CN102490085B - Device for simultaneously measuring turning force in three directions - Google Patents

Device for simultaneously measuring turning force in three directions Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102490085B
CN102490085B CN201110407455.1A CN201110407455A CN102490085B CN 102490085 B CN102490085 B CN 102490085B CN 201110407455 A CN201110407455 A CN 201110407455A CN 102490085 B CN102490085 B CN 102490085B
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China
Prior art keywords
track plates
layer
circular hole
ground floor
rectangular metal
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CN201110407455.1A
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CN102490085A (en
Inventor
高志
李健
蔡纪卫
陈政文
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WUHAN INST OF MATERIAL PROTECTION
East China University of Science and Technology
Wuhan Research Institute of Materials Protection
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WUHAN INST OF MATERIAL PROTECTION
East China University of Science and Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B23Q17/0952Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
    • B23Q17/0966Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring a force on parts of the machine other than a motor

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for simultaneously measuring turning force in three directions. The device is mainly composed of a top pressing plate, a top plane steel ball retainer, a first layer rail plate, a second layer rail plate, a third layer rail plate, a single row of steel ball retainer, an external framework, a bottom frame and a plurality of steel balls. The device has the outstanding advantages that: the device can be used for simultaneously measuring the turning force in the three directions (X, Y and Z) and the 'independency' of respective measurement can be assured, so that the accurate measurement can be realized.

Description

Measure the device of turning force in three directions simultaneously
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for measuring the device of cutting force, particularly a kind of for measure the device of the turning force in three directions of lathe tool when the turning material simultaneously.
Background technology
Cutting force is one of important physical phenomena producing in working angles, and the size of cutting force is relevant with workpiece material and cutting factors.It directly affects distortion, cutting temperature, tool wear and the power consumption of process system.Therefore, how can accurately measure cutting force (particularly simultaneously accurately measuring three-dimensional cutting force), become the problem that people pay close attention to.
Summary of the invention
The present inventor, through deeply and widely studying, is developed into a kind of device of measuring Cutting Force.This installs outstanding advantage and is, can be used for measuring three-dimensional (X, Y and Z-direction) cutting force simultaneously, and can guarantee each self-metering " independence ", thereby realize accurately, measures.
The device of simultaneously measuring three-dimensional (X, Y and Z-direction) Cutting Force of the present invention, it is mainly by top layer pressing plate, top layer plane steel ball retainer, ground floor track plates, second layer track plates, the 3rd layer of track plates, single ball retainer, outside framework, underframe and some steel balls form;
Wherein, described top layer pressing plate is a rectangular metal plate, is provided with several for the circular hole of fixing device of the present invention and specimen (as lathe tool etc.) in described rectangular metal plate;
It is at least the metallic plate of the flanging of 90 ° at four angles with equidirectional and knuckle that described top layer plane steel ball retainer is one, on this metallic plate, be provided with some circular holes, described circular hole comprises: for the circular hole of fixing device of the present invention, for the circular hole of fixing test sample (as lathe tool etc.) with keep the circular hole of the present invention's steel ball used;
Described ground floor track plates (has no special requirements to its thickness for having certain thickness, as long as can installation testing sample and keep enough rigidity) rectangular metal plate, in this rectangular metal plate, be provided with several for the circular hole of fixing device of the present invention, one side in this rectangular metal plate is provided with several for the circular hole of fixing test sample (as lathe tool etc.), and be at least provided with two parallel grooves at its another side, in the side of this rectangular metal plate, be provided with specimen (as lathe tool etc.) installing hole, and this installing hole is communicated with the described circular hole for fixing test sample (as lathe tool etc.),
Described second layer track plates is a rectangular metal plate, in described rectangular metal plate, be provided with several for the circular hole of fixing device of the present invention, in the one side of this rectangular metal plate, be at least provided with two parallel grooves and be also at least provided with two parallel grooves and vertical (space) in aforementioned two parallel grooves at its another side;
Described the 3rd layer of track plates is a rectangular metal plate, is provided with several for the circular hole of fixing device of the present invention in described rectangular metal plate, in the one side of this rectangular metal plate, is at least provided with two parallel grooves;
Described outside framework is a rectangular metal frame, one side in described rectangular metal frame is provided with several for circular hole and a flange of fixing device of the present invention, this flange is provided with several for the circular hole of sensor installation, in a side of described rectangular metal frame, be provided with fixture and for the groove of sensor installation, another side in described rectangular metal frame is also provided with the groove for sensor installation, and two described grooves are vertical (plane) relation each other, in the side with flange, be also provided with the groove of fixing test sample (as lathe tool etc.),
Described underframe is: with knuckle, be the rectangular metal plate of the flanging of 90 ° on one side, on the non-flanging limit of described rectangular metal plate and be provided with a flange with the flange matching part of described outside framework, on this flange, be provided with the circular hole for sensor installation, on the flanging of described rectangular metal plate, be provided with for stationary device, on the face of described rectangular metal plate, be provided with several for fixing circular hole;
Adopt fixture, by be arranged on described the 3rd layer of track plates and outside framework for fixing circular hole, the 3rd layer of track plates is fixedly connected with outside framework, and makes the 3rd layer of parallel groove on track plates be the shape that makes progress, obtain connector A;
Adopt fixture, by being arranged on the fixture on connector A China and foreign countries frame facet and being arranged on fixture on the flanging of above-mentioned underframe, connector A is fixedly connected with described underframe, obtain connector B;
In gained connector B, put into successively some single ball retainers and steel ball, second layer track plates, some single ball retainers and steel ball, ground floor track plates, top layer plane steel ball retainer and some steel balls and top layer pressing plate, adopt fixture by being arranged on the circular hole on each parts (as the 3rd layer of track plates, second layer track plates, ground floor track plates, top layer plane steel ball retainer and top layer pressing plate), be fixed in connector B on the 3rd layer of track plates, obtain device of the present invention;
Wherein: ground floor track plates and second layer track plates are placed in outside framework, and have spacing between ground floor track plates and second layer track plates and outside framework.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of simultaneously measuring turning force in three directions device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of top layer pressing plate in a kind of device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of top layer plane steel ball retainer in a kind of device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of ground floor track plates in a kind of device of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of second layer track plates in a kind of device of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the 3rd layer of track plates in a kind of device of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of outside framework in a kind of device of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of underframe in a kind of device of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a kind of assembling schematic diagram of device of the present invention;
Wherein:
Described in 1-, install hold-down screw (totally 5); 2-specimen hold-down screw (totally 5); 3-top layer pressing plate, the circular hole of the fixing device of the present invention of 3a-, the circular hole of 3b-fixing test sample (as lathe tool etc.);
4-top layer steel ball plane retainer, the circular hole of the fixing device of the present invention of 4a-, the circular hole of 4b-fixing test sample (as lathe tool etc.), 4c-keeps the circular hole of the present invention's steel ball used;
5-ground floor track plates, the circular hole of the fixing device of the present invention of 5a-, the circular hole of 5b-fixing test sample (as lathe tool etc.), 5d-specimen (as lathe tool etc.) installing hole, 5e-groove;
6-specimen (as lathe tool); The single ball retainer of 7-(totally 4);
8-the second track plates, the circular hole of the fixing device of the present invention of 8a-, 8d-groove, 8d-groove;
9-fixture (as pin etc., totally 2); 10-sensor (X, Y, each, Z direction); 11-installation of sensors screw; 12-sensor fixation plate mounting screw; 13-sensor fixation plate;
The 3rd layer of track plates of 14-, the circular hole of the fixing device of the present invention of 14a-, 14a1-fixes the 3rd layer of track plates in the circular hole of outside framework, 14d-groove;
15-outside framework, 15e-fixture, 15f-flange, 15g-is for groove (side of outside framework) the 15h-spring mounting hole of sensor installation, the groove of 15i-fixing test sample (as lathe tool etc.);
16-underframe, 16g-is for the groove (flange) of sensor installation, 16f-flange, 16j-fixture, 16k-is by device of the present invention and the fixing circular hole of lathe;
17-fixes the 3rd layer of track plates in the screw of outside framework.
