CN102492481A - Method and device for eliminating biomass gasification slagging of fluidized bed - Google Patents
Method and device for eliminating biomass gasification slagging of fluidized bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102492481A CN102492481A CN2011104020316A CN201110402031A CN102492481A CN 102492481 A CN102492481 A CN 102492481A CN 2011104020316 A CN2011104020316 A CN 2011104020316A CN 201110402031 A CN201110402031 A CN 201110402031A CN 102492481 A CN102492481 A CN 102492481A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for eliminating biomass gasification slagging of a fluidized bed. The method comprises the steps of: adding an inert bed material to the fluidized bed, and fluidizing the inert bed material to equalize the reaction temperature in the fluidized bed, improve the gasification reaction efficiency and control the reaction temperature in the fluidized bed; and discharging the bed material of a gasification furnace of the fluidized bed regularly and quantitatively, washing the discharged bed material with water, introducing the washed bed material to a drier, and adding the dried bed material to the gasification furnace of the fluidized bed through a bed material feeding device, wherein the sensible heat of the high-temperature bed material discharged from the gasification furnace of the fluidized bed is supplied for the drier so as to dry the washed bed material. According to the invention, the bed material is added to improve the reaction efficiency and control the reaction temperature in the fluidized bed, so that the temperature is lower than the melting point of biomass ash and the slagging caused by melting of the biomass ash is avoided; and a bed material replacement method is adopted to break the enrichment process of potassium, sodium and other alkali metals in the bed material, so that the content of alkali metals in the bed material is controlled and the slagging caused by reaction between the bed material and the biomass ash is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of eliminating biomass fluid bed gasification slagging scorification.The invention still further relates to a kind of device that is used to realize aforesaid method.
Background technology
China's biomass fuel aboundresources is developed the biomass fuel resource energetically, and helping to improve China is main energy structure with the fossil oil, can reduce the discharging of sulfide and oxynitride, can alleviate Greenhouse effect again.In biomass utilization technology; It is the taste that combustion gas utilization can be improved biomass energy with Wood Adhesives from Biomass that biomass gasification technology adopts thermochemical method; Enlarge it and utilize scope, be convenient to large-scale production simultaneously, thereby be the important directions of present biomass utilization.Prior biological matter gasification technology mainly is divided into bed technology and fluidization, and wherein bed technology equipment is simple, but gasification efficiency is lower, adopts fluidization can improve gasifying biomass efficient.In present most of biomass fluid bed equipment for gasification, do not add the bed material in the fluidized-bed, though in fluidized-bed, add inert bed material; Can further improve reaction efficiency so that interior temperature distribution is more even, can improve the stability and the adaptability to raw material of system simultaneously; And make the interior temperature of fluidized-bed be easier to control, avoid local temperature to make the fusion of biomass ash cause slagging scorification, but alkali metal content such as the K in the biomass fuel, Na are far above the content in the general coal; When adding the biomass fluid bed gasification of bed material; Especially the biomass of high basic metal content can exist basic metal and the low-melting compound of bed material reaction generation in the biomass ash, are easy to produce bed material bonding phenomenon; Thereby cause the slagging scorification of bed material; So after further solving the next bed material slagging scorification problem of an interpolation strip, can promote the application of an interpolation biomass fluid bed gasification technology of expecting, improve the interests efficient of biomass energy.
Chinese invention patent 200710024858.1 discloses a kind of ash slag self-agglomeration biomass fluidized bed gasification furnace; Adopt the awl column body of heater of vertical three sections combinations; Hypomere is the expansion column casing, upward section gasifying column casing, stage casing are the inverted cone tube; The expansion column bottom is a slag-drip opening, and charging opening is arranged on the sidepiece of expansion column casing, and gas outlet is positioned at the top of gasifying column casing.Advantage is in same equipment, to accomplish the complete energy conversion process such as destructive distillation, gasification, reduction and catalytic pyrolysis of biomass fuel, solves the lime-ash slagging scorification, hangs slag and the contradiction that improves material gasification stove and combustion gas quality.The fluidized-bed gasification furnace of this invention does not add the bed material, and the slagging scorification problem that it is directed against is that the fusion of biomass ash own forms, and is not that the biomass ash causes with the reaction of bed material.Chinese invention patent 201010251275.4 provides a kind of method that effectively prevents low ash smelting point, biomass material gasification ash erosion; The mixed gas that employing obtains with water vapour and air mixed is as the vaporized chemical of gasifying biomass; Can reduce below temperature to the biomass ash melting temperature of fixed bed zone of oxidation, alleviate the advantages such as slagging scorification in the vapourizing furnace effectively.This invention is to slagging scorification problem in the fixed bed, and also is the slagging scorification that the biomass ash causes itself, and is different with range of application of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of eliminating biomass fluid bed gasification slagging scorification.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of device of realizing aforesaid method.
The present invention is for realizing above-mentioned purpose, and the technical measures that the technical solution problem is provided are: a kind of method of eliminating biomass fluid bed gasification slagging scorification, it comprises the steps:
(1) in fluidized-bed, adding highly is the bed material of 200 ~ 600mm;
(2) wind speed bottom the control fluidized-bed in service is controlled at 2 ~ 6m/s;
(3) control fluidized-bed gasification furnace interior reaction temperature in service is 650 ~ 700 ℃.
A kind of method of eliminating biomass fluid bed gasification slagging scorification, it comprises the steps:
(1) in fluidized-bed, adding highly is the bed material of 200 ~ 600mm;
(2) wind speed bottom the control fluidized-bed in service is controlled at 2 ~ 6m/s;
(3) control fluidized-bed gasification furnace interior reaction temperature in service is 650 ~ 700 ℃.
(4) whenever at a distance from 4 ~ 9 hours fluidized-bed gasification siege material is discharged, each bed material amount of discharging is 1/10 ~ 1/4 of a bed material total amount;
(5) will discharge the bed material washes; Bed material potassium after the washing, sodium content are less than 1%;
(6) washing back bed material gets into dryer, and oven dry back bed material water cut is less than 5%;
(7) the bed material after will drying again adds fluidized-bed gasification furnace through the extra bed materials device.
The concrete characteristics of this programme also have, and said dryer comes from the sensible heat of discharging high hotbed material from fluidized-bed gasification furnace to the heat of washing back bed material oven dry.
Potassium, sodium ions content are less than 20mg/L in the washing institute water;
The bed material need be by the whole submergences of water in the said water washing process, and the time was greater than 5 hours.
Said bed material is river sand, silica sand, cinder, Wingdale, and particle size range is 0 ~ 1mm.
Put for realizing said method; The present invention also provides a kind of device of eliminating biomass fluid bed gasification slagging scorification, and it comprises fluidized-bed gasification furnace, it is characterized in that being communicated with row's bed materials device at the fluidized-bed gasification furnace bottom; Row's bed materials device outlet water receiving cleaning device; Connect dryer behind the water washing device, connect the extra bed materials device behind the dryer, the extra bed materials device is communicated with the fluidized-bed gasification furnace bottom.
The formation of the slagging scorification during biomass fluid bed the gasification mainly is divided into two types.One type is the ash fusion that produces of gasification and cause slagging scorification.Second type is after in fluidized-bed, adding the bed material, because basic metal reacts with the bed material in the biomass ash, forms the compound that fusing point is lower than the common operating temperature of fluidized-bed, and the tackiness agent that the material of these molten states serves as between the particle has caused the slagging scorification of bed material.
So for a biomass fluid bed gasification of not having the bed material, mainly to be that biomass self ash fusion point is relatively lower cause the slagging scorification problem, and after in fluidized-bed, adding the bed material; In biomass gasification process; Because the melting point compound that the basic metal reaction generates in bed material and the biomass ash is lower than the fusing point of biomass ash own, slagging scorification more easily, thereby the slagging scorification that the second type of reason that be in operation causes more occurs morning; Can influence the system temperature operation, cause blowing out.
Add in the biomass fluid bed gasification of bed material that basic metal is a progressive process with the reaction of bed material in the biomass ash; Carrying out along with reaction; Basic metal reacts at bed material surface enrichment and with the bed material gradually in the biomass ash, and after reaction process ran up to a certain degree, the low melting component of generation made the bed material reunite; And then the formation slagging scorification, destroy the operation of fluidized-bed.The present invention is at first through adding the bed material in fluidized-bed; Make the fluidized-bed interior reaction temperature evenly not have overtemperature; Control fluidized-bed gasification furnace interior reaction temperature makes it far below the grey fusing point of biomass own, thereby avoids the first kind slagging scorification that caused by grey self fusion of biomass; Through regular way of discharging the bed material the surperficial alkali-metal cumulative process of bed material in the fluidized-bed is interrupted then, alkali metal content does not cause second type of slagging scorification in the control bed material.In addition, wash, utilize alkali metal cpd principle soluble in water to clean basic metal in the bed material of discharge, after drying, can realize the recycle of bed material for the bed material of discharging.
Characteristics of the present invention are:
1. through adding the bed material, make uniformity of temperature profile in the fluidized-bed, be easy to control, thereby make fluidized-bed steady running being lower than below the biomass ash fusion point, avoid the fusion of biomass ash to cause slagging scorification;
2. expect through the periodic replacement bed, interrupt basic metal enrichment process in the bed material, eliminate and add bed material slagging scorification problem in the gasification that material causes;
3. it is low to wash used water quality requirement, adopts common river and tap water all can;
4. used bed material adopts river sand, silica sand, cinder, Wingdale, conveniently is easy to get;
5. can recycle after the bed material washing, consumption is little.
The energy of
dry washing back bed material comes from the high hotbed material of discharge, and energy utilization efficiency is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of eliminating the square law device of biomass fluid bed gasification slagging scorification of the present invention.Among the figure: the 1-fluidized-bed gasification furnace; 2-row bed materials device; The 3-water washing device; The 4-dryer; 5-extra bed materials device.
Embodiment
The present invention adopts river sand, cinder, the Wingdale of 0 ~ 1mm to be the bed material, at first adds the thick bed material of 200 ~ 600mm through the extra bed materials device 5 that is connected the fluidized-bed bottom to the fluidized-bed bottom, in system's operational process; The wind speed of control fluidized-bed bottom is 2 ~ 6m/s; Control fluidized-bed gasification furnace temperature of reaction is 650 ~ 750 ℃, whenever at a distance from 4 ~ 9 hours 1 material of fluidized-bed gasification furnace is discharged, and each bed material amount of discharging is less than 1/4 of 1 material amount of fluidized-bed gasification furnace; Do not destroy fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 running status; Wash less than river or the tap water of 20mg/L with potassium, sodium ions content discharging the bed material, the elapsed time was washed alkali metal contents such as back bed material potassium, sodium less than 1%, after the bed that alkali metal content is low expects to get into fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 greater than 5 hours; In biomass gasification process slagging scorification can not take place; Bed material after the washing gets into dryer 4, and the energy of dryer 4 adopts the sensible heat of discharging high hotbed material from fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1, fully recycles energy; Oven dry back bed material moisture content is less than 5%; Avoid excess moisture to influence 5 steady runnings of extra bed materials device, can not have a negative impact to gasification in the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 simultaneously, the bed material after will drying again adds fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 through extra bed materials device 5.
At the burner hearth internal diameter is in the biomass fluidized bed gasification furnace of 200mm; Biomass material is cotton bavin particulate material, adopts 0 ~ 0.6mm river sand to expect as bed, and bed material thickness is 200mm; Fluidized-bed in service bottom speed is 2m/s; The vapourizing furnace interior reaction temperature is 750 ℃, moves after 8 hours, the slagging scorification of bed material occurs.
Embodiment 2
At the burner hearth internal diameter is in the biomass fluidized bed gasification furnace of 200mm, and biomass material is cotton bavin particulate material, adopts 0 ~ 0.6mm river sand to expect as bed; Bed material thickness is 200mm; Fluidized-bed in service bottom speed is 2m/s, and the vapourizing furnace interior reaction temperature is 750 ℃, and bed material amount is 10kg in the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1; Pass through row's bed materials device 2 in per 9 hours and discharge 1kg bed material from fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 bottom; In water washing device 3, adopting potassium, sodium ions content is that the river of 20mg/L is washed, and is respectively 1% and 0.5% through 5 hours washing back bed material potassium, sodium contents, and washing back bed material gets into dryer 4; Bed material water cut after the oven dry is 5%, will dry back bed material and send into extra bed materials device 5.In the operational process, no slagging scorification phenomenon takes place.
Embodiment 3
At the burner hearth internal diameter is in the biomass fluidized bed gasification furnace of 400mm, and the straw of biomass material for pulverizing adopts 0 ~ 0.6mm river sand to expect as bed; Bed material thickness is 600mm; Fluidized-bed in service bottom speed is 6m/s, and the vapourizing furnace interior reaction temperature is 650 ℃, and bed material amount is 120kg in the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1; Pass through row's bed materials device 2 in per 4 hours and discharge 30kg bed material from fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 bottom; In water washing device 3, adopting potassium, sodium ions content is that the water of 10mg/L is washed, and is respectively 0.4% and 1% through 6 hours washing back bed material potassium, sodium contents, and washing back bed material gets into dryer 4; Bed material water cut after the oven dry is 2%, will dry back bed material and send into extra bed materials device 5.In the operational process, no slagging scorification phenomenon takes place.
