CN102494895A - Analyzing method for energy saving and optimization of steam turbine set of power station - Google Patents
Analyzing method for energy saving and optimization of steam turbine set of power station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an analyzing method for energy saving and optimization of a steam turbine set of a power station. Firstly, heat-exhaust emission of a turbine can serve as heat quantity transmission flow chains controlled and jointed by key temperature pitch points, and a generation heat-exhaust emission flow passage model of the turbine set is built; and relative parameters of chain points, namely the temperature pitch points, is measured. Secondly, according to analyzing purposes, relative parameters of the relative temperature pitch points of sets of the same kind or the relative temperature pitch points of the traditional same periods of the turbine at normal conditions are defined to be a comparison scale. Then, the actually measured relative temperature parameters of each chain point are compared with the comparison scale so as to confirm the trouble location, make a reform scheme and implement the scheme. The analyzing method for energy saving and optimization of the steam turbine set of the power station can be used for optimizing a computerization system, can carry out simplified manual analysis, can systematically and accurately diagnose position and degree of faults of a vacuum system of the steam turbine system and perform optimal scheduling integrally, and has remarkable follow-up economic and social effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of power station steam turbine group diagnosis of energy saving and optimization---steam turbine heat extraction stream link analysis method.
Background technology
Power station steam turbine steam discharge vacuum tightness is one of important indicator that influences its economy; When the unit soften(ing) is serious its safety is also constituted bigger threat; Thereby Steam Turbine vacuum system fault diagnosis is one of energy-saving and cost-reducing main direction of power station steam turbine with operation optimization.
Under the on-line operation condition, the influence factor of Steam Turbine vacuum is more, both with the steam turbine island in equipment relevant; Relevant with power station peripherals again, and receive the restriction of environmental baselines such as meteorology, weather, cross over specialties such as steam turbine, water conservancy project; Exist technical estrangement, conventional power-saving technology is beyond one's ability to help to this, makes that uncertainty is bigger in the technology; Carry out system optimization and become the local job of mutual disturbance; Boundary condition like condenser optimization is the circulation parameter constant, then needs the condenser correlation parameter constant when circulation is optimized, and these parameters constantly changed with main unit load and operation time limit in actual motion; Do not have as yet at present and can be a kind of can avoid above-mentioned defective, the power station steam turbine vacuum system is carried out method of diagnosing what it carried out the global optimization scheduling.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention just is to provide a kind of and analytical approach---steam turbine heat extraction stream link analysis method of optimizing energy-conservation to the power station steam turbine group; Adopt the inventive method; Can diagnose the position and the degree of Steam Turbine vacuum system fault exactly, and realize scheduling such as its energy-conservation and optimization on the whole.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The present invention energy-conservation to the power station steam turbine group and optimize analytical approach---steam turbine heat extraction stream link analysis method the steps include:
At first, the weary hot driving of steam turbine can be considered the heat conduction flow chain of being controlled and being connected by the key temperatures node, set up the weary hot driving flow channel model of Steam Turbine generating; Measure the correlation parameter that each chain point also is each temperature nodes, the correlation parameter of said each temperature nodes comprises: steam turbine vacuum is the exhaust temperature temperature, the inlet of recirculated water, outlet temperature, and cooling tower advances tower air dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature and atmospheric pressure;
Secondly, confirm as the comparison scale according to the correlation parameter under the normal condition of the analysis purpose associated temperature node that similar unit or this machine historical same period is similar;
Then, each chain spot correlation temperature parameter that reality is measured compares with the contrast scale, to confirm trouble location, also implements thereby formulate modification scheme; Said a certain temperature, certain temperature value comparison and internodal temperature approach of associated temperature to temperature or certain several temperature of relatively comprising compares.
Principle of the present invention is:
1. the notion of link analysis method is flowed in the steam turbine heat extraction
On the basis of extensive analysis field data; This method has made up Steam Turbine heat extraction stream chain model: the operation vacuum of Steam Turbine is mainly relevant with equipment with exhaust casing, condenser, recirculated water, cooling tower systems such as (or other types of cooling); No matter how are their principle and structure; Its task is identical, promptly accomplishes the external discharging of the weary heat of steam turbine power generation, and typical detailed process comprises:
A. steam discharge condensation process, turbine discharge is condensed into saturation water by saturated vapour, and discharging the latent heat of vaporization is the weary heat of steam turbine power generation.Exhaust steam pressure is determined by the exhaust temperature monodrome, P=f (ts), and promptly steam turbine vacuum is determined by exhaust temperature;
B. the condenser diabatic process lacks heat and gets into condensing heat-transfer pipe inside.In this process, there is a terminal temperature difference δ t, relevant with condenser status of equipment and operation conditions;
C. the endothermic process of recirculated water in condenser, weary heat makes recirculated water rise to outlet temperature t1 by temperature in t2, produces temperature rise Δ t, Δ t=t1-t2, it is determined by quantity of circulating water and Steam Turbine heat exhaust;
D. recirculated water is emitted heat through convection current and mass transfer in the cooling tower, and temperature is reduced to out tower water temperature t2 by going into tower water temperature t1, produces temperature drop Δ t, equates Δ t=t1-t2 with temperature rise in condenser;
E. air absorbs heat at cooling tower, and the weary hot type of final generating is gone into atmosphere.In the actual power engineering; Go out the tower circulating water temperature and go into tower air themperature t0 difference dt is arranged; Dt=t2-t0 can be referred to as cooling tower terminal difference, and dt has reflected the effect that cooling tower is brought into play macroscopically in the weary hot driving process of steam turbine; Weighed the performance performance during cooling tower is used quantitatively, relevant with season with the configuration of cooling tower body.
Ignore the faint heat release of pipeline, the heat of each detailed process is identical, and A--E forms complete series connection heat exchange link, then has:
ts=t0+dt+Δt+δt
Or:
ts-t0=dt+Δt+δt
Make Δ T=ts-t0, so:
ΔT=ts-t0=dt+Δt+δt
The temperature difference is heat conducting power, and based on the roughly the same part of transfer of heat and electric weight transfer, the temperature difference is also claimed temperature and pressure in the thermal conduction study, be exactly total the temperature and pressure of Δ T steam turbine heat extraction.Like this, the weary hot driving of Steam Turbine generating promptly can be considered the heat conduction flow chain of being controlled and being connected by ts, t1, t2, t0 equitemperature node, has constituted the weary heat flow channel pattern of complete steam turbine.
What need to specify is, because air humidity has stronger influence to the macroscopic property of actual air, so, can not directly demarcate dt as t0 with air dry-bulb temperature.For the comparatively objective thermodynamic behaviour that reflects air all sidedly, stream chain model method synthesis contains the soft air character of water vapour, through technical finesse; Represent the surrounding air thermal parameter with equivalent reduced temperature as t0; Through on probation and adjustment repeatedly, improve and confirmed technical scheme, carrying out in the test analysis work to the actual cooling tower that puts into operation; Effect is good; Both made things convenient for qualitative analysis, can be used for quantitative evaluation again, for dilatant flow link analysis method practical ranges has been established solid foundation.
2. the core of link analysis method is flowed in the steam turbine heat extraction
This model has been included thermal power plant's heat energy and has been exported to the overall process that usable temp hangs down boundary from the generating flow process, is a skeleton simplified model, has filled up the blank in this field; The stream chain has constituted the weary heat flow passage of complete steam turbine; Vacuum control temperature t s and t0 being connected, and serve as theme with weary hot-fluid chain, is heat resistance characteristic with each device abstract; With each segmentation temperature and pressure is control unit, becomes the sharp sword of diagnosis of steam turbine vacuum status techniques and Optimization Dispatching.
The foundation of full temperature and pressure notion Δ T; Mean that t0 is the foundation of s cold end system work; Δ T has comprised cooling tower terminal difference, recirculated water temperature rise, condenser terminal difference three partial contents; Clear and definite three main directions improving Steam Turbine vacuum tightness, help making overall plans integral body and local relation obtain ideal effect.For the steam turbine admission of high parameter, Δ T amplitude is less, even each key temperatures changes less than 1 ℃; Influence to Steam Turbine vacuum tightness also is very tangible, thereby therrmodynamic system is also had direct influence, according to estimates; The every decline 1% of vacuum, the Steam Turbine hear rate then rises 1%, can find out the weary hot-fluid chain further investigation of steam turbine and the transformation of suiting the medicine to the illness; Economic benefit is very significant, and along with the continuous expansion of generating set capacity, the effect of heat extraction stream chain is also more and more important.
See weary hot-fluid chain from the angle of heat extraction; Ts is the source of temperature and pressure, is the engine that improves vacuum from the purpose t0 that improves unit vacuum tightness, and the corresponding reduction of each node temperature further links; Also should reduce the thermal resistance of total system, energy-saving and cost-reducing with unobstructed flow chain power-assisted.
3. the application of steam turbine heat extraction stream link analysis method
In recent years; We use steam turbine heat extraction stream link analysis method to power station in the net of south, Hebei;, electrical network energy-saving and cost-reducing to Steam Turbine and power station meet the kurtosis summer, optimize aspects such as unit operation index has brought into play due effect, has produced significant follow-up economic and social benefit.When especially the power station needed multi-specialized collaborative technological transformation, this method was separated the on-the-spot matter of great urgency, and it is outstanding to produce effects.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is summarized as: the very easy to use of link analysis method flowed in the steam turbine heat extraction, can carry out the application of different levels, since can be used for the Electronic Data Processing system optimization; At this moment the manual analysis that can simplify again, need not to carry out complicated isoparametric test of heat exhaust, thermal resistance and calculating; To the key temperatures node analysis; A certain temperature, certain all has different implications to temperature or certain several temperature anomaly, and can use simple effect obviously to the energy-saving and cost-reducing proposition in the scene guiding scheme of further suiting the medicine to the illness.Analyse and compare and both can use the horizontal data between the homotype unit, diagnose its weak link; Can adopt vertical comparison of same unit historical data again, observe its variation tendency, find the aging of part or armamentarium or worsen fault.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1. certain factory's Revamping Cooling Tower:
The unit system of certain factory's circulation for enlarging, recirculated water adopts municipal middle water, and cooling tower was gone into operation in 2007, was reverse-flow cooling stack, and its trickle area is 6000 square metres, and the overall height of cooling tower is 120 meters, 10.95 meters of water distribution layer heights.
Its #2 unit vacuum constantly worsens in recent years, and we have carried out test analysis to it, and chooses its #1 unit as the comparison sample, through testing out two towers under the operating mode of main unit load identical (300MW); Atmospheric pressure is 101.7kPa, and dry-bulb temperature is 29.5 ℃, and wet-bulb temperature is 25.4 ℃, circulating water temperature: the #1 tower: enter the mouth 41.1 ℃; Export 31.4 ℃, the #2 tower: 41.9 ℃, export 31.5 ℃, its unit vacuum and exhaust temperature are respectively: #1 machine :-93.0kPa (43.13 ℃); #2 machine :-92.6kPa (43.99 ℃), through calculating, its condenser terminal difference is respectively: the #1 machine: 2.09 ℃ in 2.03 ℃ of #2 machines; Its cooling tower terminal difference is respectively: the #1 machine: 11.25 ℃, and #2 machine: 11.15 ℃, all do not have than big difference; And its circulating water temperature difference is respectively 9.7 ℃ and 10.4 ℃, differs nearly 0.7 ℃, in conjunction with other parameter; Can basic confirmation #2 machine circulating water flow on the low side, thereby, formulated it has been carried out the water distribution system modification scheme.Through transforming, its cooling characteristics is by Ω=1.38 λ
0.640Rise to Ω=1.61 λ
0.642, its unit vacuum has improved 0.7kPa, 9,460,000 yuan of year wound economic benefits.
In this case,, found out failure cause rapidly, exactly, avoided this factory that related system is carried out large-scale blind investment, obtained remarkable effect through this method.
Embodiment 2. certain factory's recirculated water advanced treating:
Certain factory's circulation is a unit system, and recirculated water adopts surface water, and unit was gone into operation in 1980 to 1994 successively.Along with the surface water quality pollution level increases the weight of, its full brand-name computer group vacuum constantly worsens, and has had a strong impact on unit and has met the kurtosis summer, when serious even need load limit operation, this factory is sustained a loss, and the safety and stability of electrical network is also constituted a threat to.
This factory has carried out preliminary analysis and processing to this, through the analysis to historical trend, find that circulating water temperature rises, condenser terminal difference increases; Thereby related system carried out extensive work; Like cooling tower desilting, condenser cleaning etc., the labor manpower and materials produce little effect.
The back adopts this method to analyze, and specific practice and this factory have bigger different, at first in a large amount of historical datas, have searched out and have gone into two groups of close data from the sample survey of tower air conditions, wherein a certain unit data such as following table:
Other unit situation is similar basically therewith.
Then, adopt unified benchmark (conversion air themperature) with all chain point temperature comparisons, it is following to analyze data:
Through data screening, controlled the contrast condition effectively, got rid of a large amount of interference factors, meet the data analysis principle of rigorous and scientific.With the method for system, all data are combined analysis, can find out that by example the unit recirculated water temperature difference does not change, got rid of the possibility of circulation fault.Further analyze and find out; Heat extraction chain point all has small size deviation than historical data, and (cooling tower terminal rises 1.36 ℃; Condenser terminal difference rises 2.3 ℃), find out that finally it is to be descended with causing by dirty cooling tower and the condenser exchange capability of heat of causing of recirculated water that the unit vacuum condition worsens.Handle through it being carried out depth of round, thoroughly solved this chronic disease, the unit vacuum can be steady in a long-term in safety, economic limit, and year direct benefit is above 1,500 ten thousand yuan.
Claims (1)
1. analytical approach to power station steam turbine group diagnosis of energy saving and optimization is characterized in that its method step is following:
At first, the weary hot driving of steam turbine can be considered the heat conduction flow chain of being controlled and being connected by the key temperatures node, set up the weary hot driving flow channel model of Steam Turbine generating; The correlation parameter that measures each chain point and also be each temperature nodes comprises: steam turbine vacuum is the exhaust temperature temperature, the inlet of recirculated water, outlet temperature, and cooling tower advances tower air dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature and atmospheric pressure;
Secondly, confirm as the comparison scale according to the correlation parameter under the normal condition of the analysis purpose associated temperature node that similar unit or this machine historical same period is similar;
Then, each chain spot correlation temperature parameter that reality is measured compares with the contrast scale, to confirm trouble location, also implements thereby formulate modification scheme; Said a certain temperature, certain temperature value comparison and internodal temperature approach of associated temperature to temperature or certain several temperature of relatively comprising compares.
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| CN103217292A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-24 | 国家电网公司 | Real-time monitoring method and monitoring system for thermal efficiency indices of generator set |
| CN103530509A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2014-01-22 | 国家电网公司 | Method for analyzing energy saving ratio evaluating cogeneration unit economy |
| CN104101490A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-10-15 | 国家电网公司 | Steam turbine flow steam sealing transformation effect determining method |
| CN104110671A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-10-22 | 国家电网公司 | Method for evaluating comprehensive upgrading and rebuilding effect of coal-fired unit of power station |
| CN104166794B (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2017-10-27 | 广西防城港核电有限公司 | A kind of nuclear power station condenser attribute testing acquisition analysis system |
| CN110853785A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-28 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Method for analyzing output capacity fault of nuclear power pressurized water reactor unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104110671A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-10-22 | 国家电网公司 | Method for evaluating comprehensive upgrading and rebuilding effect of coal-fired unit of power station |
| CN104110671B (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2015-10-28 | 国家电网公司 | The decision method of the comprehensive upgrading effect of power station coal unit |
| CN104166794B (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2017-10-27 | 广西防城港核电有限公司 | A kind of nuclear power station condenser attribute testing acquisition analysis system |
| CN110853785A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-28 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Method for analyzing output capacity fault of nuclear power pressurized water reactor unit |
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