CN102394724A - Highly-reliable data transmission method and device based on dual tone multiple frequency sound waves - Google Patents
Highly-reliable data transmission method and device based on dual tone multiple frequency sound waves Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses highly-reliable data transmission method and device based on dual tone multiple frequency sound waves, wherein the device comprises a sending end which is connected with a sound making device so as to be used for sending sound wave signals, and a receiving end which is connected with a listening device so as to be used for receiving the sound wave signals, the sending end comprises a data generating unit, a dual tone multiple frequency information coding unit and a dual tone multiple frequency sound wave sending unit, and the receiving end comprises a dual tone multiple frequency sound wave receiving unit, a dual tone multiple frequency information decoding unit and a data verifying unit. The method and device provided by the invention has lower requirements on hardware, can carry out data transmission only by arranging a horn and a microphone, can be used on a mobile phone and a computer, and facilitates the realization of application and service fast and with lower cost; when the dual tone multiple frequency information is encoded, the difficult problem that the starting positions of the signals are not easy to look up by adopting a method of comparing and collecting total values after multi-step excursion; and during date generation and data verification, the data consistency can be ensured by adopting verification and an algorithm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology, relate in particular to a kind of high reliability data transmission method and device based on the dual-tone multifrequency sound wave.
Background technology
At present; Between the mobile phone or the communication modes between mobile phone and the computer more, comprise bluetooth, wireless network and other near-field communication modes, but these communication modes have higher and specific requirement to Hardware configuration; The process of setting up communication is comparatively loaded down with trivial details; Hardware and software cost is higher, and coverage rate is narrow, is not easy to carry out to pass mutually between mobile phone on-site payment and the mobile phone reliability requirement higher data transmission to transfer of data such as secret data.
Publication number is the patent application of CN101247183A, discloses a kind of high frequency waveforms of a certain frequency that adopts and has combined horizontal component, expresses 1,0 numerical value, realizes the method for ultrasonic communication.This method adopts MCU (Micro Control Unit is called for short micro-control unit) interrupt mode to read envelope parameters based on the cooperation transformation of hardware module at transmitting terminal, sends high frequency analog signals; The receiving terminal analog circuit to the microphone analog signal amplify, bandpass filtering, envelope detection and shaping handle, and obtains low-frequency square-wave signal, is decoded as binary data then.Before communication information, increase a high level start bit, judge by the receiving terminal analog circuit whether this start bit high level signal continues 4～9 milliseconds, to judge whether to receive communication information; When accepting communication information, receiving terminal MCU opens interrupters, then data bit is for " 0 " to be read as low level, and high level then data bit is " 1 ".But when actual use ultrasonic wave carries out data communication; The loudspeaker that mobile phone, computer are equipped with, the audio frequency range of microphone are narrower; Sensitvity constraint, and influenced by environmental noise, the sound wave distortion appears easily; Error rate is too high when causing transfer of data, can not reach the practical requirement of high reliability data transmission.This patent application disclosed method adopts the binary mode coded data, and the amount of information of per unit transmission data is few, and during the big data quantity transmission, the probability that meets wave distortion is high; The judgement of " 0 ", " 1 " numerical value determines just through level that simply when the environmental noise influence was big, the high low value distortion rate of level was high, and the threshold value of high-low level boundary changes greatly with environmental impact, can't accurately be provided with; When the judgement of certain bit data goes wrong, can't the verification error correction, make mistakes for one, can cause whole message to be made mistakes; The physique of mobile phone, computer has cured when dispatching from the factory, and the cost of transforming circuit during application again is too high.This method is difficult to satisfy mobile phone, computer carries out the practical requirement of the transfer of data of high reliability.
Dual-tone multifrequency (Dual Tone Multi Frequency is called for short DTMF) is the signaling method by AT&T Labs's exploitation, and the analog of telephone line transmission dialing information through voice-bearer is widely used in telephone communication.DTMF is made up of high frequency group and low frequency group, and high frequency group and low frequency group respectively comprise 4 frequencies.A composite signal is formed in a high-frequency signal and a low frequency signal stack, represent a numeral, so dtmf signal has 16 codings.If traditional DTMF mode directly is applied in audio frequency of mobile terminal data communication aspect, some problems below existing: 1, have the dialing tone that can be heard in the transmission, the dialing tone of long period can let the user uncomfortable; 2, (the International Telephone and Telegraph Consultative Committee of CCITT; Be called for short CCITT) stipulate that per second is at most by 10 keys; Be the shortest 100MS of being of each key time slot, the actual duration of its sound intermediate frequency is at least 45MS, is not more than 55MS; Keep in the other times of time slot mourning in silence; When therefore button produced double-audio signal, two a period of times in sigtnal interval in succession, this mode of hardware decoder that is applicable to was difficult to by the software processes of portable terminals such as mobile phone; 3, behind the microphone location, the influence of environmental noise will cause the judgement of quiet period inaccurate; 4, do not consider data check and error correction.
Transmit data if adopt the mode of single-tone multifrequency acoustic signals; Its shortcoming is in each time period, and single-frequency signals can only be represented a numerical value, and the unit data quantity transmitted is not enough; The time lengthening that causes transfer of data more is subject to the environmental noise influence and mistake occurs.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiency that exists in the prior art; The present invention provides a kind of high reliability data transmission method and device based on the dual-tone multifrequency sound wave; On the basis of physique that does not change the terminal and operating system, utilize the loudspeaker at terminal and the transfer of data that microphone is realized high reliability.
Technical scheme: the high reliability data transmission method based on the dual-tone multifrequency sound wave according to the invention comprises the steps:
A kind of high reliability data transmission method based on the dual-tone multifrequency sound wave comprises the steps:
(1) at first calculate the check value that needs the transmission data through data generating unit, giving needs the transmission data to add verification beginning flag and check value, forms partial data;
(2) again through the partial data of dual-tone multifrequency information coding unit to obtaining in the step (1), the contrast coding rule is transformed on the corresponding dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal, forms continuous dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information according to sending duration;
(3) send acoustic signals through dual-tone multifrequency sound wave transmitting element control sound-producing device continuously according to dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information, and constantly circulation, accomplish or arrive time-out time until transmission;
(4) through dual-tone multifrequency sound wave receiving element, the acoustic signals that control listening device short distance reception sound-producing device sends reaches length requirement until the audio-frequency information that receives, and preserves the complete audio-frequency information that receives, and the initial value of setting period i is 0;
(5) through dual-tone multifrequency information decoding unit the complete audio-frequency information of preserving is calculated parsing; Contrast and the identical coding rule of step (2); The time slice that complete audio-frequency information is divided into respective number by sending duration length; According to the amplitude size sequence, choosing two frequencies in each time slice and resolving by its dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal that constitutes is respective value, forms one group of partial data; Through data verification units this partial data is carried out verification, judge whether success of verification, if judged result is for being then to accomplish the transfer of data of dual-tone multifrequency sound wave;
(6) if the judged result in the step (5) for not, judges then whether period i=n sets up, if judged result is for being, the data transmission fails of multifrequency sound wave then, wherein, n is the natural number greater than 1;
(7) if the judged result in the step (6) for not, then squints the original position of the complete audio-frequency information that receives in the step (4) backward and preserves i=i+1 again after the shift time length; Return step (5), said shift time length is the 1/n of sending duration length.
Said method can also adopt the computer software method to realize.
Data generating unit can adopt CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check in the said step (1); CRC) check addition calculates the check value that needs the transmission data; Can also be other checking algorithms, like bcc (block check character exclusive or check method), parity check (Parity Check) etc.; The verification beginning flag can be " 0F ".
Frequency of sound wave scope corresponding in the said step (2) in 16KHz～22KHz scope, the sound in this frequency range, the mankind are difficult to discover, but the loudspeaker of mobile phone, computer, microphone etc. but can be handled.
Coding rule in the said step (2) can adopt PCM (Pulse-code modulation; Pulse code modulation) audio coding; Pcm audio most mobile phones of coding and computer can both be supported, combine multiple compaction algorithms method simultaneously, can reduce data volume and transmission quantity.The pcm audio coding is a kind of number method of analog signal, and its intensity with signal is divided into several sections according to same spacing, uses unique digital mark then.In step (2),, in step (4), preserve the audio-frequency information that receives through the pcm audio coding through the conversion of pcm audio coding completion partial data.
Acoustic signals sends with sine waveform in the said step (3).
The acoustic signals sample frequency that listening device receives in the said step (4) 44.1KHz or more than, make that the acoustic signals in 16KKHz～22KHz scope can be rebuild fully from sample.
A kind of device that is used to realize above-mentioned high reliability data transmission method based on the dual-tone multifrequency sound wave; Comprise be connected with sound-producing device with the transmitting terminal that sends acoustic signals be connected with listening device to receive the receiving terminal of acoustic signals; Said transmitting terminal comprises data generating unit, dual-tone multifrequency information coding unit and dual-tone multifrequency sound wave transmitting element, and said receiving terminal comprises dual-tone multifrequency sound wave receiving element, dual-tone multifrequency information decoding unit and data verification units;
Said data generating unit is calculated the check value that needs the transmission data, and giving needs the transmission data to add verification beginning flag and check value, forms partial data;
Said dual-tone multifrequency information coding unit; Each numerical value of the partial data that data generating unit is generated is transformed on the corresponding dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal; Form continuous dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information according to sending duration, realize the corresponding conversion of data and dual-tone multifrequency acoustic signals;
Said dual-tone multifrequency sound wave transmitting element, the control sound-producing device sends acoustic signals continuously by the dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information that dual-tone multifrequency information coding unit is converted to;
Said dual-tone multifrequency sound wave receiving element, the control listening device receives the acoustic signals that sound-producing device sends, and preservation information;
Said dual-tone multifrequency information decoding unit calculates the information that dual-tone multifrequency sound wave receiving element is preserved, decode;
Said data verification units is carried out verification to decoded data.
Said sound-producing device is that loudspeaker or other can send the hardware module of sound wave, and said listening device is that microphone or other can receive the hardware module of sound wave.
Beneficial effect: a kind of high reliability data transmitting device and method thereof provided by the invention based on double frequency multifrequency sound wave; Low to hardware requirement; Only need outfit loudspeaker, microphone just can carry out transfer of data; Can on mobile phone, computer, use, help realizing fast, at low cost application and service; When the dual-tone multifrequency information decoding, relatively gather the method for value after the employing multistep calculations of offset, the difficult problem that the effective address signal start bit is searched; When data generation and data verification, adopt checksum algorithm to guarantee data consistency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the inventive method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done explanation further.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as a kind of high reliability data transmitting device based on double frequency multifrequency sound wave, comprise transmitting terminal that is connected with loudspeaker and the receiving terminal that is connected with microphone, said transmitting terminal is mobile phone or computer, and receiving terminal also is mobile phone or computer; Said transmitting terminal comprises data generating unit, dual-tone multifrequency information coding unit and dual-tone multifrequency sound wave transmitting element, and said receiving terminal comprises dual-tone multifrequency sound wave receiving element, dual-tone multifrequency information decoding unit and data verification units.
Said data generating unit is calculated the check value that needs the transmission data, and giving needs the transmission data to add verification beginning flag and check value, forms partial data; Said dual-tone multifrequency information coding unit; Each numerical value of the partial data that data generating unit is generated is transformed on the corresponding dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal; Form continuous dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information according to sending duration, realize the corresponding conversion of data and dual-tone multifrequency acoustic signals; Said dual-tone multifrequency sound wave transmitting element, the control loudspeaker send acoustic signals continuously by the dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information that dual-tone multifrequency information coding unit is converted to.
Said dual-tone multifrequency sound wave receiving element, the control microphone receives the acoustic signals that loudspeaker send, and preservation information; Said dual-tone multifrequency information decoding unit calculates the information that dual-tone multifrequency sound wave receiving element is preserved, decode; Said data verification units is carried out verification to decoded data.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as a kind of high reliability data transmission method based on the dual-tone multifrequency sound wave; The definition sending duration is 40ms; Keep acting in agreement of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, and digital coding unit and the identical coding rule of data decode unit employing, concrete transmitting step is following:
(1) adopting the CRC check method to give through data generating unit needs the transmission data to add verification beginning flag and check value, forms partial data.Adopt 16 system modes to define partial data; 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, A, B, C, D, E and 16 numerical value of F; Corresponding one by one with 16 groups of double-tone frequencies respectively, dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal corresponding codes table is as shown in table 1 in this example.
The stack of table 1 dual-tone multifrequency is good corresponding codes table earlier
| Low frequency/high frequency | 18100 | 18400 | 18700 | 19000 |
| 16100 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 16400 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| 16700 | 8 | 9 | A | B |
| 17000 | C | D | E | F |
Can learn superposed signal according to table 1 corresponding to the dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal of each numerical value, as shown in table 2.
Table 2 is corresponding to the superposed signal of the dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal of each numerical value
The partial data length that each multifrequency sound wave sends is 14, and wherein preceding 82 is the verification beginning flag of predefined in order to need the transmission data, and 4 is check value, and the verification beginning flag in this example is " 0F "; As shown in table 3 is the partial data simple examples table of a dual-tone multifrequency.
The partial data simple examples table of a dual-tone multifrequency of table 3
(2) partial data to obtaining in the step (1); Coding rule through the dual-tone multifrequency information coding unit table of comparisons 1; Be transformed on the corresponding dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal; Form continuous dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information based on sending duration, this corresponding frequency of sound wave scope is in 16KHz～22KHz scope;
(3) send acoustic signals through dual-tone multifrequency sound wave transmitting element control loudspeaker continuously according to dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information, and constantly circulation, accomplish or arrive time-out time until transmission;
(4) acoustic signals that sends through microphone short distance reception loudspeaker reaches length requirement until the audio-frequency information that receives, and preserves the complete audio-frequency information that receives, and the initial value of setting period i is 0;
(5) through dual-tone multifrequency information decoding unit the complete audio-frequency information of preserving is calculated parsing; Contrast and the identical coding rule of step (2); The time slice that complete audio-frequency information is divided into respective number by sending duration length; According to the amplitude size sequence, choosing two frequencies in each time slice and resolving by its dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal that constitutes is respective value, forms one group of partial data; Through data verification units this partial data is carried out verification, judge whether success of verification, if judged result is for being then to accomplish the transfer of data of dual-tone multifrequency sound wave;
(6) if the judged result in the step (5) for not, judges then whether period i=n sets up, if judged result is for being, the data transmission fails of multifrequency sound wave then, wherein, n is the natural number greater than 1;
(7) if the judged result in the step (6) for not, then squints the original position of the complete audio-frequency information that receives in the step (4) backward and preserves i=i+1 again after the shift time length; Return step (5), said shift time length is the 1/n of sending duration length.
The coding rule that adopts in this example is the pcm audio coding; In step (2), pass through the pcm audio coding and accomplish the conversion of partial data; In step (4), preserve the audio-frequency information that receives, combine multiple compaction algorithms method simultaneously, to reduce data volume and transmission quantity through the pcm audio coding.
Acoustic signals sends with sine waveform in the said step (3), and the sine wave that generates the dual-tone multifrequency stack depends on parameter: two sine wave freuqencies, sample frequency, bit depth, and like 16100HZ+18100HZ, 44.1K sample frequency, 16 bit depth.Use the sin function can generate the sine wave output voice data, the sine value of a radian of sin function calculation.The stepping radian value computing formula of each sampled point is: (2* π)/(sample frequency/sine wave freuqency).In two frequencies, the maximum intensity value and the minimal intensity value of 16 bit depth voice datas of each frequency are respectively 16383 and-16384.Calculate the stepping radian sine value of the sampled point of each frequency in two frequencies and the product of intensity level,, will be filled in the data field of PCM form, just accomplished the modulation of the audio volume control of stack with value with two product value additions.This example adopts said method to generate the Wave data of dual-tone multifrequency stack.
The signal drop causes producing the noise that people's ear can be heard when avoiding between the frequency conversion; The touch-tone signal of each transmission is in the cycle; The intermediate intensity value is the highest, and the intensity value of left end is increased to the highest successively by zero, the intensity value of right-hand member successively by the highest be reduced to minimum; Realize smooth transformation, avoid producing noise.
Transmitting terminal sends acoustic signals continuously by dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information, and loop play is until transmission completion or overtime.
Receiving terminal detects the dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information that recording obtains, and promptly calculates the double-tone frequency of the audio signal in each duration section, and the contrast coding rule is confirmed relevant numerical.According to nyquist sampling theorem, " if signal is a band limit, and sample frequency is higher than one times of signal bandwidth, and so, continuous signal originally can rebuild from sample fully." the recording sample frequency that adopts of this example is 44.1K or higher frequency, makes the ultrasonic signal of 16K-22K HZ from sample, to rebuild fully.
Frequency spectrum analysis to signal can be judged frequency information, and in this example, receiving terminal adopts for the Frequency and Amplitude value of audio signal the analysis of signal spectrum and calculates not only effectively but also Goertzel algorithm fast.
In this example, during decoded data, be that per 40 milliseconds audio-frequency information is 1 frame with the single frequency duration, during 14 partial data transmission, totally 600 milliseconds of one whole recording represent that promptly the information of 14 frame partial datas adds that 1 vertical shift keeps information; Per 1 frame information to 14 frame informations calculates parsing, and the range value of 8 frequencies in this frame in the coding rule causes erroneous judgement for avoiding a frame across two signal periods, when calculating range value, only the preceding 20 milliseconds audio-frequency information of every frame participated in computing; The frequency that ordering amplitude value preceding 3 is big is designated as frequency 1, frequency 2, the frequency 3 of this frame.
After the Frequency and Amplitude value of 14 frames is calculated and accomplished,, form 14 complete data and carry out verification frequency 1, the frequency 2 combination value corresponding of each frame.If verification failure, then more successively preface form 14 complete data and carry out verification with frequency 1, frequency 3 combinations and frequency 2, frequency 3 combination value corresponding replacement frequencies 1, the frequency 2 combination value corresponding of each frame.
If the start bit of complete audio-frequency information is improper; If one frame possibly will cause the erroneous judgement of Frequency and Amplitude value across two signal periods, so still verification failure; Then the original position with complete audio-frequency information squints 10 milliseconds backward; Again carry out this step, multiple 4 times of gross weight all executes up to verification succeeds or skew number of times.Alternative combination of frequency is participated in computing, can effectively improve the data parsing success rate, eliminates the influence of environmental noise, sensitivity of microphone.For avoiding erroneous judgement and reducing operand, for the calculation step of 4 different start bits, can gather peak frequency range value summation respectively, the data of a step that the verification summation is preceding 2 are ignored after the summation data of 2 step.
For 14 partial datas of each group, the method for calibration of every group of data is following: circulation searching verification beginning flag, the position rearrangement reaction data by the verification beginning flag occurs move to the data forefront with verification beginning flag data backward.At this moment, preceding 4 is check value, the 5th to the 12nd 8 bit data for needing to transmit, and whether the check value that calculates 8 bit data equals preceding 4 bit check values; If equate, then drawing this 8 bit data is the data that correct need transmit, and transfer of data completes successfully; If unequal, then continue other check values of respectively organizing data of cycle calculations and whether equate.Through the verification of 4 bit check values, guaranteed the accuracy of data.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Be noted that for those skilled in the art; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. high reliability data transmission method based on the dual-tone multifrequency sound wave, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
(1) at first calculate the check value that needs the transmission data through data generating unit, giving needs the transmission data to add verification beginning flag and check value, forms partial data;
(2) again through the partial data of dual-tone multifrequency information coding unit to obtaining in the step (1), the contrast coding rule is transformed on the corresponding dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal, forms continuous dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information according to sending duration;
(3) send acoustic signals through dual-tone multifrequency sound wave transmitting element control sound-producing device continuously according to dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information, and constantly circulation, accomplish or arrive time-out time until transmission;
(4) through dual-tone multifrequency sound wave receiving element, the acoustic signals that control listening device short distance reception sound-producing device sends reaches length requirement until the audio-frequency information that receives, and preserves the complete audio-frequency information that receives, and the initial value of setting period i is 0;
(5) through dual-tone multifrequency information decoding unit the complete audio-frequency information of preserving is calculated parsing; Contrast and the identical coding rule of step (2); The time slice that complete audio-frequency information is divided into respective number by sending duration length; According to the amplitude size sequence, choosing two frequencies in each time slice and resolving by its dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal that constitutes is respective value, forms one group of partial data; Through data verification units this partial data is carried out verification, judge whether success of verification, if judged result is for being then to accomplish the transfer of data of dual-tone multifrequency sound wave;
(6) if the judged result in the step (5) for not, judges then whether period i=n sets up, if judged result is for being, the data transmission fails of multifrequency sound wave then, wherein, n is the natural number greater than 1;
(7) if the judged result in the step (6) for not, then squints the original position of the complete audio-frequency information that receives in the step (4) backward and preserves i=i+1 again after the shift time length; Return step (5), said shift time length is the 1/n of sending duration length.
2. the high reliability data transmission method based on the dual-tone multifrequency sound wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that: data generating unit adopts the check value that the CRC check method is calculated needs the transmission data in the said step (1).
3. the high reliability data transmission method based on the dual-tone multifrequency sound wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that: frequency of sound wave scope corresponding in the said step (2) is in 16KHz～22KHz scope.
4. the high reliability data transmission method based on the dual-tone multifrequency sound wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the coding rule in the said step (2) is the pcm audio coding.
5. the high reliability data transmission method based on the dual-tone multifrequency sound wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that: acoustic signals sends with sine waveform in the said step (3).
6. the high reliability data transmission method based on the dual-tone multifrequency sound wave according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the acoustic signals sample frequency that listening device receives in the said step (4) 44.1KHz or more than.
7. device that is used to realize the described high reliability data transmission method based on the dual-tone multifrequency sound wave of claim 1 is characterized in that: this device comprise be connected with sound-producing device with the transmitting terminal that sends acoustic signals be connected with listening device to receive the receiving terminal of acoustic signals; Said transmitting terminal comprises data generating unit, dual-tone multifrequency information coding unit and dual-tone multifrequency sound wave transmitting element, and said receiving terminal comprises dual-tone multifrequency sound wave receiving element, dual-tone multifrequency information decoding unit and data verification units;
Said data generating unit is calculated the check value that needs the transmission data, and giving needs the transmission data to add verification beginning flag and check value, forms partial data;
Said dual-tone multifrequency information coding unit; Each numerical value of the partial data that data generating unit is generated is transformed on the corresponding dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal; Form continuous dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information according to sending duration, realize the corresponding conversion of data and dual-tone multifrequency acoustic signals;
Said dual-tone multifrequency sound wave transmitting element, the control sound-producing device sends acoustic signals continuously by the dual-tone multifrequency superposed signal information that dual-tone multifrequency information coding unit is converted to;
Said dual-tone multifrequency sound wave receiving element, the control listening device receives the acoustic signals that sound-producing device sends, and preservation information;
Said dual-tone multifrequency information decoding unit calculates the information that dual-tone multifrequency sound wave receiving element is preserved, decode;
Said data verification units is carried out verification to decoded data.
8. device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: said sound-producing device is loudspeaker, and said listening device is a microphone.
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