CN102479659A - Ionization source and application thereof in aerosol detection - Google Patents
Ionization source and application thereof in aerosol detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN102479659A CN102479659A CN2010105667206A CN201010566720A CN102479659A CN 102479659 A CN102479659 A CN 102479659A CN 2010105667206 A CN2010105667206 A CN 2010105667206A CN 201010566720 A CN201010566720 A CN 201010566720A CN 102479659 A CN102479659 A CN 102479659A
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- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ionization source, in particular to an ionization source and application thereof in aerosol detection, comprising a direct-current high-voltage power supply, a high-voltage electrode, a ground electrode, an electrode bracket, a fixing bolt, an insulating column for adjusting the distance and the like; air loaded with aerosol particles under normal pressure enters between the positive discharge electrode and the negative discharge electrode, the aerosol particles are charged by using the line plate type corona discharge as an ionization source and used for ion mobility spectrometry, and potential harm to operators caused by using a radioactive ionization source can be avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ionization source in the analytical instrument; Specifically a kind of novel aerosol ionization technique; This new ionization source is used for balance particle diameter scanner measures the distribution of aerosol particle diameter; Not only can avoid the use of the radioactive ionization gauge source, and enlarge the area of space of aerosol ionization, improve the sensitivity that detects.
Background technology
Particulate is multiple solia particle and the liquid molecule that is suspended in the atmosphere.The dust that it is aerial; In the industry with transport service on the formed cigarette of unburnt fuel in the boiler used and the various engine; Formed solid dust when mining, quarry mill material and grain processing, artificial to shelter smoke screen and toxic smoke etc. all be aerocolloidal instantiation.When aerocolloidal concentration reaches enough high, will especially there be the crowd who breathes disease to threaten to human health to asthma patient and other.Airborne aerosol can also be propagated fungi and virus, and this may cause the popular of some regional diseases and outburst.Aerosol is to Global climate change, comprise that the current whole world attractes attention warm up, East Asian monsoon weakens and the influence of extreme weather events, has become the advanced subject that current international environmental science circle is paid close attention to the most.
Studying aerocolloidal particle diameter changes for understanding aerosol significant to weather and health effects with composition.Aerocolloidal effectively ionized be the prerequisite of utilizing electrical method and mass-spectrometry method to come the measurement of gas sol particles.At present, commercial electricity corpuscular counter (like DMA, DMS etc.) passed one earlier by radioelement before particulate gets into detecting instrument, and like 85Kr, the averager (neturalizer) that 241Am constitutes makes aerosol charged.It adopts diffusion ionization (diffusiondischarging) principle to make its particulate ionization, simultaneously highly ionized particulate neutralization.Ray particle is the N2 in the ionized air at first, and O2 produces N2+, the O2+ ion; Anion O2-and electronics etc., they and particulate reach balance.But the ionizing efficiency of this bipolarity ionization (bipolardischarging) is generally less than 5%.In addition, because safety inspection that its radioactivity is brought and special safety measure result in hand cramps for its practical application.
Therefore in recent years people at the positive on-radiation ionization source of seeking, in the hope of replacing traditional radioactivity
63The Ni ionization source.Recently, people such as Alonso (Aerosol Science 34 (2003) 733-745) have proposed a kind of needle plate formula corona discharge that utilizes, and can arrive 30% to the ionizing efficiency of 10nm particulate.The superiority of this design is to have utilized the higher curvature radius of pin electrode; The ion binding of certain polarity near pin electrode; Control gets into the ion that has only a kind of polarity (cation or anion) in aerosol ionization district; Thereby avoided the recombination process between the negative ions, improved ionizing efficiency.But receive the pin electrode size restrictions, the area of space of ionization is very little.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to the ionization source in the analytical instrument; Specifically a kind of novel unipolarity aerosol ionization technique; This new ionization source is used for balance particle diameter scanner measures the distribution of aerosol particle diameter; Not only can avoid the use of the radioactive ionization gauge source, and enlarge the area of space of aerosol ionization, improve the sensitivity that detects.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
A kind of ionization source comprises DC high-voltage power supply, high-field electrode, ground electrode, electrode suppor; High-field electrode is a wire, and it is as line electrode, and ground electrode is a metallic plate, and it is as plate electrode; The high-voltage output end of DC high-voltage power supply links to each other with high-field electrode, the earth terminal of DC high-voltage power supply links to each other with ground electrode; High-field electrode and ground electrode are fixed on the electrode suppor respectively abreast; Contain aerocolloidal air and feed between two sparking electrodes, utilize the board-like corona discharge of line as ionization source.
