CN102472224B - Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engine, nozzle blank and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engine, nozzle blank and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102472224B CN102472224B CN201080029728.7A CN201080029728A CN102472224B CN 102472224 B CN102472224 B CN 102472224B CN 201080029728 A CN201080029728 A CN 201080029728A CN 102472224 B CN102472224 B CN 102472224B
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- exterior side
- side parts
- combustion engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/80—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
- F02M2200/8046—Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly the manufacture involving injection moulding, e.g. of plastic or metal
Abstract
Provided are a fuel injection nozzle for an internal combustion engine, a nozzle blank, and a manufacturing method for the nozzle blank, wherein the production processes are simple, the productivity is high, and the production can be performed at a low cost and with a high precision. A fuel injection nozzle for an internal combustion engine has a two layer structure of different materials, comprised of a nozzle body and a nozzle tip outer surface member which is arranged to cover a tip outer surface side of the nozzle body. The nozzle body is formed of a mold which has been molded into a predetermined shape by a metal powder injection molding method and which has been subjected to degreasing to obtain a degreased body forming the nozzle body. Likewise, separately, the nozzle tip outer surface member is formed of a mold which has been molded into a predetermined shape by a metal powder injection molding method and which has been subjected to degreasing to obtain a degreased body forming the nozzle tip outer surface member. The degreased body forming the nozzle tip outer surface member is superimposed on the degreased body forming the nozzle body to cover the tip outer surface side of the degreased body forming the nozzle body and is subjected to diffusion sintering to thereby integrally unite them. It is preferable that a hot isostatic pressing operation be performed after the diffusion sintering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle, relate to a kind of be suitable for use in internal-combustion engine diesel engine particularly, excellent in te pins of durability and fuel injection nozzle, nozzle blank and manufacture method thereof at a low price.
Background technique
For the fuel injection nozzle 1 being configured in the firing chamber of internal-combustion engine of the use such as boats and ships, in the past, adopted following structure as shown in the sectional view of for example Fig. 5: have the valve seat 4 that is formed with jetburner 2a in a side end and is formed with needle-valve 3 in the opposing party's end nozzle tip (nozzle) 2 and can with valve seat 4 butts of this nozzle tip (nozzle) 2 the needle-valve 3 that sets, can be by the fuel of supplying with from fuel tank (not shown) via fuel passage 1a to spray from jetburner 2a set opportunity.Therefore, consider heat resistance, erosion resisting, nozzle tip (nozzle) 2 is for example made of Rapid Tool Steel SKH51.
But under the harsh service condition of high performance that is accompanied by recent years motor, in the situation that such nozzle tip (nozzle), durability is low, for the life-span of further prolonging nozzle head (nozzle), expectation improves durability.
For such expectation, for example, a kind of use for diesel engine fuel injection nozzle that can improve the life-span of nozzle tip (nozzle) has been proposed in patent document 1.In the technology of recording at patent document 1, utilize high Ni-Cr-Al class alloy to form nozzle tip (nozzle), and then making nozzle tip (nozzle) and valve seat split, the material that makes valve seat is the material (referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2) higher than the material hardness of nozzle tip (nozzle).In addition, in the technology of recording at patent document 1, preferably further making nozzle tip (nozzle) split is tip portion and base end part, being exposed to tip portion in firing chamber and being high Ni-Cr-Al class alloy and being mounted with the base end part that cap covers is the material high material also of hardness ratio nozzle tip (nozzle), by both metallurgy engage and become one.The technology of recording according to patent document 1, the significantly life-span of prolonging nozzle tip (nozzle).
In addition, in patent document 2, propose to have a kind of nozzle tip (nozzle) for jet nozzles, it consists of the mechanical alloying chromium nickel steel alloy that C, Al, Ti, Fe, N, O and yittrium oxide together alloyage are formed.In erodibility, chemistry and the thermal environment of the nozzle tip of the technology that patent document 2 is recorded (nozzle) in the firing chamber of the such internal-combustion engine of diesel engine, comparing with nozzle tip (nozzle) in the past, is durability of twice roughly during can having.In addition, in patent document 2, record following content: if an alloy that utilizes name to be called " inconel MA758 " (trade (brand) name) is manufactured nozzle tip for jet nozzles (nozzle), the durability becomes twice or three times.
In the technology of recording at patent document 1, patent document 2, making the tip portion in the firing chamber that is at least exposed to internal-combustion engine of nozzle tip for jet nozzles (nozzle) is high Ni-Cr-Al class alloy or mechanical alloying chromium nickel steel system, thereby improves the durability of nozzle tip (nozzle) for jet nozzles.And, in the technology of recording at patent document 1, preferably make the tip portion of nozzle tip for jet nozzles (nozzle) and minute body component that base end part is different materials system, and engage to make it integrated by the metallurgy of welding, crimping etc.
In addition,, in patent document 5, record the fuel injection nozzle of mode shown in Fig. 8.Matrix (central module) 2b that the fuel injection nozzle 1 that patent document 5 is recorded contains monolithic entity and be coated with the nozzle tip (nozzle) 2 of covering member (covering part outward) 2c at its underpart end.On the long axis direction of matrix 2b, be formed with long axis direction hole, this long axis direction hole has upper area, be disposed at its underpart and for the pressure chamber of the hydraulic pressure action of valve needle (needle-valve) 3 be disposed at the lower area of its underpart.In the technology of recording at patent document 5, covering member (covering part outward) 2c is formed by high temperature corrosion alloy.The covering member of high temperature corrosion alloy system and the suitable use laser of engaging of matrix application method, plasma spraying, welding or powder metallurgic method etc.
As the nozzle preparation method of the structure of such combination different materials, replace and make tip portion with base end part split and use the metallurgy of welding, crimping etc. to engage, the manufacture method that use has for example utilized the nozzle of the joint welding is proposed recently.
For example, in patent document 3, recorded the nozzle of the mode shown in Fig. 6.The nozzle 2 that patent document 3 is recorded is following nozzle: have central module 2b and the outer part 2c that covers that surrounds the below part of this central module, described central module 2b has the length direction groove at the center being communicated with a plurality of nozzle bores (jetburner 2a) and has below part, and outer to cover part 2c mutually soldered for this core 2b and this.And, in the technology of recording at patent document 3, utilize corrosion resistance alloy to form the outer part 2c that covers, utilize the iron class alloy of the fatigue strength of have ± 500MPa to form central module 2b.Thus, can provide long-life nozzle.In addition, in the technology of recording at patent document 3, needle-valve 3 holds the packaged unit 3a of ring-type, and this packaged unit 3a for promptly closing spray-hole 2a when spraying end.But, in the technology of recording at patent document 3, there is the complicated and problem that causes producibility to reduce of welding process.
In addition in patent document 4, recorded, the diesel motor fuel valve nozzle of the mode shown in a kind of Fig. 7.In the nozzle that patent document 4 is recorded, the first material that utilization consists of the first alloy of corrosion resistance forms exterior lateral area (covering part outward) 2c, the second material that utilization consists of the second alloy forms other regions (central module) 2b beyond exterior lateral area, and borderline region therebetween by have there is not solidifying of fine crack the material of (being integrally formed) structure form.In the technology of recording at patent document 4, preferably the first alloy is the alloy with corrosion resistance, and the second alloy is the alloy with the fatigue strength higher than the first alloy.
Patent document 1: Japanese Patent Publication 1-134773 communique
Patent document 2: Japanese kokai publication hei 7-19147 communique
Patent document 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2005-537438 communique
Patent document 4: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2006-502334 communique
Patent document 5: TOHKEMY 2000-73919 communique
In patent document 4, as an example of method of manufacturing the nozzle of the double-layer structural that tip portion is different materials, shown with example utilization as shown in Figure 4 the method for powder metallurgy.
Utilize melting material that the second alloy forms etc. to be configured as predetermined shape (shape approximate with the inner face side parts 22 of nozzle 2 as completing product) intermediate member (core) 10 in the exterior lateral area (nozzle tip portion exterior side) that forms nozzle region in addition.Then the intermediate member (core) 10 after being shaped is inserted in mold (container) 100.Mold 100 comprises diapire 14, sidewall 15, cover 16, applying nozzle 17.And then, via applying nozzle 17, to the blank part of the interior surrounding to intermediate member (core) 10 of mold (container) 100, fill the powder of the first alloy of the exterior lateral area (nozzle tip portion exterior side) that forms nozzle.Afterwards, as required mold attracted and sealed with airtight conditions.Afterwards, mold 100 is heated to set temperature, carries out hot isostatic pressing punching press processing (HIP processing) and carry out sintering, be cured as the DB that there is no hole, becoming tip portion is the nozzle blank of the double-layer structural of different materials.This blank is carried out to machining and the nozzle 2(that forms intended shape completes product).
But, in the method, use to form in large quantities the outer material that covers the high price of part (nozzle tip portion exterior side parts) 21, and major part need to remove by machining, cost of material uprises, the problem that exists the manufacturing expense of fuel injection nozzle to uprise.In addition, forming the outer material that covers part (nozzle tip portion exterior side parts) is that machining needs the long period compared with hard and unmanageable material of difficult machining mostly, has the problem of the producibility reduction of fuel injection nozzle.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle, nozzle blank and manufacture method thereof, it can solve the problem of above-mentioned prior art, at least can be applied to the internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle of the mode shown in Fig. 6 ~ Fig. 8, manufacturing process is simple, producibility is high and can be at a low price, manufacture accurately.In addition, the fuel injection nozzle that is internal-combustion engine, diesel engine wherein as the nozzle of object of the present invention is used.Diesel engine can be also four-stroke engine with outside guide, but is particularly preferably two stroke crosshead engines.This motor even contains through being everlasting under the heavy fuel oil of sulphur works.Therefore,, for the nozzle using, there is to harsh requirement in the life-span of nozzle in this motor.
Present inventor has expected the application of metal powder injection molded method (MIM method) to achieve these goals.And then expected application MIM method and form nozzle, be formed separately nozzle body 22 and the nozzle tip portion exterior side parts 21 that are the tip portion exterior side of this nozzle body of covering of different material systems from this nozzle body 22.And, integrated if make their coincidences (combination) joint, can utilize shaping once, joining process and be configured as the shape of the product of having approached, can realize the reduction of cost of material, machining cost, and can improve significantly producibility.
The present invention based on above-mentioned cognition and repeat research and complete.That is, main idea of the present invention is as follows.
(1) a kind of internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle nozzle blank, to there is nozzle body, with by the material different from this nozzle body, make and set as covering the internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle nozzle blank of nozzle tip portion exterior side parts of the tip portion exterior side of this nozzle body, it is characterized in that, said nozzle body is shaped by metal powder injection molded method, said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts and said nozzle body utilize metal powder injection molded method to be shaped dividually, make this nozzle body overlap with these nozzle tip portion exterior side parts, engage integrated forming.
(2) at the internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle of (1), use in nozzle blank, it is characterized in that, said nozzle body is alloy tool steel or high-velocity tool steel for mold heat, and said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts are Ni base superalloy systems.
(3) an internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle, forms for the set jetburner of nozzle blank fine finishing, the center hole for internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle of (1) or (2).
(4) manufacture method of nozzle blank for a kind of internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle, to there is nozzle body, with by the material different from this nozzle body, make and set as covering the manufacture method of nozzle blank for internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle of nozzle tip portion exterior side parts of the tip portion exterior side of this nozzle body, it is characterized in that, said nozzle body is utilized metal powder injection molded method to be configured as set shape and becomes nozzle body formed body, then this nozzle body formed body is implemented degreasing process and formed nozzle body degreasing body, dividually said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts are utilized metal powder injection molded method to be configured as set shape and become nozzle tip portion exterior side parts formed body with it, then this nozzle tip portion exterior side parts formed body is implemented degreasing process and formed nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body, afterwards this nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body is overlapped and set to cover the mode of the tip portion exterior side of said nozzle body degreasing body, then carry out diffusion-sintering, said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body is engaged integrated with said nozzle body degreasing body, form internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle nozzle blank.
(5) at the internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle of (4), use in the manufacture method of nozzle blank, it is characterized in that, after above-mentioned diffusion-sintering, carry out hot isostatic pressing punching press processing.
(6) at the internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle of (4) or (5), use in the manufacture method of nozzle blank, it is characterized in that, when above-mentioned diffusion-sintering, at said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body, engage and use coating agent with the joint interface place coating of said nozzle body degreasing body in advance.
(7) at the internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle of (6), use in the manufacture method of nozzle blank, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned joint coating agent is the coating liquid of paste that the metallic dust of the same race of the metallic dust with forming said nozzle body or said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts and water-soluble pasty mass dilute with water are formed.
(8) at (4) to the internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle of any one of (7), use in the manufacture method of nozzle blank, it is characterized in that, said nozzle body is alloy tool steel or high-velocity tool steel for mold heat, and said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts are Ni base superalloy systems.
