CN102446438A - Teaching experimental equipment for converting mechanical energy into internal energy - Google Patents
Teaching experimental equipment for converting mechanical energy into internal energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN102446438A CN102446438A CN2010105082620A CN201010508262A CN102446438A CN 102446438 A CN102446438 A CN 102446438A CN 2010105082620 A CN2010105082620 A CN 2010105082620A CN 201010508262 A CN201010508262 A CN 201010508262A CN 102446438 A CN102446438 A CN 102446438A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of physical teaching experimental equipment, particularly to teaching experimental equipment for converting mechanical energy into internal energy. The teaching experimental equipment for converting mechanical energy into internal energy provided by the invention has simple structure and convenient operation. The invention is mainly formed by an operation unit and a temperature monitoring unit; the operation unit is made of high intensity boronizing glasses and used for converting mechanical energy into internal energy, and the temperature monitoring unit is formed by a wheatstone bridge. During the experiment, when a piston (B) is pressed down to compress air in a compressing container (M1), a pointer of a galvanometer is greatly deflected clockwise rightwards (it means that temperature is lifted); as a result, the piston (B) does work on the air in the compressing container (M1), so that the internal energy of the air in the compressing container (M1) is increased and the temperature is lifted; on the other hand, when the piston (B) is outwards pulled, the air is expanded; as a result, the internal energy of the air in the compressing container (M1) is decreased and the temperature is lowered. The equipment provided by the invention can be used for finishing a demonstrative experiment of converting the mechanical energy into the internal energy conveniently, and improving the effect of experimental teaching.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to physics teaching experiment device technique field, can experiment device for teaching in particularly mechanical energy is converted into.
Background technology
Mechanical energy converts interior ability into, interiorly can convert the important and indispensable content of ten minutes that mechanical energy is physics teaching in secondary school into.In traditional physics teaching, the conventional method of this experiment is: the cotton ball that will dip in ether is put into cylinder, and right to the gas acting, the cylinder interior gas temperature raises, and reaches the burning-point of ether with using Piston Compression cylinder interior gas, and cotton ball will burn.Though experiment represented more intuitively mechanical energy convert in can process, experimentation is too complicated, and the consumption of ether more bad grasp, consumption very little, observation of students is less than tangible flame, the demonstration DeGrain; The too many danger that then increases experiment of consumption.Can experiment device for teaching in mechanical energy is converted into simple in structure, easy-to-operate, effect are obvious, are convenient to demonstration and observe, and can improve the effect of experimental teaching greatly.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provide a kind of mechanical energy be converted in can experiment device for teaching, this apparatus structure is simple, easy-to-operate, effect are obvious, can improve the effect of experimental teaching greatly.
The present invention mainly by one with high strength boronation glass be can operating unit in " L " type tool that material is processed can be converted into and one constitute by this temperature monitoring unit that can electric bridge constitutes of favour.In the cylinder that the diameter of ability operating unit was bigger in tool can be converted into the inflation piston is installed, can be through taking out the air pressure of pressing piston to reduce or increase " L " type internal tank.The thermistor (Rt) of a 20K Ω is installed in the less cylinder of diameter, and temperature detection output terminal (N1, N2) passes " L " type container (M1) through two leads outer wall is connected with thermistor (Rt) two ends.Resistance (R1, R2), potentiometer (R3), galvanometer (G), direct supply P1 form the temperature monitoring unit.When the resistance of the thermistor (Rt) that X1, X2 connected in the electric bridge changes, bigger swing will take place in galvanometric pointer.Because thermistor (Rt) places " L " type container (M1) inside; When (M1) internal gas changes because of the pressure change occurrence temperature; Bigger variation will take place in the resistance of thermistor (Rt), and bigger swing will take place galvanometric pointer, indicate variation of temperature in the container whereby synchronously.
Firmly depress piston (B) during experiment, compression container (M1) inner air finds that galvanometric pointer is by big deflection takes place clockwise to the right; Firmly be pulled outwardly piston (B) and make air expansion, the pointer backswing of reometer.This shows depresses piston (B), and piston (B) can increase temperature and raise the acting of container (M1) inner air in container (M1) inner air; Firmly be pulled outwardly piston (B) and make air expansion, (M1) inner air is to piston (B) acting, and the interior temperature that can reduce reduces.Utilize the completion mechanical energy that this device can be simple and convenient to be converted into the lecture experiment of interior ability and can to improve the effect of experimental teaching greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is converted into interior ability operating unit synoptic diagram for the mechanical energy of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the temperature monitoring unit internal circuit diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is done further detailed description.
Like Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 2, the present invention mainly by one with high strength boronation glass be can operating unit in mechanical energy that material is processed is converted into and one constitute by this temperature monitoring unit that can electric bridge constitutes of favour.
M1 is to be " L " type container that is made up of the different cylinders that connect each other of two diameters that material is processed with high strength boronation glass among Fig. 1, and the diameter of large cylinder is about 5cm, the high 15cm of cylinder, and little drum diameter is about 2cm, the long 10cm of cylinder.Inflation piston (B) is installed in the bigger cylinder of diameter, can presses piston (B) to improve the air pressure that reduces or increase container (M1) inside through taking out.The thermistor (Rt) of a 20K Ω is installed in the less cylinder of diameter, and temperature detection output terminal (N1, N2) passes " L " type container (M1) through two leads outer wall is connected with thermistor (Rt) two ends.But S1 be one can switch drain tap.
Among Fig. 2; The thermistor (Rt) that resistance (R1, R2), potentiometer (R3), galvanometer (G), power switch (k1) direct supply (P1) and X1, X2 end connect is formed a Wheatstone bridge; Be encapsulated in the plastic casing; Constitute the temperature monitoring unit, be used for monitoring " L " type container (M1) internal temperature and change.R3 is a 100K Ω potentiometer, the static registration that is used for regulating galvanometer (G).When the resistance of the thermistor (Rt) that X1, X2 connected in the electric bridge changes, bigger swing will take place in the pointer of galvanometer (G).Because thermistor (Rt) places " L " type container (M1) inside; When (M1) internal gas changes because of the pressure change occurrence temperature, bigger variation will take place in the resistance of thermistor (Rt), and bigger swing will take place the pointer of galvanometer (G) (presses the direction of current in the present embodiment; Resistance can become big when thermistor Rt temperature raises; And when thermistor Rt resistance raise, galvanometric pointer was whereby synchronously indicated container in variation of temperature by big deflection takes place clockwise to the right).
During experiment; The detection input end (X1, X2) of temperature monitoring unit is connected respectively to the temperature that mechanical energy can demonstration unit in being converted into to be surveyed on the output terminal (N1, N2); Open then and close drain tap (S1) again after drain tap (S1) is mentioned piston (B); Powered-down switch (K1) is regulated (R3) and is made the static registration of galvanometer (G) point to " 0 ".Then, firmly depress piston (B), compression container (M1) inner air; Piston (B) does work to container (M1) inner air; Can increase temperature in container (M1) inner air and raise, the resistance of thermistor (Rt) raises Yin Wendu and increases rapidly, and the balance of Wheatstone bridge is broken; Galvanometric pointer will show that temperature raises in the container by bigger swing takes place clockwise to the right; Make air expansion if firmly be pulled outwardly piston (B); (M1) inner air does work to piston (B); The interior temperature that can reduce reduces, and the resistance of thermistor (Rt) reduces Yin Wendu and diminishes rapidly, and the balance of Wheatstone bridge is broken; Galvanometric pointer will show that temperature reduces in the container by bigger swing takes place counterclockwise left.Utilize this device can make the more directly perceived vivid observation of student and understand mechanical energy to be converted into interior ability phenomenon, improve the success ratio of experiment and the effect of experimental teaching greatly.
This apparatus structure is simple, easy to operate, effect obviously is convenient to demonstration and observation, can improve the effect of experimental teaching greatly.
Thermistor in the present embodiment (Rt) select for use temperature coefficient higher have positive temperature coefficient (PTC) (PTC) type, rated voltage is the 20K Ω thermistor of 6V; R1, R2 select the carbon resister of 20K Ω for use, and potentiometer (R3) is the small-sized potentiometer of 100K Ω, and galvanometer (G) is selected AC15 type direct current reflecting type galvanometer for use; Direct supply is selected the 6V direct supply for use, and available four joint AA batteries are composed in series.Other element does not have specific (special) requirements.
Claims (1)
1. ability experiment device for teaching in a mechanical energy is converted into; Comprise that a mechanical energy is converted into interior ability operating unit and a temperature monitoring unit; It is characterized in that main body that mechanical energy can operating unit in being converted into is that different what connect each other is " L " type container that the cylinder of material constitutes with high strength boronation glass by two diameters; Inflation piston (B) is installed in the bigger cylinder of diameter; In the less cylinder of diameter a thermistor (Rt) is installed; Temperature detection output terminal (N1, N2) passes " L " type container (M1) through two leads outer wall is connected with thermistor (Rt) two ends, and resistance (R1, R2), potentiometer (R3), galvanometer (G), direct supply (P1) are formed the temperature monitoring unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105082620A CN102446438A (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Teaching experimental equipment for converting mechanical energy into internal energy |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105082620A CN102446438A (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Teaching experimental equipment for converting mechanical energy into internal energy |
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| CN102446438A true CN102446438A (en) | 2012-05-09 |
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| CN2010105082620A Pending CN102446438A (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Teaching experimental equipment for converting mechanical energy into internal energy |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2603985Y (en) * | 2003-01-12 | 2004-02-18 | 田荣华 | Body internal energy variation demonstrator |
| CN2891159Y (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-04-18 | 王登峰 | Demonstrator for internal energy reduction of gas action |
| KR20070066811A (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-06-27 | 최원석 | The energy conversion test system which it follows in rubbing |
| CN201130454Y (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2008-10-08 | 陈光皓 | Air work demonstration instrument |
| CN201812407U (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-04-27 | 柳延东 | Teaching experiment device for converting mechanical energy into internal energy |
-
2010
- 2010-10-15 CN CN2010105082620A patent/CN102446438A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2603985Y (en) * | 2003-01-12 | 2004-02-18 | 田荣华 | Body internal energy variation demonstrator |
| KR20070066811A (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-06-27 | 최원석 | The energy conversion test system which it follows in rubbing |
| CN2891159Y (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-04-18 | 王登峰 | Demonstrator for internal energy reduction of gas action |
| CN201130454Y (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2008-10-08 | 陈光皓 | Air work demonstration instrument |
| CN201812407U (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-04-27 | 柳延东 | Teaching experiment device for converting mechanical energy into internal energy |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 人民教育出版社物理研究室、中国教育学会物理教学研究会: "《义务教育三年制/四年制初级中学物理第二册（试验本）实验参考书》", 31 December 1991 * |
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Application publication date: 20120509 |