CN102392627A - Method for improving oil field recovery rate - Google Patents
Method for improving oil field recovery rate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the oil field recovery rate. The method for improving the oil field recovery rate is characterized by using profile control and deep flow diversion dual functional blasting type pre-cross-linked gel particles for improving the oil field recovery rate, wherein the profile control and deep flow diversion dual functional blasting type pre-cross-linked gel particles are gel particles formed by initiating polymerization cross-linking of a monomer, a stable cross-linking agent and an unstable cross-linking agent by an initiator, and drying and grinding the obtained main gel. In reservoir production operation, when the method for improving the oil field recovery rate by pre-cross-linked gel particles for profile control and deep flow diversion, provided by the invention, is used, dual effects of profile control and deep flow diversion can be realized, and simultaneously, the blasting time of the pre-cross-linked gel particles can be controlled by adjusting the concentrations of the stable cross-linking agent and the unstable cross-linking agent, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the operation period.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that improves oil recovery rate, relate in particular to a kind of method of utilizing profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle to improve oil recovery rate, belong to technical field of petroleum extraction.
Background technology
Along with continually developing of oil field, the oil reservoir non-homogeneity is more and more serious, injects water and washes away in a large number, and oil reservoir clay and cement expand, corrosion, and fine migration shakes out to increase the weight of to wait and all can cause geology heterogeneous body situation further to worsen.Often show following problem on stream: horizontal contradiction is outstanding, and water is injected along the high permeability zone formation water channel of advancing by leaps and bounds in the plane; Interlayer contradiction is outstanding, produces that to inhale section inhomogeneous, has the individual layer phenomenon of advancing by leaps and bounds on vertically; Underground viscosity of crude is high, and viscosity ratio of oil and water is big, and the viscous fingering phenomenon is serious etc.
At present, east oilfields has all got into high water-cut stage mostly, and the recovery ratio that how to improve high water-cut stage is an oil circle question of common concern.In recent years, though tertiary oil recovery measures such as polymer flooding have obtained good effect, also there are problems such as displacement of reservoir oil cost is high, the field conduct difficulty is big; Oil reservoir for serious heterogeneity, existence high infiltration band or " macropore "; Still exist partial wells to scurry and gather serious problem; Influenced to annotate and gathered effect; And, often do not reach intended purposes because the limitation of polymer itself makes its effective viscosity loss in the stratum of high temperature, high salinity very big.The ternary composite driving technology also is widely used at old fileds such as grand celebrations gradually; The effect that ternary composite driving utilizes surfactant to reduce interfacial tension reduces capillary force significantly; Profit reaches mixed phase and flows, thereby starts the residual oil in the low-permeability oil deposit, but there is similar problem in the ternary composite driving technology with polymer flooding: shear shinning, influenced by reservoir condition; And polymer flooding and ternary composite driving all can pollute the oil-containing low infiltration layer, make follow-up water drive can not reach best effect.
The deep fluid diversion can overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned technology with profile control agent; At first profile control agent can macropore plugging and high permeability zone, forces to inject water and get into hyposmosis residual oil district, secondly along with the expansion of the profile control degree of depth; Can make and inject water entering remaining oil district, deep, start more multiresidue oil.Profile control agent at present commonly used has two types, and the one, gel-like, the 2nd, particulate species.
The gel-like profile control agent comprises body gel, weak gel and colloidal dispersed gel.The function of body gel mainly is the high strength water breakthrough passage of shutoff near wellbore zone, because form is a semi-solid state, therefore can't go deep into the stratum, is applicable to crack, near wellbore zone and high permeability zone shutoff; Weak gel is main with intramolecular crosslinking, and intermolecular cross-linking is auxilliary, forms the more weak three-dimensional net structure of crosslinking degree; Characteristics with dehydration of body gel have certain integrality, can flow; But the distance of going deep into the stratum is limited, can not reach the effect of deep fluid diversion; Colloidal dispersed gel is that because the concentration of polymer and crosslinking agent is low, the intermolecular chance that bumps is few through the gel rubber system of the non-three-dimensional net structure of the polymer of low concentration and crosslinking agent formation; The tridimensional network of unlikely formation intermolecular cross-linking; The main colloidal particle that is made up of the polymer molecule ball of string of intramolecular crosslinking is dispersed in the aqueous medium, forms the thermodynamic stable system with gel attribute and colloidal nature, and this system does not have globality; Do not have shape, can flow.The characteristics of colloidal dispersed gel are: cost is low, and gelation time is long, is fit to the deep profile controlling and the displacement of reservoir oil, is not suitable for crack and macropore, and the suitable reservoir temperature limit is 94 ℃, clear water preparation, bad adaptability.
The particulate species gel comprises polymer microballoon, volume expansion grain, flexible particle and microcapsules etc., and it adopts the method for precrosslink to have good heat-resistant salt-resistant, shear-stable ability.The expansion rate of polymer microballoon receives the influence of formation water salinity, and the average grain diameter of the microballoon after the expansion is tens sub-micron, shut-off capacity a little less than; Volume expansion grain can carry out the particle diameter adjustment according to different reservoir conditions, and expansion multiple is influenced by formation water salinity, makes intensity influenced less, because the volume expansion grain particle diameter is bigger, so the deep fluid diversion is limited in one's ability.Flexible particle can be migrated in the duct; Distortion is passed through; Produce temporarily stifled dynamic resistance, pulsation phenomenon is arranged, can realize the deep fluid diversion; The proportion of flexible particle can be adjusted according to the proportion of oilfield injection water, and particle diameter can be regulated according to the size in oil field stratum " macropore " and crack.Flexible particle can form dynamic plugging at oil deposit deep part; But wash away crack and the superelevation permeable formation that causes owing to current high strength for nearly well; Must use the stifled agent of high strength to carry out the anti-channeling operation, can not be brought into play to greatest extent otherwise the compliance steer agent improves the effect of recovery ratio.
In sum, up to the present, profile control, deep fluid diversion can not carry out synchronously in the water plugging and profiling technology of oil exploitation, and not seeing any prior art can address this problem.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above; The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that improves oil recovery rate; Through adopting profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle to improve oil recovery rate, can improve the recovery ratio in the oil field of high water-cut stage greatly.
For achieving the above object; The present invention at first provides a kind of method that improves oil recovery rate; It is a kind of method that adopts profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle to improve oil recovery rate; Wherein, above-mentioned profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle are to be caused through initator by monomer, labile cross linker and astable crosslinking agent the gel particle that the resulting body gel of polymerization crosslinking forms through drying and grinding takes place.
In the method for above-mentioned raising oil recovery rate provided by the invention; Preferably; The body gel is at first to use labile cross linker and monomer under the initiation of initator, to carry out precrosslink to form stable cross-linked particles, uses astable crosslinking agent under the initiation of initator, to carry out once more crosslinked and body gel that obtain to formed stable cross-linked particles then.The addition of adjusting astable crosslinking agent can make the precrosslink particle under specific reservoir temperature; At the appointed time interior explosion becomes microparticle; Therefore to different reservoir medias; Adopt the astable crosslinking agent of variable concentrations, the hydrolysis time of pre-crosslinked gel particle is adjusted according to different oil reservoir situations with temperature.
Fig. 1 is the action principle sketch map of pre-crosslinked gel particle of the present invention in oil reservoir.As can be seen from Figure 1; After pre-crosslinked gel particle injects oil reservoir; The pre-crosslinked gel particle that expands is at first macropore plugging and superelevation permeable formation in the oil reservoir near wellbore zone; Make and inject water entering low-permeability layer district's startup residual oil, the pre-crosslinked gel particle of expansion keeps shape can under the reservoir temperature effect, be decomposed into micron order gel particle and submicron order gel particle after a period of time.This generated in-situ micron order and submicron order gel particle can continue to move into oil deposit deep part; And owing to be that gel particle just can be degraded into micron order and submicron order gel particle under the oil reservoir environment and after specifying blasting time (blasting time control can reach through the adjustment gel component).Fig. 2 is the mechanism sketch map of the expansion and the decomposition of pre-crosslinked gel particle of the present invention.As can be seen from Figure 2, gel particle expands in formation water solution, under certain formation temperature and pH value condition, and astable crosslinked fracture, particle deformation becomes micron order and submicron order gel particle, can improve sweep efficiency.This shows that pre-crosslinked gel particle provided by the present invention can be realized the combination of the function of near wellbore zone high permeability zone shutoff and oil deposit deep part fluid diversion.
In the method for raising oil recovery rate provided by the present invention; The monomer that pre-crosslinked gel particle adopted is preferably acrylamide, the perhaps mixture of acrylamide and acrylic acid and/or other monomer, wherein; When adopting acrylamide to mix mutually with acrylic acid; The mass ratio of the two may be controlled to 9: 1, and when adopting other monomer, its addition is identical with acrylic acid.In above-mentioned composition, be main with acrylamide, simultaneously can add a certain proportion of acrylic acid and/or other monomer as required, with acrylamide generation copolyreaction, can make that gel is not degraded within a certain period of time, being kept perfectly property.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention; Preferably, above-mentioned other monomer that adopts comprises one or more in 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid sodium salt (AMPS), methacrylic acid (methacrylic acid), maleic acid (maleic acid), 2-acrylic acid (2-Propenoic acid), sulfopropyl acrylic acid (sulfopropyl acrylic acid), dimethylaminoethylacmethyl methyl chloride (dimethylaminoethylacrylate methyl chloride quaternary salt) and the dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride) etc.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention; Preferably, the labile cross linker that pre-crosslinked gel particle adopted comprises one or more in 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid sodium salt, divinyl acid esters, GDMA, acrylic acid trimethyl propane trimethyl ester and the methene base bisacrylamide etc.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention; Preferably; The astable crosslinking agent that pre-crosslinked gel particle adopted comprises polyethyleneglycol diacrylate (polyethylene glycol diacrylate), polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (polyethylene glycol dimethacrylat), polyethylene glycol, one or more in polypropylene glycol diacrylate (polypropylene glycol diacrylate), glycol diacrylate (ethylene glycol diacrylate), three methanol-based propane, three acrylic acid fat (trimethylopropane trimethacrylate), ethyoxyl tri methylol triacrylate (ethoxylatedtrimethylol triacrylate), ethyoxyl tetramethylol methane tetraacrylate (ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetracrylate) and their derivative etc.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, the initator that pre-crosslinked gel particle adopted is preferably potassium sulfate (K
2S
2O
8), in ammonium persulfate and tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) etc. one or more, more preferably ammonium persulfate.Above-mentioned initator is used for monomer A M is inspired polymerisation, all is normal starter, and initiator concentration also can be a conventional amount used.In twice polymerization crosslinking process, the mass ratio of said initator and said monomer all may be controlled to 1 during polymerization crosslinking each time: 300-5000.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, preferably, in pre-crosslinked gel particle, the ratio of labile cross linker and monomer is 1: 200-8000, this monomer are meant the monomer with this labile cross linker generation polymerization crosslinking.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, preferably, in pre-crosslinked gel particle, the mass ratio of astable crosslinking agent and monomer is 1: 300-3000, this monomer are meant the monomer with this astable crosslinking agent generation polymerization crosslinking.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, preferably, in pre-crosslinked gel particle, the mass ratio of initator and monomer may be controlled to 1: 300.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention, preferably, the particle diameter of the pre-crosslinked gel particle that the present invention adopted is the 100-120 order, about 125-150 μ m.
The temperature range for hydrolysis of the pre-crosslinked gel particle that polymerization provided by the present invention obtains is bigger, to different oil reservoirs, can have different hydrolysis times.
In the method for raising oil recovery rate provided by the present invention, preferably, profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle prepare according to following steps:
(1) acrylamide (when adopting acrylic acid with other monomer, can add in the lump) is added fully dissolving in the distilled water, obtaining mass percent is monomer first solution of 10%-50%;
(2) be that the solvent preparation obtains the labile cross linker solution that concentration is 0.01%-0.1% with distilled water;
(3) with (ratio of the two can be confirmed through the mass ratio of labile cross linker and monomer in labile cross linker solution adding monomer first solution; Labile cross linker and with the mass ratio of the monomer of its generation polymerization crosslinking be 1: 200-8000), obtain first mixed solution;
(4) nitrogen injection purifies 15-60 minute in first mixed solution;
(5) to adding initator through in first mixed solution of nitrogen purge, after stirring, the insulating box of putting into 45-80 ℃ is incubated 5-12 hour, obtains into the gel piece of glue;
(6) gel piece is cut into small pieces and dry, obtains stablizing the cross-linked gel piece;
(7) acrylamide (when adopting acrylic acid with other monomer, can add in the lump) is added fully dissolving in the distilled water, obtaining mass percent is monomer second solution of 10%-50%;
(8) be the astable cross-linking agent solution of 0.1%-1% with distilled water for the solvent compound concentration;
(9) with (ratio of the two can be confirmed through the mass ratio of astable crosslinking agent and monomer in astable cross-linking agent solution adding monomer second solution; Astable crosslinking agent and with the mass ratio of the monomer of its generation polymerization crosslinking be 1: 200-8000), stir 2-4 hour even fully up to solution;
(10) nitrogen injection purifies 15-60 minute in solution;
(11) in solution, add the initator of 0.1g, and stir 2-4 hour, form second mixed solution up to fully evenly;
(12) dry stable cross-linked gel piece is ground to form particle, obtain stablizing the cross-linked gel particle;
(13) will stablize second mixed solution that the cross-linked gel particle is put into step (11), leave standstill 24 hours;
(14) mixed solution that step (13) is formed is put into 60 ℃ insulating box insulation 24 hours, obtains the body gel, obtains profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle after the drying and grinding.
In above-mentioned preparation method provided by the invention, preferably, synthetic body gel repeats the process of 3 expansions, purification, drying; To purge the impurity in the gel; Expansion can be carried out in distilled water, makes the body gel under 60 ℃, carry out drying then, and the dry body gel after the purification grinds to form granule; Through obtaining dry gel particle behind the sieve series; Gel particle that then should drying adds in the astable cross-linked gel solution and carries out secondary cross-linking, and the astable gel that secondary cross-linking forms is crosslinked in the outside of stablizing cross-linked particles, thereby obtains the body gel.
According to concrete technical scheme of the present invention; With profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle injection oil reservoir the time; Its concrete operations can be carried out according to the conventional injection mode of this area, and preferably, the method for above-mentioned raising oil recovery rate may further comprise the steps:
In the injection device of ground, use injection water (to inject water according to site operation equipment situation; Adopt return water or clear water) profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle are mixed with stabilizing solution; Solution concentration is confirmed according to the scale of down-hole macropore and high permeability zone; Preferably, the mass percentage content of particle is 0.1%-0.6%.Then stabilizing solution is injected high watercut layer.After pre-crosslinked gel particle gets into high watercut layer; The at first macropore of shutoff near wellbore zone and superelevation permeable formation; Force injection water preferentially to get into less permeable layer residual oil district and start residual oil; Millimeter level pre-crosslinked gel particle explosion after the control time that process under the effect of formation temperature is set of shutoff near wellbore zone becomes micron order and submicron order granule, gets into oil deposit deep part, plays the effect of deep fluid diversion.
The present invention provides the method that improves oil recovery rate profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle to be used for the profile control and the deep fluid diversion in highly aqueous field; Injecting the mode and the foundation of down-hole can carry out in a conventional manner, is specifically related to following formula and step:
1, Theoretical Calculation:
1) places the degree of depth
Place the degree of depth and be meant that the gel flowing front is apart from the distance of injecting well.Design formulas is suc as formula (1):
Wherein:
In the formula:
r
aBe treatment radius, unit is m;
r
eBe the water filling radius of influence, unit is m;
r
wBe wellbore radius, unit is m;
f
gRatio for water injection capacity before and after handling;
q
1, q
2Be respectively the daily water-injection rate before handling, after the processing, unit is m
3/ d;
Δ p
Po, Δ p
Pos, difference between reservoir pre ssure and injection pressure handle after preceding for handling, unit is MPa;
f
RrBe residual resistance factor (confirming) through the laboratory core experiment;
2) injection rate (quality of intervening the cross-linked gel particle):
In the formula:
V is an injection rate, and unit is m
3/ d;
h
iBe i layer (layer refers to the thickness of oil-bearing layer, is to explain through log data to obtain) thickness, unit is m;
Degree of porosity for the i layer;
r
iBe the treatment radius of i layer, unit is m;
N is the number of plies.
2, the concrete mode of pre-crosslinked gel particle being injected the down-hole can may further comprise the steps:
(1) surveys construction well intake profile, falloff curve;
(2) inspection well head divides the notes well to test envelope;
(3) bring up to construction equipment, and commissioning test;
(4) ground pressure testing, stratum injection test;
(5) inject gel particle: injection rate is confirmed based on the reservoir geology situation; Injecting flow confirms based on formation fracture pressure; Calculate the injection flow that is not higher than formation fracture pressure based on shaft bottom in-place permeability and the viscosimeter that injects liquid; Go out to need solution (injecting the stabilizing solution that water and the difunctional pre-crosslinked gel particle of the present invention are mixed with) volume of injection based on calculation of parameter such as oil reservoir pore volume, permeability, saturation degrees; Use the skid-mounted type injection pump to implement to inject operation, in injection process, dynamically adjust flow velocity, do not exceed water injection pressure 2MPa when making injection pressure be no more than formation fracture pressure;
(6) the normal water filling of becoming a full member; Water injection pressure basis water injection pressure is first adjusted, and injects range of flow 10 side/skies to 100 side/skies;
(7) remove construction equipment, recover the well site environment;
(8) after water filling 10-15 days, survey intake profile, falloff curve;
(9) reach blasting time after, survey intake profile, falloff curve.
In said process, survey intake profile, pressure measurement are fallen operations such as curve, ground pressure testing, stratum injection test and all can be carried out according to this area usual manner.
In the oil reservoir mining operations; When adopting the method for utilizing profile control and deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle raising oil recovery rate provided by the invention; Can realize the double effects of profile control and deep fluid diversion; Can control the blasting time of pre-crosslinked gel particle through the concentration of adjustment labile cross linker and astable crosslinking agent simultaneously, thereby reach the purpose in control operation cycle.In the practice of construction of prior art; Usually need be before injecting profile control agent; Strong washing layer is carried out the anti-channeling operation, and improving follow-up deep fluid diversion efficiency of operation, and pre-crosslinked gel particle provided by the present invention combines the function of profile control and deep fluid diversion; Can simplify complicated profile control and deep fluid diversion operation, practice thrift cost.
Description of drawings
Following accompanying drawing only is intended to the present invention is done schematic illustration and explanation, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the action principle sketch map of pre-crosslinked gel particle of the present invention in oil reservoir;
Fig. 2 is the mechanism sketch map of the expansion and the decomposition of pre-crosslinked gel particle of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the sketch map of the three-dimensional oil reservoir physical model among the embodiment 4;
Fig. 4 is the pressure history in the oil displacement process;
Fig. 5 is the recovery ratio change curve in the oil displacement process.
The specific embodiment
To understand in order technical characterictic of the present invention, purpose and beneficial effect being had more clearly, with reference to Figure of description technical scheme of the present invention is carried out following detailed description, but but can not be interpreted as qualification at present practical range of the present invention.
The pre-crosslinked gel particle that present embodiment provides a kind of profile control and deep fluid diversion to use has following raw material and forms:
Wherein, the ratio of labile cross linker and monomer is 1: 3000, and the ratio of astable crosslinking agent and monomer is 1: 300.
The pre-crosslinked gel particle that profile control that present embodiment provides and deep fluid diversion are used prepares according to following steps:
30 gram acrylamides are added fully dissolving in the 100 gram distilled water, obtain acrylamide solution, i.e. monomer first solution;
1g methene base bisacrylamide is added fully dissolving in the 100 gram distilled water, obtain methene base bisacrylamide solution, i.e. labile cross linker solution;
1g methene base bisacrylamide solution is added in the acrylamide solution, obtain first mixed solution;
Nitrogen injection purifies 15 minutes in first mixed solution;
In through first mixed solution that purifies, adding 0.1g concentration is the ammonium persulfate solution of 1000ppm, then solution is put into 60 ℃ of insulating box insulation reaction 5 hours, obtains the body gel;
Take out the body gel that has become glue, the stable cross-linked gel piece that is cut into small pieces, and drying for standby;
After abundant dissolving in 0.1 gram polypropylene glycol diacrylate and 30 gram acrylamides addings, the 69.9 gram distilled water, obtained adding monomer second solution of astable crosslinking agent;
Nitrogen injection purifies 15 minutes in monomer second solution;
Add ammonium persulfate solution and fully stirring that 0.1g concentration is 1000ppm in monomer second solution after purifying, obtain second mixed solution;
The stable cross-linked gel particle of drying is ground to form micron particles, put into abundant immersion of second mixed solution and left standstill 24 hours;
Second mixed solution of stablizing the cross-linked gel particle that contains after leaving standstill is put into 60 ℃ of insulating box insulation reaction 24 hours, obtain the body gel, obtain the pre-crosslinked gel particle that profile control and deep fluid diversion are used after the drying and grinding.
The hydrolysis test
Testing procedure: use pre-crosslinked gel particle to be dissolved in the NaCl solution of concentration as 1wt% the profile control of embodiment 1 preparation and deep fluid diversion and obtain mixed solution; Observe the hydrolysis situation of gel particle; Wherein, In mixed solution, the concentration of gel particle is 2000ppm, and the temperature of mixed solution is respectively 80 ℃, 60 ℃, 45 ℃;
Test result: when the temperature of mixed solution was 80 ℃, pre-crosslinked gel particle is hydrolyzed into micron particles solution needed 12 days, and the micron particles solution viscosity that obtains after the hydrolysis is 170cp; When the temperature of mixed solution was 60 ℃, the pre-crosslinked gel particle complete hydrolysis needed 80 days, and the micron particles solution viscosity that obtains after the hydrolysis is 290cp; When the temperature of mixed solution was 45 ℃, pre-crosslinked gel particle did not yet have complete hydrolysis after half a year; Wherein, when the temperature of mixed solution was 80 ℃, 60 ℃, the difference of resulting micron particles solution viscosity was that the main chain instability at high temperature owing to polymer molecule ruptures and causes.Through above-mentioned test specification, the pre-crosslinked gel particle that present embodiment provides has good hydrolysis property, can adapt to the requirement of oil well depth profile control operation, and its blasting time can be controlled, thus the control operation cycle.
The seepage flow test
Have three pressure sensors, length is that 52cm, diameter are 5cm
2Back-up sand rock core model on carry out the seepage flow experiment of the gel particle that embodiment 1 provides.
Experimental procedure: 40 order quartz sands are inserted in the sandpipe model, and compacting vacuumized 8 hours, saturation simulation formation water, record cast voids volume; Inject water, measure injection pressure and calculate water phase permeability; Compound concentration is the pre-crosslinked gel particle solution of 0.2wt% then, and leaves standstill 15 days at 80 ℃, after the complete hydrolysis, injects sandpipe model (injection rate (volume) is 0.1 times of total pore size volume), and the pressure along 3 pressure taps of journey in the record injection process changes.Gel solution continues water filling (injection rate is 1 times of total pore size volume) after injecting and accomplishing, and the pressure along each pressure tap of journey in the record the injecting process changes.According to the resistance coefficient of each section of pressure change calculations sandpack column of each point in the gel injection process, according to the residual resistance factor of each section of pressure change calculations model of each point in the water drive process of back.
Experimental result (as shown in table 1) shows: the resistance coefficient of gel particle and residual resistance factor have all reached designing requirement.
Table 1 one-dimensional model seepage flow experimental result
The pre-crosslinked gel particle that present embodiment provides a kind of profile control and deep fluid diversion to use has following raw material and forms:
Wherein, the ratio of labile cross linker and monomer is 1: 3000, and the ratio of astable crosslinking agent and monomer is 1: 300.
The preparation process of the pre-crosslinked gel particle that profile control that present embodiment provides and deep fluid diversion are used can reference implementation example 1, other are all identical except the consumption of raw material and additive.
The pre-crosslinked gel particle that present embodiment provides a kind of profile control and deep fluid diversion to use has following raw material and forms:
Wherein, the ratio of labile cross linker and monomer is 1: 3000, and the ratio of astable crosslinking agent and monomer is 1: 300.
The preparation process of the pre-crosslinked gel particle that profile control that present embodiment provides and deep fluid diversion are used can reference implementation example 1, other are all identical except the consumption of raw material and additive.
1, model
Geologic information according to the zone, oil field is set up three-dimensional non-homogeneous model; Model volume 500mm * 500mm * 150mm; In model, arrange 30 differential pressure pickups and 31 saturation ratio measuring probes, 30 differential pressure pick-ups, on the branch in following three layers of distribution; Every layer of 10 differential pressure pick-up that distributes, three layers of differential pressure pick-up are respectively 2.5mm, 7.5mm, 12.5mm apart from the distance bottom the model; Two diagonal angles of model are arranged a copper pipe that vertically connects model respectively as injecting well and producing well, and the long 10cm of well, perforation density are 4 of perforations on the cross section of every 1cm, and angle 90 degree between two holes wrap gauze.The sketch map of above-mentioned three-dimensional oil reservoir physical model is seen Fig. 3.
2, displacement of reservoir oil step:
In model, inject formation water and make it saturated, the water phase permeability of measurement model and voids volume in this process;
Inject crude oil and make it saturated to model, write down saturated former oil mass, saturated altogether former oil mass is 7652mL;
Carry out water drive and reach 95% up to moisture content, the salinity of the employed injection water of water drive is 5000ppm, and injection rate is 0.5mL/min;
After water drive is accomplished, inject the pre-crosslinked gel particle that the embodiment 1 of 0.1PV provides with the speed of 0.5mL/min;
After the pre-crosslinked gel particle that injection embodiment 1 provides, continue water drive 1PV again, closing well is heated to 80 ℃ then, keeps 3 months, drives a well then, and water drive to moisture content is 95%.
The basic physical-property parameter of model is seen table 2, and dispersion gel particle injection parameter is seen table 3.
Table 2 three-dimensional physical model physical-property parameter
Table 3 injection parameter
| Type | Form | Inject volume | Injection rate |
| I type dispersion gel granular system | Body gel before the explosion | 0.05PV | 0.1mL/min |
3, interpretation of result
The first time pressure stability during water drive about 10KPa, pressure rises to 1.5MPa rapidly when injecting gel particle, when carrying out water drive once more, pressure drops to 1MPa; In the continuation water drive process after closing well keeps 80 ℃ to drive a well again, injection pressure drops to 600KPa and keeps stable, and Fig. 4 is the pressure history in the oil displacement process.Oil recovery factor has improved 3% after injecting gel particle, under reservoir temperature, keeps recovering water drive after 3 months, improves recovery ratio 6%, always improves recovery ratio 9%.Fig. 5 is the recovery ratio change curve in the oil displacement process.
Claims (10)
1. method that improves oil recovery rate; It is a kind of method that adopts profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle to improve oil recovery rate; Wherein, said profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle are to be caused through initator by monomer, labile cross linker and astable crosslinking agent the gel particle that the resulting body gel of polymerization crosslinking forms through drying and grinding takes place.
2. method according to claim 1; Wherein, Said body gel is at first to use labile cross linker and monomer under the initiation of initator, to carry out precrosslink to form stable cross-linked particles, uses astable crosslinking agent under the initiation of initator, to carry out once more crosslinked and body gel that obtain to formed stable cross-linked particles then.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, said monomer is the mixture of acrylamide or acrylamide and acrylic acid and/or other monomer.
4. method according to claim 3; Wherein, said other monomer comprises one or more in 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid sodium salt, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, 2-acrylic acid, sulfopropyl acrylic acid, dimethylaminoethylacmethyl methyl chloride and the dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2; Wherein, said labile cross linker comprises one or more in 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid sodium salt, divinyl acid esters, GDMA, acrylic acid trimethyl propane trimethyl ester and the methene base bisacrylamide; Preferably, the mass ratio of said labile cross linker and said monomer is 1: 200-8000, said monomer are meant the monomer with said labile cross linker generation polymerization crosslinking.
6. method according to claim 1 and 2; Wherein, said astable crosslinking agent comprises one or more in polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol diacrylate, glycol diacrylate, three methanol-based propane, three acrylic acid fat, ethyoxyl tri methylol triacrylate, ethyoxyl tetramethylol methane tetraacrylate and their derivative; Preferably, the mass ratio of said astable crosslinking agent and said monomer is 1: 300-3000, said monomer are meant the monomer with said astable crosslinking agent generation polymerization crosslinking.
7. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, said initator is one or more in potassium sulfate, ammonium persulfate and the tetramethylethylenediamine; Preferably, in twice polymerization crosslinking process, the mass ratio of said initator and said monomer is 1 during polymerization crosslinking each time: 300-5000.
8. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the particle diameter of said profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle is the 100-120 order.
9. according to each described method of claim 1-8, wherein, said profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle prepare according to following steps:
(1) acrylamide is added fully dissolving in the distilled water, obtaining mass percent is monomer first solution of 10%-50%;
(2) be that the solvent preparation obtains the labile cross linker solution that concentration is 0.01%-0.1% with distilled water;
(3) labile cross linker solution is added in monomer first solution, obtain first mixed solution;
(4) nitrogen injection purifies 15-60 minute in first mixed solution;
(5) to adding initator through in first mixed solution of nitrogen purge, after stirring, the insulating box of putting into 45-80 ℃ is incubated 5-12 hour, obtains into the gel piece of glue;
(6) gel piece is cut into small pieces and dry, obtains stablizing the cross-linked gel piece;
(7) acrylamide is added fully dissolving in the distilled water, obtaining mass percent is monomer second solution of 10%-50%;
(8) be the astable cross-linking agent solution of 0.1%-1% with distilled water for the solvent compound concentration;
(9) astable cross-linking agent solution is added in monomer second solution, stir 2-4 hour even fully up to solution;
(10) nitrogen injection purifies 15-60 minute in solution;
(11) in solution, add the initator of 0.1g, and stir 2-4 hour, form second mixed solution up to fully evenly;
(12) dry stable cross-linked gel piece is ground to form particle, obtain stablizing the cross-linked gel particle;
(13) will stablize second mixed solution that the cross-linked gel particle is put into step (11), leave standstill 24 hours;
(14) mixed solution that step (13) is formed is put into 60 ℃ insulating box insulation 24 hours, obtains the body gel, obtains said profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle after the drying and grinding.
10. according to each described method of claim 1-9, wherein, this method may further comprise the steps:
In the injection device of ground, use injection water that said profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle are mixed with stabilizing solution; Then stabilizing solution is injected high watercut layer; Wherein, In stabilizing solution, the mass percentage content of said profile control and the difunctional explosion type of deep fluid diversion pre-crosslinked gel particle is 0.1%-0.6%.
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