According to the present invention, utilize MIM method that the formed body of same material is not formed separately as having approached the nearly end form shape of the shape of product (product), after this its coincidence is engaged integrated, so machining operation after can shortening, producibility improves, and can manufacture at a low price and dimensional accuracy excellence, there is the not internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle of the double-layer structural of same material, industrially there is remarkable result.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the explanatory drawing of an example that schematically represents the sectional shape of nozzle blank of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the explanatory drawing that schematically represents the manufacturing process of nozzle blank of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the routine explanatory drawing of preferred cross-sections shape that schematically represents the joining portion of nozzle blank of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the explanatory drawing of an example that schematically represents the manufacturing process of nozzle blank in the past.
Fig. 5 means the sectional view of an example of the formation of combustion engine fuel jet nozzles.
Fig. 6 means the sectional view of an example of the formation of combustion engine fuel jet nozzles.
Fig. 7 means the sectional view of an example of the formation of combustion engine fuel jet nozzles.
Fig. 8 means the sectional view of an example of the formation of combustion engine fuel jet nozzles.
Embodiment
Internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle of the present invention for combustion engine fuel jet nozzles has following structure as shown in Figure 1 by nozzle blank 20: have nozzle body 22 and be provided in nozzle tip portion exterior side parts 21 to cover the mode of the tip portion exterior side of this nozzle body 22.The state that nozzle tip portion is metallurgy in nozzle body 22 and the interface of nozzle tip portion exterior side parts 21 and engages.
The tip portion of nozzle 2 is configured to be exposed in the firing chamber of internal-combustion engine, so be exposed under erodibility, chemistry and the heat load in firing chamber.In order to overcome such load, the tip portion of nozzle blank 20 is covered by nozzle tip portion exterior side parts 21, described nozzle tip portion exterior side parts 21 by being different from heat-resisting, the corrosion resistance of nozzle body 22, the material of erosion resisting excellence is made.Material as heat-resisting, corrosion resistance, erosion resisting excellence, can enumerate Ni base superalloy, Co base superalloy, Fe base superalloy etc., as Ni base superalloy, can exemplify chromium ferronickel 625 alloys, chromium ferronickel 686 alloys etc., as Co base superalloy, S-816 alloy can be exemplified, as Fe base superalloy, chromium ferronickel 800 alloys etc. can be exemplified.
In addition, as chromium ferronickel 625 alloys, with mass percent, represent, preferably C contains below 0.1%, and Si contains below 0.5%, Mn contains below 0.5%, Cr contains 20.0 ~ 23.0%, Mo and contains 8.0 ~ 10.0%, Nb and contain 3.15 ~ 4.15%, Fe contains below 5%, is left to consist of Ni and inevitable impurity.Can contain below Ti:0.4%, below Al:0.4% in addition, and then also.In addition, when using MIM method, preferably do not add Ti, Al and the inevitable impurity of conduct.As inevitable impurity, can allow Ti is below 0.15%, and Al is below 0.1%.
In addition, because needle-valve repeatedly slides or is located in valve seat in inner face side, so nozzle body 22 is preferably made by the material of excellent in wear resistance.As the material of excellent in wear resistance, can enumerate alloy of the Rapid Tool Steel stipulated in the JIS G4403-2006 of alloy tool steel that the mold heat stipulated in the JIS G4404-2006 of SKD61 etc. uses, SKH51 etc., high temperature wear resistant alloy (Tribaloy), stellite etc. etc.
In addition, in order to strengthen nozzle body 22, improve bond strength with the bonding area of nozzle tip portion exterior side parts 21, also can make nozzle body 22 and nozzle tip portion exterior side parts 21 joining portion be shaped as the various shapes shown in Fig. 3.In the nozzle blank 20 shown in Fig. 1, adopted the joining portion shape shown in Fig. 3 (a), but from strengthening the viewpoint of bonding area, be preferably the shape of Fig. 3 (b) ~ (d).In addition, when the shape of wishing joining portion is straight line shape under cross section, consider to adopt the shape at the joining portion shown in Fig. 3 (e), but due to easy processing when the shape at this joining portion but bonding area tail off, so more preferably adopt the such shape of Fig. 3 (f).
In nozzle blank 20 of the present invention, will utilize metal powder injection molded method and the nozzle body 22 and the nozzle tip portion exterior side parts 21 that are formed respectively nearly end form shape overlap and combine, utilized diffusion-sintering and engage integrated.And, certainly by the metallurgical interface of nozzle body 22 and nozzle tip portion exterior side parts 21 engage securely.
