CN102384060A

CN102384060A - Totally clearance-free structural form of piston reciprocating compressor

Info

Publication number: CN102384060A
Application number: CN2010102721707A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁嘉麟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-08-31
Filing date: 2010-08-31
Publication date: 2012-03-21

Abstract

A totally clearance-free structural form of a piston reciprocating compressor is achieved based on thorough improvement in the aspects of clearance elimination. The totally clearance-free structural form of the piston reciprocating compressor is characterized in that a a cone-shaped air suction valve block (4) for controlling opening and closing of an air suction hole (P) is arranged on the outer side of the top of a piston (5) in a matched mode ; b a piston ring (K) with the V-shaped section is arranged at the position flushed to the outer side and the top of the piston (5) at least; and c the piston (5) can abut against a vent valve piece (3) to rush out of a cylinder (6) in the venting running process, and accordingly a totally clearance-free contact state without geometric space is formed among the piston (5), the vent valve piece (3), the cone-shaped air suction valve block (4) and the cylinder (6) finally. Traditional piston reciprocating compressors which have the largest yield and sales volume in the world are enabled to appear with brand new features, and by means of the characteristics, conditions are created for greatly improving venting efficiency (the actual venting volume is extremely close to 100%) of the compressor type or/and working compression ratio.

Description

Piston reciprocating compressor completely without clearance structural type

Technical field.

The present invention relates to the structure technology of piston reciprocating compressor, especially the structure technology of " completely without clearance ".

Background technique

Great majority in the compressor kind of coming out at present all are the conventional piston compressors by crank-driven; It has: make simple; Long service life; Wait the comprehensive characteristics that other kind compressor can't be by comparison to material is less demanding, this has been a unfailing main cause since its comes out.

Piston reciprocating compressor is the same with other compressors, owing to structurally receive the puzzlement of insurmountable " clearance " problem, so its exhaust efficiency is or/and compression ratio is difficult to raising all the time.---for example: when compression ratio approached " 10 ", its air displacement will be reduced to the degree that loses its work meaning.

ZL200410030658.3 has proposed " no clearance " structure of a kind of piston reciprocating compressor from the angle of structural principle, in the long-term traditional concept of people that it has related to thorough solution (elimination) between the impassable outer top of piston and the cylinder inner top and because " clearance " problem air-breathing and that the two mechanism of exhaust must exist.Yet; Owing to exist (purpose is the problem of leaking gas the gap of high low pressure between piston and cylinder that stops the piston two ends to form) of piston ring, leave the distance of the nearest piston ring of piston tip and this piston tip, and the two amassing of the gap basal area between this piston and the cylinder inner wall; And the clearance volume that forms; " clearance " that promptly is commonly called as,---it becomes one of three big " clearance " problems of existing piston reciprocating compressor, does not properly settle as yet.

Summary of the invention

The present invention's purpose: on the basis of above-mentioned " patent of invention " technology (ZL200410030658.3), propose its technical solution for only surplus above-mentioned " clearance " problem that causes by piston ring that does not relate to as yet.In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, intend the technology below adopting: on the model structure basis that piston back and forth moves, three mechanisms that structurally satisfy following a, b and c are provided with condition:

A. the top outer adapted of piston is controlled the taper Aspirating valves piece that suction port opens and closes;

B. at least with the outside of piston and top flush on be provided with the piston ring that its section is a V-type, and, the dehiscing of this V-type towards the center of circle;

C. in the piston forward exhaust running; Can back down exhaust valve plate at last and go out cylinder; Piston is retreated in the air-breathing running; When piston is desired to return to fully in the cylinder, in the moment that promptly will separate, will cause and form " completely without the clearance " contact condition that does not have geometric space between piston, exhaust valve plate, taper Aspirating valves piece and the cylinder with the exhaust valve plate outside being blocked in by cylinder.---described exhaust valve plate is the tip position that is positioned at cylinder through suppressing of spring.The present invention and existing technology characteristics relatively:

Because on the architecture basics of piston reciprocating compressor in non-clearance structure (ZL200410030658.3); Increased the technological behave of above-mentioned " b " money (mainly being piston ring section configuration and the improvement that the position is set thereof) again; This just is: on its structural principle, can realize the structural type of " completely without clearance " working state and the method for operation for piston reciprocating compressor and all create condition; Make its actual air displacement under any working condition, all be in close proximity to 100%, and and then can improve its work compression ratio significantly and create condition again.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 has illustrated the embodiment of the present invention in the driving high-power piston compressor of horizontal crankshaft.

Fig. 2 has illustrated the relative position of piston-advance (exhaust) when operation piston, valve and cylinder of Fig. 1 type.

Fig. 3 has illustrated the piston of Fig. 1 type to retreat the relative position of (air-breathing) when operation piston, valve and cylinder.H: zone of high pressure; W: low pressure area; K: its section is the piston ring of V-type; The top dimension of S:V type piston ring (more than or equal to " zero "); N: common conventional piston ring; P: the suction port of piston head; D: AC motor; 1: cylinder cap; 2: spring; 3: exhaust valve plate; 4: taper Aspirating valves piece; 5: piston; 6: cylinder; 7: bent axle; 8: connecting rod; 9: body; 10: set screw.

Embodiment

The structural principle overview of " completely without clearance " design of a kind of crank-driven type compressor is seen the signal of Fig. 1.

When piston 5 is in compression stroke, with before exhaust valve plate 3 contacts, just in cylinder 6, formed the high pressure air cushion that to alleviate mutual collision dynamics between this two at it.In case piston 5 is carrying the hole that piston ring K goes out cylinder 6 together; The pressurized gas that soon have been compressed into are all clamp-oned zone of high pressure H, and simultaneously contact and head on this exhaust valve plate 3 with exhaust valve plate 3 together with piston ring K and advance in the outside, hole of cylinder 6.

Fig. 2 has illustrated above-mentioned piston 5 carrying piston ring K together, heads on the situation that exhaust valve plate 3 is advanced in the outside, hole of cylinder 6 together.---obviously, structurally should guarantee: piston ring K can not all break away from the hole of (going out) cylinder, otherwise piston ring K just can not carried again by piston 5 and return cylinder 6.In addition, piston 5 is gone out the stroke part at cylinder 6 holes, can be controlled at usually its effective suction stroke length about 1/10th or littler.

When piston 5 is in suction stroke, before the hole of piston 5 complete setback cylinders 6,, mainly be under anticyclonic driving at first by the larger-diameter exhaust valve plate 3 of spring 2 location, the hole top seal of cylinder 6 that again will be more small-bore is lived.Then; Piston 5 converts the working state of doing the air-breathing merit of following current again to, since action of pressure, the gas among the low pressure area W; Suction port P through piston 5 tops backs down the taper Aspirating valves piece 4 of sealing them originally; Get into and implement its suction stroke in the cylinder 6, last, the low-pressure gas of inspiration all fills up the space in the cylinder 6 suction stroke sections.

Fig. 3 has illustrated the above-mentioned state that passes through the taper Aspirating valves piece 4 inspiration low-pressure gases on the piston 5.---obviously, structurally adopt the downflow type suction mechanism to meet the model structure design of " completely without clearance " most.

The piston ring K that the present invention adopts can form the problem of " no clearance " between piston 5 and the cylinder 6:

Owing to utilized the shape of its unique section for V-type; Piston 5 contacts through the fashion of extrusion of certain slope with piston ring K; Through rational machining (carrying out plane lapping together); Can guarantee again under the prerequisite of implementing this two sealing that easily this two top is positioned at a plane, when the two fully contacts with another plane through the plane that constitutes side by side by this, guarantee these two the fully states of formation " no clearance " between the planes of contact easily.The section configuration of the conventional piston ring N that the present invention relates to still can adopt rectangle.

In sum; See from the structural principle of type of the present invention; When piston 5 is in suction stroke of the present invention but when not air-breathing as yet; Promptly mainly be under anticyclonic driving, the moment that exhaust valve plate 3 is lived the hole top seal of cylinder 6: will cause and form " completely without the clearance " contact condition that does not have geometric space between piston 5, exhaust valve plate 3, taper Aspirating valves piece 4 and the cylinder 6 four.Realized so state, no matter theoretically, still in fact said, can both let above-mentioned contact condition realize " zero " clearance.---realize being somebody's turn to do the state of " completely without clearance ", will make the theoretical air displacement of type of the present invention reach 100% degree, this is extremely beneficial for the compression ratio that improves type of the present invention very significantly.

Obviously:

" no clearance " structure (ZL200410030658.3) of piston reciprocating compressor formerly; Do not relate to piston 5 and the cylinder 6 clearance problem between the two; It is suitable for there not being the improvement of piston ring parts type at least; For example, the small-sized piston reciprocal compressor that almost uses in 100% the household electric refrigerator is exactly the type of no piston ring.

" completely without clearance " structure of piston reciprocating compressor of the present invention, be suitable for most piston 5 and cylinder 6 exist between the two the piston ring parts in, the improvement of the piston reciprocating compressor of large-scale " clearance is arranged ".

Now, in this, the annual value of production of the piston reciprocating compressor of large-scale " clearance is arranged " is far longer than the annual value of production of small-sized " clearance is arranged " compressor of numerous household electric refrigerator purposes.

Now; The piston reciprocating compressor that " clearance is arranged ", it has makes simple and " cost performance " very high characteristics, if realized the structure of " completely without clearance " of the present invention; Just can let piston reciprocating compressor with the longest history occur on earth with brand-new looks; Not only can become the update product of existing traditional piston reciprocating compressor, and, the update product of all kinds compressor that uses in the Other Engineering field also probably become.

Claims

A piston reciprocating compressor completely without clearance structural type, back and forth on the model structure basis of operation, three mechanisms that satisfy following a, b and c on the structure again are provided with condition at piston (5):

A. the top outer adapted of piston (5) is controlled the taper Aspirating valves piece (4) that suction port (P) opens and closes;

B. at least with the outside of piston (5) and top flush on be provided with the piston ring that its section is a V-type (K), and, the dehiscing of this V-type towards the center of circle;

C. piston (5) is forward in the compression exhaust running; Can back down exhaust valve plate (3) at last and go out cylinder (6); Piston (5) is retreated in the air-breathing running; When piston (5) is desired to return to fully in the cylinder (6), in the moment that promptly will separate, will cause and form " completely without the clearance " contact condition that does not have geometric space between piston (5), exhaust valve plate (3), taper Aspirating valves piece (4) and the cylinder (6) four with the exhaust valve plate (3) outside being blocked in by cylinder (6).
A piston reciprocating compressor according to claim 1 completely without clearance structural type, it is characterized in that: described exhaust valve plate (3) is the tip position that is positioned at cylinder (6) that suppresses through spring (2).