CN102425706A - Conveying petroleum pipeline with solar photovoltaic power generation wall temperature increasing device - Google Patents
Conveying petroleum pipeline with solar photovoltaic power generation wall temperature increasing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102425706A CN102425706A CN2011103102164A CN201110310216A CN102425706A CN 102425706 A CN102425706 A CN 102425706A CN 2011103102164 A CN2011103102164 A CN 2011103102164A CN 201110310216 A CN201110310216 A CN 201110310216A CN 102425706 A CN102425706 A CN 102425706A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
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Abstract
The invention relates to a conveying petroleum pipeline with a solar photovoltaic power generation wall temperature increasing device, which belongs to the application technical field of new energy. Wall temperature increasing devices with a solar photovoltaic power generation function are installed on an oil conveying pipeline between two heating stations of the petroleum conveying pipeline at intervals. Solar batteries which are installed on a photovoltaic fixing device are radiated by sunshine to generate direct-current power, the direct-current power is inputted into a controller through a conductive wire to adjust, then the direct-current power is inputted into an inverter to be converted into alternative-current power, the alternative-current power which is outputted from the inverter is inputted into an electric heating temperature increasing sleeve, the electric energy inside the electric heating temperature increasing sleeve is transformed to heat energy, the heat energy is used for increasing the temperature of the oil conveying pipe wall and the ambient temperature on the periphery of the oil conveying pipe, the increment of the temperature of the oil conveying pipeline wall can maintain an appropriate oil conveying temperature of the crude oil inside the oil conveying pipe, the wax deposit on the inner wall of the oil conveying pipe can be reduced, and the crude oil after being extracted from an oil well of an oil field can be ensured to smoothly deliver to a refinery through the oil conveying pipeline.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of band solar energy power generating increases wall temperature device delivery petroleum pipeline, belongs to technical field of new energy application.
Background technique
Inventor's Miao TongChun of this patent is once in the ancestral petroleum Department of Industry, oil field, Jiangsu, Nanjing Refinery work 7 years, and peaceful oil transport pipeline was investigated heating station and oil transport pipeline to the Shandong.Comrade Deng was once pointed out: " oil field, Jiangsu produces one ton of crude oil, is equivalent to Xinjiang Oilfield and produces seven tons of crude oil." this be because the oil field, Jiangsu near Shanghai, developed area, southern Jiangsu; these developed areas consume petroleum many, transport the oil refinery of oil to Shanghai and Nanjing from Xinjiang Oilfield, and transportation range is long; big with the long-distance energy consumption of transporting oil of oil truck, the cost of transportation height.
The temperature of the crude oil that in oil transport pipeline, circulates is 50～58 ℃; Greater than the ambient temperature around the oil transport pipeline; Especially at the night of northern area and southern area, the low temperature in the oil transport pipeline surrounding environment can reduce the wall temperature of oil transport pipeline tube wall, and then is reduced in the crude oil temperature that circulates in the pipeline.When the crude oil temperature in the oil transport pipeline was lower than 50 ℃, the flow velocity of crude oil can reduce gradually, even stopped to flow.The oil worker is had many seats heating station separated by a distance in the centre of very long petroleum pipeline, heat with the outer wall of Electric heating appliance to oil transport pipeline, increases the crude oil temperature in the pipeline through improving wall temperature.Crude oil through heating circulates forward, owing to receive the influence that is lower than 50 ℃ ambient temperature around the oil transport pipeline, crude oil is cooling gradually in the process of circulation, during to next heating station, need heat the increase crude oil temperature again, could continue mobile forward.Experiment is found: the temperature and the crude oil temperature of oil transportation tube wall are more or less the same, and the wax that contains in the oil just is not easy on the transport pipe inwall, to generate the wax deposit layer.If the wax deposit bed thickness on the transport pipe inwall, the flow velocity of crude oil in oil transport pipeline will slow down.
Over nearly 5 years, China has become the big country that makes solar cell, and a large amount of solar cells also needs vast domestic demand except outlet, the supply Domestic market.The energy that is radiated at the sunlight on the oil transport pipeline never obtains good use, never is used to promote crude oil circulation freely in oil transport pipeline.
In the heating station midway of oil transport pipeline, all adopt Electric heating appliance that the tube wall of oil transport pipeline is heated, the electric energy that Electric heating appliance wherein all relies in the power supply network is used as the energy, and the coal electricity occupies the share of total electric weight 81% in the power supply network.Can give off a large amount of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide in the process of coal fired power generation, use a large amount of coal electricity supply Electric heating appliances that oil transport pipeline is heated, meeting weighting ring environment pollution is unfavorable for energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency; Adopt a kind of band solar energy power generating to increase wall temperature device delivery petroleum pipeline; Coming progressively to replace part or all of coal electricity with the clean energy resource solar energy power generating of not discharging carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide in the power generation process supplies power to heating equipment and improves the wall temperature of oil transport pipeline; In the oil transportation way, continue to promote the crude oil temperature in the oil transport pipeline through improving the oil transport pipeline wall temperature; Make crude oil smooth and easy flowing in oil transport pipeline, reduce the wax deposit layer on the inner-walls of duct simultaneously with suitable oil transportation temperature.Solar radiation solar cell 5 produces direct current; Direct current is through electric lead 7 input controllers 8; The direct current of slave controller 8 outputs is through electric lead 7 input inverters 9; Direct current converts Ac in inverter 9, imports electric heating from the Ac of inverter 9 outputs and heats cover 11, and electric energy converts heat energy in electric heating heats cover 11.Because electric heating heats cover and 11 is wrapped on the outer surface of oil transport pipeline 1, through the mode of transmission of heat by contact, heat is passed to the tube wall of oil transport pipeline 1, be used to promote the wall temperature of the tube wall of oil transport pipeline 1, further can improve the crude oil temperature in the oil transport pipeline 1.Fine day, the electric current of solar energy power generating can also be imported annular energy-storage battery 10 store electrical energy through electric lead, controller; At night or overcast and rainy, from 10 outputs of annular energy-storage battery, heat the electric current of cover 11 through controller 8, inverter 9 input electric heating, can be used for heat production and heat.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention realizes through following technological scheme:
Heat cover 11 by oil transport pipeline 1, mound 2, oil transport pipeline supporting frame 3, heating station 4, solar cell 5, photovoltaic fixing device 6, electric lead 7, controller 8, inverter 9, annular energy-storage battery 10, electric heating and form a kind of band solar energy power generating increase wall temperature device delivery petroleum pipeline jointly;
The bottom of photovoltaic fixing device 6, annular energy-storage battery 10 and electric heating heat cover and all are toroidal, are wrapped on the outer surface of oil transport pipeline 1, and solar cell 5, electric lead 7, controller 8, inverter 9 are installed in the top of oil transport pipeline 1.
Oil transport pipeline 1 is that pipe thickness is 200～750 millimeters a seamless steel pipe.
It is that common constant temperature electric heating heats cover that electric heating heats cover 11.
Annular energy-storage battery 10 is super capacitor lithium ion batteries.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation that increases wall temperature device delivery petroleum pipeline with the solar energy power generating of monocrystaline silicon solar cell;
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation that increases wall temperature device delivery petroleum pipeline with the solar energy power generating of flexible amorphous silicon film solar cell.
Embodiment
Following the present invention will combine the embodiment in the accompanying drawing to further describe:
On the oil transport pipeline between two heating stations of transfer oil pipeline, according to the increase wall temperature device of certain span mounting strap solar energy power generating.The solar cell that solar radiation is installed on the photovoltaic fixing device produces direct current; Direct current is adjusted, is then imported inverter and convert Ac to through the electric lead input controller; Heat cover from the Ac input electric heating of inverter output, electric energy converts heat energy in electric heating heats cover, and heat energy is used to increase the temperature of oil transportation tube wall and the ambient temperature around the transport pipe; The appropriateness of oil transport pipeline wall temperature promotes the suitable oil transportation temperature that helps keeping the crude oil in the transport pipe; Help reducing the wax deposit on the transport pipe inwall, after the crude oil of guaranteeing the recover petroleum gained is released from the oil well in oil field, through the smooth and easy oil refinery of transporting to of oil transport pipeline.
Heat cover 11 by oil transport pipeline 1, mound 2, oil transport pipeline supporting frame 3, heating station 4, solar cell 5, photovoltaic fixing device 6, electric lead 7, controller 8, inverter 9, annular energy-storage battery 10, electric heating and form a kind of band solar energy power generating increase wall temperature device delivery petroleum pipeline jointly;
The bottom of photovoltaic fixing device 6, annular energy-storage battery 10 and electric heating heat cover and all are toroidal, are wrapped on the outer surface of oil transport pipeline 1, and solar cell 5, electric lead 7, controller 8, inverter 9 are installed in the top of oil transport pipeline 1.
Oil transport pipeline 1 is that pipe thickness is 200～750 millimeters a seamless steel pipe.
It is that common constant temperature electric heating heats cover that electric heating heats cover 11.
Annular energy-storage battery 10 is super capacitor lithium ion batteries.
Over past ten years, because progress of science and technology, the photoelectric transformation efficiency of solar cell 5 significantly improves, and just makes the application of solar cell 5 have practical meaning.The photoelectric transformation efficiency of monocrystaline silicon solar cell has reached 19-20%; The photoelectric transformation efficiency of polysilicon solar cell has reached 16-17%; Be paved with solar module on the roof of the main venue of Beijing Olympic Games and the Chinese Pavilion of Shanghai World's Fair, supplied power by the photovoltaic stand alone generating system fully; All sewed on soft thin-film solar cells on the tent end face of septic yanks and on the garment surface of part U.S. army, solar radiation is on tent end face and garment surface, and flexible thin-film solar cell just can produce electric current, supplies power taking on the spot, electricity consumption.The Japan scientist adopts new technology path; Under lab made the photoelectric transformation efficiency of solar cell surpass 30%; China is produce single crystal silicon solar cell and polysilicon solar cell in a large number, also can make flexible amorphous silicon film solar cell and flexible copper indium gallium selenide thin-film solar cell, in homemade solar module product not only be used to export to the international market; Also be used to expand domestic demand, satisfy the supply of Domestic market.
The starting point of the oil transport pipeline of the long distances crude oil of China is that oil field, terminal point are oil refinerys, fed distance reaches hundreds of, thousands of kilometers, single tube year oil transportation amount at millions of tons between tens million of tons; As 1000 kilometers of peaceful oil transport pipeline length overalls in the Shandong of running through our Jiangsu; The oil of Shandong Shengli Oil Field and North China Oilfield exploitation through this pipeline, can directly be delivered to the oil port, Nanjing; For easy to detect with protect the fields; The major part of this oil transport pipeline set up on the ground with the river on overhead on, the oil transport pipeline giant dragon of this prostrate Hebei of the annual irradiation of sunlight, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu Si Sheng is had many seat heating stations and intermediate pump station in the centre of this oil transport pipeline; Be used for the crude oil of oil transport pipeline is heated midway, pressurizes, impel crude oil circulation smoothly in pipeline.Centre at these heating stations; Can on oil transport pipeline 1, segmentation be installed by the photovoltaic fixing device 6 that is fit to adopt the photovoltaic fixing device 6 of crystal silicon solar batteries 5 or is fit to adopt thin-film solar cells 5 fully; Crystal silicon solar batteries 5 (see figure 1)s or thin-film solar cells 5 (see figure 2)s are installed respectively on the photovoltaic fixing device 6 of these dispersions; The electric lead 7, controller 8, inverter 9, annular energy-storage battery 10, the electric heating that match with crystal silicon solar batteries 5 or thin-film solar cells 5 are installed are simultaneously heated cover 11; Make tens thousand of, hundreds thousand of the solar energy stand alone generating systems of installing on a thousand li oil transport pipeline 1 on oil transport pipeline 1, accept the irradiation of sunlight; And transform light energy become electric energy, then converts heat energy again to, segmentation improves the tube wall temperature of oil transport pipeline 1, and then increases the crude oil temperature in the oil transport pipeline 1; Reduce the wax deposit that adheres on the inner-walls of duct, omnidistance segmentation promotes the crude oil in the oil transport pipeline 1 to flow to oil refinery smoothly from the oil field.
A kind of device with solar energy power generating increase wall temperature is to improve the tube wall temperature of transfer oil pipeline and the crude oil temperature in the oil transport pipeline with clean energy resource.Past; Rely on the electric energy that is provided by power supply network comes to the heating crude oil in the oil transport pipeline always; The coal-fired thermal power output of China accounts for 81% of gross generation, and the burning coal generating will discharge a large amount of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide in air, in order to increase crude oil temperature, to make crude oil smooth and easy circulation of ability and consume a large amount of coals in oil transport pipeline; Increased discharge amount, be unfavorable for energy-saving and emission-reduction to Carbon Dioxide in Air and sulfur dioxide.Large-scale popularization is used a kind of device with solar energy power generating increase wall temperature on the transfer oil pipeline, can reduce the quantity of in air, discharging carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide in a large number, helps protecting oil transport pipeline 1 urban and rural environment on every side.
When inventor's Miao TongChun of this patent was visited the large-sized photovoltaic exhibition in Shanghai before 5 years; At the meeting see the flexible thin-film solar cell of the U.S.'s one tame photovoltaic enterprise production, its thickness only has three millimeters, and its backing material can curl; The existing enterprise that makes flexible thin-film solar cell of China went into operation in 2010; The thin-film solar cells of this flexibility is fit to be wrapped on the surface, Chaoyang of transfer oil pipeline fully, accepts the irradiation of sunlight, and being used for transform light energy is electric energy; To a kind of device power supply, be used to increase the crude oil temperature in the oil transport pipeline with solar energy power generating increase wall temperature.Because rapid development of science and technology, the photoelectric transformation efficiency of this type of flexible thin-film solar cell are among improving constantly, the generating price is in continuous decline, so it is practicable invention that solar photovoltaic technology is applied on the transfer oil pipeline.
To enumerate embodiment following at present:
Embodiment one
Be on the oil transport pipeline between two heating stations of transfer oil pipeline of 350 millimeters in pipe thickness, carry out the device that photovoltaic generation increases wall temperature according to certain span mounting strap monocrystaline silicon solar cell.The monocrystaline silicon solar cell battery that solar radiation is installed on the photovoltaic fixing device produces direct current; Direct current is adjusted, is then imported inverter and convert Ac to through the electric lead input controller; Import common constant temperature electric heating from the Ac of inverter output and heat cover; Electric energy converts heat energy in common constant temperature electric heating heats cover; Heat energy is used to increase the temperature of oil transportation tube wall and the ambient temperature around the transport pipe, and pipe thickness is the temperature that the appropriateness of 350 millimeters oil transport pipeline wall temperature promoted, helped keeping the suitable oil transportation of the crude oil in the oil transport pipeline, helps reducing the wax deposit on the transport pipe inwall; After the crude oil of guaranteeing the recover petroleum gained is released from the oil well in oil field, through the smooth and easy oil refinery of transporting to of oil transport pipeline.
Embodiment two:
Be on the oil transport pipeline between two heating stations of transfer oil pipeline of 450 millimeters in pipe thickness, carry out the device that photovoltaic generation increases wall temperature according to certain span mounting strap copper-indium-galliun-selenium film solar cell.The copper-indium-galliun-selenium film solar cell that solar radiation is installed on the photovoltaic fixing device produces direct current; Direct current is adjusted, is then imported inverter and convert Ac to through the electric lead input controller; Import common constant temperature electric heating from the Ac of inverter output and heat cover; Electric energy converts heat energy in common constant temperature electric heating heats cover; Heat energy is used to increase the temperature of oil transportation tube wall and the ambient temperature around the transport pipe, and pipe thickness is the temperature that the appropriateness of 450 millimeters oil transport pipeline wall temperature promoted, helped keeping the suitable oil transportation of the crude oil in the oil transport pipeline, helps reducing the wax deposit on the transport pipe inwall; After the crude oil of guaranteeing the recover petroleum gained is released from the oil well in oil field, through the smooth and easy oil refinery of transporting to of oil transport pipeline.
Claims (5)
1. band solar energy power generating increases wall temperature device delivery petroleum pipeline; It is characterized in that, heat cover (11) by oil transport pipeline (1), mound (2), oil transport pipeline supporting frame (3), heating station (4), solar cell (5), photovoltaic fixing device (6), electric lead (7), controller (8), inverter (9), annular energy-storage battery (10), electric heating and form a kind of band solar energy power generating increase wall temperature device delivery petroleum pipeline jointly;
Go up installation photovoltaic fixing device (6) at oil transport pipeline (1), solar cell (5) is installed on the top of photovoltaic fixing device (6); On the right side of the fixing device (6) on the oil transport pipeline (1), annular energy-storage battery (10), controller (8), inverter (9), electric heating be installed on oil transport pipeline (1) successively heated cover (11); Heating station (4) is built at high top on mound (2), and oil transport pipeline (1) passes the heating equipment in the heating station (4);
Solar cell (5) is connected with controller (8) through electric lead (7); Controller (8) is connected with inverter (9) through electric lead (7); Inverter (9) heats cover (11) through electric lead (7) and electric heating and is connected, and controller (8) is connected with annular energy-storage battery (10) through electric lead (7);
The bottom of photovoltaic fixing device (6), annular energy-storage battery (10) and electric heating heat cover and all are toroidal; Be wrapped on the outer surface of oil transport pipeline (1), solar cell (5), electric lead (7), controller (8), inverter (9) are installed in the top of oil transport pipeline (1).
2. a kind of band solar energy power generating according to claim 1 increases wall temperature device delivery petroleum pipeline; It is characterized in that described solar cell (5) is monocrystaline silicon solar cell or polysilicon solar cell or flexible amorphous silicon film solar cell or flexible copper indium gallium selenide thin-film solar cell or flexible cadmium telluride thin-film solar cell.
3. a kind of band solar energy power generating according to claim 1 increases wall temperature device delivery petroleum pipeline, it is characterized in that described oil transport pipeline (1) is that pipe thickness is 200～750 millimeters a seamless steel pipe.
4. a kind of band solar energy power generating according to claim 1 increases wall temperature device delivery petroleum pipeline, it is characterized in that it is that common constant temperature electric heating heats cover that described electric heating heats cover (11).
5. a kind of band solar energy power generating according to claim 1 increases wall temperature device delivery petroleum pipeline, it is characterized in that described annular energy-storage battery (10) is the super capacitor lithium ion battery.
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| CN2011103102164A CN102425706A (en) | 2011-10-12 | 2011-10-12 | Conveying petroleum pipeline with solar photovoltaic power generation wall temperature increasing device |
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| CN2011103102164A CN102425706A (en) | 2011-10-12 | 2011-10-12 | Conveying petroleum pipeline with solar photovoltaic power generation wall temperature increasing device |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103728091A (en) * | 2014-01-11 | 2014-04-16 | 东北石油大学 | Anti-freezing pressure tapping pipe by means of solar power generation heating |
| CN104358962A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-02-18 | 北京交通大学 | Solar photovoltaic thermal/electric heat tracing system for permafrost-buried pipe |
| CN105042888A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-11-11 | 上海电力学院 | Natural gas pipeline anti-frost-heaving system combined with thermoelectric power generation and solar energy |
| CN105402488A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-16 | 无锡市三六九钢管有限公司 | Oil delivery pipeline device with solar shielding plate |
| CN106151776A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-11-23 | 马成学 | A kind of novel anticorrosion insulation crude oil pipeline |
| CN106979431A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-07-25 | 成都大漠石油技术有限公司 | The mechanism of carried of crude oil ability is improved using solar power generation |
| CN107781644A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-09 | 王珏 | One kind heating oil pipeline |
| CN108105516A (en) * | 2016-11-19 | 2018-06-01 | 天津欧津汇溢市场调查有限公司 | A kind of technological service pipe heating devices |
| CN110168222A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-08-23 | 软隔离股份有限公司 | For can be carried out the co-generation unit and method of cogeneration of heat and power by the sun |
| ES2807675A1 (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-02-23 | Aislamientos Suaval S A | Combined system for supporting industrial insulation systems and photovoltaic panels on pipes and capital goods (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CN113551430A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-26 | 尚阳储能(北京)科技有限公司 | Solar heating method and equipment for crude oil |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103728091A (en) * | 2014-01-11 | 2014-04-16 | 东北石油大学 | Anti-freezing pressure tapping pipe by means of solar power generation heating |
| CN104358962A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-02-18 | 北京交通大学 | Solar photovoltaic thermal/electric heat tracing system for permafrost-buried pipe |
| CN105042888A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-11-11 | 上海电力学院 | Natural gas pipeline anti-frost-heaving system combined with thermoelectric power generation and solar energy |
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| CN106151776A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-11-23 | 马成学 | A kind of novel anticorrosion insulation crude oil pipeline |
| CN108105516A (en) * | 2016-11-19 | 2018-06-01 | 天津欧津汇溢市场调查有限公司 | A kind of technological service pipe heating devices |
| CN106979431A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-07-25 | 成都大漠石油技术有限公司 | The mechanism of carried of crude oil ability is improved using solar power generation |
| CN107781644A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-09 | 王珏 | One kind heating oil pipeline |
| CN107781644B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2019-08-09 | 毛瑞城 | A kind of heating oil pipeline |
| CN110168222A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-08-23 | 软隔离股份有限公司 | For can be carried out the co-generation unit and method of cogeneration of heat and power by the sun |
| CN110168222B (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2023-10-03 | 软隔离股份有限公司 | Cogeneration system and method for cogeneration from solar energy |
| ES2807675A1 (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-02-23 | Aislamientos Suaval S A | Combined system for supporting industrial insulation systems and photovoltaic panels on pipes and capital goods (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| WO2021038116A1 (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-03-04 | Aislamientos Suaval, S.A. | Combined system for supporting industrial insulation systems and photovoltaic panels on piping and capital equipment |
| CN113551430A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-26 | 尚阳储能(北京)科技有限公司 | Solar heating method and equipment for crude oil |
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Application publication date: 20120425 |