The preferable production process of nozzle blank of the present invention then, is described.
First, utilize respectively metal powder injection molded method that nozzle body 22 or nozzle tip portion exterior side parts 21 are configured as to set shape (sectional view) as shown in Figure 2, form nozzle body formed body (A) or nozzle tip portion exterior side parts formed body (B).In addition, the metal powder injection molded method of using can be applied conventional metal powder injection molded method arbitrarily (MIM).
In metal powder injection molded method, through by metallic dust or and then powder and binder heating for the alloy of carbon dust etc., pressurization and the mix and blend operation of mixing, pulverizing process that the mix and blend thing after cooling curing is pulverized and obtain mix and blend thing, this mix and blend thing is utilized to injection molding machine and to be processed into injection moulding in the mould of set shape by plasticization mix and blend thing, make its cooling curing and obtain the metal powder injection molded body of set shape.
As the metallic dust using, the metallic dust of being manufactured by water spray method or gas atomization method can, for nozzle body, be preferably the alloy tool steel that the mold heat of SKD61 of stipulating in JIS G4404-2006 etc. is used, the Rapid Tool Steel of the SKH51 stipulating in JIS G4403-2006 etc., and high temperature wear resistant alloy, the powder of the material of the excellent in wear resistance of stellite etc., in addition, for nozzle tip portion exterior side parts, be preferably heat-resisting, corrosion resistance, the Ni base superalloy of erosion resisting excellence, Co base superalloy etc., the powder of Fe base superalloy.In addition, also can replace water spray powder, gas atomization powder and with the hydroxyl powder of iron, Ni, form the material of object.
In addition, as the binder using, any certain of the binder of common metal powder injection molded use can be applied, but preferably uses wax composition, plastic components and then vegetable oil are coordinated to the binder forming.
Wax composition is the composition being mainly extracted out when ungrease treatment, and its kind is without restriction, but the preferred wax composition of conduct can exemplify paraffin, microcrystalline wax etc.
In addition, the plastic components of cooperation can exemplify the thermoplastic resin of polypropylene, polyethylene, random polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) etc., but wherein from viewpoint optimization polypropylene or the polyethylene of formability and manufacture cost.
Vegetable oil as the preferred non-drying of vegetable oil.Vegetable oil as non-drying can exemplify peanut oil, castor oil, sweet oil, salad oil, is preferably a kind of or two or more from what wherein select.By vegetable oil being added to wax composition and the plastic components that is matched with above-mentioned scope, can reduce the solidifying point of binder, improve the mobility of binder, improve binder to the compatibility of metallic dust and plastic powders etc., and can reduce contour projector when cooling, be suppressed to the generation of the crackle of body, and then improve the detachment from mould.
Then, the nozzle body formed body obtaining or nozzle tip portion exterior side parts formed body are carried out to degreasing process, form nozzle body degreasing body or nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body.As the degreasing process that can preferably use in the present invention, can be that any of ungrease treatment processed, heated in solvent degreasing.In addition, when carrying out solvent degreasing processing, preferably utilize solvent degreasing to process a part of removing binder, and then utilize the degreasing sintered processing that doubles as sintering to remove nubbin.In addition, degreasing process also can replace solvent degreasing, heating degreasing and adopt supercritical carbon dioxide degreasing.
Carried out the nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body after degreasing process after the foreign matter on mating face etc. is removed, as shown in Figure 2, to cover the mode of the tip portion exterior side of the nozzle body degreasing body similarly carried out degreasing process and the foreign matter on mating face etc. has been removed, overlap and set, form polymer (C), then carry out the joint based on diffusion-sintering.Thus, can nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body be engaged integrated with nozzle body degreasing body.
The temperature of diffusion-sintering is preferably the temperature of the scope of 1150 ~ 1400 ℃.When diffusion-sintering temperature is discontented with 1150 ℃, the diffusion-sintering that cannot expect, cannot guarantee the bond strength at the interface of expectation.On the other hand, when the temperature that surpasses 1400 ℃, coarsening and mechanical property variation.In addition, more preferably 1150 ~ 1300 ℃.In addition, the environment selection of diffusion-sintering is the reduced pressure atmosphere of vacuum environment or the non-active gas that has used argon etc. or nitrogen etc.
In addition, when nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body and nozzle body degreasing body weight are closed and are formed polymer (C), when such situation in generation gap, interface etc., integrated in order to engage reliably, also can on joint interface, apply joint coating agent.As joint coating agent, be preferably the coating liquid of following paste: the metallic dust of the same race of the metallic dust with forming nozzle body or nozzle tip portion exterior side parts and water-soluble pasty mass dilute with water are obtained.At this, water-soluble pasty mass refers to material water-soluble and in the pasty state, and the starchiness that refers to take cereal forms the material of pasty state as raw material.In addition, as cereal, can exemplify wheat, rice, beans, potato, cassava etc.Even if starchiness pasty mass is used the starch paste of market sale also without any problem.As the water-soluble pasty mass beyond starchiness pasty mass, can enumerate PVA etc.In addition, the cooperation preferable alloy powder of the coating liquid of paste is 65 ~ 90 quality %, and all the other are the water of 5 ~ 34 quality % and the mixture of starchiness pasty mass.
Polymer (C) is carried out diffusion-sintering and is engaged integrated and becomes combination.In the present invention, preferably this combination is further carried out to hot isostatic pressing punching press processing (following, to process also referred to as HIP).By further carry out HIP processing after diffusion-sintering, interface presents more firmly jointing state, further sintered density is brought up to roughly 100% of true density.Sintered component thus, can improve the fatigue-resistance characteristics of nozzle, even if also can be guaranteed the fatigue strength equal or higher with melting parts.In addition, HIP processing is preferably 1000 ~ 1300 ℃ in treatment temperature, more than 50MPa or under the pressure of 100 ~ 200MPa left and right, in argon or nitrogen environment, carries out.In addition,, from improving the viewpoint of the machining property of nozzle body, the combination that has preferably carried out HIP processing carries out cooling (stove is cold) at once after HIP processes in stove.In addition, can after HIP processes, not carry out yet stove cold and carry out cooling, after other operations in carry out annealing in process.
The nozzle blank 20 being integrated in this wise and then carry out fine finishing and become the nozzle 2 of the product size shape with expectation.As fine finishing, be mainly the machining of cutting etc., but owing to utilizing metal powder injection molded method to be shaped for nearly end form shape, so amount of finish is very little.
In addition, also can replace split respectively ground shaping nozzle body and nozzle tip portion exterior side parts and form conjugant and become nozzle, but utilizing the dichromatism forming method of metal powder injection molded method that nozzle tip portion exterior side parts are engaged to integrated manufacture with nozzle body.
Preferably by the nozzle blank 20 to obtaining, carry out the machining of cutting etc., at jetburner 2a, the center hole of the set size shape of set position fine finishing corresponding to the fuel injection nozzle with for example mode of each shown in Fig. 6 ~ Fig. 8, form nozzle 2.
Below, based on embodiment, further describe the present invention.
Embodiment
Prepare the material powder that two kinds of water spray methods are manufactured.In addition, material powder is used the material powder of Mean particle diameter 5 ~ 15 μ m.Raw material powder is a SKD61 comminuted steel shot, for nozzle body is used.Another kind of raw material powder is Ni base superalloy powder, for nozzle tip portion exterior side parts are used.The composition of SKD61 steel according to quality % is: 0.35%C-0.97%Si-0.40%Mn-4.93%Cr-1.21%Mo-1.01%V-bal.Fe.In addition, the composition of Ni base superalloy according to quality % is: 0.02%C-0.18%Si-0.23%Mn-21.8%Cr-8.9%Mo-3.9%Nb-2.4%Fe-bal. Ni.
In this raw material powder, with 40 volume %, coordinate binders, at the temperature of 120 ~ 180 ℃, carry out mix and blend and form injection moulding mix and blend thing.Binder is wax composition (PW), plastic components (PE), vegetable oil composition (peanut oil) to be mixed and add thermal agitation and use.Use level is wax composition: plastic components: the ratio of vegetable oil composition is 35:40:25.To after these mix and blend thing cooling curings, pulverize, put in injection machine, making pressure cylinder temperature is 110 ~ 180 ℃, make it plasticizing, under set pressure (100MPa), to set mold injects, form nozzle body formed body (A), the nozzle tip portion exterior side parts formed body (B) of shape shown in Fig. 2.
For the formed body A, the B that obtain, carry out the degreasing process based on solvent degreasing processing, obtain each degreasing body.In addition, degreasing condition is, 30 ℃ of temperature, and solvent is dichloromethane.
The nozzle body degreasing body (A) obtaining and nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body (B) are overlapped, obtain the polymer shown in Fig. 2 (C).
Then,, by polymer (C) heating (heating-up temperature: 1250 ℃) in decompression nitrogen environment, at this temperature, carry out diffusion-sintering (sintering time: 2h) and make it integrated, obtain combination.After diffusion-sintering, for a part and then carry out HIP processing.The condition that HIP processes is 1200 ℃ in argon environment, and pressure is 117MPa.In addition, in the situation that a part overlaps, at interface coating joint coating agent.
The combination obtaining is carried out machining and obtains both products of sizing.
In addition, as a comparative example, utilize the method in the past shown in Fig. 4 to make the nozzle of same size.
For the combination obtaining (nozzle), carry out the observation of the jointing state at interface, tension test, fatigue test.Test method is as follows.
(1) observation of the jointing state at interface
For the combination obtaining, use optical microscope (multiplying power: 200 times) to observe the axial cross section of combination, evaluate the jointing state of joint interface.The total length of the joint interface of observing more than 2% observe gap time for *, gap, for discontented 2% ~ 0.5% being △ when above, is zero while being discontented with 0.5% in gap, the jointing state at evaluation interface.
(2) tension test
Use the raw material powder identical with nozzle body and with nozzle tip portion exterior side parts identical raw material powder, use injection machine respectively injection moulding be cylinder, under the identical condition of the engaging condition with above-mentioned combination, the cylinder of shaping is engaged with each other.From the cylinder that obtains, gather tension test sheet, carry out tension test and try to achieve intensity, evaluate the jointing state at interface.In addition, the product No.4 that intensity be take as a comparative example illustrates with relative ratio as benchmark (1.0).
(3) fatigue test
Use the raw material powder (SKD61 powder) identical with nozzle body to be configured as by injection machine cylindric, then carry out degreasing, sintering.From the cylinder obtaining, gather fatigue test piece (6mm φ * parallel portion 10mm length), (bearing strength test: ± 700 ~ 1000MPa, frequency: 10Hz), from S-N curve, try to achieve fatigue limit stretch-repeated compression test.In addition, comparative example (product No.4) is SKD61(melting material) system.Fatigue limit be take the value of this comparative example and with relative ratio, is illustrated as benchmark (1.0).In nozzle, the fatigue strength of nozzle body (fatigue limit) is problem place, so only nozzle body has been carried out to fatigue test.
Table 1 represents the result obtaining.
[table 1]
| Product No. | What joint used with coating agent has or not | What HIP processed has or not | The jointing state at interface | Boundary strength ratio | Fatigue ratio * | Overall merit | Remarks |
| 1 | Nothing | Nothing | △ | 0.95 | 0.95 | △ | The inventive example |
| 2 | Nothing | Have | ○ | 0.98 | 1.03 | ○ | The inventive example |
| 3 | Have | Have | ○ | 0.99 | 1.03 | ○ | The inventive example |
| 4 | - | Have | ○ | 1.0 | 1.0 | Benchmark | Comparative example |
*) fatigue ratio is only tested for nozzle tip body, is to take comparative example comparing as benchmark (1.0).Product No.4(comparative example) be SKD61(melting material) system.
The present invention has shown interface state, fatigue strength identical with comparative example or on it, and then producibility, cost are compared with comparative example also and significantly improved.
Description of reference numerals
1 fuel injection nozzle
1a fuel passage
2 nozzles
2a jetburner
2b central module (region beyond exterior lateral area)
2c covers part (exterior lateral area) outward
20 nozzle blank
21 nozzle tip portion exterior side parts (covering part outward)
22 nozzle bodies (core)
3 needle-valves
3a packaged unit
4 valve seats for needle-valve (valve seat)
10 cores
14 diapires
15 sidewalls
16 covers
17 applying nozzles
100 containers (mold)
Claims (7)
1. the manufacture method of nozzle blank for an internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle, to there is nozzle body, with by the material different from this nozzle body, make and set as covering the manufacture method of nozzle blank for internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle of nozzle tip portion exterior side parts of the tip portion exterior side of this nozzle body, it is characterized in that, said nozzle body is utilized metal powder injection molded method to be configured as set shape and becomes nozzle body formed body, then this nozzle body formed body is implemented degreasing process and formed nozzle body degreasing body, dividually said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts are utilized metal powder injection molded method to be configured as set shape and become nozzle tip portion exterior side parts formed body with it, then this nozzle tip portion exterior side parts formed body is implemented degreasing process and formed nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body, afterwards this nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body is overlapped and set to cover the mode of the tip portion exterior side of said nozzle body degreasing body, then carry out diffusion-sintering, said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body is engaged integrated with said nozzle body degreasing body, form internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle nozzle blank.
2. the manufacture method of nozzle blank for internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, after above-mentioned diffusion-sintering, carries out hot isostatic pressing punching press processing.
3. the manufacture method of nozzle blank for internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when above-mentioned diffusion-sintering, at said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body, engage and use coating agent with the joint interface place coating of said nozzle body degreasing body in advance.
4. the manufacture method of nozzle blank for internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, when above-mentioned diffusion-sintering, at said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts degreasing body, engage and use coating agent with the joint interface place coating of said nozzle body degreasing body in advance.
5. the manufacture method of nozzle blank for internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned joint coating agent is the coating liquid of paste that the metallic dust of the same race of the metallic dust with forming said nozzle body or said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts and water-soluble pasty mass dilute with water are formed.
6. the manufacture method of nozzle blank for internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned joint coating agent is the coating liquid of paste that the metallic dust of the same race of the metallic dust with forming said nozzle body or said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts and water-soluble pasty mass dilute with water are formed.
As described in any one of claim 1 to 6 the manufacture method of nozzle blank for internal combustion engine fuel injection nozzle, it is characterized in that, said nozzle body is alloy tool steel or high-velocity tool steel for mold heat, and said nozzle tip portion exterior side parts are Ni base superalloy systems.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009155823 | 2009-06-30 | ||
| JP2009-155823 | 2009-06-30 | ||
| PCT/JP2010/061054 WO2011001977A1 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2010-06-29 | Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engine, nozzle blank and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN102472224A CN102472224A (en) | 2012-05-23 |
| CN102472224B true CN102472224B (en) | 2014-07-23 |
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| CN201080029728.7A Active CN102472224B (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2010-06-29 | Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engine, nozzle blank and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| EP (1) | EP2450557B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5518861B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101452034B1 (en) |
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| WO (1) | WO2011001977A1 (en) |
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| DK2679323T3 (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2014-10-27 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Process for making a metal body with a metal cladding |
| CN104995396A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-10-21 | 3M创新有限公司 | Method for making a nozzle including injection molding |
| JP2016516131A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-06-02 | サンドビック インテレクチュアル プロパティー アクティエボラーグ | Method for joining sintered parts of different sizes and shapes |
| JP6211297B2 (en) * | 2013-04-30 | 2017-10-11 | 日本ピストンリング株式会社 | Manufacturing method of large metal powder injection molded body |
| US20160361766A1 (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-12-15 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | Method for manufacturing a fuel nozzle blank with a metallic cladding |
| CN104107913B (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2016-02-10 | 株洲华宏机械制造有限公司 | A kind of needle valve of fuel spray nozzle coupling part body itself and manufacture method |
| CN104625067B (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2017-01-18 | 大连交通大学 | Abrasive nozzle machining process |
| DK3075472T3 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2017-07-10 | O M T Officine Mecc Torino S P A | PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A SPRAY FOR INJURY ENGINE INJECTION DEVICES |
| CN110573279B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2021-08-10 | 联邦摩高气门机构公司 | Poppet valve and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN107815592A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-20 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of engine fuel nozzle magnetic valve magnetic core |
| KR101873696B1 (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-07-02 | 이수철 | Fuel gas injection nozzle of engine using different material |
| JP2021521378A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2021-08-26 | ロベルト・ボッシュ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツングＲｏｂｅｒｔ Ｂｏｓｃｈ Ｇｍｂｈ | Fuel injector valve seat assembly including inserts formed in place and how to manufacture it |
| JP7169365B2 (en) | 2018-04-25 | 2022-11-10 | ロベルト・ボッシュ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | Fuel injector valve seat assembly including insert alignment retention feature |
| WO2022242847A1 (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-11-24 | Schunk Sintermetalltechnik Gmbh | Method for producing a printer nozzle |
| CN113818978A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-21 | 南京中远海运船舶设备配件有限公司 | Composite forming fuel nozzle |
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| JPWO2011001977A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
| JP5518861B2 (en) | 2014-06-11 |
| EP2450557B1 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
| WO2011001977A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
| EP2450557A1 (en) | 2012-05-09 |
| KR20120026580A (en) | 2012-03-19 |
| EP2450557A4 (en) | 2014-06-11 |
| KR101452034B1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
| CN102472224A (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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