CN102446437A - Teaching experimental device for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy - Google Patents
Teaching experimental device for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102446437A CN102446437A CN2010105082349A CN201010508234A CN102446437A CN 102446437 A CN102446437 A CN 102446437A CN 2010105082349 A CN2010105082349 A CN 2010105082349A CN 201010508234 A CN201010508234 A CN 201010508234A CN 102446437 A CN102446437 A CN 102446437A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- container
- mechanical energy
- piston
- thermal energy
- energy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of a physical teaching experimental device, in particular to a teaching experimental device for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy. The invention provides a teaching experimental device for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy, and the teaching experimental device mainly consists of an operating unit for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy and a temperature monitoring unit. During an experiment process, a container (M1) is heated, air inside the container is expanded to push a piston (B) to move upwards, after the heating is stopped, the container (M1) is gradually cooled, the air inside the container is shrunk to pull the piston (B) to move downwards, the phenomenon states that the thermal energy does work on the piston (B) through the air inside the container (M1), and the thermal energy is converted into the mechanical energy. At the same time, by monitoring the correlation situation between the variation of temperature inside the container (M1) and the movement of the piston, the conversion phenomenon between the thermal energy and the mechanical energy can be more direct to understand. Due to the adoption of the device, the demonstration experiment for converting the thermal energy to the mechanical energy can be convenient to complete, and the experimental teaching effect can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to physics teaching experiment device technique field, particularly heat energy is converted into the mechanical energy experiment device for teaching.
Background technology
Mechanical energy converts interior ability into, interiorly can convert the important and indispensable content of ten minutes that mechanical energy is physics teaching in secondary school into.In the conventional physical teaching; This experiment generally be to utilize " compression ignite appearance " to carry out; Method is that the cotton ball getting an amount of nitrocotton or dip in ether is put into the compression appearance cylinder of igniting; So with using Piston Compression cylinder interior gas, the ether burning exhaust hood internal gas pressure increase in nitrocotton or the cotton ball pops up piston rapidly, thereby checking heat energy can be converted into mechanical energy.Though experiment has represented the process that heat energy is converted into mechanical energy more intuitively, experimentation is too complicated, and the consumption of ether more bad grasp, consumption very little, the demonstration DeGrain; The too many danger that then increases experiment of consumption.When a lot of teachers use this traditional mode to do this experiment, usually can run into some awkward scenes, when preparing experiment before the class, once success is very well, and takes in the classroom when demonstrating to the student, but is difficult to successfully, has influenced the teaching efficiency in classroom.Therefore " difficulty is ignited, easy fracture and ignition substance be difficult to find " of traditional experiment apparatus and method is difficult problems of puzzled numerous teachers.
This heat energy is converted into that the mechanical energy experiment device for teaching is simple in structure, easy-to-operate, effect are obvious, is convenient to demonstration and observes, and can improve the effect of experimental teaching greatly.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of heat energy to be converted into the mechanical energy experiment device for teaching, and this apparatus structure is simple, easy-to-operate, success ratio is high, effect is obvious, can improve the effect of experimental teaching greatly.
The present invention is that the heat energy that is anti-" L " type that material is processed is converted into mechanical energy operating unit and one and is made up of this temperature monitoring unit that can electric bridge constitutes of favour by one with high strength boronation glass mainly.In heat energy is converted into the less cylinder of the diameter of mechanical energy operating unit, piston (B) is installed, pointer (F) is equipped with on the top of piston, at the other scale (R) that is equipped with of the less cylinder of diameter.A thermistor (Rt) and the electrical heating element (W1) of a 20K Ω are installed in the bigger cylinder of diameter; Temperature detection output terminal (N1, N2) passes container (M1) through two leads outer wall is connected with thermistor (Rt) two ends, and electrical heating element (W1) passes container (M1) through lead outer wall is connected with power supply (P2) through a telegraph key (K2).Resistance (R1, R2), potentiometer (R3), galvanometer (G), direct supply P1 form the temperature monitoring unit.When the resistance of the thermistor that X1, X2 connected (Rt) of temperature monitoring unit changes, bigger swing will take place in galvanometric pointer.Because thermistor (Rt) places container (M1) inside, when (M1) internal temperature changes, bigger variation will take place in the resistance of thermistor (Rt), and bigger swing will take place galvanometric pointer.Because container (M1) is airtight; When container (M1) when being heated its internal gas can expand; And then can promote piston (B) and move upward; At this moment the pointer (F) that is fixed on the piston upper end also will move upward synchronously, can significantly observe pointer (F) direction of motion and distance by the scale (R) of its installed beside.Equally; Its internal gas can shrink when container (M1) cools off; And then can spur piston (B) and move downward, the pointer (F) that at this moment is fixed on the piston upper end also will move downward synchronously, can significantly observe pointer (F) direction of motion and distance by the scale (R) of its installed beside.