Embodiment 4
At the burner hearth internal diameter is in the biomass fluidized bed gasification furnace of 400mm, and biomass material is a rice husk, adopts 0 ~ 0.6mm silica sand to expect as bed; Bed material thickness is 400mm; Fluidized-bed in service bottom speed is 6m/s, and the vapourizing furnace interior reaction temperature is 680 ℃, and bed material amount is 80kg in the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1; Pass through row's bed materials device 2 in per 6 hours and discharge 15kg bed material from fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 bottom; In water washing device 3, adopting potassium, sodium ions content is that the water of 7mg/L is washed, and is respectively 0.6% and 0.8% through 7 hours washing back bed material potassium, sodium contents, and washing back bed material gets into dryer 4; Bed material water cut after the oven dry is 3%, will dry back bed material and send into extra bed materials device 5.In the operational process, no slagging scorification phenomenon takes place.
At the burner hearth internal diameter is in the biomass fluidized bed gasification furnace of 400mm, and biomass material is a rice husk, adopts 0 ~ 0.6mm Wingdale to expect as bed; Bed material thickness is 300mm; Fluidized-bed in service bottom speed is 6m/s, and the vapourizing furnace interior reaction temperature is 710 ℃, and bed material amount is 60kg in the fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1; Pass through row's bed materials device 2 in per 6 hours and discharge 10kg bed material from fluidized-bed gasification furnace 1 bottom; In water washing device 3, adopting potassium, sodium ions content is that the water of 11mg/L is washed, and is respectively 0.7% and 0.6% through 6 hours washing back bed material potassium, sodium contents, and washing back bed material gets into dryer 4; Bed material water cut after the oven dry is 4%, will dry back bed material and send into extra bed materials device 5.In the operational process, no slagging scorification phenomenon takes place.
Claims (7)
1. a method of eliminating biomass fluid bed gasification slagging scorification is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
(1) in fluidized-bed, adding highly is the bed material of 200 ~ 600mm;
(2) wind speed bottom the control fluidized-bed in service is controlled at 2 ~ 6m/s;
(3) control fluidized-bed gasification furnace interior reaction temperature in service is 650 ~ 700 ℃.
2. the method for the biomass fluid bed gasification slagging scorification of elimination according to claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising the steps:
(1) whenever at a distance from 4 ~ 9 hours fluidized-bed gasification siege material is partly discharged, each bed material amount of discharging is 1/10 ~ 1/4 of a bed material total amount;
(2) will discharge the bed material washes; Bed material potassium after the washing, sodium content are less than 1%;
(3) washing back bed material gets into dryer, and oven dry back bed material water cut is less than 5%;
(4) the bed material after will drying again adds fluidized-bed gasification furnace through the extra bed materials device.
3. the method for the biomass fluid bed gasification slagging scorification of elimination according to claim 2 is characterized in that said dryer comes from the sensible heat of discharging high hotbed material from fluidized-bed gasification furnace to the heat of washing back bed material oven dry.
4. the method for the biomass fluid bed gasification slagging scorification of elimination according to claim 2 is characterized in that washing in institute's water potassium, sodium ions content less than 20mg/L.
5. the method for the biomass fluid bed gasification slagging scorification of elimination according to claim 2 is characterized in that the bed material need be by the whole submergences of water in the said water washing process, and the time was greater than 5 hours.
6. the method for the biomass fluid bed gasification slagging scorification of elimination according to claim 2 is characterized in that said bed material is river sand, silica sand, cinder, Wingdale, and particle size range is 0 ~ 1mm.
7. device of eliminating biomass fluid bed gasification slagging scorification; It comprises fluidized-bed gasification furnace; It is characterized in that being communicated with row's bed materials device at the fluidized-bed gasification furnace bottom, row's bed materials device outlet water receiving cleaning device connects dryer behind the water washing device; Connect the extra bed materials device behind the dryer, the extra bed materials device is communicated with the fluidized-bed gasification furnace lower sidewall.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106635178A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-10 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Fluidized bed oxygen-rich gasification method |
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| CN106635178A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-10 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Fluidized bed oxygen-rich gasification method |
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