CN102400664A - Well completion process method for increasing gas production of ground horizontally butted well of soft coal stratum - Google Patents
Well completion process method for increasing gas production of ground horizontally butted well of soft coal stratum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a well completion process method for increasing gas production of a ground horizontally butted well of a soft coal stratum. The method comprises the following steps of: constructing a group of U-shaped horizontally butted well, wherein the horizontal parts are required to extend in soft coal, and the safety in a well is guaranteed by using a proper well drilling technology; then, gradually descending a special drilling tool and drilling bit into an expanding section of a vertical well along a horizontal well; and injecting sand grains of a certain specification along the drilling tool while pulling-out. Thus, the method has the following advantages of easiness in operation and promotion, capability of expanding a ground horizontally butted well drilling technology to a soft and loose coal stratum, and capability of greatly increasing the efficiency of coal bed gas drainage of a directionally butted well of the soft and loose coal stratum while expanding the application range of the ground horizontally butted well drilling technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of process method for well completion, especially relate to a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production.
Background technology
Along with rapid economy development, China is to being that main energy demand grows with each passing day with the coal.In this simultaneously, the energy-conservation and safety of coal mines angle from advocating environment protection, the cbm exploration development and use seem extremely urgent day by day.Wherein adopt ground level butt shaft technology to carry out the coal bed gas extraction; Extraction efficient is higher; Input and output are lower; Countries and regions such as the U.S., Australia, Europe, South Africa are fully used abroad, and basin, China Qinshui has also been obtained on the basis of better effect and also obtained continuous popularization, demonstrates the scene that multiple spot is bloomed.
Yet can carry out in the coal seam of gas utilization owing to adopting maybe in China; Absolute ratio is occupied in the soft low coal seam of passing through, and along with the continuous extension of the coal mining degree of depth, this ratio also will increase; China's coal bed gas complicated geological condition in addition; Cause ground level butt shaft technology to be difficult to obtain popularize to utilize, subject matter is presented as two aspects: or drilling well directed drilling smoothly, can not successfully dock; Even dock successfully, weak seam is easy to the hole of collapsing, and it is too poor that later stage row adopts gas production.All these have seriously restricted the original intention of China's high-efficiency mining coal bed gas.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves existing in prior technology to the hole of collapsing easily in the weak seam ground level butt shaft drilling process, causes the pore-forming difficulty, or the drilling well hole of collapsing after finishing, the technical problem that causes extraction efficient and extraction amount to cross to hang down etc.; A kind of popularization simple to operate, easy is provided; Can expand ground level butt shaft drilling technology to weak seam; When enlarging its range of application, a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production of the efficient of the directed butt shaft coal bed gas of very big weak seam extraction.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention mainly is able to solve through following technical proposals:
A kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1; One row of construction earlier adopts peupendicular hole and adopts the terminal construction of peupendicular hole one butt joint cave section row; Then at the horizontal well of constructing apart from the other certain distance of said peupendicular hole; Described horizontal well comprises peupendicular hole section, the section of turning round well section, transition level well section and Butt Section well section successively, and this transition level well section is arranged in the cherry coal stratum;
Step 2 is lowered to drilling tool gradually to row through horizontal well and adopts in the peupendicular hole;
Step 3 is injected sand grains through drilling tool when pulling out of hole.
The proposition of the invention property is one group of horizontal butt shaft of " U " type of construction earlier; Require horizontal component in cherry coal, to extend; Adopt suitable drilling technology to ensure safety in the well, then special drilling tool and drill bit be lowered to the expanding reach to peupendicular hole gradually along horizontal well, again in trip-out along the sand grains of drilling tool injection certain specification; Preventing that cherry coal from caving in stops up the later stage coal bed gas circulation adopted of row, and the efficient row who is beneficial to coal bed gas adopts.The principal character that improves the pore-forming technique method of cherry coal ground level butt shaft gas production be embodied in following some: the cherry coal section at peupendicular hole is lowered to glass reinforced plastic sleeve, fills up sand grains in the pocket below the coal seam then; Adopting no solid phase mud to play retaining wall in the horizontal well construction process and take the powder effect, degrades to the mud skin of the borehole wall in the back that is docked and connected; Be lowered to the expanding reach of special drilling tool and drill bit to peupendicular hole, when pulling out of hole, inject the sand grains of certain specification, be used for the whole drilling well of filling space, prevent that cherry coal from caving in to cause the borehole wall to stop up along drilling tool.
At above-mentioned a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production; In the described step 1; Adopt the peupendicular hole wellbore construction row and finish in the setting of casing process, cherry coal coal seam section is lowered to glass reinforced plastic sleeve, and is firm with screwed connection with the steel sleeve of last hypomere; Fill up sand grains in the pocket below the coal seam again; Then section is made the cave operation in the coal seam, makes acupoint depth and coal seam thickness is suitable, drilling well hole diameter >=500mm.
At above-mentioned a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production, in the described step 1, the concrete grammar of the horizontal well of constructing is:
Step 3.1, horizontal orientation adopts directed and the compound mode that combines of creeping into, and carries out TRAJECTORY CONTROL through the supporting wireless drilling measurement mechanism of motor at the bottom of the hole, makes drilling track carry out horizontal-extending along the coal seam according to planned course as far as possible;
Step 3.2, the section level is crept in the coal seam needs to adopt clay-free drilling fluid system or clear water, adds sylvite, the anti-collapse inorganic agent of amine salt, drilling fluid density≤1.03g/cm
3
Step 3.3 adopts the strong magnetic short section of rotation and receives inserting tube, and utilization RMRS technology realizes that accurate butt-joint is communicated with.
At above-mentioned a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production, in the directional drilling process, serious in cherry coal in order to prevent Coal Seam Collapse, guarantee certain effective drilling depth, carry out mud off; May there be part mud skin in drilling well at the borehole wall after finishing like this, will need degrade for hindering the passage of later stage row's mining coal seam gas for this reason; Concrete performance according to drilling fluid generally adopts the principles of chemistry, makes most of mud skin degraded within a certain period of time; The step of degraded: get an amount of mud liquid on ground and make mud cake, put into container and add the chemical agent of degrading in advance and carry out proportioning; Horizontal well and peupendicular hole add this chemical agent and mud cake mixture, and constantly circulate after connecting in drilling fluid, make itself and the borehole wall stay the reaction of mud skin, have reached the effect of degraded mud skin.
At above-mentioned a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production; In the described step 2; Turn on pump during slacking off utilizes the drill bit front portion to wash open to be hampered coal dust to rely on the reaction force of drilling tool threaded hole ejection liquid simultaneously, and drilling tool is moved ahead along former well track.
At above-mentioned a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production; In the described step 3; In the time of near drilling tool is lowered to the Butt Section of adopting peupendicular hole to row, inject sand grains, utilize the press water of slush pump to be pressed in the well by force from the horizontal well well head; In the process that pulls out of hole, carry out the sand grains that segmentation is pressed into some like this, sand grains is filled up in the drilling well of whole cherry coal.
At above-mentioned a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production, in the described step 1, the described section of turning round well radius of curvature >=150mm, well track smoothly is easy to TRAJECTORY CONTROL; Described fiber glass reinforced plastic cover length of tube is greater than coal seam thickness, and institute's back-up sand grain is full of bottom, coal seam pocket.
At above-mentioned a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production, described fiber glass reinforced plastic cover external diameter of pipe 139.7mm, intensity>=23MPa, depth of setting is greater than coal seam thickness; Row adopts peupendicular hole Butt Section hole diameter>=500mm, and the degree of depth and coal seam thickness are suitable; Radius of curvature>=the 150mm of the said net horizontal section that turns round wants the borehole wall smooth smooth-going simultaneously; Clay-free drilling fluid density≤1.03g/cm in the transition level well section
3, fluid loss 8～12ml, plastic viscosity is controlled at 15～30s, sand content≤0.1%.
At above-mentioned a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production; Described drilling tool comprises drilling rod, coiled tubing and the drill bit that connects successively; Described drill bit is provided with a boring that communicates with the external world; In flat, diameter≤75mm, be provided with two row diameter≤5mm, angle threaded hole towards the outside.
At above-mentioned a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production, said drill bit is a centrum, and bore diameter is between 20～30mm; Be screwed connection between coiled tubing and the drilling rod.
Therefore, the present invention has following advantage: simple to operate, easy popularization, can expand ground level butt shaft drilling technology to weak seam, and when enlarging its range of application, the efficient of the directed butt shaft coal bed gas of very big weak seam extraction.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1: one group of structure principle chart that is beneficial to the wellbore construction that improves cherry coal ground level butt shaft gas production of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2: horizontal butt shaft physical model sketch map;
Accompanying drawing 3: peupendicular hole casing programme sketch map;
Accompanying drawing 4: special drilling tool and drill bit structure sketch map.
The specific embodiment
Pass through embodiment below, and combine accompanying drawing, do further bright specifically technical scheme of the present invention.
Embodiment:
A kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production may further comprise the steps:
Step 1; One row of construction earlier adopts peupendicular hole and adopts the terminal construction of peupendicular hole one butt joint cave section row, and at the horizontal well of constructing apart from the other certain distance of said peupendicular hole, described horizontal well comprises peupendicular hole section, the section of turning round well section, transition level well section and Butt Section well section successively then; This transition level well section is arranged in the cherry coal stratum; The section level is crept in the coal seam needs to adopt clay-free drilling fluid system or clear water, can add anti-collapse inorganic agents such as suitable sylvite, amine salt, drilling fluid density≤1.03g/cm
3, reach the purpose that safety is crept into; Being docked and connected is that drilling well success or not and later stage coal bed gas are arranged the prerequisite of adopting, and adopts strong magnetic short section of rotation and inserting tube, and utilization RMRS technology can realize that accurate butt-joint is communicated with.Adopt the peupendicular hole wellbore construction row and finish in the setting of casing process, cherry coal coal seam section is lowered to glass reinforced plastic sleeve, and is firm with screwed connection with the steel sleeve of last hypomere; Fill up sand grains in the pocket below the coal seam again; Then section is made the cave operation in the coal seam, makes acupoint depth and coal seam thickness is suitable, drilling well hole diameter >=500mm; In the directional drilling process, serious in cherry coal in order to prevent Coal Seam Collapse, guarantee certain effective drilling depth, carry out mud off; May there be part mud skin in drilling well at the borehole wall after finishing like this, will need degrade for hindering the passage of later stage row's mining coal seam gas for this reason; Concrete performance according to drilling fluid generally adopts the principles of chemistry, makes most of mud skin degraded within a certain period of time; The step of degraded: get an amount of mud liquid on ground and make mud cake, put into container and add the chemical agent of degrading in advance and carry out proportioning; Horizontal well and peupendicular hole add this chemical agent and mud cake mixture, and constantly circulate after connecting in drilling fluid, make itself and the borehole wall stay the reaction of mud skin, have reached the effect of degraded mud skin.The concrete grammar of a horizontal well of wherein constructing is:
Step 3.1, horizontal orientation adopts directed and the compound mode that combines of creeping into, and carries out TRAJECTORY CONTROL through the supporting wireless drilling measurement mechanism of motor at the bottom of the hole, makes drilling track carry out horizontal-extending along the coal seam according to planned course as far as possible;
Step 3.2, the section level is crept in the coal seam needs to adopt clay-free drilling fluid system or clear water, adds sylvite, the anti-collapse inorganic agent of amine salt, drilling fluid density≤1.03g/cm
3
Step 3.3 adopts the strong magnetic short section of rotation and receives inserting tube, and utilization RMRS technology realizes that accurate butt-joint is communicated with.
The key link of this step 1 comprises that the cherry coal section is lowered to glass reinforced plastic sleeve, makes the cave and do back-up sand grain in expanding reach and the pocket.After whole vertical section two spudding wells finished, section is lowered to glass reinforced plastic sleeve to need in the cherry coal coal seam, and was firm with screwed connection with the steel sleeve of last hypomere, prevents that Coal Seam Collapse from impacting the borehole wall; Fill up sand grains in the pocket below the coal seam again; Then section is made the cave operation in the coal seam, and it is general suitable with coal seam thickness to make acupoint depth, drilling well hole diameter >=500mm.
Step 2 is lowered to drilling tool gradually to row through horizontal well and adopts in the peupendicular hole; Turn on pump when slacking off utilizes the drill bit front portion to wash open to be hampered coal dust to rely on the reaction force of drilling tool threaded hole ejection liquid simultaneously, and drilling tool is moved ahead along former well track.
Step 3 is injected sand grains through drilling tool, in the time of near drilling tool is lowered to the Butt Section of adopting peupendicular hole to row when pulling out of hole; Turn on pump during slacking off utilizes the drill bit front portion to wash open to be hampered coal dust to rely on the reaction force of drilling tool threaded hole ejection liquid simultaneously, and drilling tool is moved ahead; And, utilize the press water of slush pump to be pressed into by force in the well from horizontal well well head injection sand grains, in the process that pulls out of hole, carry out the sand grains that segmentation is pressed into some like this; Sand grains is filled up in the drilling well of whole cherry coal, and practical drilling tool comprises drilling rod, coiled tubing and the drill bit that connects successively in this step, and described drill bit is provided with a boring that communicates with the external world; Interior flat, diameter≤75mm; Be provided with the threaded hole of two row diameter≤5mm, angles towards the outside, drill bit is a centrum, and bore diameter is between 20～30mm; Be screwed connection between coiled tubing and the drilling rod.
In the present embodiment, the section of turning round well radius of curvature>=150mm, well track smoothly is easy to TRAJECTORY CONTROL; Described fiber glass reinforced plastic cover length of tube is greater than coal seam thickness, and institute's back-up sand grain is full of bottom, coal seam pocket, fiber glass reinforced plastic cover external diameter of pipe 139.7mm, and intensity>=23MPa, depth of setting is greater than coal seam thickness; Row adopts peupendicular hole Butt Section hole diameter>=500mm, and the degree of depth and coal seam thickness are suitable; Radius of curvature>=the 150mm of the said net horizontal section that turns round wants the borehole wall smooth smooth-going simultaneously; Clay-free drilling fluid density≤1.03g/cm in the transition level well section
3, fluid loss 8～12ml, plastic viscosity is controlled at 15～30s, sand content≤0.1%.In addition, The coast is clear is wanted in the well site of two mouthfuls of wells of geological design, help equipment and arrive, and drilling engineering design radius of curvature >=150mm, well track smoothly are easy to TRAJECTORY CONTROL; Peupendicular hole under the fiber glass reinforced plastic cover length of tube need greater than coal seam thickness, institute's back-up sand grain is full of the bottom pocket; Adopt reasonable drilling technology in the horizontal drilling, comprise drilling technology parameter, TRAJECTORY CONTROL measure, the technology that is docked and connected, drilling fluid control and degradation technique etc.; Be lowered to special drilling tool and drill bit after drilling well finishes, in trip-out process, in well, inject sand grains.
The present invention relates to a kind of pore-forming technique method that improves cherry coal ground level butt shaft gas production that is beneficial to, mainly comprise drilling technology and improve gas production technology two parts core content.Wherein drilling technology mainly comprises peupendicular hole lower-glass steel sleeve and back-up sand gravel technology, TRAJECTORY CONTROL OF HORIZONTAL WELL technology, wellbore flushing liquid technology and the technology etc. that is docked and connected, and improves the gas production technology and comprises the mud skin technology in the degraded drilling well and annotate sand grains technology in horizontal well cherry coal section.The pore-forming technique method that is beneficial to raising cherry coal ground level butt shaft gas production that adopts the present invention to propose; The crucial drilling technology of integrated peupendicular hole, horizontal orientation butt shaft and the coal bed gas link that increases production and improves productivity; Effectively combine ground level butt shaft drilling technology and weak seam gas utilization, all played crucial effects from the gas utilization and the safety of mining.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.Person of ordinary skill in the field of the present invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1; One row of construction earlier adopts peupendicular hole and adopts the terminal construction of peupendicular hole one butt joint cave section row; Then at the horizontal well of constructing apart from the other certain distance of said peupendicular hole; Described horizontal well comprises peupendicular hole section, the section of turning round well section, transition level well section and Butt Section well section successively, and this transition level well section is arranged in the cherry coal stratum;
Step 2 is lowered to drilling tool gradually to row through horizontal well and adopts in the peupendicular hole;
Step 3 is injected sand grains through drilling tool when pulling out of hole.
2. a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In the described step 1; Adopt the peupendicular hole wellbore construction row and finish in the setting of casing process, cherry coal coal seam section is lowered to glass reinforced plastic sleeve, and is firm with screwed connection with the steel sleeve of last hypomere; Fill up sand grains in the pocket below the coal seam again; Then section is made the cave operation in the coal seam, makes acupoint depth and coal seam thickness is suitable, drilling well hole diameter >=500mm.
3. a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step 1, the concrete grammar of the horizontal well of constructing is:
Step 3.1, horizontal orientation adopts directed and the compound mode that combines of creeping into, and carries out TRAJECTORY CONTROL through the supporting wireless drilling measurement mechanism of motor at the bottom of the hole, makes drilling track carry out horizontal-extending along the coal seam according to planned course as far as possible;
Step 3.2, the section level is crept in the coal seam needs to adopt clay-free drilling fluid system or clear water, adds sylvite, the anti-collapse inorganic agent of amine salt, drilling fluid density≤1.03g/cm
3
Step 3.3 adopts the strong magnetic short section of rotation and receives inserting tube, and utilization RMRS technology realizes that accurate butt-joint is communicated with.
4. a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production according to claim 1; It is characterized in that, in the directional drilling process, serious in cherry coal in order to prevent Coal Seam Collapse; Guarantee certain effective drilling depth, carry out mud off; May there be part mud skin in drilling well at the borehole wall after finishing like this, will need degrade for hindering the passage of later stage row's mining coal seam gas for this reason; Concrete performance according to drilling fluid generally adopts the principles of chemistry, makes most of mud skin degraded within a certain period of time; The step of degraded: get an amount of mud liquid on ground and make mud cake, put into container and add the chemical agent of degrading in advance and carry out proportioning; Horizontal well and peupendicular hole add this chemical agent and mud cake mixture, and constantly circulate after connecting in drilling fluid, make itself and the borehole wall stay the reaction of mud skin, have reached the effect of degraded mud skin.
5. a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In the described step 2; Turn on pump during slacking off utilizes the drill bit front portion to wash open to be hampered coal dust to rely on the reaction force of drilling tool threaded hole ejection liquid simultaneously, and drilling tool is moved ahead along former well track.
6. a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production according to claim 1; It is characterized in that, in the described step 3, in the time of near drilling tool is lowered to the Butt Section of adopting peupendicular hole to row; Inject sand grains from the horizontal well well head; Utilize the press water of slush pump to be pressed into by force in the well, in the process that pulls out of hole, carry out the sand grains that segmentation is pressed into some like this, sand grains is filled up in the drilling well of whole cherry coal.
7. a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the described step 1, and the described section of turning round well radius of curvature >=150mm, well track smoothly is easy to TRAJECTORY CONTROL; Described fiber glass reinforced plastic cover length of tube is greater than coal seam thickness, and institute's back-up sand grain is full of bottom, coal seam pocket.
8. a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described fiber glass reinforced plastic cover external diameter of pipe 139.7mm, and intensity>=23MPa, depth of setting is greater than coal seam thickness; Row adopts peupendicular hole Butt Section hole diameter>=500mm, and the degree of depth and coal seam thickness are suitable; Radius of curvature>=the 150mm of the said net horizontal section that turns round wants the borehole wall smooth smooth-going simultaneously; Clay-free drilling fluid density≤1.03g/cm in the transition level well section
3, fluid loss 8～12ml, plastic viscosity is controlled at 15～30s, sand content≤0.1%.
9. a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production according to claim 7; It is characterized in that; Described drilling tool comprises drilling rod, coiled tubing and the drill bit that connects successively; Described drill bit be provided with one with the extraneous boring that communicates, interior flat, diameter≤75mm is provided with two row diameter≤5mm, the angle threaded hole towards the outside.
10. a kind of process method for well completion that improves cherry coal stratum ground level butt shaft gas production according to claim 9 is characterized in that said drill bit is a centrum, and bore diameter is between 20～30mm; Be screwed connection between coiled tubing and the drilling rod.
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