CN102403944B - Variable speed constant frequency method for wind power generation and device thereof - Google Patents
Variable speed constant frequency method for wind power generation and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102403944B CN102403944B CN201110213446.9A CN201110213446A CN102403944B CN 102403944 B CN102403944 B CN 102403944B CN 201110213446 A CN201110213446 A CN 201110213446A CN 102403944 B CN102403944 B CN 102403944B
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- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of wind power generation, particularly to a variable speed constant frequency method for wind power generation and a device thereof; the variable speed constant frequency method obtains signals of wind speed, rotating speed of a wind wheel and the rotating speed of a generator by monitoring, and inputs the signals to a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) controller; the PLC controller calculates according to certain control algorithm and outputs displacement control signal to regulate the displacement of variable hydraulic pumps and variable hydraulic motors, thereby regulating the rotating speed of the wind wheel to follow the wind speed to operate at variable speed, and regulating the generator to operate at constant frequency; the variable speed constant frequency device comprises a wind wheel, two variable hydraulic pumps, two variable hydraulic motors and a generator; a three-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve is used for controlling the type and the number of the variable hydraulic pumps in real work; and a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve is used for controlling the type and the number of the variable hydraulic motors in real work. The method and device provided by the invention realize variable speed constant frequency power generation of a wind power generation device by regulating the displacement of the variable hydraulic pumps and the variable hydraulic motors, thus improving energy capture efficiency and achieving stable energy output of the generator.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wind power generation field, be specifically related to a kind of variable speed constant frequency method for wind power generation and device thereof.
Background technology
In wind power generation, when wind-driven generator and electrical network parallel running, require wind-powered electricity generation frequency and the mains frequency of output to be consistent, the wind-powered electricity generation frequency of output keeps constant.Wind power generation comprises constant-speed and constant-frequency generating and two kinds of generation modes of variable speed constant frequency generator.Wherein, constant-speed and constant-frequency generating refers in wind power generation process, keeps generator speed constant, the electric energy that generator output frequency is constant; Variable speed constant frequency generator refers in wind power generation process, the rotating speed of generator can change with the variation of wind speed, by certain control method, make the constant electric energy of generator output frequency, variable speed constant frequency generator is a kind of new-generation mode growing up for 20 end of the centurys.
Publication number is the patent of invention of CN101350589A, disclose a kind of based on hydraulicdriven current power generation speed-changing constant frequency method and device thereof, this invention adopts hydraulic transmission mode to carry out the conversion of energy, by the discharge capacity to volume adjustable hydraulic pump, variable hydraulic motor, regulates the speed change and the constant frequency that realize power generation device from sea current to turn round.The shortcoming of foregoing invention is: 1,, after the volume adjustable hydraulic pump in power generation device from sea current, the selected model of variable hydraulic motor, discharge capacity degree of regulation and the adjustable range of volume adjustable hydraulic pump, variable hydraulic motor are also just decided and can not be changed; If 2 seawater velocities change hour, the discharge capacity degree of regulation of fixed volume adjustable hydraulic pump and variable hydraulic motor can not adapt to the less variation of seawater velocity, can not guarantee the running precision of variable speed constant frequency; When if 3 seawater velocities change greatly, the discharge capacity of volume adjustable hydraulic pump and variable hydraulic motor need to significantly regulate, the discharge capacity adjustable range that has exceeded fixed volume adjustable hydraulic pump, variable hydraulic motor, can not guarantee the running precision of variable speed constant frequency equally.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of variable speed constant frequency method for wind power generation and device thereof, the wind energy of wind wheel being caught by hydraulicdriven mode is delivered to generator end for generating, simultaneously by regulating the discharge capacity of two volume adjustable hydraulic pumps and two variable hydraulic motors to realize the variable speed constant frequency generator of wind power generation plant, improve the energy capture efficiency of wind power generation plant, realized the energy stabilization output of generator.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
, specific as follows:
1) wind generator system is used hydraulic transmission, the mechanical energy of wind wheel input is converted to hydraulic energy by volume adjustable hydraulic pump to be exported, again the hydraulic energy of input variable hydraulic motor is converted to mechanical energy and exports to generator, last generator is converted to electric energy output by the mechanical energy of input; Anemobiagraph is installed on engine room cover top and is carried out measuring wind, a speed probe is installed respectively on wind wheel main shaft and generator shaft; PLC controller is electrically connected with wind speed round transducer, generator speed transducer, anemobiagraph, the variable displacement mechanism of volume adjustable hydraulic pump and the variable displacement mechanism of variable hydraulic motor respectively;
2) hydraulic transmission uses volume adjustable hydraulic pump that two discharge capacity adjustable ranges are different as input, uses variable displacement motor that two discharge capacity adjustable ranges are different as output; By controlling a 3-position-3-way solenoid directional control valve, control model and the number of actual volume adjustable hydraulic pump of devoting oneself to work, control model and number that a 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve is controlled actual variable hydraulic motor of devoting oneself to work;
3) the wind speed round n that wind speed v signal anemobiagraph being recorded and wind speed round transducer record
wsignal input PLC controller, PLC controller, according to predefined algorithm, calculates and optimum tip-speed ratio λ
optcorresponding wind wheel optimized rotating speed n
opt; By wind wheel optimized rotating speed n
optthe wind speed round n going out with actual measurement
wcompare, calculate both rotating speed deviation n
we, then according to rotating speed deviation n
weby control algolithm, calculate the displacement control signal q of volume adjustable hydraulic pump
p; Finally, with displacement control signal q
pwith the discharge capacity adjustable range of two volume adjustable hydraulic pumps be foundation, according to selective rule, model and the number of the volume adjustable hydraulic pump that meets displacement control requirement selected in judgement, by controlling 3-position-3-way solenoid directional control valve, realize commutation action, control selected volume adjustable hydraulic pump and devote oneself to work and it is carried out to discharge capacity adjusting; By the discharge capacity to volume adjustable hydraulic pump, regulate, realized the adjusting to the countertorque in volume adjustable hydraulic pump rotating shaft, and then realized the adjusting to wind speed round;
The principle of the actual volume adjustable hydraulic pump of devoting oneself to work of described selection is: preset a, b, c between three sections of discharge capacity regulatory regions, wherein between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of a is minimum, and between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of c is maximum, and between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of b is placed in the middle; Required regulated variable hydraulic pressure pump delivery a between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position-3-way electromagnetic switch valve events the volume adjustable hydraulic pump that discharge capacity adjustable range is little is devoted oneself to work, thereby keep degree of regulation; Required regulated variable hydraulic pressure pump delivery b between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position-3-way electromagnetic switch valve events the volume adjustable hydraulic pump that discharge capacity adjustable range is large is devoted oneself to work; If required regulated variable hydraulic pressure pump delivery c between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position-3-way electromagnetic switch valve events two volume adjustable hydraulic pumps is devoted oneself to work simultaneously;
4) rotation speed n of magneto alternator generator speed transducer being recorded
gsignal input PLC controller, PLC controller is by the rated speed n of expectation
gNgenerator speed n with actual measurement
gcompare, obtain rotating speed deviation n
ge, then according to rotating speed deviation n
geby control algolithm, calculate the displacement control signal q of variable hydraulic motor
m; Finally, with displacement control signal q
mwith the discharge capacity adjustable range of two variable hydraulic motors be foundation, according to selective rule, model and the number of the variable hydraulic motor that meets displacement control requirement selected in judgement, by controlling 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve, realize commutation action, control selected variable hydraulic motor and devote oneself to work and it is carried out to discharge capacity adjusting; By the discharge capacity to variable hydraulic motor, regulate, realized the adjusting to variable hydraulic motor rotating speed, also realized the rotational speed regulation to magneto alternator, make the invariablenes turning speed of magneto alternator at rated speed n
gN, and then make magneto alternator can send the electric energy of constant frequency, reached the object of variable speed constant frequency generator;
The principle of the actual variable hydraulic motor of devoting oneself to work of described selection is: preset d, e, f between three sections of discharge capacity regulatory regions, wherein between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of d is minimum, and between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of f is maximum, and between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of e is placed in the middle; The discharge capacity of required regulated variable hydraulic motor is d between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position 4-way electromagnetic switch valve events the variable hydraulic motor that discharge capacity adjustable range is little is devoted oneself to work, thereby keep degree of regulation; The discharge capacity of required regulated variable hydraulic motor is e between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position 4-way electromagnetic switch valve events the variable hydraulic motor that discharge capacity adjustable range is large is devoted oneself to work; The discharge capacity of required regulated variable hydraulic motor is f between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position 4-way electromagnetic switch valve events two variable hydraulic motors are devoted oneself to work simultaneously.
A speed change constance speed Device, described device comprises wind wheel, two volume adjustable hydraulic pumps, two variable hydraulic motors and generator; The rotating shaft of described wind wheel connects the rotating shaft of the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump and the rotating shaft of the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump successively, and the rotating shaft of the first variable hydraulic motor connects the rotating shaft of the second variable hydraulic motor and the rotating shaft of generator successively.The input port of the input port of described the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump and described the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump is all connected with fuel tank, the delivery outlet of the delivery outlet of described the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump and described the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump is connected on the A mouth and B mouth of 3-position-3-way solenoid directional control valve, and the C mouth of 3-position-3-way solenoid directional control valve is connected with fuel tank; The delivery outlet of the delivery outlet of described the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump and described the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump is all connected with the G mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve by unidirectional valve.The input port of the input port of described the first variable hydraulic motor and described the second variable hydraulic motor is connected on the D mouth and E mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve, the F mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve and being connected of fuel tank; The delivery outlet of the delivery outlet of described the first variable hydraulic motor and described the second variable hydraulic motor is all connected with fuel tank.On the pipeline being connected at the delivery outlet of unidirectional valve and the G mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve, be provided with an accumulator, described accumulator is connected with the delivery outlet of unidirectional valve by a break valve.PLC controller is electrically connected with the change discharge capacity actuator of anemobiagraph, wind speed round transducer, generator speed transducer, two volume adjustable hydraulic pumps and the change discharge capacity actuator of two variable hydraulic motors respectively.
Further, in the exit of described unidirectional valve, be provided with a safety valve, the delivery outlet of described safety valve is connected with fuel tank.
Further, the delivery outlet of the delivery outlet of described the first variable hydraulic motor and described the second variable hydraulic motor is connected with fuel tank by a cooler respectively.
Further, the input port of the input port of described the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump and described the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump is connected with fuel tank by the first oil filter respectively, and the F mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve is connected with fuel tank by the second oil filter.
Adopt the present invention to there is following beneficial effect:
1, a kind of variable speed constant frequency method for wind power generation of the present invention and device thereof, the variable speed constant frequency that discharge capacity by regulated variable hydraulic pump and variable hydraulic motor realizes wind power generation plant turns round, and has two kinds of effects: 1) by wind speed round, follow wind speed variable-speed operation and can realize the maximum power of wind wheel and catch; 2) by generator constant frequency, move, wind-powered electricity generation frequency and the mains frequency of output are consistent.
2, a kind of variable speed constant frequency method for wind power generation of the present invention and device thereof, adopt the structure of bivariate pump bivariate motor, make system adjustable range wider, and when discharge capacity regulates in more among a small circle, degree of regulation is higher, simple and reliable, and energy loses lessly in transmittance process, thereby electricity generation system has higher efficiency.
3, a kind of variable speed constant frequency method for wind power generation of the present invention and device thereof, adopt hydraulic energy transfer mode, can not only transmitting large torque, and be flexible transmission, can export by firm power, compare the speed-changing constant frequency method based on electric means, based on hydraulicdriven speed-changing constant frequency method, make the changed speed operation of wind power generation plant and energy transmission export more steady.
4, a kind of variable speed constant frequency method for wind power generation of the present invention and device thereof, overcome the unfavorable factor that wind energy conversion system gearbox drive failure rate is high and direct driving motor volume is too large; Not only omitted frequency converter, and the output speed of generator can be stabilized near rated value, wind power generation pattern revert to synchronous generator constant-speed operation and directly to the pattern of mains supply, has greatly simplified the complete machine structure of Wind turbine simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the control principle drawing of a kind of variable speed constant frequency method for wind power generation of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of a kind of wind power generation speed change constance speed Device of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the tip speed ratio λ of wind wheel and the energy capture rate C of wind wheel
pbetween graph of relation.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing 1., the variable speed constant frequency of realizing wind generator system by method as described below turns round.
1) wind generator system is used hydraulic transmission, the mechanical energy of wind wheel input is converted to hydraulic energy by volume adjustable hydraulic pump to be exported, again the hydraulic energy of input variable hydraulic motor is converted to mechanical energy and exports to generator, last generator is converted to electric energy output by the mechanical energy of input; Anemobiagraph is installed on engine room cover top and is carried out measuring wind, a speed probe is installed respectively on wind wheel main shaft and generator shaft; PLC controller is electrically connected with wind speed round transducer, generator speed transducer, anemobiagraph, the variable displacement mechanism of volume adjustable hydraulic pump and the variable displacement mechanism of variable hydraulic motor respectively.
2) hydraulic transmission uses volume adjustable hydraulic pump that two discharge capacity adjustable ranges are different as input, uses variable displacement motor that two discharge capacity adjustable ranges are different as output; By controlling a 3-position-3-way solenoid directional control valve, control model and the number of actual volume adjustable hydraulic pump of devoting oneself to work, control model and number that a 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve is controlled actual variable hydraulic motor of devoting oneself to work.
3) the wind speed round n that wind speed v signal anemobiagraph being recorded and wind speed round transducer record
wsignal input PLC controller, PLC controller is according to predefined wind wheel optimum speed n
optcalculation procedure, calculates and optimum tip-speed ratio λ
optcorresponding wind wheel optimized rotating speed n
opt, optimum tip-speed ratio λ in PLC controller
optbe stored as a constant; By wind wheel optimized rotating speed n
optthe wind speed round n going out with actual measurement
wcompare, calculate both rotating speed deviation n
we, then according to rotating speed deviation n
we, by the Digital PID Algorithm of PLC controller storage inside, calculate the displacement control signal q of volume adjustable hydraulic pump
p; Finally, with displacement control signal q
pwith the discharge capacity adjustable range of two volume adjustable hydraulic pumps be foundation, according to volume adjustable hydraulic pump selective rule, model and the number of the volume adjustable hydraulic pump that meets displacement control requirement selected in judgement, by controlling 3-position-3-way solenoid directional control valve, realize commutation action, control selected volume adjustable hydraulic pump and devote oneself to work and it is carried out to discharge capacity adjusting.
Select the principle of actual volume adjustable hydraulic pump of devoting oneself to work to be:
Preset a, b, c between three sections of discharge capacity regulatory regions, wherein between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of a is minimum, and between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of c is maximum, and between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of b is placed in the middle.If required regulated variable hydraulic pressure pump delivery a between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position-3-way electromagnetic switch valve events the volume adjustable hydraulic pump that discharge capacity adjustable range is little is devoted oneself to work, thereby keep degree of regulation.If required regulated variable hydraulic pressure pump delivery b between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position-3-way electromagnetic switch valve events the volume adjustable hydraulic pump that discharge capacity adjustable range is large is devoted oneself to work.If required regulated variable hydraulic pressure pump delivery c between discharge capacity regulatory region, the discharge capacity adjustable range of a volume adjustable hydraulic pump is not enough to meet discharge capacity and regulates requirement, controls 3-position-3-way electromagnetic switch valve events two volume adjustable hydraulic pumps are devoted oneself to work simultaneously.
By the discharge capacity to volume adjustable hydraulic pump, regulate, realized the adjusting to the countertorque in volume adjustable hydraulic pump rotating shaft, and then realized the adjusting to wind speed round, control the variation that wind speed round is followed wind speed all the time, run on all the time optimum tip-speed ratio λ
optplace, realizes the maximum power of wind wheel and catches, and improves the energy capture efficiency of wind wheel.
4) rotation speed n of magneto alternator generator speed transducer being recorded
gsignal input PLC controller, PLC controller is by the rated speed n of expectation
gNgenerator speed n with actual measurement
gcompare, obtain rotating speed deviation n
ge, then according to rotating speed deviation n
ge, by the Digital PID Algorithm of PLC controller storage inside, calculate the displacement control signal q of variable hydraulic motor
m; Finally, with displacement control signal q
mwith the discharge capacity adjustable range of two variable hydraulic motors be foundation, according to variable hydraulic motor selective rule, model and the number of the variable hydraulic motor that meets displacement control requirement selected in judgement, by controlling 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve, realize commutation action, control selected variable hydraulic motor and devote oneself to work and it is carried out to discharge capacity adjusting.
Select the principle of actual variable hydraulic motor of devoting oneself to work to be:
Preset d, e, f between three sections of discharge capacity regulatory regions, wherein between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of d is minimum, and between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of f is maximum, and between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of e is placed in the middle.If the discharge capacity of required regulated variable hydraulic motor is d between discharge capacity regulatory region, control 3-position 4-way electromagnetic switch valve events the variable hydraulic motor that discharge capacity adjustable range is little is devoted oneself to work, thereby keep degree of regulation.If the discharge capacity of required regulated variable hydraulic motor is e between discharge capacity regulatory region, control 3-position 4-way electromagnetic switch valve events the variable hydraulic motor that discharge capacity adjustable range is large is devoted oneself to work.If the discharge capacity of required regulated variable hydraulic motor is f between discharge capacity regulatory region, the discharge capacity adjustable range of a variable hydraulic motor is not enough to meet discharge capacity and regulates requirement, controls 3-position 4-way electromagnetic switch valve events two variable hydraulic motors are devoted oneself to work simultaneously.
The change of variable displacercent pump and rotating speed, changes the fluid flow Q that causes flowing out from volume adjustable hydraulic pump.By flow Q and variable hydraulic motor discharge capacity q
mand variable hydraulic motor rotation speed n
mbe related to Q=q
mn
mknown, when flowing through the flow change of variable hydraulic motor, by changing the discharge capacity q of variable hydraulic motor
mjust can keep the rotating speed of variable hydraulic motor constant, thus the magneto alternator invariablenes turning speed that maintenance is connected with variable hydraulic motor, and magneto alternator remains on rated speed n
gN, reach the object of variable speed constant frequency generator.
With reference to accompanying drawing 2.A speed change constance speed Device, this device comprises wind wheel 10, two volume adjustable hydraulic pumps, two variable hydraulic motors and generator 20, described generator 20 is magneto alternator.Described wind power generation speed change constance speed Device adopts hydraulic transmission transferring energy, wherein, the rotating shaft of described wind wheel 10 connects the rotating shaft of the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump 31 and the rotating shaft of the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump 32 successively, and the rotating shaft of the first variable hydraulic motor 41 connects the rotating shaft of the second variable hydraulic motor 42 and the rotating shaft of generator 20 successively.
Described the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump 31 input port is connected with fuel tank 50 by the first oil filter 92 respectively with described the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump 32 input port, the delivery outlet of the delivery outlet of described the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump 31 and described the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump 32 is connected on the A mouth and B mouth of 3-position-3-way solenoid directional control valve 61, and the C mouth of 3-position-3-way solenoid directional control valve 61 is connected with fuel tank; The delivery outlet of the delivery outlet of described the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump 31 and described the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump 32 is all connected with the G mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 63 by unidirectional valve 62.
Described the first variable hydraulic motor 41 input port and described the second variable hydraulic motor 42 input port are connected on the D mouth and E mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 63, and the F mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 63 is connected with fuel tank by the second oil filter 93; The delivery outlet of the delivery outlet of described the first variable hydraulic motor 41 and described the second variable hydraulic motor 42 is all connected with fuel tank 50; The delivery outlet of the delivery outlet of described the first variable hydraulic motor 41 and described the second variable hydraulic motor 42 is connected with fuel tank by a cooler 91 respectively.
On the pipeline being connected at the delivery outlet of unidirectional valve 62 and the G mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 63, be provided with an accumulator 70, described accumulator 70 is connected with the delivery outlet of unidirectional valve 62 by a break valve 64; In described unidirectional valve 62 exit, be provided with a safety valve 65, the delivery outlet of described safety valve 65 is connected with fuel tank.
PLC controller respectively with anemobiagraph 81, wind speed round transducer 82, generator speed transducer 83, two the change discharge capacity actuators of volume adjustable hydraulic pump and the electrical connections of the change discharge capacity actuator of two variable hydraulic motors.
In wind power generation speed change constance speed Device, 3-position-3-way solenoid directional control valve 61 is for controlling actual volume adjustable hydraulic pump model and number of devoting oneself to work, and 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 63 is for controlling actual variable hydraulic motor model and number of devoting oneself to work.Unidirectional valve 62 prevents in hydraulic transmission the fluid volume adjustable hydraulic pump that flows backwards back.Safety valve 65 is for preventing hydraulic transmission hypertonia.Accumulator 70 can store unnecessary fluid, plays again the effect that the pressure oscillation of buffering hydraulic transmission device is impacted.Break valve 64 can seal hydraulic oil liquid when hydraulic transmission is installed and keep in repair.Cooler 91 is cooling by the fluid flowing out from variable hydraulic motor, so as fluid again entering variable hydraulic pump recycle.
The operation principle of described wind power generation speed change constance speed Device is:
With reference to accompanying drawing 3.By the relation curve between the tip speed ratio of wind wheel and the energy capture efficiency of wind wheel, illustrate by wind wheel variable-speed operation and realize the theoretical foundation that maximum power is caught, as described below:
When tip speed ratio λ (ratio of the linear velocity of wind wheel blade tip and wind speed) equals optimum tip-speed ratio λ
opttime, the energy capture rate C of wind wheel
pcan get maximum C
pmax.By λ=2 π n
w(wherein v is wind speed to R/ (60v), the radius that R is wind wheel, n
wrotating speed for wind wheel), known below rated wind speed, when wind speed v changes, change the rotation speed n of wind wheel
wjust can maintain tip speed ratio λ in optimum tip-speed ratio λ
optplace, thus guarantee that wind wheel catches power maximum.To remove to change along with the change of wind speed the rotating speed of wind wheel, can be by changing the countertorque T in volume adjustable hydraulic pump rotating shaft
prealize.And countertorque T
p=p
pq
p/ (2 π), wherein p
pfor the outlet pressure of volume adjustable hydraulic pump, q
pfor the discharge capacity of volume adjustable hydraulic pump, p
pbe that load by electricity generation system determines, and the load of electricity generation system can be considered constant, therefore regulated variable hydraulic pressure pump delivery q
pjust can change the countertorque T in volume adjustable hydraulic pump rotating shaft
p, and then change the rotating speed of wind wheel, reach the rated wind speed object that wind wheel maximum power is caught when following.
Claims (5)
1. a variable speed constant frequency method for wind power generation, is characterized in that:
1) wind generator system is used hydraulic transmission, the mechanical energy of wind wheel input is converted to hydraulic energy by volume adjustable hydraulic pump to be exported, again the hydraulic energy of input variable hydraulic motor is converted to mechanical energy and exports to generator, last generator is converted to electric energy output by the mechanical energy of input; Anemobiagraph is installed on engine room cover top and is carried out measuring wind, a speed probe is installed respectively on wind wheel main shaft and generator shaft; PLC controller is electrically connected with wind speed round transducer, generator speed transducer, anemobiagraph, the variable displacement mechanism of volume adjustable hydraulic pump and the variable displacement mechanism of variable hydraulic motor respectively;
2) hydraulic transmission uses volume adjustable hydraulic pump that two discharge capacity adjustable ranges are different as input, uses variable displacement motor that two discharge capacity adjustable ranges are different as output; By controlling a 3-position-3-way solenoid directional control valve, control model and the number of actual volume adjustable hydraulic pump of devoting oneself to work, control model and number that a 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve is controlled actual variable hydraulic motor of devoting oneself to work;
3) the wind speed round n that wind speed v signal anemobiagraph being recorded and wind speed round transducer record
wsignal input PLC controller, PLC controller, according to predefined algorithm, calculates and optimum tip-speed ratio λ
optcorresponding wind wheel optimized rotating speed n
opt; By wind wheel optimized rotating speed n
optthe wind speed round n going out with actual measurement
wcompare, calculate both rotating speed deviation n
we, then according to rotating speed deviation n
weby control algolithm, calculate the displacement control signal q of volume adjustable hydraulic pump
p; Finally, with displacement control signal q
pwith the discharge capacity adjustable range of two volume adjustable hydraulic pumps be foundation, according to selective rule, model and the number of the volume adjustable hydraulic pump that meets displacement control requirement selected in judgement, by controlling 3-position-3-way solenoid directional control valve, realize commutation action, control selected volume adjustable hydraulic pump and devote oneself to work and it is carried out to discharge capacity adjusting; By the discharge capacity to volume adjustable hydraulic pump, regulate, realized the adjusting to the countertorque in volume adjustable hydraulic pump rotating shaft, and then realized the adjusting to wind speed round;
The principle of the actual volume adjustable hydraulic pump of devoting oneself to work of described selection is: preset a, b, c between three sections of discharge capacity regulatory regions, wherein between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of a is minimum, and between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of c is maximum, and between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of b is placed in the middle; Required regulated variable hydraulic pressure pump delivery a between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position-3-way electromagnetic switch valve events the volume adjustable hydraulic pump that discharge capacity adjustable range is little is devoted oneself to work, thereby keep degree of regulation; Required regulated variable hydraulic pressure pump delivery b between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position-3-way electromagnetic switch valve events the volume adjustable hydraulic pump that discharge capacity adjustable range is large is devoted oneself to work; If required regulated variable hydraulic pressure pump delivery c between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position-3-way electromagnetic switch valve events two volume adjustable hydraulic pumps is devoted oneself to work simultaneously;
4) rotation speed n of magneto alternator generator speed transducer being recorded
gsignal input PLC controller, PLC controller is by the rated speed n of expectation
gNgenerator speed n with actual measurement
gcompare, obtain rotating speed deviation n
ge, then according to rotating speed deviation n
geby control algolithm, calculate the displacement control signal q of variable hydraulic motor
m; Finally, with displacement control signal q
mwith the discharge capacity adjustable range of two variable hydraulic motors be foundation, according to selective rule, model and the number of the variable hydraulic motor that meets displacement control requirement selected in judgement, by controlling 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve, realize commutation action, control selected variable hydraulic motor and devote oneself to work and it is carried out to discharge capacity adjusting; By the discharge capacity to variable hydraulic motor, regulate, realized the adjusting to variable hydraulic motor rotating speed, also realized the rotational speed regulation to magneto alternator, make the invariablenes turning speed of magneto alternator at rated speed n
gN, and then make magneto alternator can send the electric energy of constant frequency, reached the object of variable speed constant frequency generator;
The principle of the actual variable hydraulic motor of devoting oneself to work of described selection is: preset d, e, f between three sections of discharge capacity regulatory regions, wherein between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of d is minimum, and between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of f is maximum, and between discharge capacity regulatory region, the scope of e is placed in the middle; The discharge capacity of required regulated variable hydraulic motor is d between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position 4-way electromagnetic switch valve events the variable hydraulic motor that discharge capacity adjustable range is little is devoted oneself to work, thereby keep degree of regulation; The discharge capacity of required regulated variable hydraulic motor is e between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position 4-way electromagnetic switch valve events the variable hydraulic motor that discharge capacity adjustable range is large is devoted oneself to work; The discharge capacity of required regulated variable hydraulic motor is f between discharge capacity regulatory region, controls 3-position 4-way electromagnetic switch valve events two variable hydraulic motors are devoted oneself to work simultaneously.
2. a wind power generation speed change constance speed Device, is characterized in that: described device comprises wind wheel (10), two volume adjustable hydraulic pumps, two variable hydraulic motors and generator (20); The rotating shaft of described wind wheel (10) connects the rotating shaft of the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump (31) and the rotating shaft of the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump (32) successively, and the rotating shaft of the first variable hydraulic motor (41) connects the rotating shaft of the second variable hydraulic motor (42) and the rotating shaft of generator (20) successively;
The input port of the input port of described the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump (31) and described the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump (32) is all connected with fuel tank (50), the delivery outlet of the delivery outlet of described the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump (31) and described the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump (32) is connected on the A mouth and B mouth of 3-position-3-way solenoid directional control valve (61), and the C mouth of 3-position-3-way solenoid directional control valve (61) is connected with fuel tank; The delivery outlet of the delivery outlet of described the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump (31) and described the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump (32) is all connected with the G mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (63) by unidirectional valve (62);
The input port of the input port of described the first variable hydraulic motor (41) and described the second variable hydraulic motor (42) is connected on the D mouth and E mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (63), and the F mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (63) is connected with fuel tank; The delivery outlet of the delivery outlet of described the first variable hydraulic motor (41) and described the second variable hydraulic motor (42) is all connected with fuel tank (50);
On the pipeline being connected at the delivery outlet of unidirectional valve (62) and the G mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (63), be provided with an accumulator (70), described accumulator (70) is connected with the delivery outlet of unidirectional valve (62) by a break valve (64);
PLC controller is electrically connected with the change discharge capacity actuator of anemobiagraph (81), wind speed round transducer (82), generator speed transducer (83), two volume adjustable hydraulic pumps and the change discharge capacity actuator of two variable hydraulic motors respectively.
3. according to a kind of wind power generation speed change constance speed Device claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in the exit of described unidirectional valve (62), be provided with a safety valve (65), the delivery outlet of described safety valve (65) is connected with fuel tank.
4. according to a kind of wind power generation speed change constance speed Device described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: the delivery outlet of the delivery outlet of described the first variable hydraulic motor (41) and described the second variable hydraulic motor (42) is connected with fuel tank by a cooler (91) respectively.
5. according to a kind of wind power generation speed change constance speed Device claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the input port of the input port of described the first volume adjustable hydraulic pump (31) and described the second volume adjustable hydraulic pump (32) is connected with fuel tank by the first oil filter (92) respectively, and the F mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (63) is connected with fuel tank by the second oil filter (93).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN107269466A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-20 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of hydraulicdriven wind energy conversion system of feather and its control method |
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| CN107781111B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-05-28 | 燕山大学 | Energy storage type hydraulic wind power generating set primary frequency control system and control method |
| CN113153650A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-07-23 | 中国大唐集团新能源科学技术研究院有限公司 | Fault monitoring device of wind turbine generator and using method thereof |
| CN114321030A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-04-12 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Hydraulic power generation system and control method thereof |
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