CN102456848A - Organic electroluminescent device - Google Patents
Organic electroluminescent device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102456848A CN102456848A CN201110332102XA CN201110332102A CN102456848A CN 102456848 A CN102456848 A CN 102456848A CN 201110332102X A CN201110332102X A CN 201110332102XA CN 201110332102 A CN201110332102 A CN 201110332102A CN 102456848 A CN102456848 A CN 102456848A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device, and in particular to an illumination device using an organic electroluminescent element. Through the design of the area of each luminous point, the design of the arrangement of conductive blocks of a light-tight second electrode layer, and the design of the first electrode layer, the illumination device with transparent property is achieved. The illumination device provided by the invention can be used as a light source and applied to a non-self-luminous display, thus the utilization rate of illuminating rays is improved, the illumination surface is uniform, and the contrast ratio of display is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic electroluminescence device, is a kind of illuminating device that adopts organic electroluminescent device specifically, belongs to field of photoelectric technology.
Background technology
Non-self-emitting displays such as Electronic Paper, MEMS and reflective liquid crystal under high brightness, have the advantage that shows that contrast is high, low in energy consumption.But because of its non-self-luminous, so there is under the no extraneous light conditions shortcoming that can not show.Common exterior lighting scheme: externally increase the illumination section lamp, as shown in Figure 1, shortcoming is that conformability is poor, has increased the volume of whole display.The transparent lighting source of LED and LGP combination is as shown in Figure 2; The shortcoming that this scheme exists is; Part light can shine display surface, and another part can be directly by lighting source surface outgoing, by the part of the direct outgoing of lighting source; Influenced the contrast of display device, and can there be the uneven shortcoming of illuminated area in it.
A series of advantages such as organic electroluminescence device (hereinafter to be referred as OLED) has from main light emission, low-voltage DC driven, solidifies entirely, the visual angle is wide, body is thin, area is big, flexibility, in light weight, composition and technology are simple have caused people's extensive concern.OLED has compared a lot of advantages in the demonstration application with LCD, and has important use to be worth equally in the illumination application field, particularly combines to go up the design of OLED transparent configuration, can expand the illumination application prospect of display of organic electroluminescence greatly.
At present, the structure of organic electroluminescence device is by substrate, anode layer, and organic electroluminescent functional layer and cathode layer are formed.Substrate can be rigid substrates such as glass substrate; Also can be flexible base, boards such as PET, thin metal matrix plate, use now maximum be glass substrate, the material of anode layer is generally transparency electric conducting material preferably; Like tin indium oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO), the maximum of use are ITO.Organic function layer comprises emission layer (EML); Can also comprise hole injection layer (HIL) and/or hole transmission layer (HTL) between anode layer and emission layer; And electron transfer layer between emission layer and cathode layer (ETL) and/or electron injecting layer (EIL), can also comprise hole blocking layer (HBL) between emission layer and electron transfer layer etc.The material of cathode layer is generally selected the metal or alloy material for use, also can select transparent material for use.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of novel organic electroluminescence device (hereinafter to be referred as OLED), and further this device is applied to non-self luminous display as a kind of illuminating device.The product that this device can be applied to non-self-emitting display such as reflective display and the reflective lcd of Electronic Paper, interference modulations or other tableauxs provides illumination.
This OLED of the present invention has light transmission, and is as shown in Figure 3, and can observe the content on the display through this device, and this device is only luminous to direction of display simultaneously, has illuminating effect again.
With the compared with techniques of the described two kinds of existing exterior lightings of preamble, advantage of the present invention is the utilance that has improved illuminating ray, and illuminated area is even, has increased the contrast of display degree.
The object of the invention is achieved through following technical scheme:
A kind of organic electroluminescence device comprises substrate and is arranged on the little luminescence unit on the substrate that wherein little luminescence unit is arranged in an array; And layer structure for stack; This layer structure comprises first electrode layer, the second electrode lay and the organic function layer between first electrode layer and the second electrode lay, and wherein first electrode layer is positioned at substrate-side, and organic function layer comprises luminescent layer; First electrode layer is the conducting film bar of parallel arrangement simultaneously; And interlacing connects anode tap and cathode leg respectively, is insulating barrier between every adjacent two row conducting film bars, and organic function layer is layered on the conducting film bar that connects anode tap; The second electrode lay is the conducting block of array arrangement, and each conducting block overlap joint is at least two adjacent row conducting film bars of first electrode layer.
The length of each conducting block of the second electrode lay is less than or equal to the width sum at the interval between the every adjacent two capable conducting film bars of two row conducting film bars and twices of first electrode layer, greater than the width sum at the interval between single file conducting film bar in first electrode layer and this conducting film bar and the adjacent conductive film bar.
Substrate, first electrode layer, organic function layer are formed by transparent material; Conducting block is formed by opaque material; The size at the longest position of each conducting block is less than the minimum size of differentiating of human eye; Spacing between the conducting block is greater than the minimum size of differentiating of human eye, and the gross area of conducting block accounts for the 10-50% of substrate area.
The gross area of the conducting block of this organic electroluminescence device is merely the fraction (10-50%) of substrate area, and whole like this illuminating device still keeps higher light transmission.Illuminating device of the present invention can fit to use with illuminated display device through optical cement, also can in the process of preparation display device, prepare illuminating device of the present invention simultaneously, both common base, the product of integrating.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that increases the exterior lighting lamp in the non-self-emitting display of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the transparent illuminaire part of LED and LGP combination in the non-self-emitting display of prior art.
Fig. 3 is used in the structural representation of non-self-emitting display spare for device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is position and shape sketch map, its partial enlarged drawing and the tangent plane sketch map of little luminescence unit of the OLED in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 5-Fig. 8 is preparation process and the structural representation of embodiment 1.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation after another preparation the second electrode lay among the embodiment 1.
Figure 10 a-c is the tangent plane structural representation of several kinds of different contrapositions of the conducting block after the preparation the second electrode lay among the embodiment 1.
Figure 11 is the structural representation after the preparation insulating barrier among the embodiment 2.
Figure 12 is the structural representation for preparing the required mask plate of organic function layer among the embodiment 2.
Figure 13 is the structural representation after the preparation organic function layer among the embodiment 2.
Figure 14 is the structural representation after the preparation the second electrode lay among the embodiment 2.
Annotate: Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Figure 10 are profile; Fig. 4---Fig. 9 and Figure 11---Figure 14 is a vertical view.
Embodiment
Through embodiment the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but the present invention is not restricted to this.
In order to increase the perspective rate of OLED; The present invention is through changing the graphic designs of the luminescence unit that has OLED now; Opaque the second electrode lay among the existing OLED is made into the conducting block of discontinuous array arrangement; Thereby substitute the opaque the second electrode lay of monoblock in the prior art or strip, and reduce the shared area on substrate of opaque the second electrode lay among the OLED simultaneously, increase the integral light-transmitting rate of transparent luminescent screen body.
Based on above-mentioned thought; The present invention provides a kind of OLED; It comprises substrate and is formed at a plurality of little luminescence unit on the substrate, and said little luminescence unit is arranged in an array, and each little luminescence unit comprises first electrode layer, organic function layer and the second electrode lay that stacks gradually; Wherein first electrode layer is formed by the conducting film bar and is positioned at substrate-side, and organic function layer comprises transport layer and luminescent layer; First electrode layer is the conducting film bar that is arranged in parallel; And interlacing connects anode tap and cathode leg; All be formed with insulating barrier between the every adjacent two row conducting film bars of first electrode layer; Said the second electrode lay comprises the conducting block of array arrangement, and each conducting block overlap joint is on two adjacent conducting film bars; Wherein each conducting block constitutes a little luminescence unit with its range upon range of organic function layer and first electrode layer; The conducting film bar that wherein connects anode tap in first electrode layer is an anode layer, the conductive module in the second electrode lay through with first electrode layer in the conducting film bar that is connected cathode leg link to each other and as cathode layer.In addition, be arranged in said array same delegation each little luminescence unit each the row anode layer be connected to together.
OLED of the present invention is made into transparent, and in order to increase the transparency, said substrate, the conducting film bar of first electrode layer, organic function layer form by material transparent, and said conducting block is formed by opaque material.And, thereby the size at the longest position of each conducting block makes human eye can not see the existence of conducting block less than the minimum size of differentiating of human eye.In addition, the gross area of conducting block accounts for the 10-50% of the area of whole organic electroluminescence device.
According to above-mentioned transparent OLED of the present invention, the spacing between said a plurality of conducting blocks is differentiated size greater than human eye is minimum, thereby makes human eye can tell two adjacent conductive pieces and can they be regarded as a conducting block.
According to following formula, promptly human eye designs the angle of minimum resolution of special wavelength light about the size of little luminescence unit (depending primarily on the size at the longest position of conducting block in the present invention in fact).
Wherein λ is the light wavelength that human eye received, and D is people's eye pupil bore dia, and δ θ is the angle of minimum resolution of human eye.
For example above-mentioned formula is described below.For example for visual observation, getting λ usually is the most responsive gold-tinted 550nm of naked eyes, is millimeter if set the unit of PD D, and then human eye angle of minimum resolution δ θ is 140/D, and at this moment the unit of δ θ is second.With the PD D of human eye is that the observer of 3mm is an example, and then human eye angle of minimum resolution δ θ is 46.67 seconds ≈ 1 minute, wherein 1 minute=60 seconds.Be under one minute the situation at opening angle, human eye 35cm at a distance the spacing between distinguishable 2 be about 0.1mm, promptly
350mm * 2 * 3.14 ÷ (360 * 60)=100 microns=0.1mm of 0.1017mm ≈.
In like manner, be under one minute the situation at opening angle, human eye 9m at a distance the spacing between distinguishable 2 be about 2mm.
Therefore, if organic electroluminescence device of the present invention is applied on the display that sighting distance is 35cm, then being designed and sized to of the longest position of little luminescence unit is less than or equal to 0.1mm.And if organic electroluminescence device of the present invention is applied on the outdoor sighting distance display far away, according to top formula, the area of little luminescence unit can suitably amplify.The present invention is based on this principle and confirm the full-size at the longest position of conducting block, the influence that the perspectivity effect of organic electroluminescence device is produced with the size that reduces conducting block.In like manner; When the second electrode lay comprises a plurality of conducting block parallel, that uniformly-spaced arrange; Regard the adjacent conductive piece as a conducting block in order not make human eye; Spacing between the adjacent conductive piece is greater than human eye and differentiates size, and for example on organic electroluminescence device of the present invention was applied to display that sighting distance is 35cm, the spacing between the conducting block was greater than 0.1mm.
In addition; The length of each conducting block is less than or equal to the width of every adjacent two row conducting film bars and the width sum of the insulating barrier between the adjacent conductive film bar; Width sum greater than the width of every single file conducting film bar and adjacent delegation's insulating barrier; Can guarantee that conducting block can snap on the conducting film bar that connects anode tap so in the evaporate process of preparation the second electrode lay, need not the accurate contraposition of mask plate; Can overlap again on the conducting film bar that connects cathode leg, can guarantee the normally of electric current, simplify the processing step of accurate contraposition.
The substrate of organic electroluminescence device of the present invention can be glass substrate or flexible substrate substrate; Flexible substrate can adopt flexible metal class material; Also can adopt organic type of material, like one or more materials in polyesters, polyimides, the phenolic resins compounds.
The material of first electrode layer can adopt inorganic material or organic conductive polymer; Inorganic material is generally the higher metals of work function such as metal oxides such as ITO, zinc oxide, zinc tin oxide or gold, copper, silver; The material of organic conductive polymer is preferably polythiophene/polyvinylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium (hereinafter to be referred as PEDOT:PSS) or polyaniline (hereinafter to be referred as PANI), the preferred ITO of the present invention;
The material of the second electrode lay generally adopts the alloy of the lower metal of work functions such as lithium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, aluminium, indium or they and copper, gold, silver, or metal and metal fluoride materials alternately, the preferred Al of the present invention.
Organic function layer comprises luminescent layer, can also comprise electron transfer layer, hole transmission layer etc.
The material of luminescent layer can adopt small molecule material, also can adopt polymeric material.Small molecule material can be fluorescent material, like metal organic complex (like Alq3, Gaq3, Al (Saph-q) or Ga (Saph-q)) compounds.
Except that adopting above-mentioned material, can also mix luminescent dye in the luminescent layer, be generally a kind of material in aromatic condensed ring class (like rubrene), Coumarins (like DMQA, C545T) or two pyrans class (like DCJTB, the DCM) compound.
If comprise electron transfer layer in the organic function layer; The material of this electron transfer layer generally adopts the micromolecule electron transport material, can be metal organic complex (like Alq3, Gaq3, Al (Saph-q), BAlq or Ga (Saph-q)), aromatic condensed ring class (like pentacene, perylene) or o-phenanthroline class (like Bphen, BCP) compound.
If comprise hole transmission layer in the organic function layer, the material of this hole transmission layer generally adopts the low molecular material of the arylamine class and the branch polymer same clan, like N; N '-two-(1-naphthyl)-N, N '-diphenyl-1,1-xenyl-4; 4-diamines (NPB), N, N '-diphenyl-N, N '-two (aminomethyl phenyl)-1; 1 '-xenyl-4,4 '-diamines (TPD) etc.
To provide two embodiment below, specific explanations technical scheme of the present invention.Should be noted that following embodiment only is used for helping to understand invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.
After the second electrode lay preparation of the organic electroluminescence device among each embodiment of the present invention finishes, encapsulate.
Embodiment one
The OLED of present embodiment comprises: transparency carrier 15, transparent first electrode layer 13, transparent insulating layer 14, transparent organic function layer 16 and opaque the second electrode lay 17.
Wherein substrate 15 adopts the glass of band transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) conducting film, and transparent insulating layer adopts organic transparent photomask glue, and the organic functions layer segment adopts accurate evaporation process preparation, and cathode layer is selected metal Al layer for use.
In order to specify the manufacture method of OLED, OLED is amplified, adopt the OLED partial view to describe.To shown in Figure 8, Fig. 5 shows the graphics sub enlarged drawing according to transparent ITO conducting film of the present invention like Fig. 5; Fig. 6 shows the sketch map after ITO conducting film shown in Figure 5 coats with transparent photomask glue; Fig. 7 has shown behind the preparation transparent photomask glue of Fig. 6 vapor deposition sketch map of organic function layer; Fig. 8 has shown in the preparation of Fig. 7 behind the organic function layer vapor deposition sketch map behind the conducting block of the second electrode lay.
The manufacture method of the OLED of present embodiment is specific as follows:
The glass substrate of cleaning tape ITO conducting film;
On glass substrate 15, apply transparent photomask glue; The ITO conducting film is prepared into the ITO conducting film 13 of figure as shown in Figure 5 through the method for mask, exposure, development, etching; The conducting film bar that this ITO conducting film is a parallel arrangement, each conducting film bar interlacing connect cathode leg 11 and anode tap 12 respectively.
Then, as shown in Figure 6, with transparent photoresist, the marginal portion of ITO conducting film 13 is coated, form the transparent insulating layer 14 of OLED, be interrupted discharge and the lead-in wire overlap joint is bad with the burr that prevents ITO conducting film 13 edges.
Next, on the basis of figure shown in Figure 6, the organic function layer 16 that vapor deposition is transparent.Organic function layer 16 adopts the preparation of deposition mask plate.The vapor deposition position of organic function layer 16 is shown in dash area among Fig. 7, and it is positioned on the zone of the ITO conducting film bar that connects anode tap.In addition, organic function layer 16 can comprise hole injection layer, hole transmission layer, luminescent layer, electron transfer layer successively.
After having prepared organic function layer 16, with vapor deposition mask plate vapor deposition the second electrode lay, the figure of said the second electrode lay is shown in the blackstreak among Fig. 8, and each conducting block 17 overlap joint is on two neighbouring row ITO conducting film bars 13.In addition, each conducting block is processed by complete opaque material, can certainly be made by transparent material.
After having prepared the second electrode lay, just be made into OLED of the present invention.The light 18 of the OLED that is made into sends from substrate one side, like Figure 10 a-10c.
OLED is encapsulated, and bind the chip for driving (not shown), anode tap is connected with chip for driving respectively with cathode leg, forms the unidirection luminous screen body of perspectivity of the present invention.
In addition; Shown in Figure 9ly be prepared into the sketch map with Fig. 8 diverse location for the second electrode lay; When the second electrode lay is prepared into position shown in Figure 9, can guarantee that still every conducting block all can overlap simultaneously on the conducting film bar of the connection anode tap of first electrode layer and the conducting film bar that is connected cathode leg.Figure 10 a-10c is depicted as the profile that the second electrode lay is prepared into the OLED of diverse location, and under these several kinds of situation, every conducting block all can overlap simultaneously on the conducting film bar of the connection anode tap of first electrode layer and the conducting film bar that is connected cathode leg.
Embodiment two
In embodiment one; Insulating barrier 14 is arranged between the conducting film bar; Be insulating barrier is prepared into the figure like the insulating barrier among Figure 11 24 with the difference of implementing one in the present embodiment; The insulating barrier 24 of being separated by promptly is set on the every capable conducting film bar 23 that connects anode tap 22, and on the conducting film bar 23 that connects cathode leg 21, insulating barrier 24 is not set, this moment, the figure of each insulating barrier 24 that links to each other was trapezoidal; Because the figure of this insulating barrier 24 makes it on the ITO conducting film bar 23 that connects anode tap 22, be provided with partition, therefore can the mask of vapor deposition organic function layer be designed to figure shown in figure 12.Owing on simple bar shaped mask, increased the coupling part, the mechanical strength of this deposition mask version is increased, be more conducive to prepare the larger area lighting source.
Shown in figure 13 for present embodiment has prepared the figure behind the organic function layer 26, the figure of the OLED behind the conducting block 27 that has prepared the second electrode lay for present embodiment shown in figure 14.
The above only is an embodiment of the present invention; Should be noted that; For the person of ordinary skill of the art; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit of the present invention, can make some improvement, modification and distortion, these improve, revise and distortion all should be regarded as dropping in the application's the protection range.
Claims (9)
1. an organic electroluminescence device comprises substrate and is arranged on the little luminescence unit on the substrate, and said little luminescence unit is arranged in an array, it is characterized in that,
Said little luminescence unit is the layer structure of stack; This layer structure comprises first electrode layer, the second electrode lay and the organic function layer between first electrode layer and the second electrode lay; Wherein first electrode layer is positioned at substrate-side, and organic function layer comprises luminescent layer
The conducting film bar that said first electrode layer is a parallel arrangement, and interlacing connects anode tap and cathode leg respectively, is insulating barrier between every adjacent two row conducting film bars,
Said organic function layer is layered on the conducting film bar that connects anode tap,
Said the second electrode lay is the conducting block of array arrangement, and each conducting block overlap joint is at least two adjacent row conducting film bars of first electrode layer.
2. organic electroluminescence device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
The length of each conducting block of said the second electrode lay is less than or equal to the width sum at the interval between the every adjacent two capable conducting film bars of two row conducting film bars and twices of first electrode layer,
The length of said each conducting block is greater than the width sum at the interval between single file conducting film bar in first electrode layer and this conducting film bar and the adjacent conductive film bar.
3. organic electroluminescence electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Said conducting block overlap joint is on the two adjacent row conducting film bars of first electrode layer.
4. organic electroluminescence electroluminescent device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Said conducting block overlap joint is on the adjacent triplex row conducting film bar of first electrode layer.
5. like any one described organic electroluminescence device among the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that,
Said substrate, first electrode layer, organic function layer are formed by transparent material, and said conducting block is formed by opaque material, and the size at the longest position of each conducting block is less than the minimum size of differentiating of human eye.
6. organic electroluminescence device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the spacing between the said conducting block is greater than the minimum size of differentiating of human eye.
7. like any one described organic electroluminescence device among the claim 1-4,6, the gross area of said conducting block accounts for the 10-50% of substrate area.
8. organic electroluminescence device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this device is as the illuminating device of non-self-emitting display.
9. organic electroluminescence device as claimed in claim 8, reflective display or reflective liquid crystal that wherein said non-self-emitting display is Electronic Paper, interference modulations.
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| CN104600206A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-05-06 | 昆山维信诺科技有限公司 | OLED device and method for manufacturing OLED device |
| CN109728029A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-07 | 云谷（固安）科技有限公司 | Display panel and terminal |
| CN113096549A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 合肥鑫晟光电科技有限公司 | Driving back plate and display device |
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Effective date of registration: 20160219 Address after: 065500 Hebei Langfang emerging industry demonstration area Patentee after: GU'AN YEOLIGHT TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Patentee after: Tsinghua University Address before: 215300 Suzhou Province, Kunshan City, Kunshan hi tech Zone, Feng Feng Road, No. 188, No. Patentee before: Weixinnuo Display Tech Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Tsinghua University Patentee before: Weixinnuo Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing |