CN102494895B - Analyzing method for energy saving and optimization of steam turbine set of power station - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to an analyzing method for energy saving and optimization of a steam turbine set of a power station. Firstly, heat-exhaust emission of a turbine can serve as heat quantity transmission flow chains controlled and jointed by key temperature pitch points, and a generation heat-exhaust emission flow passage model of the turbine set is built; and relative parameters of chain points, namely the temperature pitch points, is measured. Secondly, according to analyzing purposes, relative parameters of the relative temperature pitch points of sets of the same kind or the relative temperature pitch points of the traditional same periods of the turbine at normal conditions are defined to be a comparison scale. Then, the actually measured relative temperature parameters of each chain point are compared with the comparison scale so as to confirm the trouble location, make a reform scheme and implement the scheme. The analyzing method for energy saving and optimization of the steam turbine set of the power station can be used for optimizing a computerization system, can carry out simplified manual analysis, can systematically and accurately diagnose position and degree of faults of a vacuum system of the steam turbine system and perform optimal scheduling integrally, and has remarkable follow-up economic and social effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of power station steam turbine group diagnosis of energy saving and optimization---steam turbine heat extraction stream link analysis method.
Background technology
Power station steam turbine steam discharge vacuum tightness is one of important indicator affecting its economy, when unit soften(ing) is serious, its safety is also formed to larger threat, thereby Steam Turbine vacuum system fault diagnosis and operation optimization are one of energy-saving and cost-reducing main directions of power station steam turbine.
Under on-line operation condition, the influence factor of Steam Turbine vacuum is more, both relevant to equipment in steam turbine island, relevant to power station peripherals again, and be subject to meteorology, the restriction of the environmental baselines such as weather, cross over steam turbine, the specialties such as water conservancy project, exist technical estrangement, conventional power-saving technology is beyond one's ability to help to this, make in technology uncertainty larger, carry out system optimization and become the local job of mutual disturbance, if the boundary condition of condenser optimization is circulation parameter constant, during to circulating water system optimization, need condenser correlation parameter constant, and these parameters constantly changed with main unit load and operation time limit in actual motion, not yet have at present and can one can avoid above-mentioned defect, the method that power station steam turbine vacuum system is diagnosed that it is carried out to global optimization scheduling.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of and analytical approach---steam turbine heat extraction stream link analysis method of optimizing energy-conservation to power station steam turbine group, adopt the inventive method, can diagnose exactly position and the degree of Steam Turbine vacuum system fault, and realize on the whole the scheduling such as its energy-conservation and optimization.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The present invention energy-conservation to power station steam turbine group and optimize analytical approach---steam turbine heat extraction stream link analysis method, the steps include:
First, weary steam turbine hot driving be can be considered to the heat conduction flow chain of being controlled and being connected by key temperatures node, set up the Steam Turbine weary hot driving flow channel model that generates electricity; Measure the correlation parameter that each chain point is also each temperature nodes, the correlation parameter of described each temperature nodes comprises: steam turbine vacuum is exhaust temperature temperature, the entrance of recirculated water, outlet temperature, and cooling tower enters tower air dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature and atmospheric pressure;
Secondly, according to analysis purpose by similar unit or the machine historical same period similar associated temperature node correlation parameter be under normal circumstances defined as comparing scale;
Then, each chain point associated temperature parameter measured reality and contrast scale are compared, to determine trouble location, thereby formulate modification scheme and implemented; Describedly relatively comprise a certain temperature, certain temperature value comparison and internodal temperature approach comparison of associated temperature to temperature or certain several temperature.
principle of the present invention is:
1. the concept of steam turbine heat extraction stream link analysis method
On the basis of extensive analysis field data, this method has built Steam Turbine heat extraction stream chain model: the operation vacuum of Steam Turbine is mainly relevant with equipment to the system such as exhaust casing, condenser, recirculated water, cooling tower (or other type of cooling), no matter how are their principle and structure, its task is identical, complete the external discharge of the weary heat of steam turbine power generation, typical detailed process comprises:
A. steam discharge condensation process, turbine discharge is condensed into saturation water by saturated vapour, and discharging the latent heat of vaporization is the weary heat of steam turbine power generation.Exhaust steam pressure is determined by exhaust temperature monodrome, P=f (ts), and steam turbine vacuum is determined by exhaust temperature;
B. condenser diabatic process, weary heat enters condensing heat-transfer pipe inside.In this process, there is a terminal temperature difference δ t, relevant to condenser status of equipment and operation conditions;
C. the endothermic process of recirculated water in condenser, weary heat makes recirculated water rise to outlet temperature t1 by temperature in t2, produces temperature rise Δ t, Δ t=t1-t2, it is determined by quantity of circulating water and Steam Turbine heat exhaust;
D. in cooling tower, recirculated water is emitted heat by convection current and mass transfer, and temperature is down to out tower water temperature t2 by entering tower water temperature t1, produces temperature drop Δ t, equates Δ t=t1-t2 with the temperature rise in condenser;
E. air absorbs heat at cooling tower, and the weary hot type that finally generates electricity enters atmosphere.In actual power engineering, go out tower circulating water temperature and enter tower air themperature t0 and have difference dt, dt=t2-t0, can be referred to as cooling tower terminal difference, dt has reflected the effect that cooling tower is brought into play in the weary hot driving process of steam turbine on a macro scale, weigh quantitatively the performance performance in cooling tower application, relevant with the configuration of cooling tower body to season.
Ignore the faint heat release of pipeline, the heat exchange amount of each detailed process is identical, and A--E forms complete series connection heat exchange link, has:
ts=t0+dt+Δt+δt
Or:
ts-t0=dt+Δt+δt
Make Δ T=ts-t0, so:
ΔT=ts-t0=dt+Δt+δt
The temperature difference is heat conducting power, and based on the roughly the same part of transfer of heat and electric weight transfer, in thermal conduction study, the temperature difference also claims temperature and pressure, be exactly total the temperature and pressure of Δ T steam turbine heat extraction.Like this, the Steam Turbine weary hot driving of generating electricity can be considered the heat conduction flow chain of being controlled and being connected by ts, t1, t2, t0 equitemperature node, has formed the weary heat flow channel pattern of complete steam turbine.
It should be noted that, because air humidity has stronger impact to the macroscopic property of actual air, so, can not directly demarcate dt with air dry-bulb temperature as t0.For the comparatively objective thermodynamic behaviour that reflects all sidedly air, the soft air character that stream chain model method synthesis contains water vapour, through technical finesse, represent surrounding air thermal parameter with equivalent reduced temperature as t0, through on probation and adjustment repeatedly, improve and determined technical scheme, carrying out in test analysis work for the actual cooling tower that puts into operation, effect is good, both facilitated qualitative analysis, can be used for again quantitative evaluation, for dilatant flow link analysis method practical ranges has been established solid foundation.
2. the core of steam turbine heat extraction stream link analysis method
The overall process at usable temp lower bound interface included thermal power plant's heat energy and exported to from generating flow process by this model, it is a skeleton simplified model, fill up the blank in this field, stream chain has formed the weary heat flow passage of complete steam turbine, vacuum control temperature t s and t0 being connected, and serve as theme with weary hot-fluid chain, is heat resistance characteristic by each device abstract, taking each segmentation temperature and pressure as controlling unit, become the sharp sword of the diagnosis of steam turbine vacuum status techniques and Optimized Operation.
The foundation of full temperature and pressure concept Δ T, mean that t0 is the foundation of s cold end system work, Δ T has comprised cooling tower terminal difference, recirculated water temperature rise, condenser terminal difference three partial contents, clear and definite three main directions improving Steam Turbine vacuum tightness, the whole and part relation that is conducive to make overall plans, obtains ideal effect.For the steam turbine admission of high parameter, Δ T amplitude is less, even if each key temperatures changes less than 1 DEG C, is also very obvious on the impact of Steam Turbine vacuum tightness, thereby therrmodynamic system is also had to direct impact, according to estimates, the every decline 1% of vacuum, Steam Turbine hear rate rises 1%, can find out the weary hot-fluid chain of steam turbine is furtherd investigate and the transformation of suiting the medicine to the illness, economic benefit is very significant, and along with the continuous expansion of generating set capacity, the effect of heat extraction stream chain is also more and more important.
See weary hot-fluid chain from the angle of heat extraction, ts is the source of temperature and pressure, is the engine that improves vacuum from the object t0 that improves unit vacuum tightness, and the corresponding reduction of each node temperature further links, also should reduce the thermal resistance of whole system, with unimpeded stream chain assisting energy-saving consumption reduction.
3. the application of steam turbine heat extraction stream link analysis method
In recent years, we are to power plant application steam turbine heat extraction stream link analysis method in Southern Hebei net,, electrical network energy-saving and cost-reducing to Steam Turbine and power station meet the kurtosis summer, optimize the aspects such as unit operation index has brought into play due effect, has produced significant follow-up economic and social benefit.Especially, when power station needs multi-specialized collaborative technological transformation, the on-the-spot matter of great urgency of the method solution, produces effects outstanding.
beneficial effect of the present invention is summarized as: the very easy to use of link analysis method flowed in steam turbine heat extraction, can carry out the application of different levels, since can be used for computer system optimization, the manual analysis that can simplify again, at this moment, without carrying out complicated heat exhaust, the isoparametric Measurement and Computation of thermal resistance, for key temperatures node analysis, a certain temperature, certain has different implications to temperature or certain several temperature anomaly, and can, to the energy-saving and cost-reducing proposition in the scene guiding scheme of further suiting the medicine to the illness, use simple effect obviously.Analyse and compare and both can apply the horizontal data between homotype unit, diagnose its weak link; Can adopt again longitudinal comparison of same unit historical data, observe its variation tendency, find the aging of part or armamentarium or worsen fault.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1. certain factory's Revamping Cooling Tower:
Certain factory's circulation is the unit system expanding, and recirculated water adopts municipal middle water, and cooling tower was gone into operation in 2007, was counter flow type natural draft cooling tower, and its drenching area is 6000 square metres, and the overall height of cooling tower is 120 meters, 10.95 meters of water distribution layer heights.
Its #2 unit vacuum constantly worsens in recent years, we have carried out test analysis to it, and choose its #1 unit as comparison sample, go out after tested two towers under the operating mode of main unit load identical (300MW), atmospheric pressure is 101.7kPa, dry-bulb temperature is 29.5 DEG C, wet-bulb temperature is 25.4 DEG C, circulating water temperature: #1 tower: 41.1 DEG C of entrances, export 31.4 DEG C, #2 tower: 41.9 DEG C, export 31.5 DEG C, its unit vacuum and exhaust temperature are respectively: #1 machine :-93.0kPa(43.13 DEG C), #2 machine :-92.6kPa (43.99 DEG C), as calculated, its condenser terminal difference is respectively: #1 machine: 2.09 DEG C, 2.03 DEG C of #2 machines, its cooling tower terminal difference is respectively: #1 machine: 11.25 DEG C, #2 machine: 11.15 DEG C, all without bigger difference, be respectively 9.7 DEG C and 10.4 DEG C and its circulating water temperature is poor, differ nearly 0.7 DEG C, in conjunction with other parameter, can basic confirmation #2 machine circulating water flow on the low side, thereby, formulate it has been carried out to water distribution system modification scheme.Through transformation, its cooling characteristics is by Ω=1.38 λ
0.640rise to Ω=1.61 λ
0.642, its unit vacuum has improved 0.7kPa, 9,460,000 yuan of year wound economic benefits.
In this case, by this method, find out rapidly, exactly failure cause, avoided Liao Gai factory to carry out large-scale blind investment to related system, obtained remarkable effect.
Embodiment 2. certain factory's recirculated water advanced treating:
Certain factory's circulation is unit system, and recirculated water adopts surface water, and unit is gone into operation in 1980 to 1994 successively.Along with surface water quality pollution level increases the weight of, its full brand-name computer group vacuum constantly worsens, and has had a strong impact on unit and has met the kurtosis summer, when serious, even needs load limit operation, and not only Shi Gai factory sustains a loss, and the safety and stability of electrical network is also constituted a threat to.
This factory has carried out preliminary analysis and processing to this, by the analysis to historical trend, find that circulating water temperature rises, condenser terminal difference increases, thereby related system is carried out to extensive work, as cooling tower desilting, condenser cleaning etc., expend a large amount of manpower and materials, produce little effect.
Rear employing this method is analyzed, and specific practice and this factory have larger different, first in a large amount of historical datas, has searched out and has entered two groups of data from the sample survey that tower air conditions is close, and wherein a certain unit data are as following table:
Other unit situation is substantially similar therewith.
Then, adopt unified benchmark (conversion air themperature) that all chain point temperature are compared, analyze data as follows:
Through data screening, effectively control contrast condition, get rid of a large amount of interference factors, meet the data analysis principle of rigorous and scientific.By the method for system, all data are combined to analysis, can be found out by example, the unit recirculated water temperature difference does not change, and has got rid of the possibility of circulation fault.Further analyze and find out, heat extraction chain point all has small size deviation compared with historical data, and (cooling tower terminal rises 1.36 DEG C, condenser terminal difference rises 2.3 DEG C), finally to find out, it is to cause that by recirculated water is dirty cooling tower and condenser exchange capability of heat decline with causing that unit vacuum condition worsens.By it is carried out to depth of round processing, thoroughly solve this chronic disease, unit vacuum-energy long-term stability is in safety, economic limit, and a year direct benefit exceedes 1,500 ten thousand yuan.
Claims (1)
1. the analytical approach to power station steam turbine group diagnosis of energy saving and optimization, is characterized in that its method step is as follows:
first, weary steam turbine hot driving be can be considered to the heat conduction flow chain of being controlled and being connected by key temperatures node, set up the Steam Turbine weary hot driving flow channel model that generates electricity; The correlation parameter that measures each chain point and be also each temperature nodes comprises: steam turbine vacuum is exhaust temperature temperature, the entrance of recirculated water, outlet temperature, and cooling tower enters tower air dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature and atmospheric pressure;
The generate electricity understanding of weary hot driving flow channel model of described heat conduction flow chain and Steam Turbine is as follows:
The operation vacuum of Steam Turbine is main relevant with equipment to exhaust casing, condenser, recirculated water, cooling tower or other type of cooling, no matter how are their principle and structure, its task is identical, completes the external discharge of the weary heat of steam turbine power generation, and typical detailed process comprises:
A. steam discharge condensation process, turbine discharge is condensed into saturation water by saturated vapour, and discharging the latent heat of vaporization is the weary heat of steam turbine power generation; Exhaust steam pressure is determined by exhaust temperature monodrome, P=f (ts), and steam turbine vacuum is determined by exhaust temperature;
B. condenser diabatic process, weary heat enters condensing heat-transfer pipe inside.In this process, there is a terminal temperature difference δ t, relevant to condenser status of equipment and operation conditions;
C. the endothermic process of recirculated water in condenser, weary heat makes recirculated water rise to outlet temperature t1 by temperature in t2, produces temperature rise Δ t, Δ t=t1-t2, it is determined by quantity of circulating water and Steam Turbine heat exhaust;
D. in cooling tower, recirculated water is emitted heat by convection current and mass transfer, and temperature is down to out tower water temperature t2 by entering tower water temperature t1, produces temperature drop Δ t, equates Δ t=t1-t2 with the temperature rise in condenser;
E. air absorbs heat at cooling tower, and the weary hot type that finally generates electricity enters atmosphere.In actual power engineering, go out tower circulating water temperature and enter tower air themperature t0 and have difference dt, dt=t2-t0, can be referred to as cooling tower terminal difference, dt has reflected the effect that cooling tower is brought into play in the weary hot driving process of steam turbine on a macro scale, weigh quantitatively the performance performance in cooling tower application, relevant with the configuration of cooling tower body to season;
Ignore the faint heat release of pipeline, the heat exchange amount of each detailed process is identical, and A--E forms complete series connection heat exchange link, has:
ts=t0+dt+Δt+δt
Or:
ts-t0=dt+Δt+δt
Make Δ T=ts-t0, so:
ΔT=ts-t0=dt+Δt+δt
The temperature difference is heat conducting power, and based on the roughly the same part of transfer of heat and electric weight transfer, total in thermal conduction study, the temperature difference also claims temperature and pressure, be exactly the temperature and pressure of Δ T steam turbine heat extraction; Like this, the Steam Turbine weary hot driving of generating electricity can be considered the heat conduction flow chain of being controlled and being connected by ts, t1, t2, t0 equitemperature node, has formed the weary heat flow channel pattern of complete steam turbine;
secondly, according to analysis purpose, the correlation parameter under normal circumstances of the associated temperature node similar historical to similar unit or the machine same period is defined as comparing scale;
Then, each chain point associated temperature parameter measured reality and contrast scale are compared, to determine fault
positionthereby, formulate modification scheme and implemented; Describedly relatively comprise a certain temperature, certain temperature value comparison and internodal temperature approach comparison of associated temperature to temperature or certain several temperature.
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| CN103530509A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2014-01-22 | 国家电网公司 | Method for analyzing energy saving ratio evaluating cogeneration unit economy |
| CN104101490B (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2017-01-25 | 国家电网公司 | Steam turbine flow steam sealing transformation effect determining method |
| CN104110671B (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2015-10-28 | 国家电网公司 | The decision method of the comprehensive upgrading effect of power station coal unit |
| CN104166794B (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2017-10-27 | 广西防城港核电有限公司 | A kind of nuclear power station condenser attribute testing acquisition analysis system |
| CN110853785B (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-08-17 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Method for analyzing output capacity fault of nuclear power pressurized water reactor unit |
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Effective date of registration: 20121225 Address after: 050091 Hebei high tech District of Shijiazhuang City Xinshi North Road, No. 86 Applicant after: Hebei Electric Power Construction & Adjustment Research Institute Applicant after: State Grid Corporation of China Applicant after: Electric Power Research Institute of Hebei Electric Power Corporation Address before: 050021 No. 238 South Sports street, Hebei, Shijiazhuang Applicant before: Hebei Electric Power Construction & Adjustment Research Institute |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |