CN102409275B - Preparation method of superfine crystal lead-free delay element for detonator - Google Patents
Preparation method of superfine crystal lead-free delay element for detonator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102409275B CN102409275B CN 201110395268 CN201110395268A CN102409275B CN 102409275 B CN102409275 B CN 102409275B CN 201110395268 CN201110395268 CN 201110395268 CN 201110395268 A CN201110395268 A CN 201110395268A CN 102409275 B CN102409275 B CN 102409275B
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- delay element
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910007570 Zn-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009716 squeeze casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000750 endocrine system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000020774 essential nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002607 hemopoietic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种雷管用超细晶无铅延期体的制备方法，首先采用铸造、挤压、轧制和机械加工的方法制备出超细晶Zn-Al合金坯料管；然后将装有延期药的超细晶Zn-Al合金坯料管拉拔或轧制成Zn-Al合金管材；最后将制成的Zn-Al合金管材切割并封装为Zn-Al合金延期体。本发明技术方案避免了铅污染，且使用场合不受限制，生产过程更安全。The invention discloses a method for preparing an ultra-fine-grain lead-free extension body for a detonator. Firstly, an ultra-fine-grain Zn-Al alloy billet tube is prepared by casting, extruding, rolling and mechanical processing; Drawing or rolling the ultra-fine-grained Zn-Al alloy billet tube of medicine into Zn-Al alloy tube material; finally cutting and packaging the Zn-Al alloy tube material into Zn-Al alloy extension body. The technical solution of the invention avoids lead pollution, and the application occasions are not limited, and the production process is safer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detonator Unleaded delay body, particularly the plumbous matter delay element of tradition is changed into the method for room temperature superplasticity aluminium zinc delay element.
Background technology
Lead and lead 2-base alloy be low, flexible due to fusing point, be easy to the advantages such as processing, becomes the widely used a kind of material of detonator industry, as delay element making, the detection of blasting cap initiation ability etc.But lead is an a kind of huge sum of money of serious environment pollution, lead element is organized all toxic effects to human body is various, can cause the functions such as human intelligence, vision, motion, memory, language impaired, meeting harmful to human hemopoietic function, immunologic function and endocrine system, Digestive tract are larger to pregnant woman and children's toxic action especially.The plumbous matter delay element of detonator is after explosive reaction, lead element enters natural circulation with the form of metal or oxide compound, very easily be detrimental to health by approach such as air, food, water, the propagation that detonator place to use distribution is wide, characteristics that the practitioner is many have more increased the weight of this harm.Developed countries detonator industry is progressively eliminated plumbous, and a problem is also just being set about processing by China.Present blasting cap initiation delay element all adopts drawing lead, and rope---the lead bullion pipe of delay powder will be housed through repeatedly drawing, becoming certain external diameter is the plumbous rope that 5. 5 ~ 6. 5mm include the delay powder core, then is cut into the plumbous delay element of certain-length according to the defer time needs.Plumbous delay element technology has been utilized plumbous characteristics with good ductility, although easy to process, the lead after blasting cap detonation in delay element is except a part is converted into plumbous oxide, and a part enters natural circulation with the form of lead, and two portions are all to environment.
The propositions such as Ma Honghao change the plumbous matter delay element of tradition into the aluminium delay element.But become in the characteristic with easy oxidation of aluminium under the Minepit environment of gas and cause gas explosion hidden danger, limited the use of aluminum delay element.In actual production, aluminium is very easy to heating in being processed into the drawing process of delay element, and production security is poor.In addition, although aluminium alloy is plastic material, the actual problem that is faced with embrittlement when pulling to the specified dimension delay element, namely aluminium matter delay element easily ruptures.
The zinc alloy environment friendly is much better than aluminium alloy, lead alloy, at first nineteen twenty-six Lu's rope More (Sommer) and C.B. Li Puman (Lipman) have found that zinc is the essential nutrient element of plant growth, zinc fertilizer (zinc sulfate, zinc chloride) has the effects such as metabolism that promote vegetable cell breathing, carbohydrate, and zinc fertilizer is widely used in countries in the world now.And Zn-22Al to be associated gold be a kind of fine crystalline superplastic alloy, can obtain 335% unit elongation when being 4 * 10-3 for strain rate under room temperature, have very low strain hardening, low flow stress and high ductibility.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of room temperature superplasticity Zn-22Al alloy to prepare the method for detonator delay body, avoiding Lead contamination, and use occasion is unrestricted.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of preparation method of superfine crystal lead-free delay element for detonator, and the first step, employing casting, extruding, method rolling and mechanical workout are prepared Ultra-fine Grained Zn-Al alloy blank pipe; Second step, the Ultra-fine Grained Zn-Al alloy blank pipe drawing of delay powder will be housed or be rolled into Zn-Al alloy tubing; The 3rd the step, the Zn-Al alloy tubing of making is cut and is encapsulated as the Zn-Al alloy delay element.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage: (1) the present invention has adopted the material of Zn-22Al alloy as the Unleaded delay body, has overcome aluminium and be very easy to the problem of heating in being processed into the drawing process of delay element, production security is high.(2) the Zn-22Al alloy of the present invention's employing has solved the problem of the easy embrittlement of aluminium in actual drawing process, has good ductility, is not easy fracture.(3) the present invention program has avoided Lead contamination, and use occasion is unrestricted.
Embodiment
The preparation method of superfine crystal lead-free delay element for detonator of the present invention, step is as follows:
The first step, employing casting, extruding, mode rolling, mechanical workout are prepared Ultra-fine Grained Zn-Al alloy blank pipe, and the material of Unleaded delay body is the Zn-22Al alloy;
Second step, the Ultra-fine Grained Zn-Al alloy blank pipe drawing of delay powder will be housed or be rolled into the 3mm-6mmZn-Al alloy pipe;
The 3rd the step, the Zn-Al alloy tubing of making is cut and is encapsulated as the Zn-Al alloy delay element.
The standby method of blank control comprises: continuous casting, and sand mold casting, extrusion casting, liquid forging, cold extrusion, hot extrusion, the combination of rolling and mechanical workout or these methods, mechanical workout has comprised as several different methods such as bore hole, boring or cars.
The preparation method of superfine crystal lead-free delay element for detonator of the present invention, the blank pipe after casting needs homogenizing thermal treatment.
The preparation method of superfine crystal lead-free delay element for detonator of the present invention, the Zn-22Al alloy after casting can carry out multiway forging with crystal grain thinning, and then by extruding, method rolling or mechanical workout is prepared the blank pipe.
The blank pipe can carry out mechanical workout reaching drawing or rolling required size, and the method that blank pipe cross section reduces comprises the combination of drawing, rolling, mechanical workout or these methods.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
1) Continuous casting process prepares the Zn-22Al alloy circle ingot casting of external diameter 80mm.
2) homogenizing is processed: 300 ℃ of insulations 24 hours, furnace cooling cooled to room temperature.
3) extruding Zn-22Al alloy cast ingot under 250 ℃, obtain external diameter 20mm, the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of internal diameter 12mm, and it is long to be cut into 20cm.
4) at long delay powder for filling 20g in the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of 20cm, sealed tube two ends.
5) the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of delay powder is housed by the order drawing of aperture 18mm, 16mm, 14mm, 12mm, 10mm, 8mm, 6mm, 4.6mm, makes external diameter 4.6mm, include the Zn-22Al alloy delay element of delay powder core.
6) be cut into the Zn-22Al alloy delay element of 3mm according to the defer time needs.
Embodiment 2
1) the standby physical dimension of sand casting process or liquid forging legal system is the Zn-22Al alloy side ingot casting of 50 ╳ 100 ╳ 300mm.
2) homogenizing is processed: 250 ℃ of insulations 22 hours, shrend cooled to room temperature.
3) rolling Zn-22Al alloy side ingot casting under 250 ℃, obtaining thickness is the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained slab of 20mm, is machined into external diameter 20mm, the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of internal diameter 12mm, and it is long to be cut into 30cm.
4) at long delay powder for filling 30g in the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of 30cm, sealed tube two ends.
5) the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of delay powder is housed by the order drawing of aperture 18mm, 16mm, 14mm, 12mm, 10mm, 8mm, 6mm, 4.6mm, makes external diameter 4.6mm, include the Zn-22Al alloy delay element of delay powder core.
6) be cut into the Zn-22Al alloy delay element of 5mm according to the defer time needs.
Embodiment 3
1) the Zn-22Al alloy circle ingot casting of the standby external diameter 60mm of liquid forging legal system.
2) homogenizing is processed: 200 ℃ of insulations 22 hours, shrend cooled to room temperature.
3) extruding Zn-22Al alloy circle ingot casting under 200 ℃, obtain external diameter 16mm, the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of internal diameter 12mm, and it is long to be cut into 40cm.
4) at long delay powder for filling 40g in the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of 40cm, sealed tube two ends.
5) the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of delay powder is housed by the order drawing of aperture 18mm, 16mm, 14mm, 12mm, 10mm, 8mm, 6mm, 4.6mm, makes external diameter 4.6mm, include the Zn-22Al alloy delay element of delay powder core.
6) be cut into the Zn-22Al alloy delay element of 4mm according to the defer time needs.
Embodiment 4
1) will cast the Zn-22Al alloy circle ingot casting that the Zn-22Al alloy for preparing is squeezed into external diameter 80mm.
2) at room temperature push Zn-22Al alloy circle ingot casting, obtain external diameter 16mm, the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of internal diameter 12mm, and it is long to be cut into 50cm.
3) at long delay powder for filling 50g in the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of 50cm, sealed tube two ends.
4) the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of delay powder is housed by the order drawing of aperture 18mm, 16mm, 14mm, 12mm, 10mm, 8mm, 6mm, 4.6mm, makes external diameter 3.6mm, include the Zn-22Al alloy delay element of delay powder core.
5) be cut into the Zn-22Al alloy delay element of 6mm according to the defer time needs.
Embodiment 5
1) will cast the Zn-22Al alloy circle ingot casting that the Zn-22Al alloy for preparing is squeezed into external diameter 100mm.
2) at room temperature push Zn-22Al alloy circle ingot casting, obtain external diameter 20mm, the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of internal diameter 10mm, and it is long to be cut into 30cm.
3) the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe that will grow for 30cm is machined into external diameter 16mm, the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of internal diameter 12mm.
4) delay powder of filling 30g in the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe after mechanical workout, sealed tube two ends.
5) the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of delay powder is housed by the order drawing of aperture 18mm, 16mm, 14mm, 12mm, 10mm, 8mm, 6mm, 4.6mm, makes external diameter 3.6mm, include the Zn-22Al alloy delay element of delay powder core.
6) be cut into the Zn-22Al alloy delay element of 2mm according to the defer time needs.
Embodiment 6
1) buy the Zn-22Al alloy circle ingot casting of As-extruded external diameter 120mm.
2) type rolls Zn-22Al alloy circle ingot casting, obtains external diameter 16mm, the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of internal diameter 12mm, and it is long to be cut into 30cm.
3) delay powder of filling 30g in Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe, sealed tube two ends.
4) the Zn-22Al alloy Ultra-fine Grained blank pipe of delay powder is housed by the order drawing of aperture 18mm, 16mm, 14mm, 12mm, 10mm, 8mm, 6mm, 4.6mm, makes external diameter 3.6mm, include the Zn-22Al alloy delay element of delay powder core.
5) be cut into the Zn-22Al alloy delay element of 2mm according to the defer time needs.
Claims (4)
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| CN 201110395268 CN102409275B (en) | 2011-12-02 | 2011-12-02 | Preparation method of superfine crystal lead-free delay element for detonator |
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| CN 201110395268 CN102409275B (en) | 2011-12-02 | 2011-12-02 | Preparation method of superfine crystal lead-free delay element for detonator |
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| CN102409275B true CN102409275B (en) | 2013-06-19 |
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| CN102689152B (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2014-12-10 | 西南大学 | Liquid die forging rolling compound forming method for 2014 aluminium alloy large ring member with different cross sections |
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| CN103667792B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-17 | 福州博德新材料科技有限公司 | Zinc aluminum based alloy extruded tube for delay element of industrial delay detonator and preparation method of zinc aluminum based alloy extruded tube |
| CN106086521B (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-03-20 | 福州大学 | A kind of allumen pipe composition design and preparation method thereof |
| CN111139413B (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2021-06-08 | 南京理工大学 | Method for improving service performance of superplastic forming part |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102173971A (en) * | 2011-01-08 | 2011-09-07 | 山东圣世达化工有限责任公司 | Manufacturing method of micro lead delay detonating detonator |
| CN201993051U (en) * | 2011-01-08 | 2011-09-28 | 山东圣世达化工有限责任公司 | Unleaded delay nonel detonator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102173971A (en) * | 2011-01-08 | 2011-09-07 | 山东圣世达化工有限责任公司 | Manufacturing method of micro lead delay detonating detonator |
| CN201993051U (en) * | 2011-01-08 | 2011-09-28 | 山东圣世达化工有限责任公司 | Unleaded delay nonel detonator |
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