CN102445055A - Method for drying traditional Chinese medicine materials in mixing mode through microwave vacuum and hot air - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for drying traditional Chinese medicine materials in mixing mode through microwave vacuum and hot air comprises placing the traditional Chinese medicine materials in a microwave vacuum drying stove, drying the traditional Chinese medicine materials for 3 to 5 minutes under the condition that the vacuum ranges from 0.07Mpa to 0.09Mpa and the unit microwave power ranges from 3W to 5W, delivering the traditional Chinese medicine materials into a hot air dryer, drying the traditional Chinese medicine materials for 1 to 3 hours under the temperature ranging from 70 DEG C to 90 DEG C, and finally delivering the traditional Chinese medicine materials to the microwave vacuum drying stove again for drying under the condition of the first step till the end. The method adopts mixing of the microwave vacuum drying and the hot air drying, enables the internal structure of the traditional Chinese medicine materials to achieve the effect of swelling, loosening and cracking, improves exudation ratio of decoction of liquid medicine and shortens decoction time without damaging contents of the traditional Chinese medicine materials. Further the method can keep intrinsic body integrity of the traditional Chinese medicine materials, reduces contractibility rate of the traditional Chinese medicine materials, accelerates rehydration of the traditional Chinese medicine materials, improves product quality and reduces energy consumption.

Description

The method of a kind of microwave vacuum and hot blast combination drying Chinese medicine

Technical field

The present invention relates to the drying means of Chinese medicine, the method for a kind of specifically microwave vacuum and hot blast combination drying Chinese medicine.

Background technology

The research of China's centering medicinal material drying method has had very long history; As far back as 1-2 about century in Christian era; Existing record in the existing Chinese medicine monograph " legendary god of farming hundred grass through " the earliest of China to relevant dry aspects such as Chinese medicines " dry in the shade, expose to the sun dried, adopt and make time, not familiar soil and go out "; This is most economical method, and cost is lower.But have many technologic problems, long like drying time, active ingredient is destroyed big, runs into rainy weather and goes rotten easily, goes bad, and is prone to by shortcomings such as dust, fly, mouse pollutions.The modern heated-air drying that adopts, production cost is lower, therefore widely adopt, but loss of effective components is bigger, even serious quality decay is arranged more.

Micro-wave vacuum (microwave vacuum drying; MV) as a high-new dry technology of modern times, the advantage of comprehensive microwave and two technology of vacuum drying, microwave is that vacuum drying provides thermal source; Overcome the slow shortcoming of the conventional conduction velocity of vacuum state; Vacuum makes material carry out drying at a lower temperature again, can keep original color, smell and taste of material and nutritional labeling preferably, homogeneous heating, pollution-free and be easy to control; Thereby be easy to realize the environmental protection production of continuous and automatic, shrinkage factor is big, rehydration speed waits shortcoming more slowly but micro-wave vacuum exists.

(hot air drying AD), is a kind of traditional dry technology to heated-air drying, and with its low production cost, little shrinkage factor and fast rehydration speed are occupied main status in the dry field of Chinese medicine.Yet; Heated-air drying is that ecto-entad heats Chinese medicine gradually; Must set up and keep certain temperature difference could guarantee moisture diffusion mobility from inside to outside, so its hot blast temperature is the principal element that influences heated-air drying speed, but has serious defective simultaneously: baking temperature be higher; Drying time is long; The quality of product such as thermal sensitivity nutritional labeling have certain loss, are prone to mass defects such as surface crust be full of cracks, fat oxidation, surface discolouration, thereby influence product quality homogeneity and storability.

In sum, at present, heated-air drying is because of its lower production cost, little shrinkage factor and fast reconstitution rate and widely use in the Chinese medicine field, but its loss of effective components is bigger, even serious quality decay is arranged.Micro-wave vacuum speed is very fast, and dry Chinese medicine has good aesthetic quality and very strong anti-percentage of damage, but utilizes the Chinese medicine of micro-wave vacuum to have that shrinkage factor is big, the slow characteristics of rehydration speed merely.Because Chinese herbal medicine belongs to heat sensitive material, loss of effective components is serious in the dry run, in order to overcome simple microwave vacuum and the existing deficiency of heated-air drying Chinese medicine; Give full play to microwave vacuum and heated-air drying advantage separately, can MV and AD be combined, carry out stage drying; Promptly use the MV dried material early stage, product is fine and close in the institutional framework of MV dryer section gained Chinese herbal medicine, and anti-breaking capacity is strong; Reconstitution rate is low, and quality is good, utilizes the AD dried material again; AD dryer section gained Chinese herbal medicine institutional framework is loose, and reconstitution rate improves, and utilizes MV to be dried to required moisture content at last.Stage drying gained Chinese herbal medicine has the institutional framework of good organoleptic quality (color and luster is light yellow, seamless surface crack, shape remain intact etc.) and moderate compactness extent like this.

With regard to the patent of domestic relevant Chinese herbal medicine product processing aspect, Liu Xuesong has invented a kind of preparation method (Chinese invention patent, application number: 201010514049.0) of adhesive rehmannia leaf total glycoside extract dry product; Adopt microwave dryer; Under vacuum condition, glutinous rehmannia medicinal extract is carried out drying, whole drying time is short, and the dry thing of gained is the medium of porous nickel; Have advantages such as lighter color, moisture be low, but poorly soluble.Zhou Minggan has invented a kind of Chinese medicine microwave vacuum processing method (Chinese invention patent; Application number: 201010504383.8); With Chinese medicine put in the micro-wave vacuum stove heating expand to reach the medicinal material internal structure, soft, the effect of fracture is not destroyed the composition of Chinese medicine; Simultaneously can also keep the original body integrality of medicinal material, but production cost is high.

Summary of the invention

For solve the problem that above-mentioned Chinese medicine runs in drying, the invention provides the method for a kind of microwave vacuum and hot blast combination drying Chinese medicine.

The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme of employing to be: the method for a kind of microwave vacuum and hot blast combination drying Chinese medicine comprises following steps:

1) choose Chinese medicine, wash then, cut into slices, drain, subsequent use;

2) Chinese medicine after draining in the step 1 is sent in the micro-wave vacuum stove; In vacuum is under the condition of 0.07-0.09 MPa, carries out microwave drying by the microwave power of every gram thing 3-5 to be dried W, and be 3-5 min drying time; Take out, naturally cool to 20 ℃ then, subsequent use;

3) Chinese medicine in the step 2 being sent in the air drier, is under 70-90 ℃ the condition at hot blast temperature, dry 1-3 hour, take out, naturally cool to 20 ℃, and subsequent use;

4) Chinese medicine in the step 3 being sent in the micro-wave vacuum stove once more, is under the condition of 0.07-0.09 MPa in vacuum, carries out microwave drying until end by the microwave power of every gram thing 3-5 to be dried W.

The present invention, drying in the step 4 finishes to be meant Chinese medicine is dried to and is suitable for the moisture content that himself stores.

The present invention puts into Chinese medicine in the micro-wave vacuum stove, and Chinese medicine is in moisture state, and drying oven is in vacuum state; Temperature is controlled at 70 ℃-200 ℃, and when being dried to certain moisture, material can keep this bone fixation shelf structure preferably; Utilize the hot-air of low energy consumption to be medium then, heat is passed to material, be used to the moisture of vaporizing; The migration of high temperature and moisture, solable matter when avoiding heated-air drying as much as possible and cause the defective such as serious shrinkage and brown stain of product; Last micro-wave vacuum, treat that Chinese medicine parches expansion after, close microwave, put into air.

Beneficial effect: the present invention adopts the new combined drying pattern of microwave vacuum+hot blast+microwave vacuum, confirms combined drying moisture content transfer point to various different Chinese medicine tests, confirms the method for suitable stage drying technology again.Microwave vacuum heating makes the medicinal material internal structure reach the effect of expansions, soft, fracture, improves leaching rate that soup decocts and shortens the time that decocts, and does not destroy the composition of Chinese medicine, and the while can also keep the original body integrality of medicinal material; Heated-air drying not only cuts down the consumption of energy, and can reduce the shrinkage factor and the rehydration speed of accelerating Chinese medicine of Chinese medicine; Therefore, the two associating has not only improved product quality but also has cut down the consumption of energy.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further.

Embodiment 1: glutinous rehmannia is drying

At first clean glutinous rehmannia, the glutinous rehmannia after will cleaning is again put into the micro-wave vacuum stove, be respectively under the condition of 3 W/g and 0.09 MPa at unit microwave power and vacuum, and micro-wave vacuum 5 min, the glutinous rehmannia water content reduces to 5.74%; Heated-air drying 90 min under 70 ℃ condition then, the glutinous rehmannia water content reduces to 3.66%; Be respectively at last that micro-wave vacuum to glutinous rehmannia water content is 2.76% under the condition of 3 W/g and 0.09 MPa in unit microwave power and vacuum.Then, vacuum packaging, lucifuge storage

Embodiment 2: the Radix Astragali is drying

At first to the Radix Astragali clean, cutting, big gun process; Then Radix Astragali section is put in the micro-wave vacuum stove; Be respectively under the condition of 4 W/g and 0.08 MPa at unit microwave power and vacuum, micro-wave vacuum 3 min, the water content of Radix Astragali section reduces to 4.65%; Be heated-air drying 120 min under 75 ℃ the condition in temperature then, Radix Astragali section water content reduces to 3.46%; Be respectively under the condition of 4 W/g and 0.08 MPa at unit microwave power and vacuum at last, micro-wave vacuum to Radix Astragali section water content is 2.31 ﹪.Then, vacuum packaging, lucifuge storage.

Embodiment 3: antelope's horn is drying

At first soak antelope's horn, the antelope's horn that will soak is again put in the micro-wave vacuum stove, be respectively under the condition of 5 W/g and 0.07 MPa at unit microwave power and vacuum, and micro-wave vacuum 4 min, the antelope's horn water yield reduces to 6.75%; Be heated-air drying 150 min under 80 ℃ the condition in temperature then, the glutinous rehmannia water content reduces to 4.76%; Be respectively under the condition of 5 W/g and 0.07 MPa at unit microwave power and vacuum at last, micro-wave vacuum to glutinous rehmannia water content is 2.94%.Then, vacuum packaging, lucifuge storage.

W/g described in the embodiment representes, the microwave power of every gram thing to be dried.

Claims (1)

1. the method for microwave vacuum and hot blast combination drying Chinese medicine is characterized in that, comprises following steps:

1) choose Chinese medicine, wash then, cut into slices, drain, subsequent use;

2) Chinese medicine after draining in the step 1 is sent in the micro-wave vacuum stove; In vacuum is under the condition of 0.07-0.09 MPa, carries out microwave drying by the microwave power of every gram thing 3-5 to be dried W, and be 3-5 min drying time; Take out, naturally cool to 20 ℃ then, subsequent use;

3) Chinese medicine in the step 2 being sent in the air drier, is under 70-90 ℃ the condition at hot blast temperature, dry 1-3 hour, take out, naturally cool to 20 ℃, and subsequent use;

4) Chinese medicine in the step 3 being sent in the micro-wave vacuum stove once more, is under the condition of 0.07-0.09 MPa in vacuum, carries out microwave drying until end by the microwave power of every gram thing 3-5 to be dried W.