CN102403886A - Method for protecting direct current line transient short-circuit fault of modular multiple-level converter - Google Patents
Method for protecting direct current line transient short-circuit fault of modular multiple-level converter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for protecting a direct current line transient short-circuit fault of a modular multiple-level converter, belonging to the technical field of direct current transmission. A group of two-way thyristor switch is connected on alternating current ports of each power unit of the modular multiple-level converter in parallel, when a direct current line has a transient short-circuit fault, control pulses of all of the power units are closed, and all of the two-way thyristor switches are triggered to be switched on at the same time, so that the short-circuit point of the direct current line is in natural arc extinction and disappears. When short-circuit current of the direct current line is detected to be zero, all of the two-way thyristor switches are controlled to be switched off, and the control pulses of all of the power units are opened, so that the converter runs again. With the adoption of the method, a switch device of the converter can be quickly protected from damage during a failure, and the direct current short-circuit point is in the natural arc extinction after failure, therefore, the device can automatically run again, thereby avoiding the complete off-stream of the device and greatly improving the reliability and the availability factor of the device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of guard method of DC line instantaneous short-circuit fault of modularization multi-level converter, relate in particular to guard method, belong to the direct current transportation technical field based on the short trouble in the flexible DC power transmission system of modularization multi-level converter.
Background technology
Flexible DC power transmission is amplitude and all controlled alternating voltage of phase place based on voltage source converter and pulse width modulating technology with the direct voltage inversion; And active power and the reactive power can independent quick control transmitted, greatly strengthened the flexibility of transmission of electricity.Modularization multi-level converter does not need switching device directly to connect, and can obtain excellent harmonic performance and drain performance through multilevel converter, is a kind of voltage source converter topological structure of using potential quality that has most in the flexible DC power transmission field.
In DC transmission system, exist various factors possibly cause DC line generation instantaneity short trouble.Especially when DC power transmission line adopts overhead wire; Reasons such as thunderbolt possibly cause the over-voltage breakdown of overhead line structures etc.; DC line instantaneity short trouble takes place, and cause the bigger overcurrent of appearance in the voltage source converter, to the power device safety generation threat of converter.Conventional overcurrent protection method is that the mode through the locking control impuls is all turn-offed all switching devices of voltage source converter.But when DC line generation instantaneity short trouble; Because the effect of the fly-wheel diode of voltage source converter; Voltage source converter will directly become one and not control rectifier bridge; Even through all switching devices of locking converter control pulse-off, the existence of rectifier bridge will cause short circuit current to flow through fly-wheel diode and instantaneous short-circuit point in the voltage source converter.The size of short circuit current depends on factors such as ac bus voltage, AC side system internal impedance and direct-current short circuit resistance.If cutting-off of short-circuit electric current rapidly, fly-wheel diode will cause damaging owing to bearing overcurrent.
More crucial is to cause the reason of DC line instantaneity short trouble to be generally the over-voltage breakdown that thunderbolt etc. causes.But because converter has been in and does not control rectification state behind the short trouble, still have direct voltage to be applied to short dot after the rectification, cause the short dot can't arc extinguishing.Even short circuit current can not disappear yet after causing the external factor of instantaneous short-circuit to disappear, cause very difficulty of error protection.Under the situation of DC line generation instantaneity short trouble, can only make converter break away from AC network ability cutting-off of short-circuit electric current at present through breaking off AC circuit breaker.But the disconnection of AC circuit breaker also means the thorough stoppage in transit of flexible DC power transmission system; Need can put into operation again through more complicated manual operation process; Cause the long-time stoppage in transit of DC transmission system; The power delivery loss that brings, and the reliability of flexible DC power transmission system and availability factor are greatly reduced.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of guard method of DC line instantaneous short-circuit fault of modularization multi-level converter; So that under the situation of DC line generation instantaneity short trouble, can protect the converter switching device can not damage fast because of bearing excessive short circuit current; Need not break off AC circuit breaker in dc system protection action and break away from electrical network, after the external factor that causes DC line generation short-time characteristic short trouble disappears, can make that converter is fast automatic to put into operation again.
The guard method of the DC line instantaneous short-circuit fault of the modularization multi-level converter that the present invention proposes may further comprise the steps:
(1) at each parallelly connected one group of bidirectional thyristor switch of interchange port of each power cell of modularization multi-level converter; One end of bidirectional thyristor switch is connected with the plus end of the power cell of modularization multi-level converter, and the other end of bidirectional thyristor switch is connected with the power cell negative terminal of modularization multi-level converter;
(2) the DC line current signal of acquisition module multilevel converter;
(3) under normal operating condition; The DC line current protection action threshold value of setting module multilevel converter; The DC line current signal of above-mentioned collection and the current protection action threshold ratio of setting are judged; If the DC line current signal then makes modularization multi-level converter maintain normal operating condition less than the current protection action threshold value of setting; If the DC line current signal then makes modularization multi-level converter get into guard mode more than or equal to the current protection action threshold value of setting;
(4) under guard mode; The DC line current protection of setting module multilevel converter returns threshold value; The DC line current signal of above-mentioned collection and the current protection of setting are returned judgement of threshold ratio,, make modularization multi-level converter maintain guard mode if the DC line current signal returns threshold value greater than the current protection of setting; Return threshold value if the DC line current signal is less than or equal to the current protection of setting, make modularization multi-level converter turn back to normal operating condition;
(5) when above-mentioned normal operating condition, on the bidirectional thyristor gate pole of modularization multi-level converter power cell, apply the zero level signal, apply control wave at the gate pole of the igbt of modularization multi-level converter power cell; When above-mentioned protection running status, on the bidirectional thyristor gate pole of modularization multi-level converter power cell, apply the triggering and conducting signal, apply the zero level signal at the gate pole of the igbt of modularization multi-level converter power cell.
The guard method of the DC line instantaneous short-circuit fault of the modularization multi-level converter that the present invention proposes; When DC line short circuit generation instantaneity short trouble; Through triggering the bidirectional thyristor switch conduction; Can short circuit current be transferred in the bidirectional thyristor switch fast the safety of the switching device in the protection converter power unit.Because behind the bidirectional thyristor switch conduction; Make the state of circuit become three-phase alternating-current supply direct short-circuit, the rectification state of having avoided fly-wheel diode to bring, the instantaneity short dot is owing to bear the alternating voltage natural arc extinguishing; The instantaneity short dot is by natural cut-out, and short circuit current disappears.After short dot breaks off, the vanishing of DC line short circuit current, de-preservation state immediately; The bidirectional thyristor switch is broken off; Open the control impuls of converter power unit, converter is put into operation automatically again, get back to the preceding state of short trouble naturally.In the whole protecting course of action, need not to break off AC circuit breaker, make device not need thorough stoppage in transit.Through method of the present invention; Promptly can between age at failure, protect the switching device of converter not to be damaged fast; Can after fault, make direct-current short circuit point natural arc extinguishing again; Device can be put into operation automatically fast again, avoid the thorough stoppage in transit of device, improve the reliability and the availability factor of device greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram that the guard method of the DC line instantaneous short-circuit fault of the modularization multi-level converter that proposes of the present invention relates to.
Fig. 2 is the schematic equivalent circuit behind the DC line generation instantaneity short trouble of modularization multi-level converter in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is the schematic equivalent circuit that adopts behind the DC line generation instantaneity short trouble of modularization multi-level converter after the inventive method.
Fig. 4 is all thyristor switchs schematic equivalent circuit after the conducting that is triggered when adopting the DC line generation instantaneity short trouble of modularization multi-level converter after the inventive method.
Embodiment
The DC line instantaneity short trouble guard method of the modularization multi-level converter that the present invention proposes may further comprise the steps:
(1) at each parallelly connected one group of bidirectional thyristor switch of interchange port of each power cell of modularization multi-level converter; One end of bidirectional thyristor switch is connected with the plus end of the power cell of modularization multi-level converter, and the other end of bidirectional thyristor switch is connected with the power cell negative terminal of modularization multi-level converter;
(2) the DC line current signal of acquisition module multilevel converter;
(3) under normal operating condition; The DC line current protection action threshold value of setting module multilevel converter; The DC line current signal of above-mentioned collection and the current protection action threshold ratio of setting are judged; If the DC line current signal then makes modularization multi-level converter maintain normal operating condition less than the current protection action threshold value of setting; If the DC line current signal then makes modularization multi-level converter get into guard mode more than or equal to the current protection action threshold value of setting;
(4) under guard mode; The DC line current protection of setting module multilevel converter returns threshold value; The DC line current signal of above-mentioned collection and the current protection of setting are returned judgement of threshold ratio,, make modularization multi-level converter maintain guard mode if the DC line current signal returns threshold value greater than the current protection of setting; Return threshold value if the DC line current signal is less than or equal to the current protection of setting, make modularization multi-level converter enter into normal operating condition;
(5) when above-mentioned normal operating condition, on the bidirectional thyristor gate pole of modularization multi-level converter power cell, apply the zero level signal, apply control wave at the gate pole of the igbt of modularization multi-level converter power cell; When above-mentioned protection running status, apply the triggering and conducting signal on the bidirectional thyristor gate pole of modularization multi-level converter power cell, apply the zero level signal at the gate pole of the igbt of modularization multi-level converter power cell.
Specify content of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The circuit diagram that the guard method of the DC line instantaneous short-circuit fault of the modularization multi-level converter that the present invention of being shown in Figure 1 proposes relates to; Each brachium pontis is made up of N power cell concatenated in order; 6 brachium pontis are formed modularization multi-level converter by mode shown in Figure 1, and the interchange port of converter is through AC circuit breaker incoming transport electrical network.Each power cell is by two igbt S1, S2, and two sustained diode 1, D2 and dc capacitor C constitute.
When the flexible DC power transmission system moves, because factors such as thunderbolt can produce overvoltage on the DC line shaft tower, after overvoltage causes that this puts the puncture of positive and negative direct-current polar road, will cause this DC line generation instantaneity short trouble, produce short circuit current.Short circuit current will cause the overcurrent protection action of converter, produce the pulse latch-up protection, make igbt S1 and S2 in all power cells be in off state.When not adopting method of the present invention, the converter equivalent electric circuit when DC line is short-circuited is as shown in Figure 2, and wherein diode D is equivalent to the series connection of sustained diode 2 in all power cells of this brachium pontis.The equivalent electric circuit that can find out Fig. 2 is a three-phase diode rectifier; Though the forward switch of all power cells turn-offs; But three-phase alternating-current supply still applies direct voltage through diode rectifier on the DC line short dot, and produces the direct-current short circuit electric current.The diode of each power cell will bear very large short circuit current, may cause the damage of diode.Another major issue is: even after factors such as Lightning Over-voltage disappear, because the existence of the direct voltage after the rectification, this short dot still can't arc extinguishing and cut-out, and the short circuit current of DC line still can't disappear.Have only in this case and break off the AC circuit breaker is connected with AC power, make the disconnection of converter and AC power, can make vanishing behind the short circuit current arc extinguishing, make the short dot recovery normally.But this will cause the thorough stoppage in transit of device.In case AC circuit breaker breaks off, device is put into operation again need be according to predetermined rules through manual operation, and the long-time stoppage in transit that this will bring device causes the long-time interruption of power delivery, and the reliability of flexible DC power transmission system and availability factor are greatly reduced.
In one embodiment of the invention, when DC line generation instantaneity short trouble, will protect according to following method:
(1) at each parallelly connected one group of bidirectional thyristor switch S CR1 of interchange port of each power cell of modularization multi-level converter; One end of bidirectional thyristor switch is connected with the plus end of the power cell of modularization multi-level converter, and the other end of bidirectional thyristor switch is connected with the power cell negative terminal of modularization multi-level converter;
(2) the DC line current signal I of acquisition module multilevel converter
d
(3) under normal operating condition, apply control wave at the gate pole of the igbt of modularization multi-level converter power cell, make the modularization multi-level converter normal operation.On the bidirectional thyristor gate pole of modularization multi-level converter power cell, apply the zero level signal, make bidirectional thyristor be in off state, for not influence of modularization multi-level converter normal operation.
(4) under normal operating condition, the DC line current protection of setting module multilevel converter action threshold value I
ActCurrent protection action threshold value I
ActGenerally can get specified DC line electric current 2～3 times.DC line current signal I with above-mentioned collection
dWith the current protection action threshold value I that sets
ActRelatively judge, if I
d＜I
Act, then make modularization multi-level converter maintain normal operating condition; If I
d>=I
Act, explain that DC line short circuit has taken place caused that direct current increases, then make the protection action, make modularization multi-level converter get into guard mode.
(5) in case get under the guard mode, the gate pole at the igbt of modularization multi-level converter power cell applies the zero level signal immediately, makes all power cells be in blocking.Apply the triggering and conducting signal on the bidirectional thyristor gate pole of modularization multi-level converter power cell immediately simultaneously, make the bidirectional thyristor conducting.Fig. 3 is the schematic equivalent circuit that adopts behind the DC line generation instantaneity short trouble of modularization multi-level converter after the inventive method.
Through triggering the bidirectional thyristor switch conduction, can short circuit current be transferred in the bidirectional thyristor fast, play the safety of the switching device in the protection converter power unit.As shown in Figure 4, owing to behind the bidirectional thyristor switch conduction, make the state of circuit become the connection reactance short circuit of three-phase alternating-current supply through converter, the rectification state of having avoided fly-wheel diode to bring.Because the state of circuit becomes the three-phase alternating-current supply short circuit, the DC side of modularization multi-level converter power cell also equivalence is to bear a smaller alternating voltage.Owing to cause the factor of instantaneity short trouble to disappear, instantaneity short dot point is owing to bear the alternating voltage natural arc extinguishing, and the instantaneity short dot is by natural cut-out, and short circuit current disappears.When the instantaneity short dot by natural cut-out, after short circuit current disappeared, modularization multi-level converter had possessed the guard mode of withdrawing from, and gets back to the condition of normal operating condition.
(6) the DC line current protection of setting module multilevel converter returns threshold value I
Ret, current protection returns threshold value I
RetGenerally should be made as and be slightly larger than zero value.DC line current signal I with above-mentioned collection
dReturn threshold ratio with the current protection of setting and judge, if I
d＞I
Ret, explain that then the instantaneity short dot does not also break off, and still makes modularization multi-level converter maintain guard mode.If I
d≤I
Ret, explain that then short circuit current disappears, the instantaneity short dot breaks off, and then makes modularization multi-level converter enter into normal operating condition;
The DC line instantaneity short trouble guard method of the modularization multi-level converter that proposes through the present invention; When DC line short circuit generation instantaneity short trouble; Promptly can between age at failure, protect the switching device of converter not to be damaged fast, can after fault, make direct-current short circuit point natural arc extinguishing again, device can be put into operation automatically fast again; Avoid the thorough stoppage in transit of device, improve the reliability and the availability factor of device greatly.
Claims (1)
1. the guard method of the DC line instantaneous short-circuit fault of a modularization multi-level converter is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) at each parallelly connected one group of bidirectional thyristor switch of interchange port of each power cell of modularization multi-level converter; One end of bidirectional thyristor switch is connected with the plus end of the power cell of modularization multi-level converter, and the other end of bidirectional thyristor switch is connected with the power cell negative terminal of modularization multi-level converter;
(2) the DC line current signal of acquisition module multilevel converter;
(3) under normal operating condition; Set the DC line current protection action threshold value of a modularization multi-level converter; The DC line current signal of above-mentioned collection and the current protection action threshold value of setting are compared; If the DC line current signal then makes modularization multi-level converter keep normal operation less than the current protection action threshold value of setting; If the DC line current signal then makes modularization multi-level converter get into guard mode more than or equal to the current protection action threshold value of setting;
(4) under guard mode; The DC line current protection of setting a modularization multi-level converter returns threshold value; The current protection of the DC line current signal of above-mentioned collection and setting is returned threshold value to be compared; If the DC line current signal returns threshold value greater than the current protection of setting; Then make modularization multi-level converter keep the guard mode operation, return threshold value, then make modularization multi-level converter get into the normal operating condition operation if the DC line current signal is less than or equal to the current protection of setting;
(5) when normal operating condition, on the bidirectional thyristor gate pole of modularization multi-level converter power cell, apply the zero level signal, apply control wave at the gate pole of the igbt of modularization multi-level converter power cell; When protection during running status, apply the triggering and conducting signal on the bidirectional thyristor gate pole of modularization multi-level converter power cell, apply the zero level signal at the gate pole of the igbt of modularization multi-level converter power cell.
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| CN103001520A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-03-27 | 清华大学 | Modularized multi-level three-phase voltage source converter |
| CN103066573A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-24 | 国网智能电网研究院 | Modular multi-level multi-terminal flexible direct current system direct current fault handling method |
| CN103107725A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-15 | 浙江大学 | Multi-level converter with direct current voltage reverse function |
| CN103959622A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2014-07-30 | Abb技术有限公司 | Method for eliminating an electric arc driven by at least one voltage source of an inverter circuit |
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| CN102856881B (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2015-01-21 | 华北电力大学 | Full-bridge MMC (multi-media card)-HVDC (high-voltage direct current) fault classification detection and protection method |
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