CN102454482A - 具有氮冷却式燃气轮机的整体气化联合循环系统 - Google Patents

具有氮冷却式燃气轮机的整体气化联合循环系统 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN102454482A
CN102454482A CN2011103359099A CN201110335909A CN102454482A CN 102454482 A CN102454482 A CN 102454482A CN 2011103359099 A CN2011103359099 A CN 2011103359099A CN 201110335909 A CN201110335909 A CN 201110335909A CN 102454482 A CN102454482 A CN 102454482A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
stream
combined cycle
cycle system
gasification combined
integrated gasification
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN2011103359099A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
B·D·加迪纳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of CN102454482A publication Critical patent/CN102454482A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
    • F02C1/002—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid using an auxiliary fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/30—Adding water, steam or other fluids for influencing combustion, e.g. to obtain cleaner exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
    • F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
    • F02C7/18—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium the medium being gaseous, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04539—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels
    • F25J3/04545—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels for the gasification of solid or heavy liquid fuels, e.g. integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F25J3/04575—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating for a gas expansion plant, e.g. dilution of the combustion gas in a gas turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04593—The air gas consuming unit is also fed by an air stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04612—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/205—Cooling fluid recirculation, i.e. after cooling one or more components is the cooling fluid recovered and used elsewhere for other purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/08—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases
    • F05D2270/082—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases with as little NOx as possible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
    • F25J2260/42—Integration in an installation using nitrogen, e.g. as utility gas, for inerting or purging purposes in IGCC, POX, GTL, PSA, float glass forming, incineration processes, for heat recovery or for enhanced oil recovery
    • F25J2260/44—Integration in an installation using nitrogen, e.g. as utility gas, for inerting or purging purposes in IGCC, POX, GTL, PSA, float glass forming, incineration processes, for heat recovery or for enhanced oil recovery using nitrogen for cooling purposes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及具有氮冷却式燃气轮机的整体气化联合循环系统。具体而言，本申请提供了一种整体气化联合循环系统。该整体气化联合循环系统可包括氮源、燃烧器以及涡轮。来自于氮源的氮流穿过涡轮并冷却涡轮，且然后流入燃烧器中。

Description

具有氮冷却式燃气轮机的整体气化联合循环系统
技术领域
本申请主要涉及燃气涡轮发动机，且更具体地涉及具有闭合回路氮冷却以及排放物控制的燃气涡轮发动机。
背景技术
公知的整体气化联合循环(″IGCC″)动力生成系统可包括与至少一个动力产生涡轮系统相整合的气化系统。例如，公知的气化器可将诸如煤的燃料与空气或氧、蒸汽以及其它添加剂的混合物转化成部分燃烧气体的输出，通常称为″合成气″。这些热燃烧气体可供送至燃气涡轮发动机的燃烧器。燃气涡轮发动机继而向发电机供能以产生电功率或用以驱动其它类型的负载。来自于燃气涡轮发动机的排气可供送至热回收蒸汽发生器，以便生成用于蒸汽轮机的蒸汽。由蒸汽轮机产生的动力也可驱动发电机或其它类型的负载。类似类型的动力生成系统也可为公知的。
公知的气化过程还可产生氮流。例如，空气分离单元可用于产生供送至气化器的氧。空气分离单元可通过将供送的空气中的氧与氮分离来产生氧。一部分氮可用于控制燃气涡轮发动机所产生的排放物或用于增大涡轮的功率输出。例如，氮可喷射到燃气涡轮发动机的燃烧区中，以便降低燃烧温度和降低一氧化二氮(″NOx″)的排放物。燃气涡轮发动机的涡轮区段经冷却以将构件温度保持在可容许的材料极限。由从压缩机区段抽出的空气所提供的冷却降低了发动机功率输出和热耗率(heat rate)。
因此，期望有一种改进的整体气化联合循环动力生成系统。此种IGCC系统优选将使用为生产目的而在其中产生的所有或大部分氮，同时改善整体的IGCC输出和热耗率。
发明内容
因此，本申请提供了一种整体气化联合循环系统。该整体气化联合循环系统可包括氮源、燃烧器以及涡轮。来自于氮源的氮流穿过涡轮并冷却涡轮，且然后流入燃烧器中。
本申请还提供了一种操作整体气化联合循环系统的方法。该方法可包括产生氮流、使氮流流过燃气轮机、在氮流流过燃气轮机时加热氮流、将现在加热的氮流的一部分喷射到燃烧器中，以及降低燃烧器操作温度。
本申请还提供了一种整体气化联合循环系统。该整体气化联合循环系统可包括用于产生氮流的空气分离单元、用于压缩氮流的压缩机、燃烧器以及涡轮。压缩的氮流穿过涡轮并冷却涡轮，且然后流入燃烧器中。
本领域的普通技术人员通过查阅以下详细描述，同时结合多个附图和所附权利要求，本申请的这些及其它特征和改进将变得明显。
附图说明
图1为燃气涡轮发动机的简图。
图2为燃气轮机的多个级的简图。
图3为可如本文所述那样的具有氮冷却式燃气轮机的整体气化联合循环系统的一部分的简图。
图4为具有氮冷却式燃气轮机的整体气化联合循环系统的备选实施例。
图5为具有氮冷却式燃气轮机的整体气化联合循环系统的备选实施例。
图6为具有氮冷却式燃气轮机的整体气化联合循环系统的备选实施例。
零件清单
100 燃气涡轮发动机
110 压缩机
120 空气流
130 燃烧器
140 燃料流
150 燃烧气流
160 涡轮
170 转子
180 发电机
190 涡轮级
200 第一级
210 第一级喷嘴
220 第一级轮叶
230 第二级
240 第二级喷嘴
250 第二级轮叶
260 第三级
270 第三级喷嘴
280 第三级轮叶
290 热气体通路
300 尖顶(tip)罩盖
350 整体气化联合循环系统
360 空气分离单元
370 氮流
380 氮压缩机
390 压力控制阀
400 静止构件冷却流
410 旋转构件冷却流
420 三通阀
430 燃烧器流
440 返回流
450 氮冷却器
460 整体气化联合循环系统
470 燃料加热器
480 整体气化联合循环系统
490 混合流
500 温度控制阀
510 整体气化联合循环系统
520 附加氮流
530 混合氮流
540 混合阀
具体实施方式
现参看附图，其中相似的标号在所有多个视图中表示相似的元件，图1示出了可如本文所述那样的燃气涡轮发动机100的简图。燃气涡轮发动机100可包括压缩机110。压缩机110压缩进入的空气流120。压缩机110将压缩的空气流120输送至燃烧器130。燃烧器130使压缩的空气流120与压缩的燃料流140相混合，且点燃混合物以形成燃烧气流150。尽管仅示出了单个燃烧器130，但燃气涡轮发动机100可包括任意数目的燃烧器130。燃烧气流150继而输送至涡轮160。燃烧气流150驱动涡轮160，以便通过使涡轮转子170转动来产生机械功。涡轮160中所产生的机械功通过涡轮转子170而驱动压缩机110和外部负载，如发电机180等。
燃气涡轮发动机100可使用天然气、各种类型的合成气，以及其它类型的燃料。燃气涡轮发动机100可为由General ElectricCompany(Schenectady，New York)等提供的任意数目的不同涡轮机。燃气涡轮发动机100可具有其它构造，且可使用其它类型的构件。这里还可使用其它类型的燃气涡轮发动机。多个燃气涡轮发动机100、其它类型的涡轮机以及其它类型的动力生成设备也可在这里一起使用。
