CN102493768B - High-frequency pulsed jet flow resonance well drilling device and well drilling method thereof - Google Patents

High-frequency pulsed jet flow resonance well drilling device and well drilling method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102493768B
CN102493768B CN201110394711.8A CN201110394711A CN102493768B CN 102493768 B CN102493768 B CN 102493768B CN 201110394711 A CN201110394711 A CN 201110394711A CN 102493768 B CN102493768 B CN 102493768B
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resonance
frequency
controller
instrument
transducer
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CN102493768A (en
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李玮
闫铁
毕雪亮
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Northeast Petroleum University
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Northeast Petroleum University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a high-frequency pulsed jet flow resonance well drilling device and a well drilling method thereof. The high-frequency pulsed jet flow resonance well drilling device comprises an outer steel jacket, wherein one end of the outer steel jacket is connected with an upper adapter; the other end of the outer steel jacket is connected with a lower adapter; the upper adapter is connected with a drill collar by a thread; the lower adapter is connected with a drill by the thread; a small hydrogenerator, a density logger, an acoustic logger, a controller and an ultrasonic transducer are successively installed from top to bottom in the outer steel jacket; the small hydrogenerator is composed of a blade and a generator; the blade is installed above the generator; the ultrasonic transducer comprises a fixed end, a transducer and an amplitude transformer; the position on the outer steel jacket, which corresponds to the amplitude transformer, is provided with a necking section; the density logger, the acoustic logger and the controller are mutually separated by cushion blocks; and after the density logger, the acoustic logger and the controller are connected, the inner cavities of the density logger, the acoustic logger and the controller are communicated to form a well drilling fluid path. According to the high-frequency pulsed jet flow resonance well drilling device, the mechanical drilling speed is drastically improved, the improvement amplitude is 1-2 times, and the well drilling cost is effectively lowered.

Description

High-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig and boring method thereof
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to the broken rock technology field of oil drilling, be mainly used in the fields such as petroleum works, mining engineering, geotechnical engineering, the drilling technology that utilizes covibration quick crashing deep formation rock and improve rate of penetration, specifically high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig and boring method thereof.
Two, background technology:
Along with the high speed development of Chinese national economy, the demand increasing year by year of country to petroleum resources.Oil-gas exploration dynamics constantly increases, and exploitation difficulty increases day by day.Well depth from shallow-layer to deep layer, super deep transformation.The difficult point of the efficient drilling well breaking technique for rock of deep formation mainly comprises: the one, and bad ground, bad ground proportion increase year by year, and the drilling speed of traditional drilling mode is more and more lower; The 2nd, existing drill bit mechanical rock breaking adds the auxiliary breaking technique for rock of jet and in deep formation, has technical bottleneck.
Modern drilling technology is to grow up on drill bit adds the basis of rotary drilling of water jet, be current application at most, efficient drilling technology that technology is the most perfect.At deep formation, especially in the bad ground such as hard, hard, the drilling well effect of rotary drilling is very undesirable, rate of penetration is low, drilling failure takes place frequently, cost is high.
More and more slower for the broken rock process machinery drilling speed of tradition, the problem that expense is more and more higher, needs the efficient drilling well breaking technique for rock of development a new generation badly.
Three, summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig, it is very undesirable for solving prior art drilling well effect, and rate of penetration is low, the problem that cost is high; Another object of the present invention is to provide the boring method of this high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: this high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig includes outer steel sleeve, outer steel sleeve one end is connected with upper crossover sub, the other end is connected with lower crossover sub, upper crossover sub is connected with drill collar by screw thread, and lower crossover sub is connected with drill bit by screw thread; Small hydro turbine, densilog instrument, acoustic logging instrument, controller, ultrasonic transducer are installed in outer steel sleeve from top to bottom successively; Small hydro turbine is made up of blade and generator, and blades installation is above generator, and ultrasonic transducer comprises transducer fixed end, transducer, ultrasonic transformer, and there is a undergauge section at the outer steel sleeve position corresponding with ultrasonic transformer; Densilog instrument, acoustic logging instrument, controller are separated each other by cushion block, and after densilog instrument, acoustic logging instrument, controller connect, the inner chamber of densilog instrument, acoustic logging instrument, controller communicates, and forms drilling fluid passage; Drilling fluid finally forms high frequency pulsing jet a little by drill bit high pressure nozzle.
Small hydro turbine in such scheme is the general generator that surges, and is used to well logging, signal receiver, ultrasonic transducer that electric energy is provided.
In such scheme, densilog instrument is neutron density logger, for measuring current stratigraphic rock density.
In such scheme, acoustic logging instrument is common single-emission and double-receiving acoustic logging instrument, for measuring current formation rock interval transit time.
Ultrasonic transformer in such scheme is index shape or catenary horn, and material can be steel or copper, PZT (piezoelectric transducer) produce mechanical oscillation amplitude or speed amplify, or by concentration of energy on less area, play cumulative action.
The boring method of above-mentioned high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig is:
1) check that by high-pressure large-displacement pump group whether the work of high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig is normal indoor, and at the bottom of lower going-into-well;
2) circulating fluid, and rotary drill column, carry and apply the pressure of the drill to drill bit by adjusting hook, small hydro turbine generating after circulating fluid, and equipment is started working;
3) controller is to densilog instrument and the acoustic logging instrument electric current that shares out the work, and densilog instrument is tested the rock density of current drilling stratum, and acoustic logging instrument is tested current stratum interval transit time data, and these data finally feed back to controller;
4) data that controller analytic density logging instrument and acoustic logging instrument produce, scan the amplitude-frequency characteristic of rock material, determine the resonance frequency of rock material;
5) controller is in current formation rock material resonance frequency scope, select one lower than peaked as optimum resonance frequency;
6) controller is that transducer distributes the high frequency pumping signal of telecommunication, transducer and and ultrasonic transformer the high frequency pumping signal of telecommunication is converted to ultrasonic signal, and pass to drilling fluid;
7) drilling fluid forms high-frequency pulse jet impact shaft bottom by drill bit, makes bottom rock reach resonance state,
8) in the time that formation lithology changes, its resonance frequency changes, densilog instrument and acoustic logging instrument test data also can change, the data that controller provides according to densilog instrument and acoustic logging instrument are distributed the high frequency pumping signal of telecommunication to transducer again, again make high-frequency pulse jet frequency reach the resonance frequency of formation rock resonance, realize again the broken rock of resonance.
Beneficial effect:
1) the present invention makes full use of the character that under rock material resonance condition, intensity significantly reduces and the promotion internal fissure that resonates is expanded.Deep formation rock buries deeply, confined pressure large, rock compaction degree is high, and deep formation rock rate of penetration is slower, uses rock resonant properties can significantly improve rate of penetration, and increase rate reaches 1 to 2 times, effectively reduces drilling cost.
2) the present invention utilizes drilling fluid and small hydro turbine converting electrical energy, can be that logging instrument and ultrasonic transducer improve power resources with security and stability, effectively solves the problem that cannot transmit electric energy in drilling process.Utilize drilling fluid to transmit ultrasonic vibration and make rock produce resonance, reduce the power output of ultrasonic transducer, improve drill bit efficiency of breaking rock.
Four, accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is A-A section of structure in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is B-B section of structure in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is installation site of the present invention schematic diagram.
Crossover sub on 1; 2 blades; 3 generators; 4 fixed legs; 5 densilog instruments; Cushion block on 6; 7 acoustic logging instruments; 8 lower cushion blocks; 9 controllers; 10 drilling fluid passages; 11 transducer fixed ends; 12 transducer fixed legs; 13 transducers; 14 drilling fluid constricted channel; 15 ultrasonic transformers; 16 outer steel sleeves; 17 times crossover subs; 18 upper drilling string; 19 drill collars; 20 high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rigs; 21 drill bits.
Five, the specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further:
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, this high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig includes outer steel sleeve 16, outer steel sleeve 16 one end are connected with upper crossover sub 1, the other end is connected with lower crossover sub 17, upper crossover sub 1 is connected with drill collar 19 by screw thread, and lower crossover sub 17 is connected with drill bit 21 by screw thread; Small hydro turbine, densilog instrument 5, acoustic logging instrument 7, controller 9, ultrasonic transducer are installed in outer steel sleeve 16 from top to bottom successively; Small hydro turbine is made up of blade 2 and generator 3, blade 2 is arranged on generator 3 tops, ultrasonic transducer comprises transducer fixed end 11, transducer 13, ultrasonic transformer 15, and there is a undergauge section at outer steel sleeve 16 position corresponding with ultrasonic transformer 15, and this undergauge section is drilling fluid constricted channel 14; Densilog instrument 5, acoustic logging instrument 7, controller 9 are separated each other by cushion block, and the mutual correspondence in center between densilog instrument 5, acoustic logging instrument 7, controller 9 also forms drilling fluid path 10.
Generator 3 is fixed on outer steel sleeve 16 by fixed leg 4, and densilog instrument 5, acoustic logging instrument 7, controller 9 are fixed by screws on outer steel sleeve 16; Densilog instrument 5, acoustic logging instrument 7 separate by upper cushion block 6, and acoustic logging instrument 7, controller 9 separate by lower cushion block 8; Transducer fixed end 11 is fixed on outer steel sleeve 16 by transducer fixed leg 12, and transducer fixed end 11 is fixed together transducer 13 and ultrasonic transformer 15.
Middle controller 9 of the present invention for ultrasonic transducer provide need pumping signal, for density, acoustic signals analysis and ultrasonic transducer amplitude-frequency signal input block.
In the present invention, ultrasonic transducer is vibrational excitation device, for generation of high frequency small amplitude motion, and its ultrasonic vibration is passed to drilling fluid, makes drilling fluid have the feature of high-frequency pulse jet.
In the present invention, ultrasonic transducer comprises three parts such as transducer fixed end 11, transducer 13, ultrasonic transformer 15, is connected with outer steel sleeve 16 by transducer fixed end 11.Transducer 13 is high-power piezoelectric ceramic sheet or magnetostriction materials, is longitudinal vibration transducer, and transducer 13 utilizes piezoelectric inverse piezoelectric effect to change electric energy into extensional vibration.The Main Function of ultrasonic transformer 15 be PZT (piezoelectric transducer) produce mechanical oscillation amplitude or speed amplify, or by concentration of energy on less area, play cumulative action.Transducer 13 passes to drilling fluid with the ultrasonic vibration of ultrasonic transformer 15, finally form high frequency pulsing jet a little by drill bit high pressure nozzle, jet impulse bottom rock transmits ultrasonic pulse vibration, and its vibration frequency approaches formation rock intrinsic frequency, produces the resonance of rock.
Drilling fluid impacts blade 2, by generator 3 generation currents, generator 3 is directly for densilog instrument 5, acoustic logging instrument 7, controller 9 and transducer 13 are powered, power supply size and frequency are controlled by controller 9, controller 9 is for analyzing stratum resonance frequency, and for transducer 13 provides the pumping signal needing, drilling fluid flow into drill bit 21 by drilling fluid path 10 and drilling fluid constricted channel 14, drilling fluid constricted channel 14 has a trumpet-shaped inner chamber, and horn mouth upwards.
Densilog instrument 5, acoustic logging instrument 7 is tested the density of current formation rock, interval transit time data, and data feedback is arrived to controller 9, controller 9 is analyzed after data, determine transducer 13 exciting current voltages, the parameters such as frequency, transducer 13 provides pumping signal according to controller 9, produce corresponding frequency vibration, by ultrasonic transformer 15 by Amplitude amplification, the vibration that transducer 13 and ultrasonic transformer 15 produce passes to the drilling fluid in drilling fluid constricted channel 14, finally form high-frequency pulse jet by drill bit 21 and impact shaft bottom, make bottom rock reach resonance state, drill bit 21 is by the further broken formation rock of rotation mode.In this rock break-off process drill bit 21 rotatablely move and rock ultrasonic vibration campaign be synchronous.So just can before drill bit, produce a local dynamic station Crack Extension district always existing.Under definite the pressure of the drill and drilling speed, produce and maintain the resonance of jet impulse district rock material by high-frequency pulse jet.
As shown in Figure 4, this high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig is arranged between drill collar 19 and drill bit 21, and each several part parts are threaded connection.Nearly bit drilling tool combination is made up of, high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig 20 and drill bit 21 from top to bottom, and drill collar 19 is connected with upper drilling string 18.
The method of above-mentioned high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig drilling well:
1) indoor by high-pressure large-displacement pump group check high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig 20 work whether normal, and will the connection of above-mentioned each parts successively Fig. 4, at the bottom of lower going-into-well;
2) circulating fluid, and rotary drill column, carry and apply the pressure of the drill to drill bit 21 by adjusting hook, small hydro turbine generating after circulating fluid, and equipment is started working;
3) controller 9 is given densilog instrument 5 and acoustic logging instrument 7 electric current that shares out the work, and densilog instrument 5 is tested the rock density of current drilling stratum, and acoustic logging instrument 7 is tested current stratum interval transit time data, and these data finally feed back to controller 9;
4) data that controller 9 analytic density logging instruments 5 and acoustic logging instrument 7 produce, scan the amplitude-frequency characteristic of rock material, determine the resonance frequency of rock material;
5) controller 9 is in current formation rock material resonance frequency scope, select one lower than peaked as optimum resonance frequency;
6) controller 9 distributes the high frequency pumping signal of telecommunication for transducer 13, transducer 13 and and ultrasonic transformer 15 the high frequency pumping signal of telecommunication is converted to ultrasonic signal, and pass to drilling fluid;
7) drilling fluid forms high-frequency pulse jet impact shaft bottom by drill bit 21, makes bottom rock reach resonance state,
8) in the time that formation lithology changes, its resonance frequency changes, densilog instrument 5 and acoustic logging instrument 7 test datas also can change, the data that controller 9 provides according to densilog instrument 5 and acoustic logging instrument 7 are distributed the high frequency pumping signal of telecommunication to transducer 13 again, again make high-frequency pulse jet frequency reach the resonance frequency of formation rock resonance, realize again the broken rock of resonance.
About select drill bit amplitude higher limit this on the one hand, before this value the resonance of drill bit generation be do not have destructive.Exceed this limit, resonance will likely cause destruction.
Estimate suitable frequency coverage, within the scope of this, select a less frequency range as driving frequency.When rock resonates and cracks after expansion, its resonance frequency can reduce.Before, in frequency range, the rock of upper frequency is after cracking, and its resonance frequency reduces and moves closer to driving frequency, and the resonance energy of rock continues.

Claims (6)

1. a high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig, it is characterized in that: high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig includes outer steel sleeve (16), outer steel sleeve (16) one end is connected with upper crossover sub (1), the other end is connected with lower crossover sub (17), upper crossover sub (1) is connected with drill collar (19) by screw thread, and lower crossover sub (17) is connected with drill bit (21) by screw thread; Small hydro turbine, densilog instrument (5), acoustic logging instrument (7), controller (9), ultrasonic transducer are installed in outer steel sleeve (16) from top to bottom successively; Small hydro turbine is made up of blade (2) and generator (3), blade (2) is arranged on generator (3) top, ultrasonic transducer comprises transducer fixed end (11), transducer (13), ultrasonic transformer (15), and there is a undergauge section at the outer steel sleeve position corresponding with ultrasonic transformer (15); After densilog instrument (5), acoustic logging instrument (7), controller (9) connect, the inner chamber of densilog instrument (5), acoustic logging instrument (7), controller (9) communicates, and forms drilling fluid passage (14); Drilling fluid finally forms high frequency pulsing jet a little by drill bit high pressure nozzle.
2. high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described small hydro turbine is the general generator that surges.
3. high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described densilog instrument (5) is neutron density logger.
4. high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described acoustic logging instrument (7) is common single-emission and double-receiving acoustic logging instrument.
5. high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described ultrasonic transformer (15) is index shape or catenary horn, and material is steel or copper.
6. a boring method for high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the boring method of this high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig is as follows,
1) check by high-pressure large-displacement pump group whether high-frequency pulse jet resonance drilling rig (20) work is normal indoor, and at the bottom of lower going-into-well;
2) circulating fluid, and rotary drill column, carry and apply the pressure of the drill to drill bit (21) by adjusting hook, small hydro turbine generating after circulating fluid, and equipment is started working;
3) controller (9) is given densilog instrument (5) and acoustic logging instrument (7) electric current that shares out the work, densilog instrument (5) is tested the rock density of current drilling stratum, acoustic logging instrument (7) is tested current stratum interval transit time data, and these data finally feed back to controller (9);
4) data that controller (9) analytic density logging instrument (5) and acoustic logging instrument (7) produce, scan the amplitude-frequency characteristic of rock material, determine the resonance frequency of rock material;
5) controller (9) is in current formation rock material resonance frequency scope, select one lower than peaked as optimum resonance frequency;
6) controller (9) is that transducer (13) distributes the high frequency pumping signal of telecommunication, and the high frequency pumping signal of telecommunication is converted to ultrasonic signal by transducer (13) and ultrasonic transformer (15), and pass to drilling fluid;
7) drilling fluid forms high-frequency pulse jet impact shaft bottom by drill bit (21), makes bottom rock reach resonance state,
8) in the time that formation lithology changes, its resonance frequency changes, densilog instrument (5) and acoustic logging instrument (7) test data also can change, the data that controller (9) provides according to densilog instrument (5) and acoustic logging instrument (7) are distributed the high frequency pumping signal of telecommunication to transducer (13) again, again make high-frequency pulse jet frequency reach the resonance frequency of formation rock resonance, realize again the broken rock of resonance.
CN201110394711.8A 2011-12-02 2011-12-02 High-frequency pulsed jet flow resonance well drilling device and well drilling method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN102493768B (en)

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