CN102490085A - Device for simultaneously measuring turning force in three directions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for simultaneously measuring three-directional turning forces. The device is mainly composed of a top laminate, a top plane steel ball cage, a first layer of track plates, a second layer of track plates, a third layer of track plates, a single row of steel ball cages, an outer frame, a bottom frame and a number of steel balls . The particular advantage of this device is that it can be used to measure cutting forces in three directions (X, Y and Z directions) simultaneously, and can ensure the "independence" of each measurement, thereby realizing accurate measurement.

Description

Simultaneous measurement of three-way turning force device

technical field

The invention relates to a device for measuring cutting force, in particular to a device for simultaneously measuring the three-way cutting force of a turning tool when turning materials.

Background technique

Cutting force is one of the important physical phenomena in the cutting process, and the magnitude of the cutting force is related to the workpiece material and cutting factors. It directly affects the deformation of the process system, cutting temperature, tool wear and power consumption. Therefore, how to accurately measure the cutting force (especially simultaneously and accurately measure the cutting force in three directions) has become a subject of concern.

Contents of the invention

The inventor of the present invention has developed a device for measuring turning force through intensive and extensive research. The special advantage of this device is that it can be used to measure cutting forces in three directions (X, Y and Z axis directions) simultaneously, and can ensure the "independence" of each measurement, thereby realizing accurate measurement.

The device for simultaneously measuring the turning force in three directions (X, Y and Z axis directions) of the present invention is mainly composed of a top layer pressing plate, a top layer plane steel ball cage, a first layer of track plates, a second layer of track plates, a third layer of Track plate, single row steel ball cage, outer frame, chassis and some steel balls;

Wherein, the top laminate is a rectangular metal plate, and several round holes for fixing the device of the present invention and test samples (such as turning tools, etc.) are arranged on the rectangular metal plate;

The top planar steel ball cage is a metal plate with at least four corners in the same direction and a 90° folded edge, and a number of round holes are arranged on the metal plate, and the round holes include: Fix the round hole of the device of the present invention, the round hole used to fix the test sample (such as turning tool, etc.) and the round hole that keeps the steel ball used in the present invention;

The first layer of track plate is a rectangular metal plate with a certain thickness (there is no special requirement for its thickness, as long as the test sample can be installed and sufficient rigidity can be maintained). The round holes of the device described in the invention are provided with several round holes for fixing test samples (such as turning tools, etc.) on one side of the rectangular metal plate, and at least two parallel grooves are arranged on the other side, and the The side of the rectangular metal plate is provided with a test sample (such as a turning tool, etc.) mounting hole, and the mounting hole communicates with the circular hole for fixing the test sample (such as a turning tool, etc.);

The second track plate is a rectangular metal plate, on which several round holes for fixing the device of the present invention are arranged, and at least two parallel concave holes are arranged on one side of the rectangular metal plate. groove, and at least two parallel grooves are provided on the other side thereof, and are perpendicular (space) to the aforementioned two parallel grooves;

The third track plate is a rectangular metal plate, on which several round holes for fixing the device of the present invention are arranged, and at least two parallel recesses are arranged on one side of the rectangular metal plate. groove;

The outer frame is a rectangular metal frame, and one side of the rectangular metal frame is provided with several round holes for fixing the device of the present invention and a flange, and the flange is provided with several holes for installing sensors. The round hole is provided with a fixing device and a groove for installing a sensor on one side of the rectangular metal frame, and a groove for installing a sensor is also provided on the other side of the rectangular metal frame, and the The two grooves are in a vertical (plane) relationship with each other, and a groove for fixing test samples (such as turning tools, etc.) is also provided on the side with the flange;

The underframe is: a rectangular metal plate with a folded edge with a fold angle of 90° on one side, and a flange is provided on the non-folded side of the rectangular metal plate and matched with the flange of the outer frame , a round hole for installing the sensor is provided on the flange, a device for fixing is provided on the folded edge of the rectangular metal plate, and several circles for fixing are provided on the surface of the rectangular metal plate hole;

Fixing parts are used to fix the third layer of track plate and the outer frame through the fixed round holes arranged on the third layer of track plate and the outer frame, and make the parallel grooves on the third layer of track plate It is upward, and the connecting piece A is obtained;