Can make electrical heating element (W1) work be container (M1) heating through closed telegraph key (K2) during experiment; Also can use spirit lamp directly to container (M1) bottom (bottom of the cylinder that diameter is bigger) heating; At this moment container (M1) its internal gas that is heated can expand; And then can promote piston (B) and move upward, the pointer (F) that is fixed on the piston upper end also will move upward synchronously, can significantly observe pointer (F) direction of motion and distance by the scale (R) of its installed beside.When cutting off the electricity supply; After stopping heating, its internal gas can shrink when container (M1) cools off, and then can spur piston (B) and move downward; At this moment the pointer (F) that is fixed on the piston upper end also will move downward synchronously; Scale (R) by its installed beside can significantly be observed pointer (F) direction of motion and distance, makes interior can the generation of the interior gas of container (M1) change and through the interior gas of container (M1) piston (B) done merit through this phenomenon explanation heat energy, and heat energy transforms for mechanical energy.Meanwhile can observe the situation of change of container (M1) temperature inside intuitively through the temperature monitoring unit, and then can be through the state of the variation of container (M1) temperature inside and piston motion clearer and more definite being understood intuitively the phenomenon that heat energy and mechanical energy transform.Utilize the completion heat energy that this device can be simple and convenient to be converted into the lecture experiment of mechanical energy and can to improve the effect of experimental teaching greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is converted into mechanical energy operating unit synoptic diagram for the heat energy of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the temperature monitoring unit internal circuit diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is done further detailed description.
Like Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 2, the present invention is that the heat energy that is anti-" L " type that material is processed is converted into mechanical energy operating unit and one and is made up of this temperature monitoring unit that can electric bridge constitutes of favour by one with high strength boronation glass mainly.
M1 is to be the type container that is anti-" L " type that is made up of the different cylinders that connect each other of two diameters that material is processed with high strength boronation glass among Fig. 1; The diameter of large cylinder is about 5cm, the high 15cm of cylinder, and little drum diameter is about 2cm; The long 20cm of cylinder; Because the diameter of the cylinder of heating part is bigger in this example, can improve the stroke of piston operation when testing, make the better effects if of experiment.Piston (B) is installed in the less cylinder of diameter, and pointer (F) is equipped with on the top of piston, at the other scale (R) that is fixed with of roundlet tube.A thermistor (Rt) and the electrical heating element (W1) of a 20K Ω are installed in the bigger cylinder of diameter, and temperature detection output terminal (N1, N2) passes container (M1) through two leads outer wall is connected with thermistor (Rt) two ends.Electrical heating element (W1) passes container (M1) through lead outer wall is connected with power supply (P2) through a telegraph key (K2).
Among Fig. 2; The thermistor (Rt) that resistance (R1, R2), potentiometer (R3), galvanometer (G), power switch (k1) direct supply (P1) and X1, X2 end connect is formed a Wheatstone bridge; Be encapsulated in the plastic casing; Constitute the temperature monitoring unit, be used to monitor container (M1) internal temperature and change.R3 is a 100K Ω potentiometer, the static registration that is used for regulating galvanometer (G).When the resistance of the thermistor (Rt) that X1, X2 connected in the electric bridge changes, bigger swing will take place in the pointer of galvanometer (G).Because thermistor (Rt) places container (M1) inside; When (M1) internal temperature changes, bigger variation will take place in the resistance of thermistor (Rt), and bigger swing will take place galvanometric pointer (presses the direction of current in the present embodiment; Resistance can become big when thermistor Rt temperature raises; And when thermistor Rt resistance raise, galvanometric pointer was whereby synchronously indicated container in variation of temperature by big deflection takes place clockwise to the right).Because container (M1) is airtight; When container (M1) when being heated its internal gas can expand; And then can promote piston (B) and move upward; At this moment the pointer (F) that is fixed on the piston upper end also will move upward synchronously, can significantly observe pointer (F) direction of motion and distance by the scale (R) of its installed beside.Equally; Its internal gas can shrink when container (M1) cools off; And then can spur piston (B) and move downward, the pointer (F) that at this moment is fixed on the piston upper end also will move downward synchronously, can significantly observe pointer (F) direction of motion and distance by the scale (R) of its installed beside.But S1 be one can switch drain tap, be used for the atmospheric pressure state in the initialization container (M1).
During experiment; The detection input end (X1, X2) of temperature monitoring unit is connected respectively to the temperature that heat energy is converted into the mechanical energy unit to be surveyed on the output terminal (N1, N2); Open then and close drain tap (S1) again after drain tap (S1) is put back into reference position (bottom) with piston (B); Powered-down switch (K1) is regulated (R3) and is made the static registration of galvanometer (G) point to " 0 ".Then; Can make electrical heating element (W1) work be container (M1) heating through closed telegraph key (K2); Also can use spirit lamp directly to container (M1) bottom (bottom of the cylinder that diameter is bigger) heating, at this moment container (M1) its internal gas that is heated can expand, and then can promote piston (B) and move upward; The pointer (F) that is fixed on the piston upper end also will move upward synchronously, can significantly observe pointer (F) direction of motion and distance by the scale (R) of its installed beside.When cutting off the electricity supply; After stopping heating, its internal gas can shrink when container (M1) cools off, and then can spur piston (B) and move downward; At this moment the pointer (F) that is fixed on the piston upper end also will move downward synchronously; Scale (R) by its installed beside can significantly be observed pointer (F) direction of motion and distance, makes interior can the generation of the interior gas of container (M1) change and through the interior gas of container (M1) piston (B) done merit through this phenomenon explanation heat energy, and heat energy transforms for mechanical energy.Meanwhile can observe the situation of change of container (M1) temperature inside intuitively through the temperature monitoring unit, and then can be through the phenomenon of understanding heat energy and mechanical energy conversion more intuitively to the state of the variation of container (M1) temperature inside and piston motion.
Utilize this device can make student's vivid observation more directly perceived and understand the phenomenon that heat energy is converted into mechanical energy, improved the success ratio of experiment and the effect of experimental teaching greatly.
This apparatus structure is simple, easy to operate, effect obviously is convenient to demonstration and observation, can improve the effect of experimental teaching greatly.
Thermistor in the present embodiment (Rt) select for use temperature coefficient higher have positive temperature coefficient (PTC) (PTC) type, rated voltage is the 20K Ω thermistor of 6V; R1, R2 select the carbon resister of 20K Ω for use, and potentiometer (R3) is the small-sized potentiometer of 100K Ω, and galvanometer (G) is selected AC15 type direct current reflecting type galvanometer for use; Direct supply is selected the 6V direct supply for use, and available four joint AA batteries are composed in series.Other element does not have specific (special) requirements.
