CN102465842A - 风力发电设备 - Google Patents

风力发电设备 Download PDF

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CN102465842A
CN102465842A CN2011101484906A CN201110148490A CN102465842A CN 102465842 A CN102465842 A CN 102465842A CN 2011101484906 A CN2011101484906 A CN 2011101484906A CN 201110148490 A CN201110148490 A CN 201110148490A CN 102465842 A CN102465842 A CN 102465842A
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tower
wind power
cat head
generator
power generation
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袁宏
袁荷雅
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Priority to US14/125,948 priority patent/US20140203566A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2012/000675 priority patent/WO2012155536A1/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/30—Lightning protection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/007—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with means for converting solar radiation into useful energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/12—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing kinetic energy, e.g. using flywheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
    • F05B2240/131—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines by means of vertical structures, i.e. chimneys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种风力发电设备。针对现有热风力发电设备转化率低，远远满足不了日益增长的用电需求。本发明的风力发电塔从塔底或塔中至塔顶竖向贯穿的轮轴，轮轴顶端连接发电机转轴，轮轴底设置飞轮，塔底沿塔壁周围向上设置进风口，轮轴底向顶部设置螺旋向上盘旋的轴轮叶。减少了风力的损失，充分利用了风能，提高转化率，使转化率达到了85％以上。

Description

风力发电设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新能源技术，尤其涉及一种风力发电设备。
背景技术
风是一种潜力很大的清洁可再生自然资源，越来越受到世界各国的重视。利用开发的方式也很多，如本人申报的201020184100.1“一种热风力发电设备”，利用了自然界的太阳能为热源的一部分，塔底的空气受热根据气流学原理和气压作用，热空气向上流动，二是热风发电塔底部内径大于顶部内径会产生抽吸力，使热空气迅速向上拉伸，发电机叶片垂直悬挂于塔顶出口处，即叶片由下向上围绕其轴心圆周旋转的转换方式，风的动能转变成机械能，再把机械能转化为电能，其转化率达到了60％，但还远远满足不了日益增长的用电需求。
发明内容
本发明针对上述不足，是综合利用自然界提供的能源，改善机械结构，充分利用有限资源，提高转化率的风力发电设备。
下面通过结构来进一步地阐述：
一种风力发电设备，底部内径大于顶部内径的烟囟形风力发电塔，塔顶出口处设置发电机，塔顶设置透风遮雨盖，风力发电塔从塔底或塔中至塔顶竖向贯穿的轮轴，轮轴顶端连接发电机转轴，轮轴底设置飞轮，塔底沿塔壁周围向上设置进风口，轮轴底向顶部设置螺旋向上盘旋的轴轮叶。
为了更好的效果：轴轮叶之间从下往上设置的间距由大至小。
轴轮叶从下往上的直径由大至小，轴轮叶边缘离塔壁的间距为0.001～1mm。
塔底部下方设置半圆形太阳能聚光板，聚光板反射聚焦点对准塔中心设置的带温控电源开关的电加热散热器，电加热散热器位于飞轮下方与进风口上方之间。
风力发电塔内壁平滑，内径平缓均匀地从塔底收缩至塔顶，内壁设有与轴轮叶旋转路径吻合的呈上升阶梯状的螺纹。
沿塔贯穿的轮轴可以从塔底到塔顶，在塔顶安装一台发电机；也可以从塔中任意位置向塔顶贯穿，在塔顶安装一台发电机；还可以在塔中分段安装多个轮轴，每个轮轴顶端分别安装一台发电机，每台发电机通过输送线将电能输送至配电室，一部分电能从配电室连接电加热散热器。
风力发电塔组合可以上下套接，即第二塔底套第一塔的部分顶部，第二塔的塔底与第一塔的塔顶相距的间隔为全封闭，在第一塔顶的发电机上部设置第二个带温控电源开关的电加热散热器，第二塔从塔底至第二个电加热散热器阶段塔身透明，透明的塔身外围设置第二个半圆形太阳能聚光板，聚光板反射聚焦点对准第二塔底中心设置的带温控电源开关的电加热散热器，第二塔的塔顶出口处设置第二个发电机；同理可多层上下套接组合，其最顶部的塔顶设置透风遮雨盖。
最顶部塔顶的透风遮雨盖设置避雷设备。
风力发电塔从塔底至塔顶竖向贯穿螺旋轮轴，螺旋轮轴底部设置飞轮，会使轮轴转速稳定，不受外界环境影响，蓄积一定的势能，为设备的平衡运行提供了保证；轮轴底向顶部设置螺旋向上盘旋的轴轮叶，轴轮叶受塔内空气由下向上流动的风力作用旋转运动，盘旋向上的轴轮叶起到了增压、增速的作用，为机械能向电能的转化提供了速度和力量；空气由下向上流动过程中可全面作用于贯穿其中的轴轮叶，增加了空气流动的受力面积而加强了作用力；轮轴顶端连接发电机转轴，由轴轴相连机械转动的原理，减少了敞开式的风作动力源使叶片由下向上围绕其轴心圆周旋转的转换方式的能量损耗，充分利用了风能，提高转化率，使转化率达到了85％以上；塔底沿塔壁周围向上设置进风口，倾斜切向的进风口，使风力集中并且和轴轮叶同向流动，位置适宜地作功于同样倾斜切向的轴轮叶上，充分地利用了有限的风力。
充分利用力学设计的轴轮叶从下往上的间距由大至小，轴轮叶从下往上的直径由大至小，轴轮叶边缘离塔壁的间距为0.001～1mm，间隙小使风力在每一旋转层充分作功减少了风力的损失。
塔底部下方设置太阳能半圆形聚光板，聚光板反射聚焦点对准塔中心设置的带温控电源开关的电加热散热器，电加热散热器在飞轮下方，进风口上方，加热塔底流入的空气成为风源，塔底的空气受热根据气流学原理和气压作用，热空气向上流动，二是风力发电塔底部内径大于顶部内径会产生一个抽吸力，使热空气迅速向上拉伸。
风力发电塔内壁平滑，内径平缓均匀地从塔底收缩至塔顶，减少了热空气运行的阻力；内壁有与轴轮叶充分结合的螺纹，螺纹呈上升阶梯状上旋且间距由下向上同轴轮叶比例一致，使空气在压强加大的情况下无法向下回流，增加热空气上行的强度和速度。
附图说明
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步地详述：
图1为本发明一结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例一
一种风力发电设备，底部内径大于顶部内径的烟囟形风力发电塔7，塔顶出口处设置发电机2，塔顶设置透风遮雨盖1，风力发电塔7从塔底或塔中至塔顶竖向贯穿的轮轴3，轮轴顶端连接发电机转轴，轮轴底设置飞轮4，塔底沿塔壁周围向上设置进风口8，轮轴底向顶部设置螺旋向上盘旋的轴轮叶31。轴轮叶从下往上设置的间距由大至小。轴轮叶从下往上的直径由大至小，轴轮叶边缘离塔壁的间距为0.001mm。
塔底部下方设置半圆形太阳能聚光板6，聚光板6反射聚焦点对准塔中心设置的带温控电源开关的电加热散热器5，电加热散热器5位于飞轮4下方与进风口8上方之间。风力发电塔7内壁平滑，内径平缓均匀地从塔底收缩至塔顶，内壁设有与轴轮叶31旋转路径吻合的呈上升阶梯状的螺纹。
实施例二
沿塔贯穿的轮轴3可以从塔底到塔顶，或从塔中任意位置向塔顶贯穿，在塔顶安装一台发电机2；还可以在塔中分段安装轮轴3，每个轮轴顶端分别安装一台发电机2，每台发电机2通过输送线将电能输送至配电室9，一部分电能从配电室9连接电加热器5。塔顶设置透风遮雨盖1，风力发电塔7从塔底或塔中至塔顶竖向贯穿的轮轴3，轮轴顶端连接发电机转轴，轮轴底设置飞轮4，塔底沿塔壁周围向上设置进风口8，轮轴底向顶部设置螺旋向上盘旋的轴轮叶31。轴轮叶从下往上设置的间距由大至小。轴轮叶从下往上的直径由大至小，轴轮叶边缘离塔壁的间距为1mm。
实施例三
风力发电塔7可以上下套接组合，即第二塔底套第一塔的部分塔顶，第二塔的塔底与第一塔的塔顶相距的间隔为全封闭，在第一塔顶的发电机2上部设置第二个带温控电源开关的电加热散热器5，第二塔从塔底至第二个电加热散热器5阶段塔身透明，透明的塔身外围设置第二个半圆形太阳能聚光板6，聚光板6反射聚焦点对准设置带温控电源开关的电加热散热器5，第二塔的塔顶出口处设置第二个发电机2；轴轮叶31从下往上的直径由大至小，轴轮叶边缘离塔壁的间距为0.05mm。
同理可多层上下套接组合，其最顶部的塔顶设置带避雷设备的透风遮雨盖1。

Claims (8)

1.一种风力发电设备，底部内径大于顶部内径的烟囟形风力发电塔(7)，塔顶出口处设置发电机(2)，塔顶设置透风遮雨盖(1)，其特征在于：风力发电塔(7)从塔底或塔中至塔顶竖向贯穿的轮轴(3)，轮轴(3)顶端连接发电机转轴，轮轴(3)底设置飞轮(4)，塔底沿塔壁周围向上设置进风口(8)，轮轴(3)底向顶部设置螺旋向上盘旋的轴轮叶(31)。
2.如权利要求1所述的风力发电设备，其特征在于：轴轮叶(31)之间从下往上设置的间距由大至小。
3.如权利要求1所述的风力发电设备，其特征在于：轴轮叶(31)从下往上的直径由大至小，轴轮叶(31)边缘离塔壁的间距为0.001～1mm。
4.如权利要求1所述的风力发电设备，其特征在于：塔底部下方设置半圆形太阳能聚光板(6)，聚光板(6)反射聚焦点对准塔中心设置的带温控电源开关的电加热散热器(5)，电加热散热器(5)位于飞轮(4)下方与进风口(8)上方之间。
5.如权利要求1所述的风力发电设备，其特征在于：风力发电塔(7)内壁平滑，内径平缓均匀地从塔底收缩至塔顶，内壁设有与轴轮叶(31)旋转路径吻合的呈上升阶梯状的螺纹。
6.如权利要求1所述的风力发电设备，其特征在于：沿塔贯穿的轮轴(3)可以从塔底到塔顶，在塔顶安装一台发电机(2)；也可以从塔中任意位置向塔顶贯穿，在塔顶安装一台发电机(2)；还可以在塔中分段安装多个轮轴(3)，每个轮轴(3)顶端分别安装一台发电机(2)，每台发电机(2)通过输送线将电能输送至配电室(9)，一部分电能从配电室(9)连接电加热散热器(5)。
7.如权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6所述的风力发电设备，其特征在于：风力发电塔(7)组合可以上下套接，即第二塔底套第一塔的部分顶部，第二塔的塔底与第一塔的塔顶相距的间隔为全封闭，在第一塔顶的发电机(2)上部设置第二个带温控电源开关的电加热散热器(5)，第二塔从塔底至第二个电加热散热器(5)阶段塔身透明，透明的塔身外围设置第二个半圆形太阳能聚光板(6)，聚光板(6)反射聚焦点对准第二塔底中心设置的带温控电源开关的电加热散热器(5)，第二塔的塔顶出口处设置第二个发电机(2)；同理可多层上下套接组合，其最顶部的塔顶设置透风遮雨盖(1)。
8.如权利要求7所述的风力发电设备，其特征在于：最顶部塔顶的透风遮雨盖(1)设置避雷设备。
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