CN102410174A

CN102410174A - Non-clearance structure of piston reciprocating compressor and relevant processing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN102410174A
Application number: CN2011102555824A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁嘉麟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-08-30
Filing date: 2011-08-21
Publication date: 2012-04-11
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-21
Also published as: CN102384064A; CN102410174B; CN102261321A; CN102384069A; CN106286217A; CN102384063A; CN102278296A; CN102384070A; CN102384067B; CN102400892A; CN102384062B; CN102384066A; CN102384067A; CN102384062A

Abstract

The invention relates to a non-clearance structure of a piston reciprocating compressor and a relevant processing method thereof. The method is achieved by improvement in completely eliminating clearance, that is, achieved by improvement based on the ZL200410030658.3 'non-clearance' technology. From the perspective of structural principle, the five components, i.e. a piston (5), an air evacuation valve plate (3), a conical air suction valve block (4), a piston ring (k) and a cylinder (6), can come into a status of 'non-clearance' contact with no geometrical space therebetween instantly. By using the non-clearance structure, the most traditional piston reciprocating compressor comes into the world with a brand-new look: the actual rate of air discharge of the piston (5) is in close proximity to 100% in any condition, and thus the compression ratio can be substantially increased, thereby creating a condition for becoming an upgrading product of the piston reciprocating compressor, and even creating a condition for the potential of becoming an upgrading product of various different types of compressors used in other engineering fields due to the substantial rise of the 'cost performance'.

Description

Constructing and relevant processing method of piston reciprocating compressor completely without clearance

Technical field.

The present invention relates to the technology of piston reciprocating compressor, especially the technology of " completely without clearance " type.

Background technique

Great majority in the compressor kind of coming out at present all are the conventional piston compressors by crank-driven; It has: make simple; Long service life; Wait the comprehensive characteristics that other kind compressor can't be by comparison to material is less demanding, this has been a unfailing main cause since its comes out.

Piston reciprocating compressor is the same with other compressors, owing to structurally receive the puzzlement of insurmountable " clearance " problem, so its exhaust efficiency is or/and compression ratio is difficult to raising all the time.---for example: when compression ratio approached " 10 ", its air displacement will be reduced to the degree that loses its work meaning.

" clearance " in the existing piston reciprocating compressor comprising: between the outer top of piston and the cylinder inner top and because air-breathing and " clearance " that the two mechanism of exhaust must exist, and the clearance that causes owing to the existence of piston ring.

Summary of the invention

The present invention's purpose:

The present invention's purpose: the structure that has proposed piston reciprocating compressor " completely without clearance ".

In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, intend the technology below adopting:

On the model structure basis that piston back and forth moves, satisfy four mechanism design conditions of following a, b, c and d:

A. the top outer adapted of piston is controlled the taper Aspirating valves piece that suction port opens and closes;

B. at least with the outside of piston and top flush on be provided with the piston ring that its section is half V-type; Dehiscing of this half V-type towards the center of circle; This half V-shaped section dehisce with the formed gradient surface of contact of piston head for being slidingly matched; And; This half V-type piston ring is through implementing to locate with the above-mentioned half V-shaped section annular groove that is arranged on the piston that matches, and the gap that is slidingly matched between the ramp of this half V-type piston ring and the piston head gradient should be less than the matching gap of this half V-type piston ring lower plane and above-mentioned annular groove base plane;

C. piston can back down exhaust valve plate at last and go out cylinder in compression exhaust stroke forward,

Piston is in backward travel; When piston is desired to return in the cylinder fully; In the moment that exhaust valve plate outside being about to and being blocked in by cylinder separates, will cause and form " completely without the clearance " contact condition that does not have geometric space between piston, exhaust valve plate, taper Aspirating valves piece, piston ring and the cylinder.

D. exhaust valve plate is the top that is positioned at cylinder through the elastic device of one type on spring.

The processing method of key position of the present invention is following:

With its section is the V-type piston ring; On the outside that is arranged on piston and the position that the top flushes; Taper Aspirating valves piece also is arranged on piston; At last, with the upper top of this piston, the top of this piston ring, and the upper top of this taper Aspirating valves piece (bottom of cone) three carries out plane lapping together.---guarantee that this three is positioned at same plane.

The present invention and existing technology characteristics relatively:

Owing to proposed the structure Design scheme of above-mentioned piston reciprocating compressor " completely without clearance "; This just is: piston reciprocating compressor can realize that on its structural principle the structural type of " completely without clearance " working state and the method for operation all created condition; Make it: theoretical air displacement reaches 100% degree; And all be in close proximity to 100% under actual row tolerance what working condition in office, and and then can improve its work compression ratio significantly and create condition again.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 has illustrated the embodiment of the present invention in the driving high-power piston reciprocating compressor of horizontal crankshaft.

Fig. 2 has illustrated the relative position of piston-advance (exhaust) when operation piston, valve and cylinder of Fig. 1 type.

Fig. 3 has illustrated the piston of Fig. 1 type to retreat the relative position of (air-breathing) when operation piston, valve and cylinder.

H: zone of high pressure; W: low pressure area; K: its section is the piston ring of half V-type; N: common conventional piston ring; P: the suction port of piston head; D: AC motor; 1: cylinder cap; 2: spring; 3: exhaust valve plate; 4: taper Aspirating valves piece; 5: piston; 6: cylinder; 7: bent axle; 8: connecting rod; 9: body; 10: set screw.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 has illustrated the structure in general of a kind of crank-driven type piston reciprocating compressor " completely without clearance ".

Fig. 2 has illustrated piston 5 when compression exhaust stroke forward, carrying piston ring K together, heads on the situation that exhaust valve plate 3 is advanced in the outside, hole of cylinder 6 together.Obviously:

A. at piston 5 with before exhaust valve plate 3 contacts, just in cylinder 6, formed the high pressure air cushion that will alleviate piston 5 and exhaust valve plate 3 mutual collision dynamics between this two;

B. mean this moment: piston 5 is all clamp-oned zone of high pressure H with the pressurized gas that are compressed into;

C. should on structural design, guarantee: piston ring K can not all break away from the hole of (going out) cylinder, otherwise piston ring K just can not carried again by piston 5 and return cylinder 6.In addition, piston 5 is gone out the stroke part at cylinder 6 holes, can be controlled in its effective travel length about 1/10th or littler.

Fig. 3 has illustrated piston 5 when the suction stroke of retreating, to pass through the state of the taper Aspirating valves piece 4 inspiration low-pressure gases at its top.Obviously:

A. structurally adopt the downflow type suction mechanism to meet the model structure requirement of " completely without clearance " most.

B. be in starting stage of backward travel when piston 5, promptly before the hole of piston 5 complete setback cylinders 6, at first by larger-diameter exhaust valve plate 3 will be more small-bore cylinder 6 the hole top seal firmly, will form this moment:

The state (with regard to structure theory) of " completely without clearance " between piston 5 (comprising the piston ring K that is positioned at its outer rim), taper Aspirating valves piece 4, exhaust valve plate 3 and the cylinder 6.---at the moment after; Just can not exist like the inflation process of residual high pressure gas in the existing technology; The suction stroke stage that directly lets piston 5 just get into to have actual air-breathing meaning is till space between piston 5 to the exhaust valve plate 3 fills up in cylinder 6 by the low-pressure gas of inspiration.

In sum; See from structural principle of the present invention; Be in suction stroke of the present invention when piston 5 but do not carry out as yet when air-breathing; Promptly mainly be under anticyclonic driving, the moment that lets exhaust valve plate 3 that the hole top seal of cylinder 6 is lived: will form letting of most critical: " completely without the clearance " contact condition that does not have geometric space between piston 5, exhaust valve plate 3, taper Aspirating valves piece 4, piston ring K and the cylinder 6.

Relate to the problem that V-shaped section shape piston ring K realizes " no clearance " about adopting among the present invention:

Piston 5 contacts with fashion of extrusion through certain taper gradient with the piston ring K (it is dehisced towards the center of circle) of half V-shaped section; And; This gradient direction leaves the center of circle and towards circumference; Like this, in the middle of the process of piston 5 pressurized gass, just will inevitably increase the variable additional extruding component (being directly proportional) on the cylinder 6 circumferential inner wall directions with the pressure that is compressed gas; When the pressure that is compressed gas reaches the highest, so, prevent the dynamics of leaking gas between high pressure and the low pressure at piston 5 two ends also just to reach maximum through the above-mentioned additional component of piston ring K thereupon; Obviously, in the initial stroke stage of piston 5 pressurized gass (when the pressure of gas is not high), above-mentioned extruding component towards circumferencial direction does not just exist or is very little.---when cooperatively interacting, always can exist certain between the special-shaped section annular groove of piston ring 1 and this piston ring 1 of location even extremely small tolerance fit; Need only during machining and fully grasped and managed to realize this point (fully having paid attention to " b " money in above-mentioned " summary of the invention " paragraph) consciously; Just can be easy to make piston 5 in the middle of the process of pressurized gas; Can increase the dynamics of prevention gas leakage above-mentioned between piston 5 rear and front ends effectively, this is very important in high compression ratio or superelevation compression ratio type.

In addition, the scope of top dimension S should be more than or equal to " zero " in the section of the piston ring K that anticipates shown in the figure, when specifically designing, and the different demands during according to architecture advances, the design of above-mentioned two kinds of situation all might exist.

High pressure problem of temperature rise about high compression ratio type of the present invention:

High compression ratio or extra-high-speed compression ratio type will inevitably face the high temperature rise problem for compressor; This can adopt general air cooling way to solve, and also can adopt the water-cooling pattern as motor car engine (exploding the operation of driven plunger through gasoline high temperature) to solve.

Obviously:

Now; The piston reciprocating compressor that " clearance is arranged ", it has makes simple and " cost performance " very high characteristics, if realized the structure of " completely without clearance " of the present invention; Make its " cost performance " just can rise by a larger margin; Not only this will let piston reciprocating compressor with the longest history can become the update product of traditional piston reciprocating compressor, and, also probably become the update product of all kinds compressor that uses in the Other Engineering field.

Claims

A piston reciprocating compressor completely without clearance structure, back and forth on the model structure basis of operation, four mechanisms that satisfy following a, b, c and d on the structure again are provided with condition at piston (5):

A. the top outer adapted of piston (5) is controlled the taper Aspirating valves piece (4) that suction port (P) opens and closes;

B. at least with the outside of piston (5) and top flush on be provided with the piston ring that its section is half V-type (K); Dehiscing of this half V-type towards the center of circle; This half V-shaped section dehisce with the formed gradient surface of contact in piston (5) top for being slidingly matched; And; This half V-type piston ring (K) is through implementing to locate with the above-mentioned half V-shaped section annular groove that is arranged on the piston (5) that matches, and the gap that is slidingly matched between the ramp of this half V-type piston ring (K) and piston (5) the top gradient should be less than the matching gap of this half V-type piston ring (K) lower plane and above-mentioned annular groove base plane;

C. piston (5) is in compression exhaust stroke forward; Can back down exhaust valve plate (3) at last and go out cylinder (6); Piston (5) is in backward travel; Desire to return to fully in the cylinder (6) when piston (5), in the moment that the exhaust valve plate (3) outside being about to and being blocked in by cylinder (6) separates, will cause and form " completely without the clearance " contact condition that does not have geometric space between piston (5), exhaust valve plate (3), taper Aspirating valves piece (4), piston ring (K) and the cylinder (6) five;

D. exhaust valve plate (3) is the top that is positioned at cylinder (6) through the elastic device of (2) one types on spring.
2. the processing method completely without clearance structure key position of a piston reciprocating compressor according to claim 1:

On the position that its section is half V-type piston ring (K) outside that is arranged on piston (5) with the top flushes; Taper Aspirating valves piece (4) also is arranged on piston (5); At last; With the upper top of this piston (5), the top of this piston ring (K), and the upper top of taper Aspirating valves piece (4) carries out plane lapping together.