CN1024342C - Manufacturing method of composite annual fiber cement panel - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of composite annual fiber cement panel Download PDFInfo
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- CN1024342C CN1024342C CN92104363A CN92104363A CN1024342C CN 1024342 C CN1024342 C CN 1024342C CN 92104363 A CN92104363 A CN 92104363A CN 92104363 A CN92104363 A CN 92104363A CN 1024342 C CN1024342 C CN 1024342C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an annual plant fiber and cement composite board. Plant fibers, particularly annual plant fibers, are used as reinforcing material, and cement is used as adhesive. The anticoagulation function of various precipitates to the cement is overcome by the wrapping treatment of the plant fibers, and the formation is obtained by pressing operation. The material has the advantages of moderate strength, heat insulation, sound insulation, heat resistance, water resistance, corrosion resistance and bug resistance. The material can be used for mechanical processing, such as nailing, sawing, screwing wood screws, etc., and can be used for the decoration of various surfaces. The method of the present invention can be widely used for construction industry and mining industry.
Description
The invention belongs to building material manufacture field, relate to improvement the composite plant fiber-cement board production method, be applicable to the higher vegetable fibre of anti-coagulating action substances content particularly the fiber of yearly plant make cement composite board.Content of the present invention is to the subsequent application of applicant in the CN88105291.4-4 patent application of proposition on June 23rd, 1988.
Use vegetable fibre and particle thereof and cement mixing to make sheet material and history decades has been arranged at home and abroad through press molding.That realizes suitability for industrialized production up to now all is to use wood fibre, i.e. perennial plant fiber.For example the production of cement-bonded wood chipboard is existing more than 50 year, uses the wood shavings, particle, sawdust etc. of timber be that raw material, product have the two-fold advantage of wooden flake board and cement plate concurrently, so be much national attentions, is once developing very fast.But development slowed down gradually in the last few years, and major cause is: the first, for the countries and regions of wood raw material shortage, the development of this series products is restricted.The second, be not that all timber all is applicable to the manufacturing cement-bonded wood chipboard, in fact only have the minority seeds to be suitable for making cement composite board, its reason is that hemicellulose, starch and other extracts (PH is more than or equal to the 12) hydrolyzable in the basic solution that cement forms in the xylon produces the intensive anticoagulation for sugar to cement.For silicate cement, when the concentration of sugar only in several ten thousand/time of cement weight, can produce tangible retarding effect, and the sugar of 1% cement weight will make cement almost completely stop to solidify.The way that solves has following two kinds: the one, and selecting some to contain the less seeds of anti-coagulating action material is raw material, and for example muriate, nitrate etc. mainly adopt this method at present to reduce the effect of xylon anti-coagulating action precipitate in the industrial production to add an amount of mineralizer.The seeds that are suitable for have Chinese juniper, arbor-vitae, fir, dragon spruce, Chinese toon, willow etc., and mineralizer commonly used has calcium chloride, magnesium chloride etc.The shortcoming of this method is that available wood raw material range of choice is little, and the mineralization of mineralizer is limited, and its addition increases substantially production cost when too much.The second method that solves xylon precipitate anti-coagulating action problem is got rid of in advance to the anti-coagulating action composition in the fiber, for example U.S. Patent application US2504579 proposes to use with ammonia or ammonia treatment xylon the method for water rinse again, because expensive, the high pollution of this method in fact can't be used in industrialization.Replace silicate cement as for the activator activatory fine grinding hydraulicity blast-furnace slag that uses that proposes among the Chinese patent application CN85108058A as binding agent by the alkalescence effect, promptly change binding agent, the product that this method is produced has been not a cement composite board.Above-described all is the perennial plant fiber, and for yearly plant, its anti-coagulating action component content for silicate cement is higher several times to tens times than perennial plant, and therefore above-mentioned two kinds of methods are all inapplicable to this fibrid.Since the wooden shavings plate came out nearly 60 years, composite annual fiber cement panel did not find the proper method that drops into suitability for industrialized production with the acceptable cost so far, is still the difficult problem that various countries are devoted to research and solve at present.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that overcomes the precipitate of vegetable fibre to the production cement composite board of the anticoagulation of cement with new method, particularly provide a kind of with the yearly plant be raw material make cementitious composite sheet material, technology is easy, with low cost, the novel method being convenient to promote.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of with the higher vegetable fibre of anti-coagulating action substances content particularly annual fiber be strongthener, with the silicate cement is the preparation method of the composite plant fiber-cement board of matrix material, its technological process comprise to the Mechanical Crushing of plant material and screening process and to the making sheet raw material that mixes mat formation, precompressed, compacting, oven dry, each operation of aftertreatment, it is characterized in that
(1) mixing of making sheet raw material is finished by twice stirring, stir certain hour jointly putting into stirrer when stirring for the first time through the vegetable fibre that meets the certain size requirement after broken, the screening and an amount of calcium oxide pulvis, an amount of calcium chloride and water, in stirrer, add an amount of cement when stirring for the second time and stir the back for the first time and stirred by the vegetable fibre that the thick liquid that comprises oxychlorination calcium that the aqueous solution generated by calcium oxide and calcium chloride soaks into parcel
(2) in the said process, the weight of used each component determines that with following method the weight of vegetable fibre is 20～35% of dry plate weight; Vegetable fibre is 0.3～0.5 to the weight ratio of cement; Calcium oxide is 0.4～0.6 to the weight ratio of vegetable fibre; Calcium chloride is 0.3～0.5 to the weight ratio of calcium oxide; The total amount of institute's water is pressed following formula and is determined: W=K(C+L)+(P-M) F
In the formula: W is the gross weight (kilogram) of the water of required adding; K is for pressing the coefficient that sheet material thickness is determined, its span is 0.33～0.36; C is the weight (kilogram) of used cement; L is the weight (kilogram) of used calcium oxide; P is for pressing the coefficient that the vegetable fibre kind is determined, span is 0.3～0.45; M is the water capacity (percentage ratio) of vegetable fibre; F is the weight (kilogram) of used vegetable fibre.
The present invention adopts and the distinct new approach of prior art when solving this problem of anticoagulation of vegetable fibre precipitate, promptly manages a vegetable fibre and cement and keeps apart, and precipitate is significantly reduced and is difficult to influence condensing of cement.When vegetable fibre being mixed stirring with calcium oxide, calcium chloride and water, calcium oxide and calcium chloride can generate the liquid that heavy-gravity comprises oxychlorination calcium, they soak into parcel to vegetable fibre, stopped up the cell vestibule of vegetable fibre, also made the anti-coagulating action composition in the fiber be difficult to separate out and reduce activity simultaneously.During again with the cement mix, vegetable fibre is difficult to directly contact with alkaline liquid, thereby has significantly reduced the wherein quantity of hydrolysis such as starch, hemicellulose saccharogenesis, thereby has suppressed the performance of its anticoagulation through the vegetable fibre of this processing.This method does not need to get rid of in advance any composition of vegetable fibre, does not need to use a large amount of mineralizers yet, and mainly by isolating or be called the parcel processing anticoagulation of vegetable fibre is effectively suppressed.
Because the contained anti-coagulating action substances content of annual fiber is much larger than perennial plant, thus the present invention be present unique can be with the method for low cost suitability for industrialized production composite annual fiber cement panel.The vegetable fibre that is adopted is to be that raw material is obtained with yearly plant as described below: waste of flax, cotton stalk, corn stalk (core), sunflower pole (dish, shell), tobacco rod, straw, reed, cogongrass bar, bagasse, melon seedling, straw (shell), Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, hards, paddy bar, kaoliang stalk, beans bar, kapok bits, Exocarpium cocois (Cocos nucifera L) etc.
Major advantage of the present invention is: widened the scope of raw material sources the first, greatly, not only various timber tankage can adopt, and particularly can adopt for example waste of farm crop of annual each kind of plant, turn waste into wealth, and reduce raw materials cost.The second, technology is easy, and production cost is low.Three, good product performance.This timber intensity is moderate, and insulation, sound insulation, heat-resisting, water-fast, wear-resisting, anti-worm can be followed closely, saw, dig, twist wood screw and other mechanical workout, and can carry out various surface decorations.
Below the invention will be further described and provide embodiment.Yearly plant as raw material need reach suitable form through Mechanical Crushing and screening, and its thickness is 0.5～1.5 millimeter, and length is 1～30 millimeter, and width is 0.2～5 millimeter.When screening, the part that obviously rots should be rejected.The good fiber of screening should wrap up processing in a kind of mucus that contains oxychlorination calcium, this mucus is stirred by the aqueous solution of calcium oxide and calcium chloride and forms.Can produce the activity that mineralization reduces the anti-coagulating action composition on the one hand when vegetable fibre stirs in above-mentioned solution, main is wrapped up by mucus plugging.Envrionment temperature should be more than 5 ℃ during stirring.The long-acting more fruit of time that stirs is good more, finds in the experiment, generally stirs and can satisfy production requirement in 4～8 minutes.In stirrer, add cement after stirring for the first time again and continue to stir, generally can stir 4～6 minutes.In mixing stirring, the quantity of the water of adding can produce bigger influence to the quality of sheet material, therefore will be controlled.Through testing the experimental formula W=K(C+L that draws)+(P-M) F is the formula that calculates water consumption.Wherein COEFFICIENT K is determined according to the finished product sheet metal thickness that makes.The inventive method can be made the sheet material of 6～80 mm thick, and usual thickness is 6～22 millimeters.When thickness of slab δ=6～12 millimeter, get K=0.36; During δ=40～80 millimeter, get K=0.33; During δ=12～40 millimeter, K gets intermediate value.FACTOR P is determined according to the vegetable fibre kind.For soft material for example cork or waste of flax class, P gets 0.45; For mechanically resistant material for example hardwood or Exocarpium cocois (Cocos nucifera L) class, P gets 0.3; Other materials P gets intermediate value.After finishing, the hybrid working of making sheet raw material just can begin the operation of pressing plate.Technology henceforth and prior art there is no the difference of essence, they comprise mat formation, precompressed, compacting, oven dry and aftertreatment.Mat formation and to adopt airflow pavement or machinery to mat formation, make the slab compacting have enough intensity so that carry out the slab transportation through precompressed.The general employing of compacting colded pressing, and adopts the compacting of single drylight presses normal temperature, and pressure is 16～35Kg/cm
2, pressurize 10～20 minutes.
In order to improve the early strength of sheet material, can in raw material, add hardening accelerator for example Tai-Ace S 150, gypsum etc., add-on is 2～5% of a cement weight, adds when stirring for the second time.Requirement according to the different purposes of sheet material can also add a spot of tackiness agent when stirring for the second time, for example water glass, Precondensed UreaFormaldehyde Resin, resol, trimeric cyanamide, emulsification polyester, Resins, epoxy, synthetic resin emulsion etc., its weight is 2～8% of vegetable fibre weight.Cement composite board for the admixture tackiness agent can adopt hot pressing, and can produce 6 millimeters sheet material this moment.Pressure is 30～50Kg/cm
2, pressurize 6～20 minutes.Hot pressed temperature is decided on the character of tackiness agent, sees the following form:
Tackiness agent kind hot pressing temperature
120～130 ℃ of trimeric cyanamides
120～150 ℃ of Precondensed UreaFormaldehyde Resins
150～170 ℃ in resol
70～100 ℃ of emulsification polyester or Resins, epoxy
Sheet material after repressed is sent into cellar for storing things formula drying room, dries 6～12 hours under 70～90 ℃ of temperature, and composition board is tentatively hardened, and normal temperature was stacked 15～28 days then, aftertreatment such as cuts out again.
Embodiment 1:
1.4 kilograms of the corn stalks that fragmentation is screened; 0.23 kilogram in calcium chloride; 0.6 kilogram of calcium lime powder; water was put into the common stir about of stirrer 5 minutes for 1.6 kilograms; add 3 kilograms of silicate cements then, 0.226 kilogram of water glass (containing 0.026 kilogram of sodium fluoride hardener), restir was shut down in 4 minutes; pour out the blank of mating formation into 48 * 48 * 3cm, after the precompressed at pressure 32Kfg/cm
2In time, suppressed 15 minutes, takes out and put into baking oven 70～80 ℃ of environment bakings 6 hours, removes under the mould normal temperature and placed 28 days, and recording unit weight behind the jagsaw limit is 1220Kg/m
3, MOR 9.6MPa, thickness swelling 1.2%, moisture 7.3%, through-18 ℃ of 18 freeze thawing, the residue MOR is 7.5MPa.
Embodiment 2:
2 kilograms of the wastes of flax that processes, 0.9 kilogram in calcium oxide, 0.28 kilogram in calcium chloride, 2 kilograms in water is common to be stirred 4 minutes, added 3 kilograms of No. 425 silicate cements again, stirred 5 minutes, mated formation into the slab of 48 * 48 * 8cm, after the precompressed, was 25Kg/cm at pressure
2Following normal temperature compacting 15 minutes, the baking demoulding in 6 hours in 70～90 ℃ drying room, ambient cure 28 days makes the sheet material of 48 * 48 * 1.9cm, and its unit weight is 1180Kg/m
3, 35 ℃ of warm water soaking after 4 hours thickness swelling be 2.3%, static bending intensity average out to 11MPa, hammers into 14 millimeters of the degree of depth at 2 millimeters of nail pulling power 43.8Kg(nail diameter), tensile strength is 6.6MPa, ultimate compression strength is 7.5～10MPa.
Under many circumstances, can replace calcium oxide with calcium hydroxide, its consumption is identical or slightly more when using calcium oxide.Although use the effect of calcium oxide to be better than calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide is easy to deliquescence and generates calcium hydroxide, therefore uses calcium hydroxide that realistic meaning is arranged when scale operation.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of with the higher vegetable fibre of anti-coagulating action substances content particularly annual fiber be strongthener, with the silicate cement is the preparation method of the composite plant fiber-cement board of matrix material, its technological process comprise to the Mechanical Crushing of plant material and screening process and to the making sheet raw material that mixes mat formation, precompressed, compacting, oven dry, each operation of aftertreatment, it is characterized in that
(1) mixing of making sheet raw material is finished by twice stirring, stir certain hour jointly putting into stirrer when stirring for the first time through the vegetable fibre that meets the certain size requirement after broken, the screening and an amount of calcium oxide pulvis, an amount of calcium chloride and water, in stirrer, add an amount of cement when stirring for the second time and stir the back for the first time and stirred by the vegetable fibre that the thick liquid that comprises oxychlorination calcium that the aqueous solution generated by calcium oxide and calcium chloride soaks into parcel
(2) in the said process, the weight of each used component determines that with following method the weight of vegetable fibre is 20～35% of dry plate weight; Vegetable fibre is 0.3～0.5 to the weight ratio of cement; Calcium oxide is 0.4～0.6 to the weight ratio of vegetable fibre; Calcium chloride is 0.3～0.5 to the weight ratio of calcium oxide; The total amount of institute's water is pressed following formula and is determined: W=K (C+L)+(P-M) F
In the formula: W is the gross weight of the water of required adding; K is for pressing the coefficient that sheet material thickness is determined, its span is 0.33～0.36; C is the weight of used cement; L is the weight of used calcium oxide; P is for pressing the coefficient that the vegetable fibre kind is determined, span is 0.3～0.45; M is the water capacity (percentage ratio) of vegetable fibre; F is the weight of used vegetable fibre, W wherein, and C, L and F get identical weight unit.
2, preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the vegetable fibre that is adopted is to be that raw material is obtained with yearly plant as described below: waste of flax, cotton stalk, corn stalk (core), sunflower pole (dish, shell), tobacco rod, straw, reed, cogongrass bar, bagasse, melon seedling, straw (shell), Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, hards, paddy bar, kaoliang stalk, beans bar, kapok bits, Exocarpium cocois (Cocos nucifera L).
3, preparation method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the time of stirring is 4～8 minutes for the first time, and the time of stirring is 4～6 minutes for the second time.
4, preparation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, can add a small amount of tackiness agent by the sheet material purposes when stirring for the second time, and its weight is 2%～8% of vegetable fibre weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92104363A CN1024342C (en) | 1992-06-12 | 1992-06-12 | Manufacturing method of composite annual fiber cement panel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92104363A CN1024342C (en) | 1992-06-12 | 1992-06-12 | Manufacturing method of composite annual fiber cement panel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1066018A CN1066018A (en) | 1992-11-11 |
| CN1024342C true CN1024342C (en) | 1994-04-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN92104363A Expired - Fee Related CN1024342C (en) | 1992-06-12 | 1992-06-12 | Manufacturing method of composite annual fiber cement panel |
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| CN1099391C (en) * | 1999-01-19 | 2003-01-22 | 邹菁 | Hot-pressing production process of composite plant fiber-cement board |
| JP2004276315A (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2004-10-07 | Nichiha Corp | Extrusion-molded woody cement panel |
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| CN106007625A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-10-12 | 华国平 | Method for manufacturing environment-friendly fiber cement board for constructional engineering |
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1992
- 1992-06-12 CN CN92104363A patent/CN1024342C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1066018A (en) | 1992-11-11 |
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