Connecting piece A is fixedly connected to the bottom frame by using the fixing piece, the fixing device arranged on the side of the outer frame in the connecting piece A and the fixing device arranged on the flange of the above-mentioned bottom frame, and the connecting piece B is obtained;

In the obtained connector B, put several single-row steel ball cages and steel balls, the second layer of track plates, several single-row steel ball cages and steel balls, the first layer of track plates, and the top layer of flat steel ball cages. And a number of steel balls and top laminates, using fixing parts to pass through the round holes set on each component (such as the third track plate, the second track plate, the first track plate, the top plane steel ball cage and the top laminate) , it is fixed on the third layer of track plate in the connector B to obtain the device of the present invention;

Wherein: the first layer of track slabs and the second layer of track slabs are placed in the outer frame, and there is a distance between the first layer of track slabs, the second layer of track slabs and the outer frame.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for simultaneously measuring three-way turning force according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the top laminate in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the top planar steel ball cage in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the first layer of track plates in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second layer of track plates in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a kind of schematic diagram of the third layer track plate in the device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an outer frame in a device according to the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an underframe in a device according to the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of assembly of the device of the present invention;

in:

1-the device fixing screw (5 in total); 2-test sample fixing screw (5 in total); 3-top laminate, 3a-fixing the round hole of the device of the present invention, 3b-fixing the test sample (such as car knife, etc.) hole;

4-top floor steel ball plane cage, 4a-fixed circular hole of device of the present invention, 4b-fixed circular hole of test sample (as turning tool etc.), 4c-keeps the circular hole of steel ball used in the present invention;

5-first layer of track plate, 5a-fixed circular hole of device of the present invention, 5b-fixed circular hole of test sample (such as turning tool etc.), 5d-test sample (such as turning tool etc.) mounting hole, 5e- groove;

6-Test samples (such as turning tools); 7-Single-row steel ball cage (4 pieces in total);

8-second track plate, 8a-fixed circular hole of the device of the present invention, 8d-groove, 8d-groove;

9-Fixer (such as pins, 2 in total); 10-Sensor (one in X, Y, Z direction); 11-Sensor mounting screw; 12-Sensor fixing plate mounting screw; 13-Sensor fixing plate;

14-the third layer of track plate, 14a-fix the round hole of the device of the present invention, 14a1-fix the third layer of track plate in the round hole of the outer frame, 14d-groove;

15-outer frame, 15e-fixing device, 15f-flange, 15g-groove for installing sensor (on the side of the outer frame) 15h-spring mounting hole, 15i-recess for fixing test sample (such as turning tool, etc.) groove;

16-underframe, 16g-the groove (on the flange) that is used to install sensor, 16f-flange, 16j-fixing device, 16k-the round hole that device of the present invention is fixed with machine tool;

17-Screws to fix the third layer track plate to the outer frame.

Detailed ways

In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the thickness of the first track plate is greater than or equal to 40 mm (more preferably, the thickness is 40 mm to 45 mm), and two parallel grooves are arranged on the first track plate. grooves, and one is a rectangular groove, and the other is a "V" shaped groove.

In another preferred technical solution of the present invention, on the second layer track plate, the number of parallel grooves set on each side (two sides in total) is two, and the more preferred technical solution is: on one side Two "V"-shaped parallel grooves are provided, and two parallel grooves with one rectangular shape and the other "V"-shaped parallel grooves are arranged on the other surface, and the two sets of parallel grooves are spatially perpendicular to each other.

In yet another preferred technical solution of the present invention, two parallel grooves are provided on the track plate of the third layer, and both of them are "V" shaped grooves.

In yet another preferred technical solution of the present invention, on the side of the outer frame, a spring installation hole is provided on the side opposite to the side where the sensor groove is installed (installed), and the axis of the spring installation hole is in line with the The distance between the axes of the sensor grooves is less than or equal to 15mm.

In yet another preferred technical solution of the present invention, there is a distance of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm between the first layer of track slabs and the second layer of track slabs and the outer frame.

The operating principle of the device of the present invention is set forth as follows:

1. Measuring principle of Z force

Z-direction force: acts vertically downward on the turning tool, the turning tool is fixed on the outer frame, and the outer frame forms a movable connection with the bottom frame through a pin shaft. One end of the Z-direction force sensor is connected to the outer frame, and the other end is supported on the bottom frame. Thus, Z-direction forces acting on the turning tool are transferred to the sensor. If the force in the Z direction is F _Z , the horizontal distance from the force in the Z direction to the center of the pin shaft is S _FZ , and the horizontal distance from the center of the force sensor to the center of the pin shaft is S _TZ , then the force in the Z direction obtained by the sensor is F _TZ and F _Z The relationship is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; S</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; S</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; FZ</span>}}}$

The belt between the outer frame and the bottom frame can be connected by a vertical guide rail, and the Z-direction force can also be measured.

2. Measuring principle of X and Y direction force:

The X and Y direction forces are cutting forces in the horizontal direction, the X direction force is along the axial direction (the direction of the lathe guide rail), and the Y direction force is radial. Relatively speaking, the X and Y direction forces are smaller than the Z direction force.

It is mainly composed of top laminate, top plane steel ball cage, first layer track plate, second layer track plate, third layer track plate, single row steel ball cage, outer frame, bottom frame and several steel balls. The third layer of track plate is fixedly connected with the outer frame, and connected with the second layer of track plate through a pair of Y-direction rolling guides, so that the second layer of track plate can only slide freely along the Y direction relative to the third layer of track plate; The second track plate is connected with the first track plate through another pair of rolling guide rails in the X direction, so that the first track plate can only slide freely in the X direction relative to the second track plate; the first track plate and the second track plate There is a gap of 1 mm between the track plate of the first layer and the outer frame. Therefore, the track plate of the first layer can move ±1 mm in the X and Y directions relative to the outer frame.

The top laminate and the third track plate are connected by (5) connecting bolts, thus limiting the movement of the first track plate and the second track plate in the Z direction; and the top laminate and the first track plate The first layer of track plate can move in any direction relative to the top layer of pressing plate through the contact and compression of the plane steel ball. After the (5) connecting bolts are tightened, the relative movement in the Z direction is restricted under the premise that the first layer of track plate can move freely in the X and Y directions relative to the outer frame. Thus, the measurement of cutting force in X and Y directions can be realized.

The two sensors in the X and Y directions are "topped" on the first layer of the track board, and the spring opposite to the sensor is used to apply a pre-tightening force to ensure that the slide plate of the tool holder is always pressed against the sensor, because the stiffness of the sensor is much greater than that of the spring Stiffness, so the spring will not affect the measurement accuracy of the sensor. Due to the action of the rolling guide rail, the forces F _X and F _Y in the X and Y directions of the tool act on the two sensors in equivalent values without mutual influence, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy.

The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the purpose of which is only to better understand the content of the present invention. All derivatives referring to the design principles of the present invention shall be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

A device for simultaneously measuring cutting force in three directions (X, Y and Z directions) according to the present invention mainly consists of a top layer pressing plate, a top layer plane steel ball cage, a first layer of track plates, a second layer of track plates, a third layer of Layer track plate, single row steel ball cage, outer frame, bottom frame and some steel balls (Figure 9);

Wherein, the top laminate 3 is a rectangular metal plate, on which several circular holes 3a for fixing the device of the present invention and circular holes 3b of test samples (such as turning tools, etc.) are provided on the rectangular metal plate ( figure 2);

The top planar steel ball cage 4 is a metal plate with flanges at least in the same direction and at 90° at four corners, and a number of circular holes are arranged on the metal plate, and the circular holes include: For fixing the round hole 4a of the device of the present invention, the round hole 4b for fixing the test sample (such as turning tool etc.) and the round hole 4c (Fig. 3) for keeping the used steel ball of the present invention;

Described first layer track plate 5 is the rectangular metal plate that thickness is 40mm～45mm, is provided with several round holes 5a for fixing the device of the present invention on this rectangular metal plate, is provided with on one side of this rectangular metal plate Several circular holes 5b for fixing test samples (such as turning tools, etc.) are provided with two parallel grooves 5e on the other side, and test samples (such as turning tools, etc.) are installed on the side of the rectangular metal plate. Hole 5d, and this mounting hole 5e communicates with the circular hole 5b (Fig. 4) for fixing the test sample (such as turning tool etc.);

Described second layer track plate 8 is a rectangular metal plate, is provided with several round holes 8a for fixing the device of the present invention on described rectangular metal plate, is provided with two parallel holes 8a on one side of this rectangular metal plate. The groove 8d is also provided with two parallel grooves 8d on its other side, and is perpendicular (space) to the aforementioned two parallel grooves 8d (Fig. 5);

The third layer of track plate 14 is a rectangular metal plate, on which several round holes 14a for fixing the device of the present invention and holes 14a for fixing the third layer of track plate to the outer frame are provided on the rectangular metal plate. A circular hole 14a1 is provided with two parallel grooves 14d (Fig. 6) on one side of the rectangular metal plate;

The outer frame is a rectangular metal frame, and one side of the rectangular metal frame is provided with several round holes (not marked in Fig. 7) and a flange 15f for fixing the device of the present invention, the flange 15f is provided with several grooves (not marked in Fig. 7) that are used to install sensors, and one side of the rectangular metal frame is provided with a fixing device 15e and grooves 15g for installing sensors. The other side of the metal frame is also provided with a groove 15g for installing the sensor, and the two grooves are vertical (plane) to each other,

On the side of described outer frame 15, be provided with spring installation hole 15h on the side with respect to being installed (installed) sensor groove 15g side, and the axle center of described spring installation hole 15h and the axis of installation sensor groove 15g The heart-to-heart distance is less than or equal to 15 mm. In addition, a groove 15i (Fig. 7) for fixing a test sample (such as a turning tool, etc.) is also provided on the side with the flange 15f;

Referring to Fig. 8, the underframe 16 is: a rectangular metal plate with a folded angle of 90° on one side, where the non-folded side of the rectangular metal plate matches the flange 15f of the outer frame Be provided with a flange 16f, be provided with the groove 16g that is used for installing sensor on this flange 16f, be provided with the device 16j that is used for fixing on the folding edge of described rectangular metal plate, on the face of described rectangular metal plate Be provided with several round holes 16k (the round holes that fix the device of the present invention and the machine tool) for fixing;

Adopt screw 17, pass through the round hole 14a1 that is arranged on the described third layer track plate 14 and the round hole (not marked) that is used for fixing on the outer frame 15, the third layer track plate 14 and outer frame 15 is fixedly connected, and the parallel groove 14d on the third layer of track plate 14 is upward, and the connector A is obtained;

Using the fixing part 9, the fixing device 15e arranged on the side of the outer frame 15 in the connecting part A and the fixing device 16j arranged on the flange of the above-mentioned bottom frame 16, the connecting part A is fixedly connected to the bottom frame 16, and the connection is obtained. item B;

In the obtained connector B, put 2 single-row steel ball cages 7 and steel balls, the second layer of track plates 8, 2 single-row steel ball cages 7 and steel balls, the first layer of track plates 5, The top planar steel ball cage 4 and some steel balls and the top laminate 3 adopt the fixing screw 1, and are arranged on each component (such as the third layer of track plate 14, the second layer of track plate 8, the first layer of track plate 5, The round holes (3a, 4a, 5a, 8a and 14a) on the top planar steel ball cage 4 and the top laminate 3) are fixed on the third layer of track plate 14 in the connector B to obtain the present invention. device;

Wherein: the first layer of track plate 5 and the second layer of track plate 8 are placed in the outer frame 15, and there is a distance of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm between the first layer of track plate 5 and the second layer of track plate 8 and the outer frame 15 .

When carrying out the cutting force test, the sensor 10 is respectively installed on the groove 15g, the groove 15g (on the flange 15f, not marked in Fig. 7 ) and the groove 16g by using the sensor mounting screw 11, and the periphery of each sensor is further Fix with sensor fixing plate 13 (adopt sensor fixing plate mounting screw 12);

Using the test sample fixing screw 2, the test sample (such as a turning tool) 6 is fixed in the test sample installation hole 5d of the first layer of track plate 5 through the round holes 3b, 4b and 5b. The device equipped with the turning tool 6 and the sensor 10 is fixed on the machine tool through the round hole 16k, connected to the test system, and the device of the present invention is tested with the calibration load in the X, Y and Z axis directions simultaneously. The test results are shown in Table 1 .

Table 1

It can be seen from Table 1 that the device for simultaneously measuring the turning forces in three directions (X, Y and Z axis directions) provided by the present invention can better guarantee the "independence" of each measurement and have better accuracy.

Claims (8)

1. A device for simultaneously measuring three-way turning force, characterized in that, said device is mainly composed of a top laminate, a top plane steel ball cage, a first floor track plate, a second floor track plate, a third floor track plate, Single row steel ball cage, outer frame, chassis and some steel balls; Wherein, the top laminate is a rectangular metal plate, on which several round holes for fixing the device and test samples of the present invention are arranged; The top planar steel ball cage is a metal plate with at least four corners in the same direction and a 90° folded edge, and a number of round holes are arranged on the metal plate, and the round holes include: Fix the round hole of the device of the present invention, the round hole for fixing the test sample and the round hole for keeping the steel ball used in the present invention; The first layer of track plate is a rectangular metal plate with a certain thickness, and several round holes for fixing the device of the present invention are arranged on the rectangular metal plate, and several holes for fixing the device of the present invention are arranged on one side of the rectangular metal plate. The round hole for fixing the test sample is provided with at least two parallel grooves on the other side, and the test sample mounting hole is arranged on the side of the rectangular metal plate, and the mounting hole is connected with the circular hole for fixing the test sample connected; The second track plate is a rectangular metal plate, on which several round holes for fixing the device of the present invention are arranged, and at least two parallel concave holes are arranged on one side of the rectangular metal plate. groove, and at least two parallel grooves are provided on the other side thereof, and the space is perpendicular to the aforementioned two parallel grooves; The third track plate is a rectangular metal plate, on which several round holes for fixing the device of the present invention are arranged, and at least two parallel recesses are arranged on one side of the rectangular metal plate. groove; The outer frame is a rectangular metal frame, and one side of the rectangular metal frame is provided with several round holes for fixing the device of the present invention and a flange, and the flange is provided with several holes for installing sensors. The round hole is provided with a fixing device and a groove for installing a sensor on one side of the rectangular metal frame, and a groove for installing a sensor is also provided on the other side of the rectangular metal frame, and the The two grooves are in a plane vertical relationship with each other, and there is also a groove for fixing the test sample on the side with the flange; The underframe is: a rectangular metal plate with a folded edge with a fold angle of 90° on one side, and a flange is provided on the non-folded side of the rectangular metal plate and matched with the flange of the outer frame , a round hole for installing the sensor is provided on the flange, a device for fixing is provided on the folded edge of the rectangular metal plate, and several circles for fixing are provided on the surface of the rectangular metal plate hole; Fixing parts are used to fix the third layer of track plate and the outer frame through the fixed round holes arranged on the third layer of track plate and the outer frame, and make the parallel grooves on the third layer of track plate It is upward, and the connecting piece A is obtained; Connecting piece A is fixedly connected to the bottom frame by using the fixing piece, the fixing device arranged on the side of the outer frame in the connecting piece A and the fixing device arranged on the flange of the above-mentioned bottom frame, and the connecting piece B is obtained; In the obtained connector B, put several single-row steel ball cages and steel balls, the second layer of track plates, several single-row steel ball cages and steel balls, the first layer of track plates, and the top layer of flat steel ball cages. And some steel balls and the top laminate, adopt the fixing part to pass through the circular holes arranged on the said parts, and fix it on the third layer of track plate in the connector B, to obtain the device of the present invention; Among them: the first layer of track plates and the second layer of track plates are placed in the outer frame, and there is a distance between the first layer of track plates and the second layer of track plates and the outer frame, and the distance is less than or equal to 1 mm. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein, on the side of the outer frame, a spring installation hole is arranged on the side opposite to the sensor groove side, and the spring installation hole The distance between the shaft center and the shaft center of the sensor groove is less than or equal to 15 mm. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the distance between the first layer of track plates and the second layer of track plates and the outer frame is 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm. 4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the first layer of track plate is greater than or equal to 40 mm, and two parallel grooves are arranged on the first layer of track plate, and one of them is rectangular Groove, one is "V", shaped groove. 5 . The device according to claim 4 , wherein the thickness of the first layer of track plates is 40 mm to 45 mm. 6 . 6. The device according to claim 5, wherein, on the second layer of the track plate, the number of parallel grooves provided on each surface is two. 7. The device according to claim 6, wherein, two "V" parallel grooves are set on one side of the second layer of track plate, and one is rectangular, and the other is set on the other side. One is two parallel grooves in a "V" shape, and the two sets of parallel grooves are vertical to each other in space. 8. The device according to claim 7, wherein two parallel grooves are arranged on the third layer of track plate, and both of them are "V" shaped grooves.

Images