CN102394027B - Structure of armillary sphere system for ancient water-powered astronomical clock tower - Google Patents
Structure of armillary sphere system for ancient water-powered astronomical clock tower Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102394027B CN102394027B CN 201110188911 CN201110188911A CN102394027B CN 102394027 B CN102394027 B CN 102394027B CN 201110188911 CN201110188911 CN 201110188911 CN 201110188911 A CN201110188911 A CN 201110188911A CN 102394027 B CN102394027 B CN 102394027B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- monocycle
- component
- hub
- day
- sighting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical group OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000270666 Testudines Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000004859 Gamochaeta purpurea Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a structure of an armillary sphere system for an ancient water-powered astronomical clock tower. The structure comprises a six-cardinal-point component which is supported by four dragon pillars on a water instep, wherein an upward moon structure is arranged on the six-cardinal-point component; a three-luminary set is arranged in the six-cardinal-point component; a sighting-tube ring is arranged in the three-luminary set; the three-luminary set and the sighting-tube ring can respectively rotate around a same axis; a certain angle is formed between the axis and the horizontal plane; a turtle base is arranged on the water instep; a supporting pillar for a driving system is hidden in the turtle base; the three-luminary set can follow the motion of a star; on the basis of the adjustment for a weft angle of the sighting-tube ring and a meridian position of a sighting tube, the sighting tube can be used for tracking and observing the star; under the action of the driving system, the three-luminary set can be used for distinguishing a solar day from a sidereal day; and the upward moon structure and the water instep structure can be used for adjusting the precision of the structure of the armillary sphere system. The structure provided by the invention can be used for distinguishing the solar day from the sidereal day and conveniently adjusting the precision.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the astronomical instrument field, particularly a kind of armillary sphere system architecture that resembles platform for water transport in ancient times instrument.
Background technology
The water transport instrument resembles the large-scale astronomical instrument that platform is (1086～1093) design in the period of the Yuan Yu in the Northern Song Dynasty, collect timing, observe, be illustrated as one, it is Ancient Chinese rare large-scale scientific and technological masterpiece of generation, having condensed Ancient Chinese and reached many-sided achievements such as astronomy and calendrical calculation, metallurgical casting, mechanical technology, construction work of hayday for science and technology, is Ancient Chinese representative major inventions and creations of generation.
From nineteen fifties, Chinese scholars and research institution have dropped into great concern to the recovery that the water transport instrument resembles platform.1958, The National Museum of Chinese History researcher Wang Zhenduo made the restoration model that first water transport instrument resembles platform by 1: 5 scale down; The model that dwindles that the water transport instrument resembles platform has also been restored in the sixties in American's Khenpo Ritchie; In the later stage nineties, the Museum of Natural Sciences in the platform of Taiwan has produced the water transport instrument and has resembled the platform Mock Up; Subsequently in Japan's another former big restoration model that completed again.Yet in recuperation, unclear owing to what put down in writing on the ancient book, exist a lot of controversial problems.For example whether pivot wheel is taken turns with pivot by kettle to relatively rotate, principle of work of control gear, the type of gearing etc.A lot of structures need detailed demonstration and analysis when restoring.
Armillary sphere is Ancient Times in China tradition astronomical observation instrument, the history in existing more than 2,000 year, and it approximately originates the initial stage in the Warring states, and the Western Han Dynastry is on the books period.In the very long years, to complicated, Sui, Tang Yihou have experienced again by numerous type-approval process gradually to letter the armillary sphere one-piece construction by simply.The characteristics that the water transport instrument resembles the armillary sphere maximum on the platform are that it can be servo-actuated." new instrument resemble method want " lining has: " swash wheel with water, it is all moving that wheel then instrument resemble, and the method for all families of this dual-purpose also armillary sphere then goes up and waits three occasion trip degree, and Ceng Huangdao is monocycle; halfbody day by day in the ring, makes dioptra Chang Zhiri, day body key in the vault of being everlasting; day head west a week, and day east is once moved, and this goes out new meaning also." illustrate that the water transport instrument resembles platform armillary sphere and dioptra under the water wheels that mechanicalness mechanism controls drive, can be with the celestial body running that is observed, this is the blank of modern astronomical observatory follow-up machinery.
The each several part that the water transport instrument resembles the platform armillary sphere forms that lining is on the books " the new instrument method that resembles is wanted ", but the record of concrete structure is not quite clear.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly resemble the armillary sphere system architecture of platform for water transport in ancient times instrument, can distinguish solar day and sidereal day, can also conveniently carry out the adjustment of precision.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme taked of the present invention is:
A kind of armillary sphere system architecture that resembles platform for water transport in ancient times instrument, comprise component of the six cardinal points 1, component of the six cardinal points 1 is supported by four on the water instep 5 imperial posts 4, component of the six cardinal points 1 is provided with faces upward a moon structure, is provided with component of the three arrangers of time 2 in the component of the six cardinal points 1, is provided with sighting-tube ring 3 in the component of the three arrangers of time 2, component of the three arrangers of time 2, sighting-tube ring 3 can rotate around a common axis respectively, this axis and surface level at angle, water instep 5 is provided with huge legendary turtle cloud 6, the latent Tianzhus that kinematic train is arranged in the huge legendary turtle cloud 6;
Component of the six cardinal points 1 is fixed together through dicyclo 16, yin channel monocycle 15 and a day Chang Danhuan 14 by the sky and forms, and yin channel monocycle 15 horizontal positioned day are vertically placed through dicyclo 16, day Chang Danhuan 14 in yin channel monocycle 15 and sky in dicyclo 16 and angled with surface level;
Component of the three arrangers of time 2 is fixed together by component of the three arrangers of time dicyclo 11, ecliptic dicyclo 17, equator monocycle 13, four-quadrant monocycle 7 and God's will monocycle 12 and forms, equator monocycle 13 is perpendicular to turning axle, component of the three arrangers of time dicyclo 11 is perpendicular to equator monocycle 13, four-quadrant monocycle 7 is perpendicular to equator monocycle 13 and component of the three arrangers of time dicyclo 11, and God's will monocycle 12 is parallel to equator monocycle 13;
Sighting-tube ring 3 is formed by sighting-tube ring dicyclo 10 and straight being fixed together apart from 8, directly be fixed on the sighting-tube ring dicyclo 10 along the turning axle direction apart from 8, in sighting-tube ring dicyclo 10, be provided with dioptra 9, porose at sighting-tube ring dicyclo 10 circle centre positions, on the dioptra 9 turning axle is arranged, dioptra 9 cooperates by axis hole and connects with the sighting-tube ring dicyclo, and dioptra 9 can rotate in sighting-tube ring dicyclo 10 around its turning axle, dioptra 9 hollows, the observer utilizes this hollow hole to observe celestial body;
Kinematic train comprise take turns 21 on the Tianzhu, day hub 19 and God's will monocycle 12, wheel 21 is by preceding hub 20 transmissions of exodontia and day hub 19 on the Tianzhu, the back hub 18 of day hub 19 takes turns turning over n 21 each solar day by exodontia and 12 transmissions of God's will monocycle on the Tianzhu
1Individual exodontia has n on God's will monocycle 12 circumference
2Individual exodontia, n
1＞n
2, the preceding hub 20 of day hub 19 and back hub 18 are provided with exodontia;
Facing upward a moon structure comprises and faces upward months 22, face upward in the preceding hub 20 and back hub 18 that is located at day hub 19 moon 22, and be fixed on the component of the six cardinal points 1 by column, the top of facing upward the moon 22 is the circular holes that have breach, semicircle orifice below utilizing supports day hub 19 rotating shafts, sky hub 19 can also be taken out from top breach, face upward months 22 and can realize regularly that wheel 21 misses once on day hub 19 and the Tianzhu and stir, guarantee that component of the three arrangers of time 2 turns around corresponding sidereal day;
Water instep 5 upper surfaces are provided with ditch 23, and there is bucket 25 at four angles of water instep 5, and there is gantry 24 center of water instep;
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: component of the three arrangers of time 2 can be followed the tracks of the motion of celestial body, the parallel angle by adjusting sighting-tube ring 3, dioptra 9 through line position, can come the tracking observation celestial body by dioptra; Can be made the differentiation of 2 realization solar days of component of the three arrangers of time and sidereal day by the kinematic train of taking turns 21 on the Tianzhu, preceding hub 20, back hub 18, God's will monocycle 12 are formed; By face upward a moon structure, water instep 5 structures can be adjusted the precision of armillary sphere system architecture.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is one-piece construction synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is structural representations of component of the six cardinal points 1 of the present invention, component of the three arrangers of time 2 and sighting-tube ring 3.
Accompanying drawing 3 is kinematic train synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 4 is that the present invention faces upward moon structure 22 synoptic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 5 is water instep 5 structural representations of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in detail.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of armillary sphere system architecture that resembles platform for water transport in ancient times instrument, comprise component of the six cardinal points 1, component of the six cardinal points 1 is supported by four on the water instep 5 imperial posts 4, and component of the six cardinal points 1 is provided with faces upward a moon structure, be provided with component of the three arrangers of time 2 in the component of the six cardinal points 1, be provided with sighting-tube ring 3 in the component of the three arrangers of time 2, component of the three arrangers of time 2, sighting-tube ring 3 can rotate around a common axis respectively, and this axis and surface level are at angle, water instep 5 is provided with huge legendary turtle cloud 6, the latent Tianzhu that kinematic train is arranged in the huge legendary turtle cloud 6;
With reference to Fig. 2, component of the six cardinal points 1 is fixed together through dicyclo 16, yin channel monocycle 15 and a day Chang Danhuan 14 by the sky and forms, yin channel monocycle 15 horizontal positioned day are vertically placed through dicyclo 16, day Chang Danhuan 14 in yin channel monocycle 15 and sky in dicyclo 16 and angled with surface level;
With reference to Fig. 2, component of the three arrangers of time 2 is fixed together by component of the three arrangers of time dicyclo 11, ecliptic dicyclo 17, equator monocycle 13, four-quadrant monocycle 7 and God's will monocycle 12 and forms, equator monocycle 13 is perpendicular to turning axle, component of the three arrangers of time dicyclo 11 is perpendicular to equator monocycle 13, four-quadrant monocycle 7 is perpendicular to equator monocycle 13 and component of the three arrangers of time dicyclo 11, and God's will monocycle 12 is parallel to equator monocycle 13;
With reference to Fig. 2, sighting-tube ring 3 is formed by sighting-tube ring dicyclo 10 and straight being fixed together apart from 8, directly be fixed on the sighting-tube ring dicyclo 10 along the turning axle direction apart from 8, in sighting-tube ring dicyclo 10, be provided with dioptra 9, porose at sighting-tube ring dicyclo 10 circle centre positions, on the dioptra 9 turning axle is arranged, dioptra 9 cooperates by axis hole and connects with the sighting-tube ring dicyclo, dioptra 9 can rotate in sighting-tube ring dicyclo 10 around its turning axle, dioptra 9 hollows, and the observer utilizes this hollow hole to observe celestial body;
With reference to Fig. 3, kinematic train comprise take turns 21 on the Tianzhu, day hub 19 and God's will monocycle 12, wheel 21 is by preceding hub 20 transmissions of exodontia and day hub 19 on the Tianzhu, the back hub 18 of day hub 19 takes turns turning over n 21 each solar day by exodontia and 12 transmissions of God's will monocycle on the Tianzhu
1Individual exodontia has n on God's will monocycle 12 circumference
2Individual exodontia, n
1＞n
2, the preceding hub 20 of day hub 19 and back hub 18 are provided with exodontia, realize the differentiation of solar day and sidereal day;
With reference to Fig. 4, facing upward a moon structure comprises and faces upward months 22, face upward in the preceding hub 20 and back hub 18 that is located at day hub 19 moon 22, and be fixed on the component of the six cardinal points 1 by column, the top of facing upward the moon 22 is the circular holes that have breach, and the semicircle orifice below utilizing supports day hub 19 rotating shafts, can also be with sky hub 19 from top breach taking-up, face upward months 22 and can realize regularly that wheel 21 misses once on day hub 19 and the Tianzhu and stir, guarantee that component of the three arrangers of time 2 turns around corresponding sidereal day;
With reference to Fig. 5, water instep 5 upper surfaces are provided with ditch 23, and there is bucket 25 at four angles of water instep 5, and there is gantry 24 center of water instep, utilize the ditch 23 of water instep 5 and the level that 25 li water levels of bucket are realized the water instep;
Principle of work of the present invention is: component of the six cardinal points 1 maintains static, component of the three arrangers of time 2 along with God's will monocycle 12 around rotating along parallel with the angled axis of surface level, the sighting-tube ring dicyclo 10 of sighting-tube ring 3 and directly can rotate freely along parallel around same axis apart from 8, dioptra 9 can freely rotate along warp with respect to sighting-tube ring 3;
Exodontia quantity n
1And n
2So sidereal day accurately on the realization theory fully is the angle that needs regular adjustment component of the three arrangers of time 2 to turn over.Face upward months 22 rotations of supporting day hub 19, when needs carry out precision when adjusting, only preceding hub 20 ends of sky hub 19 need be lifted, make it with Tianzhu on wheel 21 miss once and stir, so just can guarantee that component of the three arrangers of time 2 rotates a circle sidereal day of correspondence;
Whole armillary sphere system need guarantee yin channel monocycle 15 levels.The ditch 23 that the water instep is 5 li and bucket fill water for 25 li, just can judge whether level of water instep according to the water level of each end, also provide convenience for adjusting simultaneously, have guaranteed the realization of precision.
Claims (1)
1. one kind is used for the armillary sphere system architecture that water transport in ancient times instrument resembles platform, comprise component of the six cardinal points (1), it is characterized in that: component of the six cardinal points (1) is supported by the four imperial posts (4) on the water instep (5), component of the six cardinal points (1) is provided with faces upward a moon structure (22), be provided with component of the three arrangers of time (2) in the component of the six cardinal points (1), be provided with sighting-tube ring (3) in the component of the three arrangers of time (2), component of the three arrangers of time (2), sighting-tube ring (3) can rotate around a common axis respectively, this axis and surface level are at angle, water instep (5) is provided with huge legendary turtle cloud (6), the latent Tianzhu that kinematic train is arranged in the huge legendary turtle cloud (6);
Component of the six cardinal points (1) is fixed together through dicyclo (16), yin channel monocycle (15) and a day Chang Danhuan (14) by the sky and forms, yin channel monocycle (15) horizontal positioned, it is vertically placed through dicyclo (16), day Chang Danhuan (14) in yin channel monocycle (15) and sky in dicyclo (16) and angled with surface level;
Component of the three arrangers of time (2) is fixed together by component of the three arrangers of time dicyclo (11), ecliptic dicyclo (17), equator monocycle (13), four-quadrant monocycle (7) and God's will monocycle (12) and forms, equator monocycle (13) is perpendicular to described axis, component of the three arrangers of time dicyclo (11) is perpendicular to equator monocycle (13), four-quadrant monocycle (7) is perpendicular to equator monocycle (13) and component of the three arrangers of time dicyclo (11), and God's will monocycle (12) is parallel to equator monocycle (13);
Sighting-tube ring (3) is formed by sighting-tube ring dicyclo (10) and straight being fixed together apart from (8), straight distance (8) is fixed on the sighting-tube ring dicyclo (10) along described axis direction, in sighting-tube ring dicyclo (10), be provided with dioptra (9), porose at sighting-tube ring dicyclo (10) circle centre position, dioptra has turning axle on (9), dioptra (9) cooperates by axis hole and connects with the sighting-tube ring dicyclo, dioptra (9) can rotate in sighting-tube ring dicyclo (10) around its turning axle, dioptra (9) hollow, the observer utilizes the hollow of this dioptra (9) to observe celestial body;
Kinematic train comprises wheel (21) on the Tianzhu, day hub (19) and God's will monocycle (12), wheel (21) is by preceding hub (20) transmission of exodontia and day hub (19) on the Tianzhu, the back hub (18) of it hub (19) takes turns turning over n (21) each solar day by exodontia and God's will monocycle (12) transmission on the Tianzhu
1Individual exodontia has n on God's will monocycle (12) circumference
2Individual exodontia, n
1N
2, preceding hub (20) and the back hub (18) of day hub (19) are provided with exodontia;
Facing upward a moon structure comprises and faces upward month (22), face upward in the preceding hub (20) and back hub (18) that is located at a day hub (19) moon (22), and be fixed on the component of the six cardinal points (1) by column, the top of facing upward month (22) is the circular hole that has breach, semicircle orifice below utilizing supports day hub (a 19) rotating shaft, sky hub (19) can also be taken out from top breach, face upward month (22) and can realize regularly that wheel (21) misses once on a day hub (19) and the Tianzhu and stir, guarantee that component of the three arrangers of time (2) turns around sidereal day of correspondence;
Water instep (5) upper surface is provided with ditch (23), and there is bucket (25) at four angles of water instep (5), and there is gantry (24) center of water instep.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110188911 CN102394027B (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Structure of armillary sphere system for ancient water-powered astronomical clock tower |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110188911 CN102394027B (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Structure of armillary sphere system for ancient water-powered astronomical clock tower |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102394027A CN102394027A (en) | 2012-03-28 |
| CN102394027B true CN102394027B (en) | 2013-09-04 |
Family
ID=45861333
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110188911 Expired - Fee Related CN102394027B (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Structure of armillary sphere system for ancient water-powered astronomical clock tower |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102394027B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103137004B (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2015-01-21 | 清华大学 | Pivot wheel control system structure for astronomical clock tower |
| CN103912667B (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2016-07-13 | 清华大学 | A kind of actuating device for instrument platform for waterway transportation and transmission number of teeth proportion design method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2033147U (en) * | 1988-05-02 | 1989-02-22 | 水利电力部南京电力自动化设备厂 | Meridian ring-moving instrument for looking up and overlooking |
| CN1066523A (en) * | 1991-05-04 | 1992-11-25 | 汪仁虎 | Automatic image instrument |
| CN2163417Y (en) * | 1993-07-23 | 1994-04-27 | 张凯 | Colour stereoscopic celestial globe |
-
2011
- 2011-07-06 CN CN 201110188911 patent/CN102394027B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2033147U (en) * | 1988-05-02 | 1989-02-22 | 水利电力部南京电力自动化设备厂 | Meridian ring-moving instrument for looking up and overlooking |
| CN1066523A (en) * | 1991-05-04 | 1992-11-25 | 汪仁虎 | Automatic image instrument |
| CN2163417Y (en) * | 1993-07-23 | 1994-04-27 | 张凯 | Colour stereoscopic celestial globe |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102394027A (en) | 2012-03-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Thurston | Early astronomy | |
| CN105319941B (en) | Being capable of the clock and watch of sunrise and sunset indicated at the every bit in geoid | |
| CN102394027B (en) | Structure of armillary sphere system for ancient water-powered astronomical clock tower | |
| CN107293209A (en) | Novel analog earth rotation and the teaching aid of revolution | |
| CN201156351Y (en) | Horizon coordinates positioning instrument for solar apparent motion | |
| CN202332072U (en) | Device for demonstrating revolution of sun | |
| CN201207247Y (en) | Instrument platform for waterway transportation | |
| CN108257500A (en) | For the illuminated model of touch of geographical teaching | |
| CN100495254C (en) | Near-the-sun planet astronomic clock | |
| CN208834632U (en) | Day a kind of ground moon three ball running instruments | |
| CN201716919U (en) | Demonstrating instrument for movement of earth, moon and sun | |
| CN2845071Y (en) | Earth and moon operation demonstrator | |
| CN208141668U (en) | A kind of three-globe instrument of illusion space visit and teaching demonstration | |
| CN201549135U (en) | Celestial body operation instrument | |
| Lee et al. | Structure and conceptual design of a water-hammering-type Honsang for restoration | |
| Needham | Astronomy in ancient and medieval China | |
| CN2615792Y (en) | Tellurions | |
| CN220105899U (en) | Daily and earth operation demonstration instrument | |
| CN1066523A (en) | Automatic image instrument | |
| CN103912667B (en) | A kind of actuating device for instrument platform for waterway transportation and transmission number of teeth proportion design method | |
| CN201177915Y (en) | Motion simulation instrument for earth, moon and stars | |
| CN104143274A (en) | Teaching aid capable of displaying forming of celestial body in electric field and moving of celestial body under control of electric field | |
| CN100590680C (en) | Sunshine earth phenomenon instrument | |
| CN201289709Y (en) | Running instrument for sun and earth movement | |
| CN102542900A (en) | Chinese calendar model |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130904 Termination date: 20170706 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |