CN102455355A - Apparatus and method for rapidly assessing nano-material on biological security of breathing system - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for rapidly assessing nano-material on biological security of breathing system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for rapidly assessing a nano-material on biological security of a breathing system, the apparatus comprises a glass microprobe, an Ag/AgCl electrode placed in the glass microprobe, a reference Ag/AgCl electrode, a culture dish with cells and cell culture fluid, a patch clamp preposed current power amplifier, a patch clamp digital-analog/analog-to-digital converter, a SICM negative feedback scanning control circuit and a SICM high precision XYZ three dimensional piezoelectricity ceramic scanner. The method comprises the following steps: using a SICM technology for detecting the surface three dimensional structure of an in-vivo biological sample under the physiological liquid state culture condition, the change of microscopic appearance of cell surface before adding nano-material on the vivo-cell and after adding nano-material on the vivo-cell can be observed; influence of nano-material on vivo-cell function can be researched, a traditional patch clamp technology is employed, the biological security of the nano-material can be assessed by recording the voltaic change of the ion channels before adding the nano-material and after adding the nano-material. The apparatus and method of the invention have the advantages of easy realization and rapidity by using combination of SICM and the patch clamp technology, the security of the nano-material can be assessed from the structure and function.
Description
(1) technical field:
The invention belongs to assessment nano material security field; Be meant that especially the variation that utilizes cell surface micromorphology and electrophysiological recording result assesses the technical method of nano material security, promptly the rapid evaluation nano material is to the device and method of respiratory system biological safety.
(2) background technology:
Nano material very likely gets into atmospheric environment in its process of producing, transport, use and disposing; After being absorption of human body through respiratory tract; Bring grievous injury to human health probably and become the inducement of many major diseases, therefore also caused the concern of people the biological safety of nano material.Nano material commonly used comprises nano-ZnO, TiO
2, C
60, CuO etc., it has been widely used in the many aspects relevant with the human lives such as quantum device, extraordinary fine ceramics, sun power utilization, environmental protection catalyst, medicine, cosmetics.Although existing bibliographical information the poisonous effects of these nano materials to different levels biosystem (as: bacterium, hydrobiont, higher plant, mammal etc.); So as to the biological effect behind its entering life entity of preliminary discussion; But the interactional inherent mechanism of these nano materials and life cells; Especially to the research of live body alveolar epithelial cells microcosmic membrane structure and physiological function micromechanism of damage, lack strong technological means at present and utilize.
The scan ion electricity is led microscopy (scanning ion conductance microscope; SICM) be that the Hansma of University of California in 1989 designs on the PSTM basis; Ultimate principle relies on negative-feedback circuit and piezoelectric ceramics gated sweep to use glass microprobe for scanning SICM technology; Make that distance keeps constant between itself and sample surfaces, draw out the surface topography of sample through the track while scan of record glass microprobe.But because the limitation of negative feedback control method at that time and placement technology is with not enough; Very thin glass microspheres pipe probe often all of a sudden contacts with sample when scanning and causes needle point or sample to damage, and a very long time of SICM technology after its invention is only applicable to smooth mylar scanning imagery.Professor Korchev of Imperial College of Science and Technology in 1997 waits the control of the single flow negative feedback in the SICM technology is improved to ac modulation formula negative feedback control; Make this technology really realize the detection of real-time, contactless under the liquid condition of culture of physiology, high resolving power to living body biological sample surfaces three-dimensional microcosmic structure; Nanoscale microstructure like cell membrane is carried out to picture; Comprise dendron synaptic structure, epithelial cell microvillus and cardiac muscle cell's surface micro-structure etc.; And make it develop into progressively that (atomic force microscopy AFM) equally is widely used in a kind of advanced person's of nano biological medical research field micro-Detection Techniques with atomic force microscope technology.
The seventies, Germany Ma Pu Neher of research institute and Sakmann recorded single pass gas current with bipolar electrode voltage clamp method first on the frog myocyte; Thereby created patch clamp technique; This technology develops into the characteristic of acquisition living cells ion channel and the main experimental methods of distributed intelligence gradually, and its application makes people to the understanding of ion channel essence qualitative leap arranged.But utilize the multiple electricity physiological signals such as electric current of patch-clamp system through software acquisition probe resistance, film resting potential, ion channel in cell membrane, this provides a kind of simple and effective method for the researcher inquires into the cell plasma channel function.
There is following weak point in pair cell 26S Proteasome Structure and Function detection means at present: though ESEM has very high resolution; But because its requirement to sample electric conductivity makes it carry out three-dimensional imaging to nonconducting living body biological sample; Can only realize time and effort consuming and sample preparation very complicated through particular sample preparation method at sample surfaces spraying plating or sputter conduction (platinum) material; Atomic force microscope comes the scanning imagery of negative feedback control needle point at sample surfaces through the interaction force of needle point and sample room; Not only can produce power effect more or less to the biological sample surface; And cause the imaging difficulty of soft biological sample, especially can't obtain the Microvillares high-resolution imaging of alveolar epithelium; Though common patch clamp technique can be assessed the cells physiological function, because it only carries out the probe location by ordinary optical microscope, receive the optical diffraction limit resolution limiting not enough, be difficult to cell physiological changes of function and high-resolution membrane structure are connected.In addition, the assessment of most nano material securities need be carried out zoopery, and the not only high length consuming time of cost, and animal individual differs greatly, and causes result's reliability and repeatability bad.Through setting up suitable cell model, utilize combining of SICM technology and patch clamp technique, making becomes possibility from the security of inquiring into nano material aspect the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function two jointly on active somatic cell.
(3) summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to design a kind of from the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function the rapid evaluation nano material to the device and method of respiratory system biological safety; It provides a kind of scan ion electricity that utilizes to lead the easy means that security is assessed to nano material on active somatic cell that microscope combines with patch clamp technique to the deficiency of the detection means of existing pair cell 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.
Technical scheme of the present invention: the rapid evaluation nano material is to the device of respiratory system biological safety, it is characterized in that it comprises the glass microprobe that is full of electrolytic solution, places Ag/AgCl electrode, reference Ag/AgCl electrode, the double dish that includes cell and cell culture fluid, the preposition current power amplifier of patch-clamp, patch-clamp digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter, SICM negative feedback scan control circuit and SICM high precision XYZ three-dimensional piezoelectric ceramics scan table in the glass microprobe; The said glass microprobe of electrolytic solution and the cell culture fluid that reference Ag/AgCl electrode all places double dish of being full of; The said interior Ag/AgCl electrode of glass microprobe that places is connected with the preposition current power amplifier of patch-clamp respectively with reference Ag/AgCl electrode; The preposition current power amplifier of said patch-clamp is connected with patch-clamp digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter; Said patch-clamp digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter is connected with SICM negative feedback scan control circuit; The three-dimensional piezoelectric ceramics scan table of said SICM negative feedback scan control circuit and SICM high precision XYZ.
The preposition current power amplifier of above-mentioned said patch-clamp adopts the Multiclamp 700B amplifier of U.S. Molecular Device company.
Above-mentioned said patch-clamp digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter adopts the Digidata 1440A digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter of U.S. Molecular Device company.
The three-dimensional piezoelectric ceramics scan table of above-mentioned said SICM negative feedback scan control circuit and SICM high precision XYZ all adopts the ICnano SICM non-contact scanning ionic conductance microscopic system of Britain Ionscope company.
A kind of rapid evaluation nano material is characterized in that to the method for respiratory system biological safety it may further comprise the steps:
(1) obtain being suitable for utilizing the SICM technology to carry out the glass microprobe of high resolution scanning: the scanning that will draw is irritated liquid in the electrode with dashing in the glass microprobe; Be installed on the electrode jaw of built-in Ag/AgCl electrode in the SICM system; Active somatic cell is infiltrated in the outer liquid of electrode, built-in reference Ag/AgCl electrode; Measure the resistance of this glass microprobe through commercial patch clamp technique, select for use resistance～150M Ω to be used for follow up scan;
(2) utilize the SICM technology that the active somatic cell surface topography of under physiological condition, cultivating is observed: to flow into the glass microprobe change in current with the monitoring of SICM amplifier; Make glass microprobe and cell keep constant distance through negative feedback control, glass microprobe is the surface three dimension topological structure of active somatic cell under the normal physiological conditions at the track of cell surface;
(3) utilize the SICM technology to observe: to flow into the glass microprobe change in current with the monitoring of SICM amplifier to adding the active somatic cell surface topography of cultivating under the nano material; Make glass microprobe and cell keep constant distance through negative feedback control; This cell is still for adding the cell that is scanned before the nano material, the surface three dimension topological structure of glass microprobe active somatic cell after the track of cell surface is the adding nano material;
Utilize SICM can obtain the variation of active somatic cell membrane superficial tissue before and after the nano material effect, promptly assessed the biological safety of nano material from cyto-architectural angle;
(4) obtain being suitable for utilizing patch clamp technique to carry out the glass microprobe of ion channel current record: the scanning that will draw is irritated liquid in the electrode with dashing in the glass microprobe; Be installed on the electrode jaw in the SICM system; The built-in Ag/AgCl electrode of electrode jaw; Cellular infiltration outside electrode in the liquid, built-in reference Ag/AgCl electrode; Measure the resistance of this glass microprobe through commercial patch clamp technique, select for use resistance 3～5M Ω to be used for the record of follow-up ion channel current;
(5) utilize patch clamp technique to be recorded in the active somatic cell ion channel current of cultivating under the physiological condition: to utilize SICM technology Control Software that glass microprobe accurately is positioned on the cell cell space; Close SICM negative feedback control; Manually control then glass microprobe with vertical direction progressively near the cell cell space; Near passing through resistance detection software Continuous Observation probe change in resistance in the process, reach G Ω until resistance and promptly form the high impedance sealing-in; Break through ZAP function in the patch-clamp logging software or the artificial diaphragm that glass microprobe is clamped down on of sucking, form full cell record pattern this moment, can obtain the active somatic cell ion channel current result who cultivates under the physiological condition;
(6) utilize patch clamp technique to be recorded in to add the ion channel current of active somatic cell after the nano material: on the basis of step (5) record, accomplish; Detailed process is: obtain normal cell plasma channel current through step (5), in extracellular fluid, add nano material, adopt and the identical recording step of step (5), can obtain adding the ion channel current of active somatic cell after the nano material;
Utilize patch clamp technique can obtain nano material effect front and back ion channel in cell membrane change in current, promptly assessed the biological safety of nano material from the angle of cell function.
Above-mentioned said nano material is nano-ZnO, nano-TiO
2, nanometer C
60Or nanometer CuO.
Resistance detection The software adopted Clampex 10.2 softwares in the above-mentioned said step (5).
Superiority of the present invention: it is technological that 1, the present invention adopts a kind of SICM real-time, contactless under the liquid condition of culture of physiology, that high resolving power is surveyed living body biological sample surfaces three-dimensional structure, and it can be used for observing the variation that on active somatic cell, adds nano material front and back cell surface microscopic appearance; Influence the research of active somatic cell function for nano material, adopt traditional patch clamp technique, assess the biological safety of nano material adding the variation of ion channel current before and after the nano material through the record active somatic cell; 2, the means of utilizing SICM to combine with patch clamp technique are prone to realization, simple and efficient, the more important thing is the security that can assess nano material intuitively from 26S Proteasome Structure and Function two aspects.
(4) description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the related rapid evaluation nano material of the present invention to the device of respiratory system biological safety.
The scintigram that Fig. 2-A, Fig. 2-B obtain for the related SICM of utilization of the present invention in adding nano-ZnO front and back A549 surface of cell membrane structure; Wherein the nano-ZnO activity is 100mg/L; Be that (wherein, Fig. 2-A is for adding the scintigram of the preceding A549 surface of cell membrane structure of nano-ZnO for 2h action time; Fig. 2-B is the scintigram of A549 surface of cell membrane structure behind the adding nano-ZnO).
Fig. 3-A, Fig. 3-B, Fig. 3-C utilize the patch clamp technique record to add the ion channel current figure of nano-ZnO front and back A549 cell for the present invention is related, wherein the nano-ZnO activity is that (wherein, Fig. 3-A is the record program thereby to 100mg/L; Fig. 3-B is for adding the A549 cell plasma channel current figure that writes down before the nano-ZnO; Fig. 3-C is for adding the A549 cell plasma channel current figure that writes down behind the nano-ZnO).
(5) embodiment:
Embodiment: the rapid evaluation nano material is to the device (see figure 1) of respiratory system biological safety, it is characterized in that it comprises the glass microprobe that is full of electrolytic solution, places Ag/AgCl electrode, reference Ag/AgCl electrode, the double dish that includes cell and cell culture fluid, the preposition current power amplifier of patch-clamp, patch-clamp digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter, SICM negative feedback scan control circuit and SICM high precision XYZ three-dimensional piezoelectric ceramics scan table in the glass microprobe; The said glass microprobe of electrolytic solution and the cell culture fluid that reference Ag/AgCl electrode all places double dish of being full of; The said interior Ag/AgCl electrode of glass microprobe that places is connected with the preposition current power amplifier of patch-clamp respectively with reference Ag/AgCl electrode; The preposition current power amplifier of said patch-clamp is connected with patch-clamp digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter; Said patch-clamp digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter is connected with SICM negative feedback scan control circuit; The three-dimensional piezoelectric ceramics scan table of said SICM negative feedback scan control circuit and SICM high precision XYZ.
The preposition current power amplifier of above-mentioned said patch-clamp adopts the Multiclamp 700B amplifier of U.S. Molecular Device company.
Above-mentioned said patch-clamp digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter adopts the Digidata 1440A digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter of U.S. Molecular Device company;
The three-dimensional piezoelectric ceramics scan table of above-mentioned said SICM negative feedback scan control circuit and SICM high precision XYZ all adopts the ICnano SICM non-contact scanning ionic conductance microscopic system of Britain Ionscope company.
A kind of rapid evaluation nano material is to the method for respiratory system biological safety: the experiment nano material is selected nano-ZnO for use, and experimental subjects is selected A549 cell line (strain of people II type alveolar epithelial cells) for use.
The inside and outside liquid of SICM scanning experimental cell is selected L 15 nutrient culture media for use.The scanning of adopting laser to draw the appearance drawing is irritated L 15 nutrient culture media with dashing in the glass microprobe; Be installed on the electrode jaw in the SICM system; The A549 cell also is infiltrated in L 15 nutrient culture media, measures the resistance～150M Ω of this glass microprobe through commercial patch clamp technique; After configuring sweep parameter through S ICM scanning software; Make glass microprobe move closer to the A549 cell through negative feedback control; And finally reach the state that microprobe and A549 cell keep constant distance; Should monitor simultaneously and flow into the glass microprobe change in current, to monitor whole stability near process.When microprobe reaches in control state, can begin the A549 surface of cell membrane is carried out scanning imagery, its track of passing by is the surface three dimension topological structure (seeing Fig. 2-A, 80 * 80 μ m) of normal A549 cell.After scanning is accomplished, add nano-ZnO, its final concentration is 100mg/L, and be 2h action time.After the nano-ZnO effect finishes; With L 15 nutrient culture media with its wash-out; Make glass microprobe once more near the line scanning imaging of going forward side by side of A549 cell through negative feedback control, the surface three dimension topological structure (seeing Fig. 2-B, 80 * 80 μ m) in the time of can obtaining the 100mg/L nano-ZnO and act on A549 cell 2h.
Used fluid of inside and outside cell is prepared according to A549 cell physiological characteristic during the ion channel current record.The patch-clamp record that adopts laser to draw the appearance drawing is irritated liquid in the electrode with dashing in the glass microprobe; Be installed on the electrode jaw in the SICM system; The A549 cellular infiltration in extracellular fluid, is measured resistance 3～5M Ω of this glass microprobe through commercial patch clamp technique; Utilize SICM negative feedback Control Software that glass microprobe accurately is positioned on the A549 cell cell space; Close SICM negative feedback control; Manually control then glass microprobe with vertical direction progressively near A549 cell cell space; Near the probe change in resistance in Continuous Observation Clampex 10.2 softwares in the process, reach G Ω until resistance and promptly form the high impedance sealing-in.Break through ZAP function in the patch-clamp logging software or the artificial diaphragm that glass microprobe is clamped down on of sucking, form full cell record pattern this moment.Command potential is-70mV in the experiment, and SF is 10kHz, and low pass filtered frequency is 2kHz, adopts the used setting program of Clampex10.2 record current to see Fig. 3-A, can obtain normal A549 cell plasma channel current figure and (see Fig. 3-B); On this basis, in extracellular fluid, add nano-ZnO, final concentration is 100mg/L, the recording parameters of employing with dosing before recording parameters, the ion channel current figure that can obtain after the 100mg/L nano-ZnO acts on the A549 cell (sees Fig. 3-C).
Utilize SICM can obtain the variation of A549 surface of cell membrane structure before and after the nano-ZnO effect, promptly assessed the biological safety of nano material from cyto-architectural angle; Utilize patch clamp technique can obtain nano-ZnO effect front and back A549 ion channel in cell membrane change in current, promptly assessed the biological safety of nano material from the angle of cell function.
Claims (7)
1. the rapid evaluation nano material is to the device of respiratory system biological safety, it is characterized in that it comprises the glass microprobe that is full of electrolytic solution, places Ag/AgCl electrode, reference Ag/AgCl electrode, the double dish that includes cell and cell culture fluid, the preposition current power amplifier of patch-clamp, patch-clamp digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter, SICM negative feedback scan control circuit and SICM high precision XYZ three-dimensional piezoelectric ceramics scan table in the glass microprobe; The said glass microprobe of electrolytic solution and the cell culture fluid that reference Ag/AgCl electrode all places double dish of being full of; The said interior Ag/AgCl electrode of glass microprobe that places is connected with the preposition current power amplifier of patch-clamp respectively with reference Ag/AgCl electrode; The preposition current power amplifier of said patch-clamp is connected with patch-clamp digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter; Said patch-clamp digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter is connected with SICM negative feedback scan control circuit; The three-dimensional piezoelectric ceramics scan table of said SICM negative feedback scan control circuit and SICM high precision XYZ.
2. according to the device of the said rapid evaluation nano material of claim 1, it is characterized in that the preposition current power amplifier of said patch-clamp adopts the Multiclamp700B amplifier of U.S. Molecular Device company to the respiratory system biological safety.
3. according to the device of the said rapid evaluation nano material of claim 1, it is characterized in that said patch-clamp digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter adopts the Digidata 1440A digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converter of U.S. Molecular Device company to the respiratory system biological safety.
4. according to the device of the said rapid evaluation nano material of claim 1, it is characterized in that the three-dimensional piezoelectric ceramics scan table of said SICM negative feedback scan control circuit and SICM high precision XYZ all adopts the ICnano SICM non-contact scanning ionic conductance microscopic system of Britain Ionscope company to the respiratory system biological safety.
5. a rapid evaluation nano material is characterized in that to the method for respiratory system biological safety it may further comprise the steps:
(1) obtain being suitable for utilizing the SICM technology to carry out the glass microprobe of high resolution scanning: the scanning that will draw is irritated liquid in the electrode with dashing in the glass microprobe; Be installed on the electrode jaw of built-in Ag/AgCl electrode in the SICM system; Active somatic cell is infiltrated in the outer liquid of electrode, built-in reference Ag/AgCl electrode; Measure the resistance of this glass microprobe through commercial patch clamp technique, select for use resistance～150M Ω to be used for follow up scan;
(2) utilize the SICM technology that the active somatic cell surface topography of under physiological condition, cultivating is observed: to flow into the glass microprobe change in current with the monitoring of SICM amplifier; Make glass microprobe and cell keep constant distance through negative feedback control, glass microprobe is the surface three dimension topological structure of active somatic cell under the normal physiological conditions at the track of cell surface;
(3) utilize the SICM technology to observe: to flow into the glass microprobe change in current with the monitoring of SICM amplifier to adding the active somatic cell surface topography of cultivating under the nano material; Make glass microprobe and cell keep constant distance through negative feedback control; This cell is still for adding the cell that is scanned before the nano material, the surface three dimension topological structure of glass microprobe active somatic cell after the track of cell surface is the adding nano material;
Utilize SICM can obtain the variation of active somatic cell membrane superficial tissue before and after the nano material effect, promptly assessed the biological safety of nano material from cyto-architectural angle;
(4) obtain being suitable for utilizing patch clamp technique to carry out the glass microprobe of ion channel current record: the scanning that will draw is irritated liquid in the electrode with dashing in the glass microprobe; Be installed on the electrode jaw in the SICM system; The built-in Ag/AgCl electrode of electrode jaw; Cellular infiltration outside electrode in the liquid, built-in reference Ag/AgCl electrode; Measure the resistance of this glass microprobe through commercial patch clamp technique, select for use resistance 3～5M Ω to be used for the record of follow-up ion channel current;
(5) utilize patch clamp technique to be recorded in the active somatic cell ion channel current of cultivating under the physiological condition: to utilize SICM technology Control Software that glass microprobe accurately is positioned on the cell cell space; Close SICM negative feedback control; Manually control then glass microprobe with vertical direction progressively near the cell cell space; Near passing through resistance detection software Continuous Observation probe change in resistance in the process, reach G Ω until resistance and promptly form the high impedance sealing-in; Break through ZAP function in the patch-clamp logging software or the artificial diaphragm that glass microprobe is clamped down on of sucking, form full cell record pattern this moment, can obtain the active somatic cell ion channel current result who cultivates under the physiological condition;
(6) utilize patch clamp technique to be recorded in to add the ion channel current of active somatic cell after the nano material: on the basis of step (5) record, accomplish; Detailed process is: obtain normal cell plasma channel current through step (5), in extracellular fluid, add nano material, adopt and the identical recording step of step (5), can obtain adding the ion channel current of active somatic cell after the nano material;
Utilize patch clamp technique can obtain nano material effect front and back ion channel in cell membrane change in current, promptly assessed the biological safety of nano material from the angle of cell function.
6. according to the method for the said rapid evaluation nano material of claim 5, it is characterized in that said nano material is nano-ZnO, nano-TiO to the respiratory system biological safety
2, nanometer C
60Or nanometer CuO.
7. according to the method for the said rapid evaluation nano material of claim 5, it is characterized in that resistance detection The software adopted Clampex 10.2 softwares in the said step (5) to the respiratory system biological safety.
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| CN107328829A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-07 | 中国农业科学院农业信息研究所 | A kind of cellular electrophysiologicalsensor detection system and method based on scanning probe |
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