Between DC high-voltage power supply and high-field electrode and/or the connecting circuit between DC high-voltage power supply and ground electrode be in series with current-limiting resistance; Current-limiting resistance and positive and negative sparking electrode are connected with the positive and negative electrode of DC power supply through lead, form a series connection circuit;
High-field electrode and ground electrode be sparking electrode, be respectively the metallic plate of a fine wire and an any surface finish; The two is fixed on the electrode suppor of insulating material through the set bolt of insulation respectively;
Said electrode suppor is made up of two parallel supporting plates, and high-field electrode is individually fixed in two parallel supporting plates with ground electrode, is provided with the insulated column that is used to adjust two supporting plate spacings between two parallel supporting plates;
Said wire is tungsten filament, stainless steel wire or spun gold, and line directly is that 2um is between the 2mm;
The voltage range of DC high-voltage power supply is the DC power supply of 500V to 30kV.
Said ionization source in aerosol detects as the application of unipolarity aerosol ionization source.
This ionization source realizes that through between line electrode peace plate electrode, applying high-voltage DC power supply because near the electric field strength line electrode is very big, near the air the line electrode is easy to breakdown, forms primary electron and ion; Under electric field action, electronics and ion can with airborne molecule, atom and electrode surface collision, produce more electronics and ion, and the electronics that forms and ion can with effect generation recombination reaction such as surface.Last electronics and the generation of ion and the balance that consumption reaches a stable state, discharge at this moment will keep continuously, stablize.
The size of discharging current realizes through the current-limiting resistance that changes direct voltage and circuit.Current in loop can not surpass the rated current of power supply when anti-principal vertical line line electrode of the effect of current-limiting resistance and plate electrode short circuit, and main purpose is in order to protect DC power supply.Discharging current is at 1.0 milliamperes-500 milliamperes, and the resistance of the current-limiting resistance of external circuit becomes according to discharging current, generally at 1k Ω-5m Ω; Distance between positive and negative sparking electrode is that 0.5mm is to 3cm.
The effect of support also rises and avoids high-field electrode directly exposed outside except fixed electrode, prevents that operating personnel from coming to harm.
Advantage of the present invention is: utilize the board-like corona discharge of line under the atmospheric pressure as ionization source, use it for aerosol ionization.Compare with traditional radioactive source, major advantage comprises: on-radiation, and safe in utilization, can avoid the use of radioactive substance, avoided the trouble of examining, be convenient to apply in public; This ionization source is because the difference of electrode curvature radius; Make that near the electric field the line electrode is very strong; So just can be strapped near the line electrode having cation (or anion); And the ion distribution of opposite charges is between line electrode and ground electrode, thereby avoided compound between the negative ions, improved ionizing efficiency; This ionization source can be adjusted discharge range easily through the length that changes line electrode simultaneously, is convenient to adapt to different applications.
Compare with needle plate formula corona discharge ionization source, the board-like ionization source of this line also has some advantages.At first, compare with needle plate formula corona discharge, the board-like ionization source of line can produce more ion, and ionizing efficiency can be higher; On the other hand, the board-like corona discharge of line is Design and Machining more easily, and the spray point of needle plate formula corona discharge uses resistance to oxidation and corrosion resistant tungsten pin as electrode usually, is difficult to processing, also is difficult to obtain surface tungsten pin uniformly.Then there is not this situation in needle plate formula corona discharge, uses convenient; Be particularly suitable on the aerosol analytical instrument such as plane DMA and DMS.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further detailed explanation:
The structural representation of Fig. 1 unipolarity aerosol ionization source;
The particle size distribution that Fig. 2 utilizes unipolarity aerosol ionization source to measure.
Embodiment
The unipolarity aerosol ionization source that adopts among the present invention is a low temperature plasma under a kind of stable, atmospheric pressure, continuous, contains electronics, negative ions, excited state molecule and atom etc.It utilizes and applies the gas breakdown between high direct voltage bundle of lines electrode and the plate electrode, realizes stable discharge.The voltage that applies generally arrives volts up to ten thousand at several hectovolts, and electric current is at 1.0 microamperes to 5 milliamperes.
Its structural representation is as shown in Figure 1, and a kind of ionization source comprises DC high-voltage power supply 7, high-field electrode 1, ground electrode 2, electrode suppor 3; High-field electrode 1 is a spun gold, line directly be 2um between the 2mm, it is as line electrode, ground electrode 2 is the metallic plate of any surface finish, it is as plate electrode, the two is fixed on the electrode suppor 3 of insulating material through the set bolt 5 of insulation respectively; The high-voltage output end of DC high-voltage power supply 7 through lead through binding post 6 link to each other with high-field electrode 1, the earth terminal of DC high-voltage power supply 7 passes through lead and links to each other with ground electrode 2 through binding post 6;
High-field electrode 1 is fixed on the electrode suppor 3 respectively with ground electrode 2 abreast; Contain aerocolloidal air and feed between two sparking electrodes, utilize the board-like corona discharge of line as ionization source;
The connecting circuit that DC high-voltage power supply 7 and high-field electrode are 1 is in series with current-limiting resistance; Current-limiting resistance and positive and negative sparking electrode are connected with the positive and negative electrode of DC power supply through lead 8, form a series connection circuit;
Said electrode suppor 3 is made up of two parallel supporting plates, and high-field electrode 1 is individually fixed in two parallel supporting plates with ground electrode 2, is provided with the insulated column 4 that is used to adjust two supporting plate spacings between two parallel supporting plates.
Glow discharge under the atmospheric pressure is added in the direct voltage of 2 of high-field electrode 1 and ground electrodes by DC high-voltage power supply 7 and the current-limiting resistance of external circuit is realized; Discharging current is at 1.0 milliamperes-500 milliamperes; The resistance of the current-limiting resistance of external circuit becomes according to discharging current, generally at 1K Ω-5M Ω.
The distance that high-field electrode 1 and ground electrode are 2 be 0.5mm to 3cm, regulate the spacing of positive and negative sparking electrode through insulated column 4.
To between the 5cm, it depends on the line footpath size and the power source voltage of line electrode to distance between line electrode and the plate electrode at 0.5mm.High direct voltage is added on two electrodes, and the while external circuit is added with the current-limiting resistance of a suitable resistance and keeps discharge.The resistance of current-limiting resistance generally at 1k Ω between the 5m Ω.Current-limiting resistance plays significant amount of energy that consumes discharge generation and the effect of keeping discharge stability.
With big unipolarity aerosol ionization source recited above and the coupling of balance particle diameter scanner,, see document (Atomospheric Research, 82 (2006) 523-535) about the detailed introduction of balance particle diameter scanner as the ionization source of balance particle diameter scanner.
Electronegative aerosol ion forms and the process of analyzing and testing is: line electrode is fixed on the support 3 with an insulated column 5 that the gram material is made; The high-pressure side of negative high voltage power source links to each other with ground electrode 2 with line electrode respectively with resistance through high voltage bearing lead 8 with earth terminal; Be loaded with aerocolloidal air and between line electrode and plate electrode, gas discharge take place, produce the plasma that contains electronics, negative ions; Cation is bound near the line electrode, and electronics and anion are distributed in the most of space between line electrode and the plate electrode, and effective so electronegative aerosol anion and cation avoided takes place compound.The electronegative aerosol ion that produces gets into balance particle diameter scanner and analyzes under the effect of air-flow.
The particle size distribution that Fig. 2 utilizes unipolarity aerosol ionization source to measure.
Claims (9)
1. an ionization source is characterized in that: comprise DC high-voltage power supply (7), high-field electrode (1), ground electrode (2), electrode suppor (3);
High-field electrode (1) is a wire, and it is as line electrode, and ground electrode (2) is a metallic plate, and it is as plate electrode; The high-voltage output end of DC high-voltage power supply (7) links to each other with high-field electrode (1), the earth terminal of DC high-voltage power supply (7) links to each other with ground electrode (2);
High-field electrode (1) is fixed in respectively on the electrode suppor (3) with ground electrode (2) abreast; Contain aerocolloidal air and feed between two sparking electrodes, utilize the board-like corona discharge of line as ionization source.
2. according to the said ionization source of claim 1, it is characterized in that: between DC high-voltage power supply (7) and high-field electrode (1) and/or the connecting circuit between DC high-voltage power supply (7) and ground electrode (2) be in series with current-limiting resistance; Current-limiting resistance and positive and negative sparking electrode are connected with the positive and negative electrode of DC power supply through lead (8), form a series connection circuit.
3. according to the said ionization source of claim 1, it is characterized in that: high-field electrode (1) and ground electrode (2) for sparking electrode, be respectively the metallic plate of a fine wire and an any surface finish; The two is fixed on the electrode suppor (3) of insulating material through the set bolt (5) of insulation respectively.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 said ionization sources; It is characterized in that: said electrode suppor (3) is made up of two parallel supporting plates; High-field electrode (1) is individually fixed in two parallel supporting plates with ground electrode (2), is provided with the insulated column (4) that is used to adjust two supporting plate spacings between two parallel supporting plates.
5. according to the said ionization source of claim 1; It is characterized in that: the glow discharge under the atmospheric pressure is realized by direct voltage and the current-limiting resistance of external circuit that DC high-voltage power supply (7) is added between high-field electrode (1) and ground electrode (2); Discharging current is at 1.0 milliamperes-500 milliamperes; The resistance of the current-limiting resistance of external circuit becomes according to discharging current, generally at 1K Ω-5M Ω.
6. according to the said ionization source of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the distance between high-field electrode (1) and ground electrode (2) be 0.5mm to 3cm, the spacing of regulating positive and negative sparking electrode through insulated column (4).
7. according to the said ionization source of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said wire is tungsten filament, stainless steel wire or spun gold, and line directly is that 2um is between the 2mm.
8. according to the said ionization source of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the voltage range of DC high-voltage power supply (7) is the DC power supply of 500V to 30kV.
The said ionization source of claim 1 in aerosol detects as the application of unipolarity aerosol ionization source.
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| CN2010105667206A CN102479659A (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2010-11-30 | Ionization source and application thereof in aerosol detection |
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| CN2010105667206A CN102479659A (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2010-11-30 | Ionization source and application thereof in aerosol detection |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104677690A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-06-03 | 南京信息工程大学 | Automatic collecting device of atmospheric aerosol |
| CN105578699A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-05-11 | 河北大学 | Device and method for generating cold plasma brush |
| CN105632872A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-06-01 | 北京理工大学 | Novel corona discharge-based ion mobility spectrometry device |
| WO2017113804A1 (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-06 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Corona discharge assembly, ion mobility spectrometer and corona discharge method |
| CN108322991A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-07-24 | 青海师范大学 | A kind of semiclosed normal pressure double frequency large area glow discharge experimental provision |
| CN110793892A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-14 | 清华大学 | Unipolar aerosol charger using electrostatic dissipation material to generate gradient electric field |
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| CN101452806A (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-10 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Ionization source and its application in mass spectra or ion transfer |
| CN101581698A (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2009-11-18 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Aerosol field ionization electric charge source device |
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| CN1181906C (en) * | 2002-04-15 | 2004-12-29 | 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 | Device for removing harmful gas |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104677690A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-06-03 | 南京信息工程大学 | Automatic collecting device of atmospheric aerosol |
| CN104677690B (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2017-11-17 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of atmospheric aerosol automatic acquisition device |
| CN105578699A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-05-11 | 河北大学 | Device and method for generating cold plasma brush |
| CN105578699B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-06-08 | 河北大学 | A kind of device and method for generating cold plasma brush |
| WO2017113804A1 (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-06 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Corona discharge assembly, ion mobility spectrometer and corona discharge method |
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| CN105632872A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-06-01 | 北京理工大学 | Novel corona discharge-based ion mobility spectrometry device |
| CN108322991A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-07-24 | 青海师范大学 | A kind of semiclosed normal pressure double frequency large area glow discharge experimental provision |
| CN110793892A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-14 | 清华大学 | Unipolar aerosol charger using electrostatic dissipation material to generate gradient electric field |
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Application publication date: 20120530 |