The specific embodiment
In preferred technical scheme of the present invention, thickness at described ground floor track plates is more than or equal to 40mm (preferred thickness is 40mm~45mm), two parallel grooves are set on described ground floor track plates, and one is that rectangular recess, one are " V " connected in star.
In another preferred technical scheme of the present invention, on described second layer track plates, the set parallel groove number of every one side (totally two faces) is two, preferred technical scheme is: the parallel groove that two " V " shapes are set in one side therein, and on another side, arrange one for rectangle, another is two parallel grooves of " V " shape, and two groups of parallel grooves spatial vertical each other.
In a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, on described the 3rd layer of track plates, two parallel grooves are set, and two are " V " connected in star.
In a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, on the side of described outside framework, with respect to peace (dress), have the side of sensor groove side to be provided with spring mounting hole, and the axle center spacing of the axle center of described spring mounting hole and sensor installation groove is less than or equal to 15 millimeters.
In a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, between ground floor track plates and second layer track plates and outside framework, there is 0.5mm~1.0mm spacing.
The operation principle of device of the present invention is described below:
1, Z-direction force measurement principle
Z direction power: act on vertically downward on lathe tool, lathe tool is fixed on outside framework, outside framework is formed and is flexibly connected with underframe by bearing pin, Z direction power sensor one end is connected with outside framework, the other end is bearing on underframe, and therefore, the Z direction power acting on lathe tool can be delivered on sensor.If Z direction power size is F z, Z direction power is S to the horizontal range at bearing pin center fZ, power center sensor is S to the horizontal range at bearing pin center tZ, the Z direction power of sensor gained size F tZwith F zpass be:
F Z = F TZ × S TZ S FZ
Between outside framework and underframe, band can adopt the guide tracked of vertical direction to be connected, and can measure Z-direction power equally.
2, X and Y-direction force measurement principle:
X and Y-direction power are the cutting force of horizontal direction, and X-direction power is (lathe guide rail direction) vertically, and Y-direction power is for radially, and comparatively speaking, X and Y-direction power are less than Z-direction power.
Mainly by top layer pressing plate, top layer plane steel ball retainer, ground floor track plates, second layer track plates, the 3rd layer of track plates, single ball retainer, outside framework, the device that underframe and some steel balls form, the 3rd layer of track plates and outside framework connect firmly, and be connected with the rolling guide of second layer track plates by a pair of Y-direction, relative the 3rd layer of track plates of second layer track plates can only be free to slide along Y-direction; The rolling guide to directions X is connected by another for second layer track plates and ground floor track plates, and the relative second layer track plates of ground floor track plates can only be free to slide along directions X; Between ground floor track plates and second layer track plates and outside framework surrounding, be all designed with the gap of 1 millimeter, therefore, ground floor track plates can be done the movement of ± 1 millimeter along X, Y both direction with respect to outside framework.
Between top layer pressing plate and the 3rd layer of track plates, by (5) connecting bolt, be connected, thereby limited ground floor track plates and second layer track plates in the motion of Z direction; And by plane steel ball, keep in touch and compress between top layer pressing plate and ground floor track plates, ground floor track plates can be moved along any direction with respect to top layer pressing plate.After (5) connecting bolt is tightened,, under the prerequisite that keeps the relative outside framework of ground floor track plates to move freely along X, Y-direction, limited the relative motion of its Z direction.Thereby can realize X, Y-direction cutting force measurement.
