the drive piston back a certain distance, the higher the pressure at which the trailer mechanism is stationary, the longer this back distance.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (9)
1. The dynamic model experimental device is characterized by comprising a trailer accelerating tube (4), a trailer decelerating tube (3), a driving piston accelerating tube (2), a driving piston decelerating tube (1) and a trailer mechanism, wherein the trailer accelerating tube (4) is provided with a trailer power output slot (6), a tube body at the joint of the driving piston accelerating tube (2) and the driving piston decelerating tube (1) is provided with an air leakage opening (9), a tube body at the joint of the driving piston accelerating tube (2) and the trailer decelerating tube (3) is provided with a cable through hole (8), a tube body at one side of the cable through hole (8) is provided with an air inlet (5), an injection channel (7) is arranged on the cable through hole (8), and the trailer mechanism comprises a driving piston (12) which linearly moves in the driving piston accelerating tube (2) and the driving piston decelerating tube (1), and a piston type trailer (10) linearly moving in the trailer acceleration tube (4) and the trailer deceleration tube (3), and the driving piston (12) and the piston type trailer (10) are connected together by a traction cable (11) passing through the cable through hole (8);
wherein the cross-sectional profile of the piston-type trailer (10) is piston-shaped, and the piston-type trailer (10) can substantially seal the trailer speed reducing pipe (3);
the air inlet (5) continuously releases compressed air, wherein most of the compressed air enters the driving piston accelerating tube (2), and a small part of the compressed air simultaneously enters the trailer decelerating tube (3) through the injection channel (7) and the cable through hole (8).
2. A dynamic model experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the trailer accelerating tube (4) is equal to the length of the accelerating tube of the driving piston.
3. The dynamic model experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the length of the driving piston deceleration tube (1) and the length of the air escape section is equal to or greater than the length of the trailer deceleration tube (3).
4. The dynamic model experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal diameters of the trailer accelerating tube (4) and the trailer decelerating tube (3) are the same, and the internal diameters of the driving piston accelerating tube (2) and the driving piston decelerating tube (1) are the same.
5. A dynamic model experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the initial position of the driving piston is in the driving piston accelerating tube (2) near the air inlet (5), and the initial position of the piston-type trailer (10) is at the end of the trailer accelerating tube (4) far from the trailer decelerating tube (3).
6. A method of pneumatically accelerating or decelerating a trailer for use in the dynamic model testing apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, at the start, the piston-type trailer is at the end of the trailer acceleration tube remote from the trailer deceleration tube and the model is flexibly connected to the trailer, and the driving piston is at the start of the driving piston acceleration tube;
the air inlet continuously releases compressed air, wherein most of the compressed air is used for entering the driving piston acceleration pipe to push the driving piston to move forwards in an acceleration mode, and the trailer is accelerated in the trailer acceleration pipe; a small part of compressed air enters the trailer speed reducing pipe through the injection channel and the cable through hole simultaneously, so that the air pressure in the pipe is improved;
when the driving piston enters the air leakage section, compressed air is discharged from the air leakage opening, and the trailer just reaches the trailer power output slit on the trailer accelerating tube and deviates to the tail end of the trailer decelerating tube;
the trailer and the model are then automatically separated, the model is put into experimental testing, and the trailer is put into a trailer deceleration tube to decelerate the trailer by compressing the air therein.
7. The pneumatic trailer acceleration/deceleration method of claim 6, wherein during the initial period of compressed air release, the driving piston makes an accelerating motion in the driving piston accelerating tube, and the traction force of the driving piston on the trailer is transmitted to the model above the trailer through the flexible connection and the trailer power output slit above the trailer accelerating tube to accelerate the model.
8. A method according to claim 7 wherein the form and trailer are automatically separated by restraint of the trailer power take off slit when the trailer has just reached the end of the trailer power take off slit offset from the trailer speed reducer, and the flexible connection is retracted into a rearwardly opening chamber provided in the trailer as the trailer enters the trailer speed reducer.
9. A method of pneumatic trailer acceleration or deceleration according to claim 8, characterized in that the compressed air present and continuing to be released pushes the trailer and the driving piston back a certain distance when the trailer is stationary.
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| CN201910710978.XA CN110470492B (en) | 2019-08-02 | 2019-08-02 | Dynamic model experimental device and trailer pneumatic acceleration and deceleration method |
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| CN201910710978.XA CN110470492B (en) | 2019-08-02 | 2019-08-02 | Dynamic model experimental device and trailer pneumatic acceleration and deceleration method |
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| CN110470492B true CN110470492B (en) | 2021-01-01 |
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| FR2832217B1 (en) * | 2001-11-13 | 2004-10-01 | Alstom | DEVICE FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL TESTS ON STRUCTURES |
| CN101476986B (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2010-10-13 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Movable model experiment system for high-speed train |
| CN101750219B (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-05-04 | 西南交通大学 | Train moving die experiment system |
| CN102494904B (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2013-12-04 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | High-speed train model accelerating device driven based on compressed gas |
| CN102680255B (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Springback-preventing high-speed train model accelerating device based on momentum transferring |
| CN109489999A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-03-19 | 淮阴工学院 | A kind of train pneumatic performance simulation model test apparatus and its test method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101865760A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-10-20 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Gas gun scheme experiment system of high-speed rain movable model |
| CN108956175A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-07 | 中南大学 | Train moving die type tests air boosting catapult-launching gear and test method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 高速列车动模型试验装置的新型加速方法研究;单希壮、陈巍;《大连交通大学学报》;20090831;第30卷(第4期);全文 * |
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