CN102397309A - Fermentation method for ginseng and fermentative ginseng obtained by same - Google Patents

Fermentation method for ginseng and fermentative ginseng obtained by same Download PDF

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CN102397309A
CN102397309A CN2011100453756A CN201110045375A CN102397309A CN 102397309 A CN102397309 A CN 102397309A CN 2011100453756 A CN2011100453756 A CN 2011100453756A CN 201110045375 A CN201110045375 A CN 201110045375A CN 102397309 A CN102397309 A CN 102397309A
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ginseng
radix ginseng
fermentation
ginsenoside
fermented
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李源璟
黄珍淑
洪振硕
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L19/03—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof consisting of whole pieces or fragments without mashing the original pieces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/16—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/36—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/135—Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2300/00—Processes
    • A23V2300/20—Freezing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2300/00—Processes
    • A23V2300/24—Heat, thermal treatment

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a fermentation method for a ginseng, a fermentative ginseng obtained by the same, and a tonic product prepared by the fermentative ginseng. The producing method of fermented ginseng comprises the following steps: (a) washing ginseng and spraying aspergillus oryzae seed inoculums for cultivating; (b) vacuum packing the cultivated ginseng; (c) fermenting the vacuum packed ginseng; and (d) heat-sterilizing the fermented at 60-65deg C and rapidly cooling to 4-10deg C. The aspergillus oryzae seed inoculums is formed with one or two mixed fungi selected from the group consisting of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus sojae, aspergillus shirousamii, rhizopus sp, and zygomycetes.

Description

The fermentation process of Radix Ginseng and the fermented ginseng that therefrom makes
Technical field
The present invention relates to through using vacuum-packed fermented ginseng method and according to the fermented ginseng of this method fermentation and comprise the health subsidy food of this fermented ginseng.
Background technology
Early oneself is used for medical material to Radix Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer), can be divided into wild ginseng (wild ginseng), the cultivated ginseng (cultivated ginseng) of self-sow on the mountain and the long brain ginseng of from habitats such as mountain, cultivating.Radix Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer) is used as medical material since ancient times; Can divide into wild ginseng (wild ginseng), the Radix Ginseng (cultivated ginseng) of self-sow on the mountain, and support ginseng (San-yang-sam, ginseng under forest) on the mountain of habitats such as mountain cultivation.Be called long brain ginseng (Chang-nwae-sam) to above-mentioned ginseng under forest in Korea S.
As everyone knows, the physiologically active composition of Radix Ginseng is ginsenoside (ginsenosides), polyacetylene (polyacetylenes), ginseng protein (ginseng proteins), polysaccharide (polysaccharides), reaches phenolic compound (phenolic compounds) etc.
The ginsenoside is called as the effective biochemistry and the pharmacy composition of Radix Ginseng.From nineteen sixty for latter half, shibata etc. have carried out multiple research, above-mentioned research group, research and defined ginsenoside's structure.And, ginsenoside's chemical constitution, segmentation turn to 22 kinds protopanaxadiol (protopanaxadiol, PD), 13 kinds protopanaxatriol (protopanaxatriol, PT) and a kind of oleanane type saponin (oleanane saponin).Above-mentioned ginsenoside's pharmaceutical use comprises anticancer, anti-glycosuria, suppresses central nervous system, prevention of arterial sclerosis and hypertension, resisting fatigue, compressive resistance, antioxidation, anti-inflammatory, raise immunity etc.
As stated, ginsenoside's effect, from the process research of two fields such as biochemical research and study of pharmacy, researcher is still studied for the usefulness of clear and definite ginsenoside's composition fully.
Scrutinizing each ginsenoside's effect knows; Rb1 (being protopanaxadiol type ginsenoside); Has the protection effect that learning capacity that central nerve inhibition and calm effect, deficiency-heat cause descends, the immunosuppressant protection effect that the neurovirulent protection effect that anxiety effect, glutamic acid cause, anti-amnesia effect, cholinergic activity, promotion protein, cholesterol, RNA and the synthetic effect of DNA, cold stress cause, liver toxicity protection effect; Rb2 (being protopanaxadiol type ginsenoside) has the blood sugar lowering value and improves the effect of glycosuria, RNA and protein synthesis facilitation effect, hyperlipidemia effect, the cholesterol metabolism facilitation effect through the LDL-receptor active, analgesic effect, the antioxidant effect based on SOD and catalatic raising, cancerometastasis and angiogenesis inhibition effect; Rc (being protopanaxadiol type ginsenoside) has central nerve inhibition effect, analgesic effect, promotion neutral fat, serum albumin, cholesterol, RNA and the synthetic effect of DNA, prostaglandin secretion promotion and antioxidant effect; Rd (being protopanaxadiol type ginsenoside) has Adrenalone or ACTH secretion effect, mouse belligerence inhibition effect, the loose effect that suppresses of renal glomerulus; Rg3 (being protopanaxadiol type ginsenoside) has neurotoxicity protection effect, the blood vessel relaxing effect of passing through NO release, the antithrombotic effect based on the TXA2 minimizing, the resisting hypertension effect of passing through to suppress the Ca2+ inflow, anticarcinogen patience inhibition effect, metastasis and infiltration inhibition effect, metastasis inhibition effect that glutamic acid causes; Rh2 (being protopanaxadiol type ginsenoside) has cancer cell multiplication and suppresses effect, is divided into the subsidy therapeutic agent effect of Normocellular effect, anticarcinogen, the effect of active apoptosis cancerous cell etc. from cancerous cell.
Re (being protopanaxatriol type ginsenoside) has analgesic effect, ACTH secretion effect, promotes protein, RNA and the biosynthetic effect of DNA, cholesterol metabolism to promote and the liver injury protection effect; Rf (being protopanaxatriol type ginsenoside) has the anti-pain effect of the Ca path sealing through sensory neurone, protection effect, the lipid peroxidation of brain injury that ethanol causes suppresses effect; Rg1 (being protopanaxatriol type ginsenoside) has central nervous excitation effect, resisting fatigue effect, immunocompetence enhancement effect, antithrombotic effect, ability of learning and memory enhancement effect, improvement of sexual function effect etc.; Rg2 (being protopanaxatriol type ginsenoside), the secretion with stress hormone of the effect of the thrombosis that causes of opposing platelet aggregation, adrenocortical catecholamines suppresses effect; Rh1 (being protopanaxatriol type ginsenoside), have from cancerous cell be divided into Normocellular effect, liver injury protection effect, platelet aggregation through fibrinolytic activation and fibrinolysis (Fibrinolysis) suppresses effect; Ro (being protopanaxatriol type ginsenoside) has anti-inflammatory effect, antithrombotic effect, hepatitis inhibition effect, the voracious effect of macrophage, vasodilation effect.
On the one hand, the east Many researchers has been carried out repeatedly research to the content of ginsenoside of Radix Ginseng.For example; Researcheres such as Jang; Reported content of ginsenoside based on the Radix Ginseng (Korean white ginseng) during the cultivation; Researcheres such as Namba reported with based on the relevant relatedness of content of ginsenoside of Radix Ginseng during the cultivation, and researcheres such as Lee have been measured the content of ginsenoside based on the Korean Ginseng during the multiple cultivation.
It is reported; The ginsenoside of long brain ginseng forms, and is general different with Radix Ginseng, but the ginsenoside who also long brain is not joined forms the research that implementation is used for correct classification; And; At present as the method for processed ginseng, mainly water is participated in the worker and dryly be trepang or Radix Ginseng, perhaps processing and cooking is Radix Ginseng Rubra or black ginseng.But as stated, when being processed as trepang or Radix Ginseng to Radix Ginseng, ginsenoside's utilization rate is not high, and, when being processed as Radix Ginseng Radix Ginseng Rubra or black ginseng, aspect product diversified on, problem has appearred.
Summary of the invention
[solution problem]
The objective of the invention is to: provide through using the novel processing method of kind of Koji Fungi at vacuum condition bottom fermentation Radix Ginseng; And, provide through using kind of Koji Fungi fermented-fermentation fermented ginseng under vacuum condition; And, provide and use through using the health subsidy food of kind of Koji Fungi fermented-fermentation fermented ginseng under vacuum condition.
[solution]
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, a kind of fermentation process of Radix Ginseng is provided, it is characterized in that: clean Radix Ginseng, spray kind of a Koji Fungi and cultivate; The vacuum-packed Radix Ginseng of having cultivated; Vacuum-packed Radix Ginseng ferments; Through the discontinuous sterilization method, the Radix Ginseng that ferments is carried out cooling off after the antibacterial.
Below, be main with fermented ginseng method of the present invention, according to each step, specifically describe.
The first, clean Radix Ginseng, spray kind of a Koji Fungi and cultivate.
From effect and economic aspect, the present invention considers that contained somebody joins saponin constituent and content and economy in the Radix Ginseng, preferably uses the Radix Ginseng more than 6 years, and this meets drug effect and economy.When cleaning above-mentioned Radix Ginseng, the most handy warm water is in order to avoid damage the supporting root and the stem of Radix Ginseng.
Above-mentioned kind of Koji Fungi; Mushroom by being selected from rice-koji bacterium (Aspergillus oryzae), soy sauce aspergillosis (Aspergillussojae), aspergillosis west meat Sa rice (Aspergillus shirousamii), rhizopus (Rhizopus sp.), the zygomycete (Zygomycetes) is formed; And under the environment that is suitable for each strain growth condition; Mix after cultivating, and be injected on the Radix Ginseng that has cleaned with after the distilled water diluting.At this moment, the concentration of the kind Koji Fungi of injection preferably is adjusted to every 1kg Radix Ginseng and uses 0.01-0.05g, so that fermentation smoothly.Above-mentioned incubation; Cultivation temperature is preferably under 35-45 ℃ the temperature conditions and carries out, if less than above-mentioned scope, the elongated tendency of fermentation time then can occur; If cultivation temperature surpasses above-mentioned scope, then the tendency that zymogenic activation is delayed or stopped can to appear.And above-mentioned incubation is preferably under the damp condition of 60-85%RH and carries out, if humidity less than above-mentioned scope, then the tendency that Radix Ginseng is dried can occur, if humidity surpasses above-mentioned scope, the sedimentary tendency of bacterium then can occur hindering.And above-mentioned incubation was preferably carried out 1-4 hour, if the tendency of fermenting and fully not carrying out, then can appear less than above-mentioned scope in incubation time, if incubation time surpasses above-mentioned scope, can occur then that Radix Ginseng is decomposed and thoroughly cooked tendency.In a word, above-mentioned incubation is preferably under 40-45 ℃ the damp condition of temperature, 60-85%RH and carried out 1-2 hour.When the ginseng is fresh ginseng (moisture content of 50% or more), fermentation is difficult itself, and therefore, according to the forest on mountain ginseng or ginseng injection Aspergillus species cultured culture methods, which can be fermented ginseng contained in the ingredients.
The second, the vacuum-packed Radix Ginseng of having cultivated.
To in above-mentioned incubation, fully cultivate the Radix Ginseng of kind of Koji Fungi, and be placed in and carry out vacuum packaging in the sealed vacuum bag.At this moment, the scope with-230 to-600mmHg is regulated level of vacuum, accomplishes the vacuum packaging as purpose so that keep the form of Radix Ginseng.According to the present invention, through vacuum packaging, can keep the form of Radix Ginseng, therefore, can improve product quality, perhaps can make the available sites of Radix Ginseng become big.
The 3rd, vacuum-packed Radix Ginseng ferments.
The present invention that is to say with vacuum-packed state fermented ginseng, sprays kind of Koji Fungi kind of a Koji Fungi is adsorbed onto after interior abundant cultivation of Radix Ginseng; The Radix Ginseng of vacuum-packed absorption kind of Koji Fungi ferments once more; At this moment, through vacuum packaging, make the people participate in extraneous gas and completely cut off; Based on the fermentation that is included in the bacterial strain in kind of the Koji Fungi, the moisture and the oxygen that keep according to Radix Ginseng self carry out thus.When vacuum-packed, waiting will be by corruption before the fermented ginseng.Above-mentioned sweat is preferably under 20-60 ℃ the temperature conditions and carries out 168-336 hour, if the temperature that is used to ferment is less than above-mentioned scope; Then unfermentable tendency can appear, and if surpass above-mentioned scope, the sedimentary tendency of bacterium then can appear hindering; And, the tendency that causes personal saponin variable quantity to descend if complete fermentation not, then can appear less than in the above-mentioned scope in fermentation time; And if surpass above-mentioned scope, can occur then that Radix Ginseng is decomposed and thoroughly cooked or putrid tendency.As stated, when vacuum packaging is sprayed the Radix Ginseng of kind of Koji Fungi and when fermenting, the form of Radix Ginseng is kept the circle shown in Fig. 1-4, at this moment, except having the outstanding property of effect, the intrinsic outward appearance that also can be held according to person class improves commodity.On the one hand, can be attached to connect pore on the packaging material of fermented-vacuum-packed Radix Ginseng or it is put into once more and carry out vacuum-packed step in the vacuum bag that adheres to the gas remover, can realize commercialization thus.
The 4th, through the discontinuous sterilization method, cooling after the fermented-Radix Ginseng of antibacterial.
Fully the Radix Ginseng of fermentation through sterilization processing, at this moment, is preferably taked the discontinuous sterilization method.This discontinuous sterilization method under 60-65 ℃ temperature, after pasteurization 30-60 minute, is cooled off with 4-10 ℃ temperature fast, is preferably in per 24 hours, in the above described manner, carries out above-mentioned discontinuous sterilization method more than 4 times.According to the sweat that under vacuum-packed state, carries out twice; Ginsenoside's fermentation efficiency can significantly improve, therefore; Fermented ginseng according to fermentation process manufacturing of the present invention; Do when contrast with unfermentable Radix Ginseng, the content of Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rg2, Rh1, Rc, Rb2, Rd composition significantly increases, and produces new component such as PPT.According to the fermented ginseng of fermentation process fermentation of the present invention, but product turns to the form shown in Fig. 3-4, in addition, can also be used for the composition of healthy subsidy food.
[invention effect]
According to the present invention, can provide spray kind of a Koji Fungi, in the novel processing method of vacuum condition bottom fermentation Radix Ginseng.The content of the fermented ginseng constructed in accordance that fermentation process according to the present invention makes Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rg2, Rh1, Rc, Rb2, Rd in the known ginsenoside who is of value to human body contain respectively compared with non-fermented ginseng 1.62 times, 3.96 times, 1.6 times, 1.94 times, 4.29 times, 6.36 times, 6.54 times, 9 times, 10.35 times and more than, and fermented ginseng constructed in accordance comprises the ginsenoside PPT that does not comprise in the non-fermented ginseng galore.The storage time of above-mentioned fermented ginseng, the storage time of significantly being longer than non-fermented ginseng, and this fermented ginseng owing to be processed as multiple healthy subsidy food, therefore can simply absorb.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-Fig. 2 illustrates the picture in kind of the fermented ginseng of 2 fermentations according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 represent will be according to the photo of the fermented ginseng commercialization of embodiments of the invention 2 fermentation.
[specific embodiment]
Hereinafter, the present invention describes in detail with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing.Yet, the invention is not restricted to embodiment and accompanying drawing etc.
Reference example 1
1, sample
The sample of ginseng under forest uses the long brain ginseng of from Xiao Bai mountain, Western Hills, mountain, eight peak, auspicious mountain, Jiang Yuandao, gathering.
The sample of Radix Ginseng uses from comprising that Jin Shan, Jiang Hua, Hong Chuan, cloudy city, Zhenan County, peaceful lifes in 4 years and 6 years strangers who more, gathers the culture of ginseng ground of the representative of intact state, Gao Chang, Jin Di join.Measure before the content of ginsenoside Radix Ginseng sample that lyophilization is all and using.Said sample, (Korea GinsengInstitute of Chung-Ang University) stores by Korea S National Central University Radix Ginseng institute.
2, the preparation ginsenoside extract
With Radix Ginseng powder 5g, after 20 times 50% ethanol mixes, in 90 ℃ water tank, reflux this mixture about 2 hours and after filtering, concentrate and the preparation extract with vacuum concentrator.
3. ginsenoside's analysis
Through the method for KO (Ko SK et al, Food Sci.& Biotechnol.14:509-513 (2005)) etc., the ginsenoside who analyzes above-mentioned extract according to HPLC forms.The present invention carries out for 3 times after the HPLC analysis, relatively the content of ginsenoside of each sample.Ginsenoside's standard substance have used pure ginsenoside who from Korea S National Central University Radix Ginseng institute, makes and the ginsenoside with 99% above purity who from Chromadex (U.S.A.), buys.Used ginsenoside's standard substance are Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re; Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Rg3; Rh1, Rh2, used HPLC are that (Model 627, Alltech Associates, Inc in Alltech Binary Gradient HPLC system; U.S.A.), used chromatographic column is Prevail Carbohydrate ES column (Alltech Associates, Inc, 4.6 * 250mm; U.S.A.), used mobile phase is an acetonitrile: water: isopropyl alcohol=80: 5: 15, B solution are acetonitrile: water: isopropyl alcohol=67: 21: 12, [10%B (0min); 85%B (28min); 80%B (35min); 75%B (45min); 90%B (50min); 100%B (51min); 25%B (57min); 10%B (58min)], operative temperature is a room temperature, and flow velocity is 0.8ml/min, and chromatogram is detected by evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD detector).Table 1 illustrates the content of ginsenoside according to the long brain ginseng in the place of production.Table 2 illustrates 4 years stranger's ginsengs and 6 years strangers join and the total saponin content of ginseng under forest and the statistic analysis result of each content of ginsenoside.
[table 1]
Figure BDA0000047838530000061
[table 2]
Shown in above-mentioned table 2, the total saponin content of ginseng under forest (0.648%) is significantly higher than 4 years stranger's ginsengs (0.270%) and 6 years stranger's ginsengs (0.280%).
Shown in above-mentioned table 1 and table 2, the PD/PT of ginseng under forest (3.258%) is significantly higher than 4 years stranger's ginsengs (2.456%) and 6 years stranger's ginsengs (2.183%).And the Rb1/Rg1 of ginseng under forest (10.225%) is significantly higher than 4 years stranger's ginsengs (3.514%) and 6 years stranger's ginsengs.So, compared with the Rb1/Rg1 of Radix Ginseng Rubra and Radix Ginseng, difference appears far apart.
As everyone knows, Rb1 has the nervus centralis of inhibition and hypertensive physiologically active.Especially, the ginsenoside Rb1's of long brain ginseng content (0.222%) is significantly higher than 4 years stranger's ginsengs (0.070%) or 6 years stranger's ginsengs (0.048%).
The ginsenoside Rd's of ginseng under forest and 4 years stranger's ginsengs and 6 years stranger's ginsengs content is respectively 0216%, 0.070% and 0.048%.And the ginsenoside Re's of ginseng under forest content (0.117%) is significantly higher than 4 years stranger's ginsengs (0.051%) and 6 years stranger's ginsengs (0.054%).
The result shows that the total saponins of ginseng under forest, Rb1/Rg1, ginsenoside Rd and ginsenoside Re's content generally is higher than Radix Ginseng.
Implement row 1: the fermentation of ginseng under forest
The place of production of ginseng under forest is the Xiao Bai mountain; Planting Koji Fungi is the kind Koji Fungi of aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae), soy sauce aspergillosis (Aspergillus sojae), aspergillosis west meat Sa rice (Aspergillus shirousamii), root fungus (Rhizopus sp.), zygomycete (Zygomycetes) being cultivated the growth conditions that becomes to be suitable for each bacterial strain, uses white Qu (modulation kind of a Qu) product of from water source Food Research Inst., buying.Through using warm water, clean ginseng under forest and prepare, at this moment, note supporting root and stem's damage.In distilled water 1L, with the 10g ratio, dilution is planted Koji Fungi and is prepared kind of a Koji Fungi liquid; And after above-mentioned ginseng under forest 1kg sprays above-mentioned liquid 10g, be placed in the culture dish, be that 40 ℃, humidity are under 70% in temperature; Cultivated about 5 hours, and in the sealed vacuum bag, put into the thing as a result of cultivation, shrink vacuum packaging with-430mmHg; Fermentation is about 300 hours in 40 ℃ culturing room, after the fermentation ends, connects pore and removes gas at the hermetic unit of packaging material; Then it is put in the sealed vacuum bag that adheres to the gas remover, carry out vacuum packaging once more.Utilizing the discontinuous sterilization method, under 60-65 ℃, vacuum-packed ginseng under forest was carried out cold sterilization 30 minutes, cool off fast with 4-10 ℃ then, so, was to carry out 4 times in the cycle with 24 hours.In the sterilization process, the damage of with the naked eye checking product whether.
Implement row 2: the fermentation of Radix Ginseng
Through the method identical with implementing row 1, fermented ginseng, the place of production of used Radix Ginseng is big vast river.
Experiment row 1: the ginseng under forest content of ginsenoside is analyzed
Among the ginseng under forest sample 10g of microlithization, put into ethanol 200ml in lyophilization, set up reflux condenser, heating 2 hours and putting is filtered after cold in extractor.In filtering residue, put into ethanol 200ml, after the same then operation, converge filtering residue, concentrating under reduced pressure thus, obtains the sample extract.
In the rotary evaporator that concentrates the sample extract, put into ether 100ml, under the state of be not immersed in thermostatic water bath (70 ℃), not exerting pressure; After handling 30 minutes, outwell ether, in rotary evaporator, put into butanols 100ml; Under the state of be immersed in thermostatic water bath (70 ℃) once more, not exerting pressure, after handling 1 hour, single collection butanols in rotary evaporator; Butanols 100ml in remaining residue after the same operation, converges butanols; Concentrating under reduced pressure thus, obtains the sample extract.Dissolved samples extract in HPLC methanol with 10000ppm, as test(ing) liquid, in addition, with 71.42857ppm, is used as titer with 14 ginsenoside's standard substance.The HPLC analysis condition is illustrated in the table 3, and content of ginsenoside is illustrated in the table 4.
[table 3]
Figure BDA0000047838530000091
[table 4]
Figure BDA0000047838530000092
Experiment row 2: fermentation ginseng under forest content of ginsenoside is analyzed
Through the method for above-mentioned enforcement row 1, the 8 years growth brain ginsengs of fermenting with the condition identical with above-mentioned enforcement row 1, are analyzed content of ginsenoside, at this analysis result shown in the table 5.
[table 5]
Shown in above-mentioned table 5, even identical during can confirming to cultivate, according to whether fermenting, ginsenoside's content changes greatly.And the long brain ginseng of can confirming to ferment newly produces the ginsenoside that non-fermentation ginseng under forest does not have.
Experiment row 3: the fermented ginseng saponin content is analyzed
Through the method identical with above-mentioned enforcement row 1, the 6 years stranger's ginsengs of fermenting with the condition identical with experiment row 1, are analyzed content of ginsenoside, at this analysis result shown in the table 6.
[table 6]
The ginsenoside 6 years non-fermented ginsengs of life 6 years hair growth promoting ferment Radix Ginsengs Variable quantity (%) Whether increase and decrease
Rg1 0.3143±0.0024 0.5113±0.0302 63 Increase
Re 0.1123±0.0020 0.4451±0.0166 296 Increase
Rf 0.0429±0.0012 0.0690±0.0515 61 Increase
Rb1 0.1805±0.0289 0.3503±0.0160 92 Increase
Rg2 0.1845±0.0218 0.7921±0.0539 329 Increase
Rh1 0.0077±0.0046 0.0497±0.0133 545 Increase
Rc 0.0033±0.002 0.0216±0.0056 554 Increase
Rb2 0.1050±0.0023 0.3059±0.0267 190 Increase
Rd 0.0265±0.0004 0.2745±0.0051 936 Increase
Rg3
PPT 0.0046±0.0001 4600 Increase
Mixture K
Rh2 0.0141±0.0001 0.0011±0.0011 1181 Reduce
PPD
Shown in above-mentioned table 6,,, can confirm that also ginsenoside's content changes greatly according to whether fermenting even the cultivation time is identical.And the long brain ginseng of can confirming to ferment newly produces the ginsenoside that the long brain ginseng of non-fermentation does not have.
Experiment row 4: Radix Ginseng, ginseng under forest, fermented ginseng, the saponin content analysis of fermentation ginseng under forest and Radix Ginseng Rubra
The sample of lyophilization and 4 years hair growth promoting ferment of powdered Radix Ginseng (water ginseng), 6 years hair growth promoting ferment Radix Ginsengs (water ginseng), 8 years hair growth promoting ferment ginseng under forest, 6 years non-fermented ginsengs of life (water ginseng), 6 years living Radix Ginseng Rubra; With the condition identical with above-mentioned experiment row 1; Obtain the sample extract, then, dissolved samples extract in HPLC methanol; With 10000ppm, it is used as test(ing) liquid.In addition, respectively with 71.42857ppm, with 14 ginsenoside's standard substance, as titer.Shown in the table 7, the HPLC analysis condition, shown in the table 8, content of ginsenoside.
[table 7]
Figure BDA0000047838530000111
[table 8]
Figure BDA0000047838530000112
Shown in above-mentioned table 8, even the cultivation time of above-mentioned fermented ginseng is short, can confirm that also ginsenoside's content is significantly high, even compare, can confirm that also ginsenoside's content is significantly high with Radix Ginseng Rubra with identical cultivation time.
On the one hand, when relatively process cooks the Radix Ginseng Rubra of processing, fermented ginseng or fermentation ginseng under forest, the ginsenoside's who is improved kind; Present different tendencies each other, fermentation process of the present invention obviously is the novel method of processed ginseng or ginseng under forest; And the Radix Ginseng of fermentation process or long brain are joined according to the method for the invention, the content of ginsenoside of gained; Compared with the content of ginsenoside that obtains according to existing processing method (Radix Ginseng Rubra processing method), significantly high.And, though in above-mentioned table, do not show clearly, when, confirming to produce not obtainable ginsenoside Rg3 when heat-treating to fermented ginseng made according to the method for the present invention or fermentation ginseng under forest according to fermentation with about 90 ℃.
And, when above-mentioned fermented ginseng or fermentation ginseng under forest are absorbed after heat-treating, also can absorb the ginsenoside Rg3.
Above-mentioned described the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description and accompanying drawing, and those of ordinary skill in the art will understand, and under the situation that does not deviate from scope of the present invention and spirit, various replacements, transformation and modification allow.

Claims (7)

1. the fermentation process of a Radix Ginseng is characterized in that:
Clean Radix Ginseng, spray kind of a Koji Fungi and cultivate;
The vacuum-packed said Radix Ginseng of having cultivated;
Said vacuum-packed Radix Ginseng ferments;
Through the discontinuous sterilization method, the Radix Ginseng of said fermentation is carried out cooling after the antibacterial, this discontinuous sterilization method under 60-65 ℃, after the Radix Ginseng of fermentation carried out pasteurization 30-60 minute, is cooled off with 4-10 ℃ temperature fast.
2. the fermentation process of Radix Ginseng as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Said kind of Koji Fungi is made up of the mushroom that is selected from rice-koji bacterium (Aspergillus oryzae), soy sauce aspergillosis (Aspergillus sojae), aspergillosis west meat Sa rice (Aspergillus shirousamii), rhizopus (Rhizopus sp.), the zygomycete (Zygomycetes).
3. the fermentation process of Radix Ginseng as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Said incubation under the damp condition of 35-45 ℃ temperature, 60-85%RH, was carried out about 1-4 hour.
4. the fermentation process of Radix Ginseng as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Said sweat under 20-60 ℃ temperature conditions, was carried out about 168-336 hour.
5. the fermentation process of Radix Ginseng as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Said fermentation process, additional being included on the packaging material of vacuum-packed Radix Ginseng by fermentation connects after the pore, is placed in the step in the vacuum packaging article that are attached with the gas remover to it once more.
6. fermented ginseng of the present invention is characterized in that:
Said fermented ginseng is through being selected from a certain method manufacturing among the claim 1-5.
7. healthy subsidy food of the present invention comprises the fermented ginseng of making through a certain the method that is selected among the claim 1-5.
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