Claims (1)
1. a heat energy is converted into the mechanical energy experiment device for teaching; Comprise that a heat energy is converted into mechanical energy operating unit and a temperature monitoring unit; Different what connect each other is that anti-" L " type container that is that the cylinder of material constitutes constitutes with high strength boronation glass by two diameters to it is characterized in that being converted into the mechanical energy operating unit by heat energy; In the less cylinder of diameter piston is installed; The upper end of piston is equipped with pointer, is equipped with on the scale in that the less cylinder of diameter is other, in the bigger cylinder of diameter a thermistor (Rt) and electrical heating element (W1) is installed; Temperature detection output terminal (N1, N2) passes container (M1) through two leads outer wall is connected with thermistor (Rt) two ends, and resistance (R1, R2), potentiometer (R3), galvanometer (G), direct supply (P1) are formed the temperature monitoring unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105082349A CN102446437A (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Teaching experimental device for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105082349A CN102446437A (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Teaching experimental device for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102446437A true CN102446437A (en) | 2012-05-09 |
Family
ID=46008906
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105082349A Pending CN102446437A (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Teaching experimental device for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102446437A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100787897B1 (en) * | 2006-10-12 | 2007-12-27 | 김바로 | An experimental tool capable of confirming unit force, unit energy and unit power |
| CN201017500Y (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-02-06 | 张学超 | Mechanical energy conservation law verification device |
| CN101582211A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2009-11-18 | 许家安 | System for demonstrating energy conversion |
| CN201812408U (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-04-27 | 柳延东 | Heat energy-to-mechanical energy teaching experiment device |
-
2010
- 2010-10-15 CN CN2010105082349A patent/CN102446437A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100787897B1 (en) * | 2006-10-12 | 2007-12-27 | 김바로 | An experimental tool capable of confirming unit force, unit energy and unit power |
| CN201017500Y (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-02-06 | 张学超 | Mechanical energy conservation law verification device |
| CN101582211A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2009-11-18 | 许家安 | System for demonstrating energy conversion |
| CN201812408U (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-04-27 | 柳延东 | Heat energy-to-mechanical energy teaching experiment device |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 人民教育出版社物理研究室、中国教育学会物理教学研究会: "《义务教育三年制/四年制初级中学物理第二册（试验本）实验参考书》", 31 December 1991, 人民教育出版社 * |
| 贺瑞灵: "《初中物理演示实验（力、热部分）》", 30 November 1982, 陕西科学技术出版社 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN201812408U (en) | Heat energy-to-mechanical energy teaching experiment device | |
| CN203672563U (en) | Expanding packer rubber cylinder high temperature performance tester | |
| CN102446437A (en) | Teaching experimental device for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy | |
| CN205094067U (en) | Drinking cup based on electricity generation of difference in temperature intelligence | |
| CN203225048U (en) | Joule's law experimental teaching demonstrator | |
| CN201690390U (en) | Small outdoor generating device | |
| CN201812407U (en) | Teaching experiment device for converting mechanical energy into internal energy | |
| CN206945224U (en) | A kind of Simple transformer oil oil leakage alarm device | |
| CN102446438A (en) | Teaching experimental equipment for converting mechanical energy into internal energy | |
| Che et al. | Electromechanical phase transition of a dielectric elastomer tube under internal pressure of constant mass | |
| CN201724877U (en) | Safe experimental device for measuring volume content of oxygen in air | |
| CN202887513U (en) | Stroboscopic laser pointer | |
| CN102005149A (en) | Light intensity test method of photovoltaic panel | |
| CN201829106U (en) | Thermoelectric generation experimental instrument | |
| CN219716274U (en) | Hot air flow demonstration teaching aid | |
| CN202351193U (en) | Simulated ignition device for heating and combustion of cable | |
| CN209199436U (en) | A kind of wireless lighting demonstration device | |
| CN217034987U (en) | Stirling engine principle teaching aid | |
| CN209149642U (en) | A kind of transparent university physics calorifics experimental rig | |
| CN2517871Y (en) | Small diameter heat durable collector | |
| CN207149042U (en) | A kind of gas leakage long-distance alarm apparatus | |
| CN201662601U (en) | Portable transformer temperature-control tester | |
| CN203847187U (en) | Waste heat power generation system | |
| CN102253336A (en) | Device for testing pressure of contact finger of high-voltage isolating switch | |
| CN107102111B (en) | A kind of natural gas intelligent measuring device that can flexibly detect |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20120509 |