Two sensors of X, Y-direction all " top " on ground floor track plates, spring by sensor opposite applies pretightning force to guarantee that sliding carriage is pressed on sensor all the time, because the rigidity of sensor is far longer than the rigidity of spring, so spring can not affect the certainty of measurement of sensor.Due to the effect of rolling guide, the suffered X of cutter, the directed force F of Y-direction x, F yequivalence acts on two sensors and can not influence each other respectively, thereby has guaranteed certainty of measurement.
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the present invention is further elaborated, its object is only better to understand content of the present invention.All all should be considered as falling into protection scope of the present invention with reference to the spin-off of design principle of the present invention.
A kind of device of simultaneously measuring three-dimensional (X, Y and Z direction) cutting force of the present invention, it is mainly by top layer pressing plate, top layer plane steel ball retainer, ground floor track plates, second layer track plates, the 3rd layer of track plates, single ball retainer, outside framework, underframe and some steel balls form (Fig. 9);
Wherein, described top layer pressing plate 3 is a rectangular metal plate, is provided with the circular hole 3b (Fig. 2) of several circular hole 3a for fixing device of the present invention and specimen (as lathe tool etc.) in described rectangular metal plate;
It is at least the metallic plate of the flanging of 90 ° at four angles with equidirectional and knuckle that described top layer plane steel ball retainer 4 is one, on this metallic plate, be provided with some circular holes, described circular hole comprises: for the circular hole 4a of fixing device of the present invention, for the circular hole 4b of fixing test sample (as lathe tool etc.) with keep the circular hole 4c (Fig. 3) of the present invention's steel ball used;
The rectangular metal plate that described ground floor track plates 5 is 40mm~45mm for thickness, in this rectangular metal plate, be provided with several for the circular hole 5a of fixing device of the present invention, one side in this rectangular metal plate is provided with several for the circular hole 5b of fixing test sample (as lathe tool etc.) and is provided with two parallel groove 5e at its another side, the side of this rectangular metal plate be provided with specimen (as lathe tool etc.) installing hole 5d and this installing hole 5e with as described in for the circular hole 5b of fixing test sample (as lathe tool etc.), be communicated with (Fig. 4);
Described second layer track plates 8 is a rectangular metal plate, in described rectangular metal plate, be provided with several for the circular hole 8a of fixing device of the present invention, in the one side of this rectangular metal plate, be provided with two parallel groove 8d and be also provided with two parallel groove 8d and vertical (space) in aforementioned two parallel groove 8d (Fig. 5) at its another side;
Described the 3rd layer of track plates 14 is a rectangular metal plate, in described rectangular metal plate, be provided with several for the circular hole 14a of fixing device of the present invention with for fixing the 3rd layer of track plates in the circular hole 14a1 of outside framework, in the one side of this rectangular metal plate, be provided with two parallel groove 14d (Fig. 6);
Described outside framework is a rectangular metal frame, one side in described rectangular metal frame is provided with several for circular hole (Fig. 7 does not mark) and a flange 15f of fixing device of the present invention, this flange 15f is provided with several grooves for sensor installation (Fig. 7 does not mark), in a side of described rectangular metal frame, be provided with fixture 15e and for the groove 15g of sensor installation, in another side of described rectangular metal frame, be also provided with the groove 15g for sensor installation, and two described grooves are vertical (plane) relation each other
On the side of described outside framework 15, with respect to peace (dress), have the side of sensor groove 15g side to be provided with spring mounting hole 15h, and the axle center spacing of the axle center of described spring mounting hole 15h and sensor installation groove 15g is less than or equal to 15 millimeters.In addition in the side with flange 15f, be also provided with, the groove 15i (Fig. 7) of fixing test sample (as lathe tool etc.);
Referring to Fig. 8, described underframe 16 is: with knuckle, be the rectangular metal plate of 90 ° of flangings on one side, on the non-flanging limit of described rectangular metal plate and be provided with a flange 16f with the flange 15f matching part of described outside framework, on this flange 16f, be provided with the groove 16g for sensor installation, on the flanging of described rectangular metal plate, be provided with for stationary device 16j, on the face of described rectangular metal plate, be provided with several for fixing circular hole 16k (by device of the present invention and the fixing circular hole of lathe);
Adopt screw 17, by be arranged on circular hole 14a1 on described the 3rd layer of track plates 14 and outside framework 15 for fixing circular hole (figure does not mark), the 3rd layer of track plates 14 is fixedly connected with outside framework 15, and make the 3rd layer of parallel groove 14d on track plates 14 be upwards shape, obtain connector A;
Adopt fixture 9, by being arranged on the fixture 15e on outside framework 15 sides in connector A and being arranged on fixture 16j on the flanging of above-mentioned underframe 16, connector A is fixedly connected with described underframe 16, obtain connector B;
In gained connector B, put into successively 2 single ball retainers 7 and steel ball, second layer track plates 8, article 2, single ball retainer 7 and steel ball, ground floor track plates 5, top layer plane steel ball retainer 4 and some steel balls and top layer pressing plate 3, adopt fixture screw 1, by being arranged on each parts (as the 3rd layer of track plates 14, second layer track plates 8, ground floor track plates 5, top layer plane steel ball retainer 4 and top layer pressing plate 3) on circular hole (3a, 4a, 5a, 8a and 14a), be fixed in connector B on the 3rd layer of track plates 14, obtain device of the present invention,
Wherein: ground floor track plates 5 and second layer track plates 8 are placed in outside framework 15, and ground floor track plates 5 and second layer track plates 8 and 15 spacing that have 0.5 millimeter to 1.0 millimeters of outside framework.
When carrying out cutting force test, adopt installation of sensors screw 11 that sensor 10 is arranged on respectively to groove 15g, groove 15g (on flange 15f, in Fig. 7, do not mark) and groove 16g is above, the peripheral reusable sensor fixed head 13 of each sensor is fixed (adopting sensor fixation plate mounting screw 12);
Adopt specimen hold-down screw 2, by circular hole 3b, 4b and 5b, specimen (as lathe tool) 6 is fixed in the specimen installing hole 5d of ground floor track plates 5.The device that measuring car cutter 6 and sensor 10 are installed is fixed on lathe by circular hole 16k, is communicated with test macro, in X, Y and Z-direction, test device of the present invention with calibration load, test result is in Table 1 simultaneously.
Table 1
Figure BSA00000632386800071
As shown in Table 1, the device of simultaneously measuring three-dimensional (X, Y and Z-direction) Cutting Force provided by the invention can better guarantee each self-metering " independence ", has preferably accuracy.

Claims (8)

1. measure a device for turning force in three directions simultaneously, it is characterized in that, described device is mainly by top layer pressing plate, top layer plane steel ball retainer, ground floor track plates, second layer track plates, the 3rd layer of track plates, single ball retainer, outside framework, underframe and some steel balls form;
Wherein, described top layer pressing plate is a rectangular metal plate, is provided with several for the circular hole of fixing described device and specimen in described rectangular metal plate;
It is at least the metallic plate of the flanging of 90 ° at four angles with equidirectional and knuckle that described top layer plane steel ball retainer is one, is provided with some circular holes for fixing described device, for the circular hole of fixing test sample with keep the circular hole of steel ball used on this metallic plate;
Described ground floor track plates is for having certain thickness rectangular metal plate, at ground floor track plates, be provided with several for the circular hole of fixing described device, in the one side of ground floor track plates, be provided with several and at its another side, be at least provided with two parallel grooves for the circular hole of fixing test sample, in the side of ground floor track plates, be provided with specimen installing hole and this installing hole to be communicated with the circular hole for fixing test sample on described ground floor track plates;
Described second layer track plates is a rectangular metal plate, on second layer track plates, be provided with several for the circular hole of fixing described device, in the one side of second layer track plates, be at least provided with two parallel grooves and the parallel groove that is also at least provided with two parallel grooves and two sides at its another side spatial vertical relation each other;
Described the 3rd layer of track plates is a rectangular metal plate, is provided with several for the circular hole of fixing described device on the 3rd layer of track plates, in the one side of the 3rd layer of track plates, is at least provided with two parallel grooves;
Described outside framework is a rectangular metal frame, one side in described rectangular metal frame is provided with several for circular hole and a flange of fixing described device, this flange is provided with several for the circular hole of sensor installation, in a side of described rectangular metal frame, be provided with fixture and for the groove of sensor installation, another side in described rectangular metal frame is also provided with the groove for sensor installation, and for the groove of sensor installation plane vertical relation each other, in the side with flange, be also provided with the groove of fixing test sample described in two;
Described underframe is: with knuckle, be the rectangular metal plate of the flanging of 90 ° on one side, on the non-flanging limit of underframe and be provided with a flange with the flange matching part of described outside framework, on this flange, be provided with the circular hole for sensor installation, on the flanging of underframe, be provided with for stationary device, on the face of underframe, be provided with several for fixing circular hole;
Adopt fixture, by be arranged on described the 3rd layer of track plates and outside framework for fixing circular hole, the 3rd layer of track plates is fixedly connected with outside framework, and makes the 3rd layer of parallel groove on track plates be the shape that makes progress, obtain connector A;
Adopt fixture, by being arranged on the fixture on connector A China and foreign countries frame facet and being arranged on fixture on the flanging of above-mentioned underframe, connector A is fixedly connected with described underframe, obtain connector B;
In gained connector B, put into successively some single ball retainers and steel ball, second layer track plates, some single ball retainers and steel ball, ground floor track plates, top layer plane steel ball retainer and some steel balls and top layer pressing plate, adopt fixture by being arranged on the 3rd layer of circular hole on track plates, second layer track plates, ground floor track plates, top layer plane steel ball retainer and top layer pressing plate, be fixed in connector B on the 3rd layer of track plates, obtain described device;
Wherein: ground floor track plates and second layer track plates are placed in outside framework, and have spacing between ground floor track plates and second layer track plates and outside framework, this spacing is less than or equal to 1 millimeter.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, wherein, on the side of described outside framework, with respect to the side that sensor groove side is installed, be provided with spring mounting hole, and the axle center spacing of the axle center of described spring mounting hole and sensor installation groove is less than or equal to 15 millimeters.
3. device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, wherein, the spacing between ground floor track plates and second layer track plates and outside framework is 0.5 millimeter~1.0 millimeters.
4. device as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, wherein, the thickness of ground floor track plates is more than or equal to 40 millimeters, and two parallel grooves are set on described ground floor track plates, and one is that rectangular recess, one are " V " connected in star.
5. device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, wherein, the thickness of described ground floor track plates is 40 millimeters~45 millimeters.
6. device as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, wherein, on second layer track plates, in every one side, set parallel groove number is two.
7. device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, wherein, the parallel groove of two " V " shapes is set in the one side of described second layer track plates, and on another side, arrange one for rectangle, another is two parallel grooves of " V " shape, and two groups of parallel grooves spatial vertical each other.
8. device as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, wherein, on the 3rd layer of track plates, two parallel grooves are set, and two is " V " connected in star.
CN201110407455.1A 2011-12-09 2011-12-09 Device for simultaneously measuring turning force in three directions Expired - Fee Related CN102490085B (en)

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CN105108185A (en) * 2015-09-28 2015-12-02 天津商业大学 Turning dynamometer connecting base suitable for different lathe saddles
CN105583692B (en) * 2016-03-02 2017-06-27 吉林大学 A kind of three-dimensional cutting force measurement method and device of fast tool servo turning
CN109877645A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-06-14 北京航空航天大学 CFRP- metal co-curing material universe turning force prediction method and device

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CN102267069A (en) * 2011-05-06 2011-12-07 南京航空航天大学 Test platform of three-dimensional dynamic force during super-high-rotating-speed cutting

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