CN112011322A - Ternary composite temporary plugging agent for well killing and well killing temporary plugging construction method thereof - Google Patents
Ternary composite temporary plugging agent for well killing and well killing temporary plugging construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112011322A CN112011322A CN202010957210.5A CN202010957210A CN112011322A CN 112011322 A CN112011322 A CN 112011322A CN 202010957210 A CN202010957210 A CN 202010957210A CN 112011322 A CN112011322 A CN 112011322A
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/50—Compositions for plastering borehole walls, i.e. compositions for temporary consolidation of borehole walls
- C09K8/504—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/506—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/508—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/56—Acrylamide; Methacrylamide
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
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- C09K8/504—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
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- C09K8/50—Compositions for plastering borehole walls, i.e. compositions for temporary consolidation of borehole walls
- C09K8/504—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/506—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/508—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
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- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ternary composite temporary plugging agent for killing a well and a construction method for killing the well temporarily, wherein the temporary plugging agent comprises a soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent, a supermolecule expansion body and low-density killing fluid; the soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent is prepared by dissolving a dispersant, sodium chloride, xanthan gum, calcium chloride dihydrate, sodium sulfite and sodium molybdate in formation water and mixing; the supermolecule expansion body temporary plugging agent is a gel obtained by copolymerization and crosslinking of acrylic acid and acrylamide; the low-density well killing fluid is 1wt per thousand polyacrylamide aqueous solution with the molecular weight of 1000-1500 ten thousand; the construction method of temporary blocking of the kill well is completed by injecting a particle temporary blocking agent, an isolation liquid, a supermolecule temporary blocking agent, a displacement liquid and a kill fluid into the stratum in sequence; the temporary plugging agent and the temporary plugging construction method can effectively plug the reservoir and large cracks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield chemistry, in particular to a ternary composite temporary plugging agent for killing a well and a temporary plugging construction method for killing the well.
Background
The temporary blocking technology in China only developed in the last 80 th century, and is a reference for the traditional water blocking technology in many aspects. With the development of water plugging technology, the development and application of temporary plugging agents become mature day by day, and different types of gel type temporary plugging technologies appear. The shielding temporary blocking technology is widely used.
In the last 90 s, the shielding temporary blocking technology is rapidly developed and widely applied in China. The shielding temporary plugging technology is mainly characterized in that multilevel bridging particles are added into some liquid phase systems according to pore throat size, crack width and distribution purposefully, and a layer of shielding ring with low permeability is formed at the edge of a well wall instantly under the action of pressure difference, so that solid particles and filtrate in some liquid phase systems are prevented from invading a reservoir stratum to cause various damages. After the oil well is finished, the blockage can be removed in a perforation, reverse drainage and acid or oil dissolving mode, and the original state of a reservoir stratum is recovered. The gel type temporary plugging agent is used for shielding the well control fluid system from entering the stratum by utilizing a similar principle, so that the aim of well repairing and completion is fulfilled. However, under specific geological conditions, such as serious stratum leakage, fast gas channeling, complex well conditions, high stratum temperature and high well head pressure, the conventional temporary plugging kill well often leaks when killing is finished, and is sprayed when the killing is finished, so that subsequent construction operation cannot be carried out. In this case, only the composite temporary plugging kill technique can be employed. The current research on the composite temporary plugging agent is as follows:
hydration expansion composite temporary plugging material: the most common temporary plugging method at present is bridging temporary plugging, and the technical key is whether the particle size distribution in the temporary plugging agent is matched with the diameter of a leakage channel. Because the crack width and the pore size of the leakage stratum can not be accurately mastered, the formula of the temporary plugging agent can not be optimized and determined, the construction uncertainty is increased, and the temporary plugging success rate is reduced. Therefore, the Zuofengjiang and the like develop hydration and expansion composite temporary plugging materials. The blocking agent overcomes the defect that a bridging framework is easy to damage under the action of positive and negative pressure difference when bridging and temporarily blocking, and introduces a material with the characteristic of delayed expansion when meeting water. Along with the extension of the contact time with the drilling fluid, the material can absorb water and expand to 5-18 times of the original volume, so that the blocking wall is more compact, the frictional resistance between the blocking wall and a crack is further enhanced, and the anti-destruction capability of the blocking wall under the action of positive and negative pressure difference is enhanced. The long fiber material is added in the material, so that the defect of low strength of cotton fiber and wood fiber is overcome, and the winding plugging strength of the temporary plugging material in long cracks is enhanced. Through reasonable grading of various materials, the composite force action of various substances can be fully exerted, the high-elasticity temporary plugging material has good elasticity and hanging resistance characteristics, and can generate high bridge plug strength after entering a crack, so that the aim of quickly, safely and effectively temporarily plugging is fulfilled. The temporary plugging agent is applied to a water source 3 well (BMBS3) in the northern area of white horse in the Changqing oil field, and once temporary plugging is successful.
Composite temporary plugging material BLCM: the composite temporary plugging material BLCM (blend-circulation materials) mainly comprises special fiber particles with the particle size of 2-120 mm, and plant fibers and polymer particles with proper sizes are added. The wood fiber substances in the cement-based cement-. When a certain well (the well depth is 1400m) at the east coast of the Trinidad (Trinidad) is drilled by using a drill bit with the diameter of 245mm, the loss-return leakage is generated, so that the pumping pressure is unstable, the normal drilling cannot be realized, the temporary plugging effect is poor by using a conventional method, and the well leakage is successfully treated by using a BLCM material. The BLCM material absorbs water and expands to form a net structure with certain strength and viscoelasticity, is extruded into the leakage layer under the action of pressure difference, and is automatically filled according to the shape of the leakage layer, so that the leakage problem is solved.
Crosslinked polymer temporary blocking material: davidson et al describe a cross-linked polymer system for treating severe leakage, which consists of special fibers of appropriate size and a water-soluble cross-linked polymer. The fiber material is suspended in the temporary plugging pulp after water absorption and expansion, and is criss-cross and mutually dragged in the formed plug, so that a powerful 'lacing' effect is achieved, and the mechanical strength of the wedge plug is enhanced. The gel which swells by absorbing water and the filter cake containing the lacing wire material form a plug-shaped plugging cushion layer together in the leakage passage, and the cushion layer is not easy to move in the leakage layer, so the temporary plugging purpose can be achieved. In addition, the temporary plugging material is harmless to the stratum, can be degraded within two weeks under the influence of the temperature of the stratum, and has enough time to drill and complete the well. The gel was used in a Giove-2 well to successfully manage lost-returns and restore circulating drilling.
The particle composite gel temporary plugging agent comprises the following components: lecolier et al have studied and prepared the nanometer compound organic/inorganic gel temporary plugging agent. The condition that the gel formed by the crosslinked polymer temporary plugging agent can effectively plug the crack is that the shear stress of the wall surface of the crack is not more than the static shear force of the gel. However, the crosslinking reaction of many crosslinked polymers occurs at the surface and may prematurely form a gel before drilling through the thief zone. Zaitoun et al, 1990, at the French Petroleum institute, reported temporary plugging with gellable polymers (mainly various types of polyacrylamides) without a cross-linking agent, mainly by selectively reducing the water phase permeability and less reducing the gas phase permeability by bridging adsorption of the polymers in the pore throats of the formation, to achieve the purpose of water and gas plugging. Due to the in-situ spreadability of the polymer adsorption layer, the effect of the traditional temporary plugging method can be improved, the reduction of the productivity of the gas well due to the cross-linking effect is avoided, and different types of polymers are selected according to different conditions of the stratum, so that different adaptive treatment methods are researched. The french oil institute in 2005 proposed a new approach to the use of temporary plugging agents containing expanded polymer particles and gel particles and named this material as a micro-composite organic/inorganic glue. The material contains an organic composite gel material, an active organic toughening agent and an active inorganic expansion reinforcing agent, and through a special net-forming mechanism of an organic structural agent and the expansion reinforcing agent, the water is rapidly absorbed and expanded on a near well wall zone of a leaking layer, and the water is adsorbed, bridged and crosslinked to form a three-dimensional grid structure, solid-phase particles are condensed and deposited on the grid structure to form a concentrate, so that the temporary plugging efficiency is greatly improved, and the temporary plugging slurry is effectively inhibited from leaking to the deep part of the leaking layer. The temporary plugging agent has strong staying property in a leaking layer, high pressure bearing capacity of a plugging layer in a short time, good fluidity and easy adjustment of initial setting time. The strength of the micro-composite gel can be enhanced by increasing the content of the active organic toughening agent, the pressure has certain influence on the forming process of the micro-composite gel, but the mineralization degree and the temperature of water have little influence on the stability of the micro-composite gel. Core experiments show that the compound adhesive has good sealing performance and no adverse effect on the environment, and the components of the compound adhesive can be dry-mixed and are convenient to store and transport. The glue is not degraded after being hot rolled for 16h at 160 ℃.
In summary, the conventional temporary well killing technology has the problems that under specific geological conditions, such as serious stratum loss, fast gas channeling, complex well conditions, high stratum temperature and high wellhead pressure, the conventional temporary well killing technology is prone to well killing and leakage, and is prone to blowout after the well killing is finished, so that subsequent construction operation cannot be carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ternary composite temporary plugging agent for killing a well, which can realize effective temporary plugging of underground water and gas in the well killing construction process.
The invention also aims to provide a construction method for killing well temporary plugging by adopting the ternary composite temporary plugging agent for killing well, which aims to solve the problems that the prior conventional well temporary plugging technology cannot realize effective temporary plugging under specific geological conditions of serious stratum loss, quick gas channeling, complex well conditions, high stratum temperature, high wellhead pressure and the like, and further cannot perform subsequent construction operation and the like.
Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a ternary composite temporary plugging agent for killing a well comprises a soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent, a supermolecular expansion body and low-density killing fluid; wherein the soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent is prepared by dissolving 15-25 kg of dispersing agent, 2500-4000 kg of sodium chloride, 60-90 kg of xanthan gum, 6000-7500 kg of calcium chloride dihydrate, 1-3 kg of sodium sulfite and 80-180 kg of sodium molybdate in 15-19.5 m3Mixing the obtained mixture with the formation water; the supermolecule expansion body temporary plugging agent is a gel obtained by copolymerization and crosslinking of acrylic acid and acrylamide; the low-density well killing fluid is 1 wt.% polyacrylamide aqueous solution, and the molecular weight of polyacrylamide is 1000-1500 ten thousand.
Preferably, the thickness is 15.0 to 19.5m3Adding 15-25 kg of dispersing agent into the formation water, stirring for 20-40 min, then continuously adding 2500-4000 kg of sodium chloride and 60-90 kg of xanthan gum, continuously stirring for 10-30 min, slowly adding 6000-7500 kg of calcium chloride dihydrate, 1-3 kg of sodium sulfite and 80-180 kg of sodium molybdate, and stirring for 10-50 min at room temperature to obtain the soluble nano-particle temporary plugging agent; wherein the dispersant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium lignin sulfonate orSodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
Preferably, the preparation method of the supramolecular expansion body temporary plugging agent comprises the following steps: dissolving acrylic acid and acrylamide in a mass ratio of 3:7 in water, adding ammonium persulfate accounting for 1.0 wt% of the total weight of the monomers as an initiator and a CLB type cross-linking agent accounting for 0.03 wt% of the total weight of the monomers, and reacting for 5 hours at 60 ℃; and drying and crushing the obtained product to obtain the supermolecule expansion body temporary plugging agent.
A construction method for temporarily plugging a kill well by adopting the ternary composite temporary plugging agent for the kill well comprises the following steps: and injecting the particle temporary plugging agent, the spacer fluid, the supermolecule temporary plugging agent, the low-density well killing fluid and the conventional well killing fluid into the stratum in turn according to the geological conditions and the well completion condition to finish temporary plugging construction. After well repair or other operations are finished, the supermolecule temporary plugging agent can be subjected to gel breaking by injecting gel breaking liquid through the continuous oil pipe, and then plugging removal can be realized.
As shown in figure 1, the construction method for temporary blocking of the kill well comprises the steps of enabling a water-soluble nano temporary blocking agent to enter a near-well stratum through a sieve tube to block a reservoir and large cracks through filter cakes, injecting a supermolecule expansion body temporary blocking agent to perform filling type blocking on the sieve tube, and injecting low-density kill fluid to further enable the supermolecule expansion body temporary blocking agent to be tightly blocked under high pressure, so that the effective blocking of the operating well is realized.
Preferably, the construction method for temporarily blocking the kill well comprises the following specific construction steps:
s1, injecting a high-strength particle temporary plugging agent positively to fill the temporary plugging agent at the front end of an annular space between the drill hole and the screen pipe; wherein, the dosage of the soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent is according to the formula: q ═ pi R1 2H is calculated, Q is the amount of liquid to be injected, R1Phi is the formation porosity and H is the length of the injection formation, and the value of phi is slightly larger than the length of the sieve tube;
s2, injecting spacer fluid positively;
s3, injecting 1 wt.% of supermolecule temporary plugging agent solution into the sieve tube under the condition that the climbing pressure is more than 7 MPa; stopping the pump for 1h after the injection is finished, and fully expanding to fill the sieve tube; wherein the dosage of the temporary plugging agent of the supermolecule expansion body is obtained by calculation according to the volume of the sieve tube and the expansion multiple of the temporary plugging agent of the supermolecule expansion body in water;
s4, injecting low-density well killing fluid, and performing displacement construction by taking the low-density well killing fluid as displacement fluid, wherein the low-density well killing fluid is further filled in the gap of the sieve tube by using the amount of the low-density well killing fluid and forms a section of liquid seal at the joint of the sieve tube and the upper pipe column;
s5, injecting clear water as a conventional well killing fluid, and completing plugging operation;
in the steps S1 to S5, the injection and discharge amount of each working fluid is 300 to 350L/min.
Preferably, after the well repairing operation is finished, injecting a gel breaking liquid through a continuous oil pipe at a displacement of 300-350L/min, and returning after the well is closed for 24 hours to finish the blockage removal; wherein the gel breaking solution is a mixed solution of 0.2-2 wt.% of ammonium persulfate and 1.5-0.1 wt.% of potassium permanganate.
Compared with the prior art, the ternary composite temporary plugging agent for killing the well consists of a soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent, a supermolecule expansion body temporary plugging agent and low-density killing fluid; in the temporary plugging construction process, the soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent in the ternary composite temporary plugging agent for killing the well mainly enters a near-well stratum through a sieve tube to perform filter cake plugging on a reservoir and a large crack, then the supermolecule expansion body temporary plugging agent is injected to perform filling type plugging on the sieve tube, and finally low-density killing fluid is injected to further enable the supermolecule expansion body temporary plugging agent to be more tightly plugged under high pressure, so that the ternary synergistic effect is achieved, and the operation well is effectively plugged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the principle of the ternary composite temporary plugging agent for killing a well of the present invention acting on temporary plugging of the killing well;
FIG. 2(a) is a graph showing the results of a flow rate differential pressure variation test of water flooding of the soluble nanoparticle temporary plugging agent in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2(b) is a graph showing the results of a flow rate differential pressure change test for displacement liquid flooding of the soluble nanoparticle temporary plugging agent in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2(c) is a graph showing the results of a diverter flooding flow differential pressure change test conducted on a soluble nanoparticle temporary plugging agent in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2(d) is a graph showing the results of a flow rate differential pressure variation test for salt hydrolysis plugging of the soluble nanoparticle temporary plugging agent in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the swelling times of different concentrations of the temporary plugging agent of supramolecular expansion bodies in 0.5% KCL solution in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of the expansion factor of aged supramolecular expansion bodies temporary blocking agents of varying concentrations in 0.5% KCL solution in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a test apparatus for evaluation of breakthrough pressure against a supramolecular expansion body temporary plugging agent in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
A ternary composite temporary plugging agent for killing well is composed of soluble nano-class particle temporary plugging agent, supermolecular expansion body temporary plugging agent and low-density killing liquid. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent is prepared by dissolving 20kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 3500kg of industrial sodium chloride, 80kg of xanthan gum, 7000kg of calcium chloride dihydrate, 2kg of deoxidant and 2kg of corrosion inhibitor in 15m3The water is mixed and prepared.
The preparation method of the soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent comprises the following steps:
at 15m3Adding 20kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate into the formation water, stirring for 20-40 min, then continuously adding 80kg of xanthan gum and 7000kg of industrial grade sodium chloride, continuously stirring for 10-30 min, slowly adding 178kg of calcium chloride dihydrate, simultaneously adding 2kg of deoxidant sodium sulfite and 150kg of corrosion inhibitor sodium molybdate, stirring for 30min at room temperature to obtain 20m3Soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent.
The supermolecule expansion body temporary plugging agent is obtained by cross-linking a copolymer of acrylic acid and acrylamide; the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving acrylic acid and acrylamide in a mass ratio of 3:7 in water, adding ammonium persulfate accounting for 1.0 wt% of the total weight of the monomers as an initiator and a CLB type cross-linking agent accounting for 0.03 wt%, stirring and mixing uniformly, and reacting for 5 hours at 60 ℃; and drying and crushing the obtained jelly-like gel to obtain the supermolecule expansion body temporary plugging agent.
And (3) performance testing:
firstly, the plugging performance and the deblocking performance of the soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent are evaluated. Specifically, the flow pressure difference change of brine flooding, the flow pressure difference change of displacement liquid flooding, the flow pressure difference change of diverting agent flooding and the flow pressure difference change of brine deblocking are respectively tested through the fracturing diverting agent core displacement process.
The specific test method is as follows:
filling a sand-filled pipe and assembling a sand-filled pipe plugging experimental device:
the inner diameter of a sand filling pipe used in the experiment is 3.96cm, the inner length is 8.36cm, the sand filling pipe is filled with 100-mesh 200-mesh quartz sand, the pressure of the sand filling pipe is 6MPa by using a hydraulic machine, a 300-mesh steel wire screen is placed at the outlet end inside the sand filling pipe to prevent the quartz sand from flowing away, the pressure of the sand inside and all parts can be relatively uniform by knocking the outer wall of the sand filling pipe for many times in the filling process, and the sand filling pipe is required to be pressed for 6MPa again when the pressure of the hydraulic machine is reduced until the outer wall of the sand filling pipe is knocked again.
Assembling and sand-filling pipe plugging experimental device: a constant-flow pump, an intermediate container, a sand-filling pipe and a terminal receiver. The experiment was carried out at ambient temperature.
(II) configuration and parameters of the liquid:
the saline solution is 1% NaCl solution with a density of 1.15g/cm3The viscosity is 1.01 mPa.s; the displacement liquid is 1 per mill of polyacrylamide solution and is used for driving salt water to prevent particles in the diverting agent injected later from dissolving; the viscosity of the fracturing diverting agent is 32.5 mPas; the viscosity of the acidified diverting agent was 72.5 mPas.
(III) measuring the penetration of the sand-packed pipe:
(1) measuring the inner diameter and the inner length of the sand-packed pipe (the accuracy is 0.01cm) by a vernier caliper, and weighing the dry weight of the sand-packed pipe to be m1；
(2) A connecting device: the 500mL ZR-3 type piston container is an intermediate container, the lower port of the intermediate container is connected with a constant flow pump, the upper port of the intermediate container is connected with the inlet end of a sand filling pipe, and the outlet end of the sand filling pipe is provided with a 10mL measuring cylinder;
(3) and (3) measuring porosity: injecting 500mL of saline water into the intermediate container, after each connecting port is screwed, opening a lower port valve of the intermediate container, opening a constant flow pump to set parameters, setting the protective pressure PH to be 40Mpa, setting the flow rate F according to actual conditions, starting to inject the saline water, and mainly observing whether water leakage occurs in the injection process;
(4) measuring the permeability of the rock core before plugging: when liquid flows out from the tail end of the sand filling pipe, the pressure reading of the constant flow pump is recorded every 30s (since one end of the sand filling pipe is communicated with the atmosphere and the other end of the sand filling pipe is communicated with the constant flow pump, the reading of the pressure on the constant flow pump is the pressure difference between the two ends of the sand filling pipe), the actual flow is measured by using a measuring cylinder, when the pressure and the flow tend to be stable, the sand filling pipe is filled with water, and the wet weight m of the sand filling pipe is measured at the moment2Calculating the pore volume and the permeability of the core before plugging; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the pore volume calculation formula is as follows:
PV＝(m2-m1)/ρ，
in the formula, m1Is sand-filled pipe dry (g); m is2Wet weight (g) of the sand-packed pipe; ρ is the fluid density (g/cm)3)。
The calculation formula of the permeability of the core before plugging is as follows:
K＝(Q×μ×L)/(A×Δp)×10-1，
in the formula, delta p is the pressure difference (Mpa) between two ends of the rock core; μ is the viscosity of the fluid (mPas); q flow rate (mL/s) of fluid through the core at a certain pressure difference; l is the core length (cm); a is core cross-sectional area (cm)2) (ii) a K is the permeability (mum) of the core2)；
Wherein, the permeability of the core before plugging is recorded as K1。
(5) Displacing the brine: and after the constant-flow pump is suspended, the saline water in the intermediate container is replaced by the displacement fluid, the flow parameter is slightly increased after the containers are connected, the constant-flow pump is started, and when the pressure is slightly increased and the pressure and the flow are stable, the water phase in the sand filling pipe is completely displaced by the displacement fluid.
(6) And (3) measuring the plugging rate: after the advection pump is suspended, the displacement liquid in the intermediate container is replaced by the diverting agent, and the flow of the advection pump is slightly reduced after the containers are connected; starting the advection pump, recording pressure and flow every 30s, stopping the advection pump after injecting certain PV quantity, and calculating the permeability of the blocked rock core, wherein the calculation formula is as above and is marked as K2。
The plugging rate calculation formula is as follows:
η＝(Kw-K’w)/(Kw)×100％，
wherein eta is the plugging rate; k1Core permeability (mum) before plugging2)；K2The core permeability (mum) after plugging2)。
(7) And (3) measuring the blockage removal rate: and after the constant-flow pump is suspended, the diverting agent in the middle container is changed into water-driving liquid, and the constant-flow pump is started after the containers are connected. Recording pressure and flow every 30s, stopping the advection pump when the pressure and the flow both tend to be stable, calculating the permeability of the core after plugging removal, and recording the formula (4-2) as K3。
The blockage removal rate calculation formula is as follows:
G＝(K3-K’2)/(K1-K’2)×100％，
in the formula, G is the blockage removal rate; k1The permeability (mum) of the rock core before plugging2)；K2For the core permeability (mum) after plugging2)；K3For the permeability (mum) of the core after plugging removal2)；
In the experiment, the steel wire mesh is added at the outlet end of the sand filling pipe in the process of filling the sand filling pipe, and the two sections of the sand filling pipe of the model have different lengths and can bear different pressures, so that positive driving is selected for unblocking during unblocking;
(8) and (4) turning off the advection pump, detaching the intermediate container and the sand filling pipe, washing the intermediate container and the sand filling pipe, and putting the intermediate container and the sand filling pipe into an oven to be dried for next use.
FIG. 2(a) is a flow rate differential pressure change measurement of water flooding of soluble nanoparticle temporary plugging agentThe results of the test are shown schematically. As can be seen from the test results in FIG. 2(a), the pressure difference and the flow rate are stable after the sand-filled pipe is displaced by the brine for 4min, which indicates that the sand-filled pipe is filled with the brine at the moment, the pressure difference is 0.2MPa, the flow rate is 0.03mL/s, and the permeability K of the rock core before plugging can be calculated1＝1.132μm2(ii) a At this time, the wet weight m of the sand filling pipe2＝4527.74g。
Fig. 2(b) is a schematic diagram showing the results of the flow rate differential pressure variation test of the displacement liquid flooding of the soluble nanoparticle temporary plugging agent. From the test results of fig. 2(b), it can be seen that, when the displacement fluid is used for displacement, the pressure difference and the flow rate are stable after 4.5min, and the pressure difference is 0.3MPa, which is slightly higher than that of the brine displacement, because the viscosity and the density of the displacement fluid are slightly higher than those of the polyacrylamide solution, the pressure difference between two sections is slightly higher after the displacement fluid is stable, which indicates that the brine in the sand-packing tube is completely displaced by the displacement fluid.
FIG. 2(c) is a graph showing the results of a diverter-driven differential pressure flow change test on a soluble nanoparticle bridging agent. FIG. 2(c) shows the fracturing diverting agent injected into the sand-packed pipe, when the flow rate of the advection pump is 0.03mL/s, it can be seen that the pressure difference is always increased and the flow rate is always decreased along with the increase of the injection time, and the flow rate is decreased, and a plurality of platform zones appear in the decrease of the flow rate, because the whole sand-packed pipe cannot be uniformly blocked when the solid particles in the diverting agent are injected into the sand-packed pipe, after some zones are blocked, the diverting agent is injected into other zones, and when the solid particles are injected into a certain amount, the zones are also blocked, and along with the increase of the injection time and the amount, the sand-packed pipe is uniformly blocked, so that the flow rate is continuously decreased; at the moment, the pressure difference is 21.6MPa, the flow rate is 0.00833mL/s, and the permeability K of the core after plugging is calculated2＝0.085μm2From K by1、K2The plugging rate of the fracture diverter was calculated to be 92.49%.
FIG. 2(d) is a graph showing the results of a flow differential pressure change test for saline deblocking of the soluble nanoparticle temporary plugging agent. As can be seen from the test results of FIG. 2(d), the plugging is broken down by brine after plugging, and the flow rate of the advection pump is 0.03mL/s, it can be seen that since the pores in the sand-packed pipe are plugged by the particles in the diverting agent, the brine starts to be injectedWhen the pressure difference is increased along with the increase of the injection time and the injection quantity, no fluid passes through the sand filling pipe all the time, and the plugging effect is better. When the pressure difference reaches 21.9MPa, the pressure difference drops sharply to 0.2MPa, and meanwhile, the first drop of liquid flows out from the outlet end of the sand filling pipe, which indicates that the inside of the sand filling pipe breaks through at the moment, and the breaking pressure is 21.9 MPa. When the flow rate and the pressure difference are stable, the blockage removal is finished, the pressure difference is 0.2MPa, the flow rate is 0.0267mL/s, and the permeability K of the core after the blockage removal is calculated3＝0.9145μm2From K by1、K2、K3The deblocking rate was calculated to be 77.03%.
Then, brine is injected into the sand filling pipe under certain pressure, the pressure at two ends when water flows through the sand filling pipe is measured, when the flow rate is stabilized at 2.7mL/min, the delta P is 0.3MPa, and the water permeability K of the sand filling pipe is 0.231D. Then injecting the temporary plugging agent into the sand filling pipe at a certain pressure, and after extruding and injecting 1.2 times of pore volume, the pressure difference between two ends of the sand filling pipe is 1.8 MPa; after the 1.2PV temporary plugging agent is injected, the sand filling pipe is reversed and is displaced by saline, the displacement pressure is 4.4MPa when the first temporary plugging agent flows out, and the calculated breakthrough pressure is 14.67 MPa/m; the pressure of the temporary plugging agent after breakthrough is stabilized at 6.4MPa, the flow rate is 0.0365mL/s, and the calculated permeability K 'after plugging'WThe plugging rate eta is 0.0034D and 98.5 percent.
And then, simulating field reinjection water to perform a deblocking experiment, injecting different amounts of field reinjection water to deblock, and measuring the permeability of the sand-filled pipe.
The test results are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1:
| injection amount/PV | Flow rate Q/mL/min | End pressure difference delta P/MPa | De-plugging rate/%) |
| 1 | 2.35 | 0.5 | 50.35 |
| 2 | 2.55 | 0.35 | 80.25 |
| 3 | 2.6 | 0.3 | 96.15 |
From the test results in table 1, it can be seen that the blockage removal rate reaches 80.25% after the blockage removal by the reinjection water of 2PV, and 96.15% after the blockage removal by the reinjection water of 3 PV. The temporary plugging agent can achieve a good plugging removal effect without adding other gel breakers, and the temporary plugging particles are water-soluble sodium chloride, so the temporary plugging agent has good plugging removal performance.
And (II) sequentially evaluating the expansion performance, the temperature resistance and the breakthrough pressure performance of the temporary plugging agent of the supermolecule expansion body.
(1) Evaluation of the expansion performance of the supramolecular expansion body temporary plugging agent in saline water:
shearing the temporary plugging agent of the supramolecular expansion body into small blocks with the length of 3-5 mm at normal temperature, placing the small blocks into 0.5 wt.% KCl solutions with different volumes, and respectively preparing the temporary plugging agent solutions of the supramolecular expansion body with the volume of 2.0 wt.% per thousand, 3.0 wt.% per thousand, 4.0 wt.% per thousand and 5.0 wt.% per thousand; standing the prepared temporary plugging agent solution of the supermolecule expansion body at normal temperature for 24 hours, taking out, sucking water by using filter paper, weighing, calculating the expansion multiple according to a formula to investigate the salt resistance of the polymer, and observing the water absorption performance of the temporary plugging agent of the supermolecule expansion body with the concentration of 3-5 mm under different solutions.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the expansion times of different concentrations of the supramolecular expansion body temporary blocking agent in a 0.5 wt.% KCL solution. As can be seen from the test results of fig. 3, the swelling times of the supramolecular expansion body temporary plugging agent increase with time, swelling is rapid before 18h, but the swelling rate decreases after 18h, because the concentration of KCl in the solution increases with decreasing moisture; when the concentration of the saline water is lower, the water absorption capacity of hydrophilic groups in the polymer is stronger, and with the increase of the concentration of the KCl solution, the salt in the aqueous solution reduces the osmotic pressure of the solution, reduces water molecules permeating into the polymer, and reduces the water absorption speed; the existence of potassium ions weakens the ionization capacity of the high polymer, weakens the electrostatic repulsion among the ions, and makes the network structure formed by crosslinking unstable, finally leading to the reduction of the water absorption capacity. In conclusion, the supermolecule expansion body temporary plugging agent can show better expansion performance in 0.5 wt% of KCl solution and has good salt resistance.
(2) And (3) evaluating the temperature resistance of the supramolecular expansion body temporary plugging agent:
shearing the temporary plugging agent of the supermolecule expansion body into small blocks with the length of 3-5 mm at normal temperature, carrying out closed aging in a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle at 156 ℃ for 24 hours, and placing aged products in 0.5 wt.% KCl solutions with different volumes to respectively prepare supermolecule expansion body temporary plugging agent solutions with the volume of 2.0 wt.% per thousand, 3.0 wt.% per thousand, 4.0 wt.% per thousand and 5.0 wt.% per thousand; standing the prepared temporary plugging agent solution of the supermolecule expansion body for 24 hours at normal temperature, taking out, sucking water by using filter paper, weighing, and calculating the expansion multiple according to a formula to investigate the temperature resistance of the temporary plugging agent solution.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the expansion times of aged supramolecular expansion bodies temporary blocking agents at different concentrations in 0.5 wt.% KCl solution. From the test result of fig. 4, it can be seen that the expansion times of the aged temporary plugging agent for supramolecular expansion bodies are almost close to the expansion times of the unaged temporary plugging agent for supramolecular expansion bodies, which indicates that the temporary plugging agent for supramolecular expansion bodies has better temperature resistance.
(3) Evaluation of the breakthrough pressure performance of the supramolecular expansion body temporary plugging agent:
breakthrough pressure is an index to measure the strength of the micro flow direction changing agent and was evaluated in the laboratory using a single core. As shown in fig. 5, the experimental apparatus is shown, wherein the nitrogen gas cylinder 1 pumps nitrogen gas to the first intermediate container 2 and the second intermediate container 3 through the pipelines respectively, so that the first intermediate container 2 and the second intermediate container 3 pump nitrogen gas to the sand-filled pipe 4 connected therewith through the communicating pipeline simultaneously, and the communicating pipeline is provided with the pressure gauge.
In the performance test, the temporary plugging agent of the supermolecule expansion body is prepared into solution by adopting water with different mineralization degrees, and the solution is respectively prepared by adopting water with the permeability of 4000-4500 multiplied by 10-3μm2The sand-packed pipe (2) was evaluated, the length of the sand-packed pipe was 10cm, the diameter was 1cm, the concentration of the liquid preparation of the supramolecular expansion body temporary plugging agent was 0.2 wt.%, and the injection amount of the microscopic flow direction-changing agent was 1 PV.
The test results are shown in table 2 below.
From the test results in table 2, it can be seen that the breakthrough pressure of the temporary plugging agent for supramolecular expansion bodies for plugging the stratum is very high, and especially the breakthrough pressure used in water with high salinity is higher, because the expansion degree of the particles in water with high salinity is small, so that the strength of the expansion bodies is far greater than that in water with low salinity.
Example 2
The stratum leakage of a certain well of the gas storage of the oil field in North China is serious, and the requirement of the working condition of temporary plugging and pipe column taking operation cannot be met by the conventional plugging well killing; the gas channeling is fast, and the pressure channeling is less than 2 hours; the well condition is complex, the construction difficulty is large, and the well depth is more than 4000 meters; the formation temperature is as high as 156 ℃ and the wellhead pressure is as high as 30 Mpa; the working period is long, more than 4 days.
The conventional plugging and killing technology is utilized, 550 square plugging and killing fluid is injected, 4 times of plugging is carried out, 2 months are consumed, and plugging cannot be carried out. Based on the above, the construction method for temporarily blocking the kill well by using the ternary composite temporary blocking agent for kill well of the embodiment 1 is implemented, and the construction method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, temporary plugging construction design:
s101, preparing two 15m stirrer-equipped parts3A liquid distribution tank, and correspondingly, the displacement of a plunger pump matched with the liquid distribution tank for use is 12-20 m3/h；
S102, according to a formula: q ═ pi R1 2Phi H, calculating to obtain the dosage of the soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent: wherein Q is the amount of liquid to be injected, and R is1Phi is the radius of the stratum to be injected, phi is the porosity of the stratum, H is the length of the injected stratum, and the value of phi is slightly longer than that of the sieve tube;
in this embodiment, R10.3m, the thickness of the first reservoir is 29.4m, the porosity is 25.6%, the thickness of the second reservoir is 30.2m, the porosity is 9.6%, the solid content of the temporary plugging agent is 6.0%, and the dosage of the soluble nano-particle temporary plugging agent is 48m3；
S103, adopting 1 wt.% per thousand polyacrylamide (HPAM) solution with the molecular weight of 1000-1500 ten thousand as isolation liquid, wherein the hydrolysis degree of the isolation liquid is 30%, and the isolation liquid can realize 24-hour automatic degradation in an environment with the temperature of above 120 ℃; in this embodiment, the amount of the spacer fluid is 10m3；
S104, according to a formula: q ═ pi R2 2L is used for calculating the using amount of the temporary plugging agent of the supermolecule expansion body, wherein Q is the liquid amount to be injected, and R is the liquid amount to be injected2Is the radius of the sieve tube, and L is the length of the sieve tube;
in this example, the screen volume is 8.3m3The temporary plugging agent of the supermolecule expansion body has the expansion multiple of 10 when dissolved in water at normal temperature, so the addition amount of the temporary plugging agent is at least 0.83m3Based on the preset preparation of 1 wt.% of the supermolecule temporary plugging agent solution, the calculated construction liquid volume of the supermolecule temporary plugging agent solution is 83m3；
S105, preparation of 10m3The low-density well control fluid; the low-density well killing fluid is 1 wt.% of polyacrylamide (HPAM) solution with the molecular weight of 1000-1500 ten thousand, and the hydrolysis degree of the low-density well killing fluid is 30%; the isolation liquid can realize automatic degradation for 24 hours in an environment with the temperature of above 120 ℃;
s106, adopting clear water as conventional well killing fluid, wherein the dosage of the clear water is 30m3；
S107, adopting a mixture of 0.2-2 wt.% of Ammonium Persulfate (APS) and 1.5-0.1 wt.% of potassium permanganate as a gel breaking solution, wherein the dosage of the gel breaking solution is 8.3m3；
S2, the following table 3 shows the use amount of each component and the pump injection program of the construction:
table 3:
as shown in table 3 above, the site specific construction process is:
(1) preparing a high-strength particle temporary plugging agent and a supermolecular expansion body temporary plugging agent solution;
(2) connecting pipelines, and testing the pressure under the pressure of 25MPa to ensure that the pipelines are not punctured and leak-proof;
(3) injecting a high-strength particle temporary plugging agent positively to fill the temporary plugging agent at the front end of an annular space between the drill hole and the sieve tube;
(4) injecting a spacer fluid positively;
(5) injecting the temporary plugging agent of the supermolecule expansion body positively to the screen pipe under the condition that the climbing pressure is more than 7 MPa; stopping the pump for 1h after the injection is finished, and fully expanding to fill the sieve tube;
(6) positively injecting low-density well killing fluid, and performing displacement construction by taking the low-density well killing fluid as displacement fluid, so that the low-density well killing fluid is further filled in the gap of the sieve tube and forms a section of liquid seal at the joint of the sieve tube and the upper pipe column;
(7) injecting a well killing fluid;
(8) workover operation;
(9) and after the well is repaired, injecting a gel breaking liquid for unblocking, closing the well for 24 hours, and performing flowback and normal production.
After the construction, the oil casing pressure before the construction is 27MPa, the oil pressure after the construction is 0MPa, and the casing pressure is 0 MPa; the well is shut in and observed, the oil pressure is still 0MPa after 24h, the casing pressure is slightly increased to 0.5MPa after 10h, the casing pressure is slightly increased to 4MPa after 24h, and clear water is injected for 30m3The oil jacket pressure was changed to 0 MPa. And after one week of well workover, injecting a gel breaking solution, and starting flowback after 10 hours, wherein the viscosity of the flowback solution is 7 mPa.s.
In summary, the plugging device can effectively plug the well with serious stratum leakage and stratum temperature as high as 156 ℃, and is quick in plugging removal.
Claims (6)
1. The ternary composite temporary plugging agent for killing the well is characterized by comprising a soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent, a supermolecule expansion body and low-density killing fluid; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent is prepared by dissolving 15-25 kg of dispersant, 2500-4000 kg of sodium chloride, 60-90 kg of xanthan gum, 6000-7500 kg of calcium chloride dihydrate, 1-3 kg of sodium sulfite and 80-180 kg of sodium molybdate in 15-19.5 m3Mixing the obtained mixture with the formation water;
the supermolecule expansion body temporary plugging agent is a gel obtained by copolymerization and crosslinking of acrylic acid and acrylamide;
the low-density well killing fluid is 1 wt.% polyacrylamide aqueous solution, and the molecular weight of polyacrylamide is 1000-1500 ten thousand.
2. The ternary composite temporary plugging agent for killing the well according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent comprises the following steps: 15.0 to 19.5m3Adding 15-25 kg of dispersing agent into the formation water, stirring for 20-40 min, then continuously adding 2500-4000 kg of sodium chloride and 60-90 kg of xanthan gum, continuously stirring for 10-30 min, slowly adding 6000-7500 kg of calcium chloride dihydrate, 1-3 kg of sodium sulfite and 80-180 kg of sodium molybdate, and stirring for 10-50 min at room temperature to obtain the soluble nano-particle temporary plugging agent; wherein the dispersant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium lignin sulfonate or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
3. The ternary composite temporary plugging agent for killing the well according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the supramolecular expansion body temporary plugging agent comprises the following steps: dissolving acrylic acid and acrylamide in a mass ratio of 3:7 in water, adding ammonium persulfate accounting for 1.0 wt% of the total weight of the monomers as an initiator and a CLB type cross-linking agent accounting for 0.03 wt% of the total weight of the monomers, and reacting for 5 hours at 60 ℃; and drying and crushing the obtained product to obtain the supermolecule expansion body temporary plugging agent.
4. A construction method for temporary plugging of a kill well by using the ternary composite temporary plugging agent for the kill well as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises the following steps: and injecting the particle temporary plugging agent, the spacer fluid, the supermolecule temporary plugging agent, the displacement fluid and the well killing fluid into the stratum in turn according to the geological conditions and the well completion condition to complete temporary plugging construction.
5. The kill temporary plugging construction method according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, injecting a high-strength particle temporary plugging agent positively to fill the temporary plugging agent at the front end of an annular space between the drill hole and the screen pipe; wherein, the dosage of the soluble nanometer particle temporary plugging agent is according to the formula: q ═ pi R1 2Phi H is calculated, Q is the liquid amount to be injected, R1Phi is the formation porosity and H is the length of the injection formation, and the value of phi is slightly larger than the length of the sieve tube;
s2, injecting spacer fluid positively;
s3, injecting 1 wt.% of supermolecule temporary plugging agent solution into the sieve tube under the condition that the climbing pressure is more than 7 MPa; stopping the pump for 1h after the injection is finished, and fully expanding to fill the sieve tube; wherein the dosage of the temporary plugging agent of the supermolecule expansion body is obtained by calculation according to the volume of the sieve tube and the expansion multiple of the temporary plugging agent of the supermolecule expansion body in water;
s4, injecting low-density well killing fluid, and performing displacement construction by taking the low-density well killing fluid as displacement fluid, wherein the low-density well killing fluid is further filled in the gap of the sieve tube by using the amount of the low-density well killing fluid and forms a section of liquid seal at the joint of the sieve tube and the upper pipe column;
s5, injecting clear water as a conventional well killing fluid, and completing plugging operation;
in the steps S1 to S5, the injection and discharge amount of each working fluid is 300 to 350L/min.
6. The kill temporary plugging construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that after the workover treatment is finished, the gel breaking liquid is positively injected through a coiled tubing at a discharge capacity of 300-350L/min, and is returned after the well is closed for 24 hours, so that the plugging removal is completed; wherein the gel breaking solution is a mixed solution of 0.2-2 wt.% of ammonium persulfate and 1.5-0.1 wt.% of potassium permanganate.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115199238A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-10-18 | 四川省贝特石油技术有限公司 | Method and system for controlling feeding of superfine temporary plugging agent for gas reservoir exploitation |
| CN115584252A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-01-10 | 东营盛世石油科技有限责任公司 | Temporary plugging agent for fracturing operation well repair and preparation method thereof |
| CN116023918A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-04-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Temporary blocking liquid of supermolecule gel and temporary blocking system of supermolecule gel |
| RU2811799C1 (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2024-01-17 | Публичное акционерное общество "Газпром нефть" (ПАО "Газпром нефть") | Blocking composition for killing wells, method of its preparation and method of killing wells using blocking composition |
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2020
- 2020-09-12 CN CN202010957210.5A patent/CN112011322A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116023918A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-04-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Temporary blocking liquid of supermolecule gel and temporary blocking system of supermolecule gel |
| CN115199238A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-10-18 | 四川省贝特石油技术有限公司 | Method and system for controlling feeding of superfine temporary plugging agent for gas reservoir exploitation |
| CN115199238B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-25 | 四川省贝特石油技术有限公司 | Method and system for controlling feeding of superfine temporary plugging agent for gas reservoir exploitation |
| CN115584252A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-01-10 | 东营盛世石油科技有限责任公司 | Temporary plugging agent for fracturing operation well repair and preparation method thereof |
| RU2811799C1 (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2024-01-17 | Публичное акционерное общество "Газпром нефть" (ПАО "Газпром нефть") | Blocking composition for killing wells, method of its preparation and method of killing wells using blocking composition |
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