CN102392093A - Direct reduction iron making device and method based on biomass - Google Patents

Direct reduction iron making device and method based on biomass Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102392093A
CN102392093A CN2011104084163A CN201110408416A CN102392093A CN 102392093 A CN102392093 A CN 102392093A CN 2011104084163 A CN2011104084163 A CN 2011104084163A CN 201110408416 A CN201110408416 A CN 201110408416A CN 102392093 A CN102392093 A CN 102392093A
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biomass
direct reduction
combustion chamber
iron making
reduction iron
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罗思义
周扬民
林海波
仪垂杰
岳霞
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Qindao University Of Technology
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Qindao University Of Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/143Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]

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Abstract

The invention provides a direct reduction iron-making device and a direct reduction iron-making method based on biomass, wherein the device comprises a fan, an air-powder premixing pipe, a biomass feeder and a combustion chamber, the biomass feeder is connected with the air-powder premixing pipe, one end of the air-powder premixing pipe is connected with the fan, the other end of the air-powder premixing pipe is connected with the combustion chamber, a slag discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber, a flue gas outlet is arranged at the top of the combustion chamber, and a reactor for direct reduction iron-making is arranged in the middle of. The direct reduction iron-making method comprises green pellet preparation, preheating and direct reduction, wherein a heat source required by the preheating and the reduction is provided by biomass combustion, and synthesis gas prepared by biomass catalytic gasification is used as a reducing agent required by the reduction process. The invention adopts biomass to replace coal and natural gas for direct reduction ironmaking, gets rid of the dependence of ironmaking industry on fossil energy, improves the quality of direct reduced iron products, and reduces the harm to the environment, thereby fundamentally solving the technical and equipment problems of green ironmaking industry.

Description

A kind of direct reduction iron making device and method based on biomass
Technical field
The invention belongs to the ironmaking technology field, relate in particular to a kind of direct reduction iron making device and method based on biomass.
Background technology
Iron And Steel Industry is the important foundation industry of the national economic development, is the important symbol of national economy level and overall national strength.Modern steelmaking feed is mainly derived from blast furnace ironmaking, a spot of steel scrap and dri.In world's Iron And Steel Industry, the supply about 60% of conversion pig is from blast furnace, and China is almost 90% from blast furnace ironmaking.China's blast furnace technology has suffered from two big contradictions in modern times in the Iron And Steel Industry: the one, and strong high-quality coking that relies on of blast furnace iron-making process and coal source reserves are the contradiction between the scarcity day by day; The 2nd, the contradiction between the increasingly high environmental requirement and the serious environmental of traditional blast furnace technology are polluted.Above-mentioned two big contradictions have had a strong impact on the Sustainable development of China's Iron And Steel Industry, and force people to seek new fuel to replace metallurgical coke.Therefore, the research of the exploitation of novel iron-smelting fuel and corresponding iron-smelting process has very important strategic importance to the national economic development.
The fresh fuel that substitutes metallurgical coke ironmaking both at home and abroad at present is mainly coal dust, Sweet natural gas, and the ironmaking novel process of research mainly contains non-blast furnace ironmaking technology such as direct reduction and melting and reducing.
Direct-reduction process then is to be the energy with geseous fuel, liquid fuel or mill coal, reduces the method that obtains metallic iron below the softening temperature at iron ore (or iron content agglomerate).Its product is porous low density spongy structure, is called as dri or sponge iron.Directly reduction is according to the difference of the main body energy, can flow process be divided into coal-based direct reduction, gas base directly reducing and electric heating and directly reduce three major types.Current, be main with gas base directly reducing, account for about 85%, it is that conversion of natural gas is become required reductive agent, then reduction lump ore or pellet in shaft furnace.
At present, the gas base directly reducing iron smelting method has drawback:
(1) the essential natural gas source that enriches that adopts is as guarantee;
(2) temperature of reaction is low, and speed of response is slower, and furnace charge is longer in the zone of reduction residence time;
(3) be reductive agent with the pure hydrogen, though can improve the production efficiency of whole flow process, running cost is higher;
(4) high to iron ore granularity and grade requirement;
In sum, the purpose of the technical development of non-blast furnace ironmaking is in order not use coking coal, and uses coal or Sweet natural gas, and the variation of essence does not take place energy structure, still be unable to do without fossil energy, and especially carbon emission reduction is not basic improves for environmental pollution.Simultaneously, their energy-output ratio is higher than blast furnace ironmaking, and quality also has suitable distance from blast furnace ironmaking, and its comprehensive benefit does not have advantage, and research is slow with progress of application.
Summary of the invention
Be unable to do without the deficiency and the defective of fossil energy to ironmaking technology in the prior art; The invention provides a kind of direct reduction iron making apparatus and method based on biomass; The present invention mixes with powdered biomass and iron ore powder and produces green pellets, and the synthetic gas that is rich in hydrogen and carbon monoxide that generates with Biomass Catalytic Gasification is as the direct reduction iron making of reductive agent.That the present invention invests is little, cost is low, and production efficiency is high, and the product quality of acquisition is high.
For realizing the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention adopts following technical proposals to be achieved:
A kind of direct reduction iron making device based on biomass; It comprises blower fan, wind powder premix barrel, biomass feeder and combustion chamber, and said biomass feeder is communicated with wind powder premix barrel, and said wind powder premix barrel one end links to each other with blower fan; The other end is to be connected with combustion air inlet with the biomass powder of bottom, said combustion chamber; Bottom, said combustion chamber is provided with slag-drip opening, and the top is provided with exhanst gas outlet, and the middle part, combustion chamber is provided with the reactor drum that is used for direct reduction iron making; Said reactor head is provided with reduction waste gas air outlet, and reactor bottom links to each other with the biomass synthesis gas inlet pipe.
Further improvement to technical scheme: be provided with the biomass synthesis gas grid distributor on said reactor bottom biomass synthesis gas inlet pipe top.
Further improvement to technical scheme: be provided with thermopair in said reactor drum middle part.
Further improvement to technical scheme: tangential direction is connected with the combustion chamber said biomass along the bottom, combustion chamber with combustion air inlet.
Further improvement to technical scheme: said combustion chamber is cylindrical.
The present invention also provides a kind of direct reduction iron making method based on biomass, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) green pellets preparation is mixed and made into green pellets by fine iron breeze 70-85%, powdered biomass 10-15%, rhombspar 5-10%, sticker 3-5% and water 5-10%;
(2) preheating is positioned over said green pellets and carries out preheating in the kiln, and preheating temperature is controlled at 600 ~ 800 ℃, said reactor drum with the biomass burning powder as external heat source;
(3) directly reduction; After preheating is accomplished, after increasing kiln temperature and making it reach 800 ~ 1000 ℃, in kiln, feed biomass synthesis gas by the Biomass Catalytic Gasification preparation as reductive agent; Continue to feed 1-2h; Promptly obtain the dri or the pure pig iron, the unreacted waste gas that produces of synthetic gas and reduction reaction completely gets into combustion chambers burn, with the required heat of compensation reduction reaction.
Further improvement to technical scheme: said green pellets preheating and the required external heat source of reduction process are provided by biomass combustion.
Further improvement to technical scheme: said sticker is the mixture that any one or more than one sticker is formed in wilkinite or the organic binder bond, is preferably wilkinite.
Further improvement to technical scheme: being shaped as of said green pellets is spherical, square, cylindrical, is preferably cylindrical or spherical.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and positively effect are:
(1) the present invention mixes powdered biomass and produces green pellets with iron ore powder, and biomass are decomposes in green pellets preheating consolidation process, has increased the agglomerate surface pore volume.
(2) to adopt the efficient burning of biomass powder be that the direct reduction of iron ore provides external heat source in the present invention.
(3) the present invention adopts the synthetic gas that is rich in hydrogen and carbon monoxide that Biomass Catalytic Gasification generates as reductive agent, the synthesis gas preparation cost low and wherein hydrogen content can reach more than 60%.
(4) the present invention breaks away from the dependence of Iron industry to fossil energy from the technical problem of last basic solution Iron industry cleaner production, realizes ironmaking production CO2 zero release.
(5) to generate the carbon content of iron very low in the present invention, has only below 0.5%, that is to say that this direct reduction technique can a step be smelted crude steel, has saved coke, has reduced the cost of the carbon loss of energy and steel-making simultaneously.
After advantages embodiment of the present invention, other characteristics of the present invention and advantage will become clearer.
 
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of direct reduction iron making device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the process flow sheet of direct reduction iron making method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 a is the green pellets that biomass and powdered iron ore are mixed and made among the present invention.
Fig. 3 b is the direct reduction iron making product figure that makes among the present invention.
 
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is done further detailed explanation.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1; The invention provides a kind of direct reduction iron making device based on biomass; It comprises blower fan 1, wind powder premix barrel 2, biomass feeder 3 and combustion chamber 4, and said biomass feeder 3 is communicated with wind powder premix barrel 2, and said wind powder premix barrel 2 one ends link to each other with blower fan 1; The other end is biomass powder and combustion air inlet 5; 4 bottom tangential directions stretch into 4 inside, combustion chamber along the combustion chamber for said biomass powder and combustion air inlet 5, the combustion air that biomass that biomass feeder 3 transports and blower fan 1 provide carries out thorough mixing in wind powder premix barrel 2 after, through powder and combustion air inlet 5 entering combustion chambers 4 internal combustion.
Said combustion chamber 4 is cylindrical, and 4 bottoms, said combustion chamber are provided with slag-drip opening 6, and the top is provided with exhanst gas outlet 7, and the flue gas that burning produces is discharged by the exhanst gas outlet 7 at 4 tops, combustion chamber, and residual ash content is by slag-drip opening 6 dischargings of 4 bottoms, combustion chamber.4 middle parts, combustion chamber are provided with the reactor drum 8 that is used for direct reduction iron making; Said reactor drum 8 tops are provided with reduction waste gas air outlet 12; Reactor bottom links to each other with biomass synthesis gas inlet pipe 11; Be provided with biomass synthesis gas grid distributor 10 on reactor drum 8 inner biomass synthesis gas inlet pipe 11 tops, the reactor drum middle part is provided with thermopair 9.
As shown in Figure 2, the present invention also provides the direct reduction iron making method based on biomass, and said method comprises following step:
(1) green pellets preparation.The ratio of fine iron breeze 75%, powdered biomass 10%, rhombspar 5%, wilkinite 3% and the water 7% of taste 65.2% of choosing is mixed, and is pressed into spherical green pellets through roller ball pressuring machine, and spherical diameter 20mm is shown in Fig. 3 a.
(2) preheating.Green pellets is positioned over carries out preheating in the reactor drum, as external heat source, preheating temperature is controlled at 800 ℃ and kept constant temperature 0.5 hour to said reactor drum, to guarantee the abundant pyrolysis of biomass in the raw material with the biomass burning powder.
(3) directly reduction.After warm is accomplished, increase reactor temperature, when reactor temperature reaches 1000 ℃, in reactor drum, feed biomass synthesis gas (H by the Biomass Catalytic Gasification preparation 252.0wt%, CO 24.6wt%, CO 218.8wt%, CH 42.7wt%), be that reductive agent carries out reduction reaction and makes the dri or the pure pig iron with said biomass synthesis gas, the unreacted waste gas that produces of synthetic gas and reduction reaction completely gets into combustion chambers burn, with the required heat of compensation reduction reaction.
The outward appearance of the prepared dri or the pure pig iron and assay are respectively shown in Fig. 3 b and table 1:
Table 1: the dri component of the dri or the pure pig iron
Composition Al Si P S Ca Mn MFe Other
Composition/% 2.73 6.80 0.03 0.02 1.02 0.36 86.89 2.15
The reduction reaction of carrying out in the whole direct reduction iron making process mainly contains following three kinds:
One, the residual coke of biomass pyrolytic is trapped in the pelletizing and ferriferous oxide generation reduction reaction.
Two, the fugitive constituent of biomass pyrolytic generation receives rhombspar and bentonitic katalysis in the pelletizing in breaking away from the pelletizing process, and catalyzed conversion is the reduction reaction that carbon monoxide, hydrogen and low-molecular-weight hydrocarbon are participated in ferriferous oxide.
Three, the ferriferous oxide generation reduction reaction in synthetic gas and the pelletizing.Biomass in pelletizing decomposes in warm; Pyrogenous origin fugitive constituent is in breaking away from the pelletizing surface process; Cause the increase of pelletizing surface porosity factor and the expansion of pore volume, promoted the carrying out of heat transfer, mass transfer in the reduction process, improved reduction reaction rate and reducing degree.
Biomass mainly are meant in the eagroforestry production process materials such as fowl and animal excrement and waste in grain, lignocellulose (abbreviation xylogen), farming industry tankage, agriculture and forestry organic waste material and livestock industry production process such as stalk, trees the fruit among the present invention.Biomass have the advantage of recyclability, low contaminative and extensive distributivity.Shaping raw material sintering and the required external heat source of reduction process are provided by biomass combustion in the said direct reduction iron making method.Biomass Catalytic Gasification produces biomass synthesis gas, and the gasifying medium that the catalytic gasification process is adopted is that water steams, and the catalyzer that is adopted is the mixture of rhombspar, nickel-base catalyst or rhombspar and nickel-base catalyst.Biomass get into reactor drum 8 through the synthetic gas that is rich in hydrogen and carbon monoxide that catalytic gasification generates through biomass synthesis gas inlet pipe 11; Be uniformly distributed with the shaping raw material generation reduction reaction behind back and the sintering through biomass synthesis gas grid distributor 10, combustion chambers burn is discharged or got into to the waste gas that reaction back produces through the reduction waste gas air outlet 12 at reactor drum 8 tops.
Above embodiment is only in order to explaining technical scheme of the present invention, but not limits it; Although the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation with reference to previous embodiment, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, still can make amendment to the technical scheme that previous embodiment is put down in writing, perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of relevant art scheme break away from the spirit and the scope of the present invention's technical scheme required for protection.

Claims (9)

1. direct reduction iron making device based on biomass; It is characterized in that: it comprises blower fan, wind powder premix barrel, biomass feeder and combustion chamber, and said biomass feeder is communicated with wind powder premix barrel, and said wind powder premix barrel one end links to each other with blower fan; The other end is to be connected with combustion air inlet with the biomass powder of bottom, said combustion chamber; Bottom, said combustion chamber is provided with slag-drip opening, and the top is provided with exhanst gas outlet, and the middle part, combustion chamber is provided with the reactor drum that is used for direct reduction iron making; Said reactor head is provided with reduction waste gas air outlet, and reactor bottom links to each other with the biomass synthesis gas inlet pipe.
2. a kind of direct reduction iron making device based on biomass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with the biomass synthesis gas grid distributor on said reactor bottom biomass synthesis gas inlet pipe top.
3. a kind of direct reduction iron making device based on biomass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with thermopair in said reactor drum middle part.
4. a kind of direct reduction iron making device based on biomass according to claim 1 is characterized in that: tangential direction is connected with the combustion chamber said biomass along the bottom, combustion chamber with combustion air inlet.
5. a kind of direct reduction iron making device based on biomass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said combustion chamber is cylindrical.
6. direct reduction iron making method based on biomass is characterized in that: said method comprising the steps of:
(1) green pellets preparation is mixed and made into green pellets by fine iron breeze 70-85%, powdered biomass 10-15%, rhombspar 5-10%, sticker 3-5% and water 5-10%;
(2) preheating is positioned over said green pellets and carries out preheating in the kiln, and preheating temperature is controlled at 600 ~ 800 ℃, said reactor drum with the biomass burning powder as external heat source;
(3) directly reduction; After preheating is accomplished, after increasing kiln temperature and making it reach 800 ~ 1000 ℃, in kiln, feed biomass synthesis gas by the Biomass Catalytic Gasification preparation as reductive agent; Continue to feed 1-2h; Promptly obtain the dri or the pure pig iron, the unreacted waste gas that produces of synthetic gas and reduction reaction completely gets into combustion chambers burn, with the required heat of compensation reduction reaction.
7. according to the described direct reduction iron making method based on biomass of claim 6, it is characterized in that: said green pellets preheating and the required external heat source of reduction process are provided by biomass combustion.
8. the direct reduction iron making method based on biomass according to claim 6 is characterized in that: said sticker is the mixture that any one or more than one sticker is formed in wilkinite or the organic binder bond, is preferably wilkinite.
9. the direct reduction iron making method based on biomass according to claim 6 is characterized in that: being shaped as of said green pellets is spherical, square, cylindrical, is preferably cylindrical or spherical.
CN2011104084163A 2011-12-09 2011-12-09 Direct reduction iron making device and method based on biomass Pending CN102392093A (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103146865A (en) * 2013-03-29 2013-06-12 青岛理工大学 Direct reduction iron making device and method based on biomass pyrolysis tar
CN105755194A (en) * 2016-03-11 2016-07-13 太原理工大学 Iron ore powder fusion prereduction method
CN107119166A (en) * 2017-05-19 2017-09-01 安徽工业大学 A kind of biomass iron content agglomerate mini-mill steelmaking and the method for producing stainless steel
CN107177732A (en) * 2017-05-19 2017-09-19 安徽工业大学 It is a kind of to prepare high strength bainite agglomerate and gas iron co-production as bonding carrier with biomass
CN108374065A (en) * 2017-03-13 2018-08-07 安徽工业大学 A kind of co-production of imflammable gas and direct reduced iron
CN108559815A (en) * 2018-07-09 2018-09-21 赵威 The device and method of direct reduced iron is produced using biological straw
CN108570525A (en) * 2017-03-13 2018-09-25 安徽工业大学 It is a kind of to be used to produce combustible gas and the biomass iron content agglomerate of DRI and preparation method thereof
CN109680114A (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-04-26 山东大学 A kind of system and method for coal gasification collaboration reduction of iron ore
CN110387445A (en) * 2019-08-16 2019-10-29 东北大学 A method of use lignin to produce direct reduced iron for reducing agent
CN111647705A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-09-11 上海交通大学 Method for reducing iron compound into iron simple substance by carbohydrate biomass two-stage method
WO2022243726A1 (en) * 2021-05-18 2022-11-24 Arcelormittal A method for manufacturing direct reduced iron
US20230002852A1 (en) * 2016-10-24 2023-01-05 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Production of Iron

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN103146865B (en) * 2013-03-29 2014-10-01 青岛理工大学 Direct reduction iron making device and method based on biomass pyrolysis tar
CN103146865A (en) * 2013-03-29 2013-06-12 青岛理工大学 Direct reduction iron making device and method based on biomass pyrolysis tar
CN105755194A (en) * 2016-03-11 2016-07-13 太原理工大学 Iron ore powder fusion prereduction method
US11959153B2 (en) * 2016-10-24 2024-04-16 Technological Resources Pty Limited Production of iron
US20230002852A1 (en) * 2016-10-24 2023-01-05 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Production of Iron
CN108570525A (en) * 2017-03-13 2018-09-25 安徽工业大学 It is a kind of to be used to produce combustible gas and the biomass iron content agglomerate of DRI and preparation method thereof
CN108374065A (en) * 2017-03-13 2018-08-07 安徽工业大学 A kind of co-production of imflammable gas and direct reduced iron
CN108384579A (en) * 2017-03-13 2018-08-10 安徽工业大学 A kind of gasification of biomass and direct reduced iron coproduction additive and its application
CN107177732A (en) * 2017-05-19 2017-09-19 安徽工业大学 It is a kind of to prepare high strength bainite agglomerate and gas iron co-production as bonding carrier with biomass
CN107177732B (en) * 2017-05-19 2019-05-17 安徽工业大学 It is a kind of that biomass is used to prepare high strength bainite agglomerate and gas iron co-production as bonding carrier
CN107119166A (en) * 2017-05-19 2017-09-01 安徽工业大学 A kind of biomass iron content agglomerate mini-mill steelmaking and the method for producing stainless steel
CN108559815A (en) * 2018-07-09 2018-09-21 赵威 The device and method of direct reduced iron is produced using biological straw
CN109680114A (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-04-26 山东大学 A kind of system and method for coal gasification collaboration reduction of iron ore
CN110387445A (en) * 2019-08-16 2019-10-29 东北大学 A method of use lignin to produce direct reduced iron for reducing agent
CN111647705A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-09-11 上海交通大学 Method for reducing iron compound into iron simple substance by carbohydrate biomass two-stage method
WO2022243726A1 (en) * 2021-05-18 2022-11-24 Arcelormittal A method for manufacturing direct reduced iron

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Application publication date: 20120328