图2示出了涡轮160的多个级190。第一级200可包括多个沿周向间隔开的第一级喷嘴210和轮叶220。同样，第二级230可包括多个沿周向间隔开的第二级喷嘴240和轮叶250。此外，第三级260可包括多个沿周向间隔开的第三级喷嘴270和轮叶280。级200，230，260可定位在穿过涡轮160的热气体通路290中。这里可使用任何数目的级190。一个或多个轮叶220，250，280可具有位于其上的尖顶罩盖300。其它类型的涡轮构造也可在这里使用。
旋转构件，也即轮叶220，250，280，以及静止构件，也即喷嘴210，240，270，可具有经由其延伸的一个或多个冷却回路310。在该实例中，冷却回路310可为闭合回路。冷却介质可经由其传送，以便冷却热气体通路290内的涡轮160构件。其它类型的冷却构造也可在这里使用。
图3示出了可如本文所述那样的整体气化联合循环系统350的部分。IGCC系统350可包括如上文所述且还为相似构造的燃气涡轮发动机100及其构件。IGCC系统350还可包括空气分离单元360。如上文所述，空气分离单元360可与气化器(未示出)等连通。空气分离单元360可产生氧流和氮流370。其它氮源和/或其它气源也可在这里使用。
在该实例中，空气分离单元360可经由一个或多个氮压缩机380而与燃气涡轮发动机100的涡轮160连通。氮压缩机380可为常规设计。氮压缩机380将氮流370压缩至足够的压力，也即足以满足压缩机稀释喷射要求加上因管路、设备、涡轮构件冷却剂回路等造成的所有损失的压力。也可使用压力控制阀390。压力控制阀390通过例如囊(balloon)应力减轻和其它技术来防止过压。
氮流370可引导至冷却回路310。氮流370可分成用以冷却其中的静止构件的静止构件冷却流400，以及用以冷却其中的旋转构件的旋转构件冷却流410。冷却流400，410然后可在涡轮160下游汇合。
在三通阀420或类似类型的流动装置处，氮流370可再次分离，此时分成燃烧器流430和返回流440。燃烧器流430可作为稀释喷射物输送至燃烧器130，用于NOx的排放和/或燃气轮机的功率增大。返回流440可通过锅炉给水或其它流动源来在氮冷却器450中冷却至适于通过压缩机380压缩的温度。返回流440然后可再循环到冷却回路310中或用于其它目的。氮冷却器450可为任何类型的热交换器等。其它构造也可在这里使用。其它类型的流也可在这里使用。
图4示出了整体气化联合循环系统460的部分的备选实施例。IGCC系统460可类似于上文所述的IGCC系统350且增加了燃料加热器470。燃料加热器470可与涡轮160下游的燃烧器流430以及燃料流140连通。燃烧器流430可基于燃烧系统设计要求，通过直接地与进入的燃料流140进行热交换或经由中间热交换环路来冷却至可容许的最高温度。作为备选，燃烧器流430还可与锅炉给水或其它类型的适合冷却源交换热。其它构造也可在这里使用。
图5示出了整体气化联合循环系统480的备选实施例。IGCC系统480可类似于上文所述的IGCC系统350。在该实例中，热交换器450下游的返回流440可包括混合流490。热燃烧器流430可在喷射到燃烧器130中之前与冷却的混合流490混合至可容许的最高温度。温度控制阀500也可在这里使用。其它构造也可在这里使用。
在使用中，本文所述的IGCC 350，460，480使用氮流370以连续布置来进行热气体通路冷却和燃烧稀释喷射，以便提供功率输出和热耗率两者的显著操作性改善。具体而言，IGCC 350，460，480可减少从压缩机110抽出的涡轮构件冷却空气量，可将来自热气体通路冷却的高水平能量直接地传送至燃烧系统，以及可容许优化随氮冷却流和温度而变化的涡轮冷却流和燃烧温度。IGCC 350，460，480还可使用氮冷却器450来加热锅炉给水或其它源，以产生蒸汽进入及底循环中，从而提高蒸汽轮机的功率输出。因此，IGCC 350，460，480使用通过空气分离单元360等所产生的所有或大部分氮流370，和/或使氮流再循环以便进一步使用。
相比于常规压缩机抽出流，供送至涡轮160的氮流的较低温度容许所需冷却流的减少，以便能够优化构件冷却通道和整体燃气轮机性能。因此，由构件冷却方案(scheme)通过热燃烧器流430回收至燃烧器130的热将减少总体燃料流140，且因此改善整个系统的热耗率。氮流370的较低温度还可导致其中总共所需的冷却流的减少。
图6示出了整体气化联合循环系统510的另一备选实施例。IGCC系统510可类似于上文所述的IGCC系统350。在该实例中，氮流370在穿过涡轮冷却通道400，410之后，与来自于氮压缩机380的附加氮流520相混合。混合的氮流530然后可输送至燃烧器130。混合阀540可提供为用以控制两股混合氮流370，520之间的流动分离。其它构造也可在这里使用。
很明显，上文仅涉及本申请的一些实施例，且在不脱离由所附权利要求及其等同物所限定的本发明的总体精神和范围的情况下，本领域的普通技术人员可在此作出许多变化和修改。

Claims (20)

1.一种整体气化联合循环系统，包括：
氮源；
燃烧器；以及
涡轮；
其中，来自于所述氮源的氮流穿过所述涡轮并冷却所述涡轮，且然后流入所述燃烧器中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的整体气化联合循环系统，其特征在于，所述氮源包括空气分离单元。
3.根据权利要求1所述的整体气化联合循环系统，其特征在于，所述整体气化联合循环系统还包括定位在所述氮源下游的一个或多个氮压缩机。
4.根据权利要求1所述的整体气化联合循环系统，其特征在于，所述氮流包括旋转构件冷却流和静止构件冷却流。
5.根据权利要求1所述的整体气化联合循环系统，其特征在于，所述氮流包括所述涡轮下游的燃烧器流。
6.根据权利要求5所述的整体气化联合循环系统，其特征在于，所述氮流还包括所述涡轮下游的返回流。
7.根据权利要求6所述的整体气化联合循环系统，其特征在于，所述整体气化联合循环系统还包括定位在所述涡轮下游且与所述返回流连通的氮冷却器。
8.根据权利要求7所述的整体气化联合循环系统，其特征在于，所述返回流包括混合流，以及其中，所述混合流与所述燃烧器上游的燃烧器流相混合。
9.根据权利要求5所述的整体气化联合循环系统，其特征在于，所述整体气化联合循环系统还包括燃料加热器，所述燃料加热器定位在所述燃烧器上游且与所述燃烧器流连通以加热其中的燃料流。
10.一种操作整体气化联合循环系统的方法，包括：
产生氮流；
使所述氮流流过燃气轮机；
在所述氮流流过所述燃气轮机时加热所述氮流；
将现在加热的氮流的一部分喷射到燃烧器中；以及
降低燃烧器操作温度。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括以下步骤：利用现在加热的氮流的剩余部分加热流体流。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括以下步骤：将现在加热的氮流的所述一部分与现在加热的氮流的剩余部分的一部分相混合。
13.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括以下步骤：利用现在加热的氮流的剩余部分加热燃料流。
14.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括以下步骤：将现在加热的氮流的剩余部分再循环至所述涡轮。
15.根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括以下步骤：压缩所述氮流。
16.一种整体气化联合循环系统，包括：
用于产生氮流的空气分离单元；
用于压缩所述氮流的压缩机；
燃烧器；以及
涡轮；
其中，压缩的所述氮流穿过所述涡轮并冷却所述涡轮，且然后流入所述燃烧器中。
17.根据权利要求16所述的整体气化联合循环系统，其特征在于，所述氮流包括旋转构件冷却流和静止构件冷却流。
18.根据权利要求16所述的整体气化联合循环系统，其特征在于，所述氮流包括所述涡轮下游的燃烧器流。
19.根据权利要求16所述的整体气化联合循环系统，其特征在于，所述氮流还包括所述涡轮下游的返回流。
20.根据权利要求19所述的整体气化联合循环系统，其特征在于，所述整体气化联合循环系统还包括定位在所述涡轮下游且与所述返回流连通的氮冷却器。
CN2011103359099A 2010-10-22 2011-10-21 具有氮冷却式燃气轮机的整体气化联合循环系统 Pending CN102454482A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/910033 2010-10-22
US12/910,033 US8186169B2 (en) 2010-10-22 2010-10-22 Nitrogen cooled gas turbine with combustor nitrogen injection and partial nitrogen recycling

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN102454482A true CN102454482A (zh) 2012-05-16

Family

ID=45923353

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2011103359099A Pending CN102454482A (zh) 2010-10-22 2011-10-21 具有氮冷却式燃气轮机的整体气化联合循环系统

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8186169B2 (zh)
JP (1) JP5114589B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN102454482A (zh)
DE (1) DE102011054666A1 (zh)
FR (1) FR2966510A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110307091A (zh) * 2019-08-08 2019-10-08 上海交通大学 用于燃气轮机的液氮直喷式进气冷却系统

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11542016B2 (en) 2018-03-23 2023-01-03 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Cryogenic cooling system for an aircraft

Family Cites Families (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5340274A (en) 1991-11-19 1994-08-23 General Electric Company Integrated steam/air cooling system for gas turbines
US5406786A (en) 1993-07-16 1995-04-18 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Integrated air separation - gas turbine electrical generation process
US5491971A (en) 1993-12-23 1996-02-20 General Electric Co. Closed circuit air cooled gas turbine combined cycle
JPH0814062A (ja) * 1994-06-28 1996-01-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 複合発電プラント
JPH0828299A (ja) * 1994-07-12 1996-01-30 Toshiba Corp 石炭ガス化発電プラント
JPH08218891A (ja) * 1995-02-09 1996-08-27 Hitachi Ltd ガス化発電プラント
US6217280B1 (en) * 1995-10-07 2001-04-17 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Turbine inter-disk cavity cooling air compressor
US5611197A (en) 1995-10-23 1997-03-18 General Electric Company Closed-circuit air cooled turbine
US6098395A (en) * 1996-04-04 2000-08-08 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Closed-loop air cooling system for a turbine engine
US5782076A (en) * 1996-05-17 1998-07-21 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Closed loop air cooling system for combustion turbines
JPH10231736A (ja) * 1997-02-19 1998-09-02 Hitachi Ltd ガス化複合発電プラント
JPH1193694A (ja) 1997-09-18 1999-04-06 Toshiba Corp ガスタービンプラント
US6065282A (en) 1997-10-29 2000-05-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. System for cooling blades in a gas turbine
JP3973772B2 (ja) * 1998-08-28 2007-09-12 株式会社東芝 石炭ガス化コンバインドサイクル発電プラント
US6578362B1 (en) 1999-05-17 2003-06-17 General Electric Co. Methods and apparatus for supplying cooling air to turbine engines
FR2806755B1 (fr) * 2000-03-21 2002-09-27 Air Liquide Procede et installation de generation d'energie utilisant un appareil de separation d'air
DE10027833A1 (de) * 2000-06-05 2001-12-13 Alstom Power Nv Verfahren zum Kühlen einer Gasturbinenanlage sowie Gasturbinenanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US6574966B2 (en) * 2000-06-08 2003-06-10 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas turbine for power generation
GB2373299B (en) * 2001-03-12 2004-10-27 Alstom Power Nv Re-fired gas turbine engine
US6487863B1 (en) 2001-03-30 2002-12-03 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Method and apparatus for cooling high temperature components in a gas turbine
CN101287893B (zh) * 2005-08-05 2012-06-13 西门子公司 提高带有一体化燃料气化器的燃气和蒸汽联合发电厂效率的方法
US7584598B2 (en) * 2005-08-10 2009-09-08 Alstom Technology Ltd. Method for operating a gas turbine and a gas turbine for implementing the method
US7513118B2 (en) * 2005-08-10 2009-04-07 Alstom Technology Ltd. Method for operating a gas turbine and a gas turbine for implementing the method
DE102005042889B4 (de) * 2005-09-09 2019-05-09 Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG Gasturbogruppe
US7581401B2 (en) 2005-09-15 2009-09-01 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for cooling gas turbine engine components
US7980052B1 (en) * 2010-05-20 2011-07-19 Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc. Industrial gas turbine engine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110307091A (zh) * 2019-08-08 2019-10-08 上海交通大学 用于燃气轮机的液氮直喷式进气冷却系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102011054666A1 (de) 2012-04-26
FR2966510A1 (fr) 2012-04-27
US8186169B2 (en) 2012-05-29
US20120096868A1 (en) 2012-04-26
JP5114589B2 (ja) 2013-01-09
JP2012092834A (ja) 2012-05-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3623604B1 (en) Hybrid expander cycle with pre-compression cooling and turbo-generator
US11047264B2 (en) Power generation system and method with partially recuperated flow path
JP6702636B2 (ja) 動力発生システムおよび動力を発生させるための方法
US6276123B1 (en) Two stage expansion and single stage combustion power plant
US20050262848A1 (en) Methods and apparatus for operating gas turbine engines
US20090260342A1 (en) Gas turbine
CN104769256A (zh) 燃气轮机能量补充系统和加热系统
CN103629661A (zh) 用于在燃气涡轮的连续燃烧系统中混合稀释空气的方法
US20140331686A1 (en) Gas turbine combined cycle system
US20100229566A1 (en) Two-shaft gas turbine system
CN106461227A (zh) 具有废气再循环的轴向级燃烧系统
US9890710B2 (en) Power plant with steam generation via combustor gas extraction
US8376687B2 (en) System and method for cooling steam turbine rotors
CN105986895A (zh) 具有产生超额气流的压缩机和用于其的换热器的发电系统
CN102853451A (zh) 用于冷却过渡喷嘴的方法和系统
US9169777B2 (en) Gas turbine engine with water and steam injection
JP2012057617A (ja) 噴霧化空気エネルギの効率的利用による複合サイクル・パワー増強
CN102454482A (zh) 具有氮冷却式燃气轮机的整体气化联合循环系统
CN106468449A (zh) 带有用于稀释的冷却气体的连续燃烧布置
US6978621B2 (en) Turbo recuperator device
US11053851B2 (en) Supplementary air injection system for gas turbines
US10358979B2 (en) Turbocooled vane of a gas turbine engine
US20130061600A1 (en) Method of controlling temperature of gas turbine components using a compressed moisurized coolant
KR101228342B1 (ko) 저온 연소기 및 이를 포함하는 압축 가스 저장 동력 발생 시스템

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C02 Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001)
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20120516