CN102389446A - Ginseng steaming method - Google Patents
Ginseng steaming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102389446A CN102389446A CN2011101697599A CN201110169759A CN102389446A CN 102389446 A CN102389446 A CN 102389446A CN 2011101697599 A CN2011101697599 A CN 2011101697599A CN 201110169759 A CN201110169759 A CN 201110169759A CN 102389446 A CN102389446 A CN 102389446A
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- radix ginseng
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of ginseng processing and discloses a ginseng steaming method. The method comprises the following steps: steaming ginseng at a heating-up rate of 1.8-3 DEG C per minute; keeping for 3.5-5 hours at a constant temperature of 96-100 DEG C and a pressure of 1.0 MPa; stopping steaming for 10-15 minutes; carrying out primary steam-release cooling for 20-30 minutes until the temperature is reduced to 80-85 DEG C; carrying out secondary steam-release cooling for 10-20 minutes until the temperature is reduced to 50-55 DEG C; cooling the ginseng at room temperature; and finally, airing and drying to obtain the steamed ginseng. Based on the uniform heating-up rate, low-temperature steaming and slow steam-release cooling, the method disclosed by the invention increases the ginsenoside content, reduces the body cracking possibility of the ginseng, improves the product quality and enhances the curative effect of the ginseng.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Radix Ginseng manufacture field, relate to the method that a kind of Radix Ginseng steams in particular.
Background technology
Radix Ginseng is an Araliaceae perennial herb class perennial plant; Contain compositions such as saponin, volatile oil, phenols, peptide class, polysaccharide, monosaccharide, aminoacid, organic acid, vitamins, fatty oil, choline, flavonoid, trace element; Strongly invigorating primordial QI is arranged, take off admittedly, promote the production of body fluid, calm the nerves and effect such as Fructus Alpiniae Oxyphyllae; Both can be used as medicine, it is edible to make health food again, very popular.
The topmost composition of Radix Ginseng is the ginsenoside, if Radix Ginseng without processed, is making moist or under the uniform temperature condition, the hydrolytic enzyme in the Radix Ginseng is hydrolyzed into ginsengenin and sugar with the ginsenoside, ginsenoside's structure is destroyed, and then subtracts the mistake drug effect.Therefore, Radix Ginseng need steam processing after results.Steam in the process at Radix Ginseng, temperature surpasses more than 70 ℃, and hydrolytic enzyme is lost activity, and plays protection ginsenoside's effect.Simultaneously, the starch in the fresh ginseng, polysaccharide, microorganism etc. are removed in the course of processing or are transformed into other composition, can guarantee the Radix Ginseng long-term storage, are easy to medicinal.
At present, the fresh ginseng steaming method adopts cauldron to steam method and atmospheric steam method basically.Cauldron steams method and generally takes to discharge water in the pot; Food steamer dress Radix Ginseng; Cover the method for plastic sheeting on the pot; But this method is improper to temperature ascensional range, maximum temperature, steaming time and the control of temperature fall, and then makes the Radix Ginseng that steams beat to mix broken the tripe probability higher, causes composition such as ginsenoside's grade excessive.And the atmospheric steam method also can cause Radix Ginseng to occur beating mixing brokenly the tripe phenomenon because intensification is anxious, temperature is high, the time is short, and the active ingredient of Radix Ginseng is reduced, and can not process the high-quality Radix Ginseng Rubra well.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the method that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Radix Ginseng to steam makes this method can reduce Radix Ginseng and beats and mix brokenly the tripe probability, improves content of ginsenoside.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
The method that a kind of Radix Ginseng steams; Intensification amplitude with 1.8-3 ℃/min is carried out decatize to Radix Ginseng, and constant temperature keeps 3.5-5h under 96-100 ℃, 1.0MPa, stops decatize 10-15min then; Following 20-30min consuming time carries out first time steam bleeding and is cooled to 80-85 ℃; 10-20min consuming time then carries out second time steam bleeding and is cooled to 50-55 ℃, then Radix Ginseng is placed cooling under the room temperature environment, last dry in the sun, dryly must steam Radix Ginseng.
Because existing steaming method temperature controlling when steaming is improper, it is bigger to cause Radix Ginseng to occur beating the probability of mixing brokenly tripe, causes ginsenoside's composition excessive.Beat and to mix broken tripe and be meant Radix Ginseng (steaming preceding Radix Ginseng) in the process that is processed into Radix Ginseng Rubra (Radix Ginseng after steaming), the phenomenon of face checking, face checking, ginsenoside's composition will be excessive, influences the ginseng quality.Therefore; The present invention at the uniform velocity heats up with suitable temperature, and at low temperatures Radix Ginseng is steamed, and makes the progressively adaptive temperature variation of Radix Ginseng surface; Too urgent, too high Radix Ginseng epidermis and the inner excessive temperature differentials of making of temperature of avoiding heating up causes internal starch sharply to expand and causes skin crack.Simultaneously, avoid that the intensification amplitude is less, temperature is low excessively causes steaming thoroughly and to steam efficient lower.
Wherein, said intensification amplitude is preferably 2 ℃/min, and the temperature that said constant temperature keeps is preferably 98 ℃.Steam in the process actual, the present invention controls the whole process that steams through steaming the goods steam chest, steam initial temperature and look in-cabinet temperature and decide, but in-cabinet temperature can not surpass room temperature, avoids being in the inequality appearance of being heated inside and outside the Radix Ginseng of room temperature and beats and mix brokenly tripe.Radix Ginseng needs balance when going into to steam the goods steam chest, want degree of tightness suitable during balance, should avoid overstocked influence that steam flows and Radix Ginseng mutually extruding break, avoided pine to cause Radix Ginseng to steam the back again and ruptured because of soft.
Because Radix Ginseng year is living, quality is different, concrete steaming time also can be slightly different, if the different Radix Ginseng of grade steamed with the identical time, the part Radix Ginseng then may occur and give birth to heart phenomenon (steaming not thorough), and the part Radix Ginseng steams excessive destruction saponin structure.To this problem; With reference to the bright Park Ginseng of the GB/T22533-2008 quality standard that grades, it is high propping up Radix Ginseng/500g with 3-5 when practical operation in the present invention, and it is medium that 6-9 props up Radix Ginseng/500g; It is low etc. that 10-20 props up Radix Ginseng/500g, and wherein high Radix Ginseng steaming time is 4.5-5h.Medium Radix Ginseng steaming time is 4-4.5h, and low steaming time such as Radix Ginseng such as grade is 3.5-4h.
Radix Ginseng steams in intensification and constant temperature and keeps the stage no doubt important, but steam bleeding temperature-fall period no less important, if the steam bleeding excessive velocities, temperature descends will be too fast, then the Radix Ginseng epidermis is caught a cold and is sharply shunk, and internal heat molecular motion faster causes face checking.If steam bleeding speed is slow excessively, then the people attends a meeting because stewing system overlong time influences color and luster, influences efficient simultaneously.So the present invention is slowly steam bleeding cooling before this; After reducing to uniform temperature, accelerate cooling rate, directly Radix Ginseng is placed cooling under the room temperature environment at last, wherein; The 25min that is preferably consuming time of the said steam bleeding cooling first time, the 15min that is preferably consuming time of the said steam bleeding cooling second time.
Because the Radix Ginseng after just having steamed contains a lot of moisture, be unfavorable for storing, influence color and luster, so the present invention carries out dry in the sun, drying to Radix Ginseng.Wherein, said drying is to keep 5-6h at 60-70 ℃ of following constant temperature, reduces to 40-50 ℃ of constant temperature then and keeps 2-3h.
The method of the invention also comprises: Radix Ginseng is clean, lower tail before decatize, wind 6-10min is preferably wind 7-8min then.
The comparative result of the test of the method for the invention shows that the Radix Ginseng after the method for the invention steams is at total saponins, Rb
1And Re+Rg
1All be higher than the Radix Ginseng after existing method steams on the content, beat simultaneously and mix brokenly the tripe probability and also be starkly lower than prior art.
Can be known that by above technical scheme the method for the invention adopts at the uniform velocity and heats up, low temperature steams the method with slow steam bleeding cooling, has improved content of ginsenoside, reduces to beat and mixes brokenly the tripe probability, has improved product quality, has increased the Radix Ginseng curative effect.
The specific embodiment
The invention discloses the method that a kind of Radix Ginseng steams, those skilled in the art can use for reference this paper content, suitably improve technological parameter and realize.Special needs to be pointed out is that all similarly replace and change apparent to those skilled in the art, they all are regarded as and are included in the present invention.The method of the invention is described through preferred embodiment; The related personnel obviously can change or suitably change and combination methods and applications as herein described in not breaking away from content of the present invention, spirit and scope, realizes and use technology of the present invention.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
To through scrubbing, lower tail, the anhydrous high Radix Ginseng of epidermis, reed swings in and steams in the tray upside down, puts density suitable (those skilled in the art can accurately judge according to this area experience).
Swing in and steam Radix Ginseng in the tray, behind the wind 6min, lid layer drawer cloth is put into and steamed in the goods steam chest, and is gapped between dish and dish, is beneficial to vapours and flows.
According to the temperature controller displays temperature, when Radix Ginseng skin temperature and in-cabinet temperature near the time, give vapour, per minute rises 2 ℃, at the uniform velocity is warming up to 98 ℃ and under 1.0MPa, stop vapour behind the constant temperature 4.5h.Close after valve stops vapour 15min, 25min consuming time carries out first time steam bleeding and is cooled to 80-85 ℃, opens the cabinet door, and 15min consuming time carries out second time steam bleeding and is cooled to 50-55 ℃ and offers for sale.Steam the ginseng panel surface when not having vapours and distributing, take away drawer cloth, balance.
With the no moisture in Radix Ginseng dry in the sun to surface of balance, keep 6h at 65 ℃ of following constant temperature then then, reduce to 45 ℃ of constant temperature then and keep 2h.Dried Radix Ginseng is packed the Radix Ginseng Rubra that gets product.
Embodiment 2:
To through scrubbing, lower tail, the anhydrous medium Radix Ginseng of epidermis, reed swings in and steams in the tray upside down, puts density suitable (those skilled in the art can accurately judge according to this area experience).
Swing in and steam Radix Ginseng in the tray, behind the wind 6min, lid layer drawer cloth is put into and steamed in the goods steam chest, and is gapped between dish and dish, is beneficial to vapours and flows.
According to the temperature controller displays temperature, when Radix Ginseng skin temperature and in-cabinet temperature near the time, give vapour, per minute rises 1.8 ℃, stops vapour behind the constant temperature 4h when at the uniform velocity being warming up to 96 ℃ and under 1.0MPa.Close after valve stops vapour 12min, 30min consuming time carries out first time steam bleeding and is cooled to 80-85 ℃, opens the cabinet door, and 10min consuming time carries out second time steam bleeding and is cooled to 50-55 ℃ and offers for sale.Steam the ginseng panel surface when not having vapours and distributing, take away drawer cloth, balance.
With the no moisture in Radix Ginseng dry in the sun to surface of balance, keep 6h at 60 ℃ of following constant temperature then then, reduce to 40 ℃ of constant temperature then and keep 2.5h.Dried Radix Ginseng is packed the Radix Ginseng Rubra that gets product.
Embodiment 3:
To through scrubbing, the anhydrous Radix Ginseng such as low of lower tail, epidermis, reed swings in and steams in the tray upside down, puts density suitable (those skilled in the art can accurately judge according to this area experience).
Swing in and steam Radix Ginseng in the tray, behind the wind 8min, lid layer drawer cloth is put into and steamed in the goods steam chest, and is gapped between dish and dish, is beneficial to vapours and flows.
According to the temperature controller displays temperature, when Radix Ginseng skin temperature and in-cabinet temperature near the time, give vapour, per minute rises 3 ℃, stops vapour behind the constant temperature 3.5h when at the uniform velocity being warming up to 98 ℃ and under 1.0MPa.Close after valve stops vapour 10min, 20min consuming time carries out first time steam bleeding and is cooled to 80-85 ℃, opens the cabinet door, and 20min consuming time carries out second time steam bleeding and is cooled to 50-55 ℃ and offers for sale.Steam the ginseng panel surface when not having vapours and distributing, take away drawer cloth, balance.
With the no moisture in Radix Ginseng dry in the sun to surface of balance, keep 5.5h at 60 ℃ of following constant temperature then then, reduce to 50 ℃ of constant temperature then and keep 3h.Dried Radix Ginseng is packed the Radix Ginseng Rubra that gets product.
Embodiment 4:
According to grade scale of the present invention, get high 5 the end of the year Radix Ginseng and 4 the end of the year Radix Ginseng, steam with the method for the invention and existing method respectively, beating after steaming mixed brokenly the tripe phenomenon and content of ginsenoside carries out check and analysis, the result sees table 1.
Table 1 content of ginsenoside reaches to beat mixes brokenly tripe Probability Analysis result
Can know that by table 1 Radix Ginseng after the method for the invention steams is at total saponins, Rb
1And Re+Rg
1All be higher than the Radix Ginseng after existing method steams on the content, beating of the method for the invention mixed brokenly the tripe probability between 3-10% simultaneously, is starkly lower than the 15-20% of prior art.Show that the method for the invention can reduce Radix Ginseng and beat and mix brokenly the tripe probability, improve content of ginsenoside.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; Can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the method that Radix Ginseng steams is characterized in that, with the intensification amplitude of 1.8-3 ℃/min Radix Ginseng is carried out decatize; Constant temperature keeps 3.5-5h under 96-100 ℃, 1.0MPa; Stop decatize 10-15min then, follow 20-30min consuming time and carry out first time steam bleeding and be cooled to 80-85 ℃, 10-20min consuming time then carries out second time steam bleeding and is cooled to 50-55 ℃; Then Radix Ginseng is placed under the room temperature environment cooling, last dry in the sun, dryly must steam Radix Ginseng.
2. according to the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that said intensification amplitude is 2 ℃/min.
3. according to the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the temperature that said constant temperature keeps is 98 ℃.
4. according to the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the consuming time of the said steam bleeding cooling first time is 25min.
5. according to the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the consuming time of the said steam bleeding cooling second time is 15min.
6. according to the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that said drying is to keep 5-6h at 60-70 ℃ of following constant temperature, reduces to 40-50 ℃ of constant temperature then and keeps 2-3h.
7. according to the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Radix Ginseng is clean, lower tail, wind 6-10min then before decatize.
8. according to the said method of claim 7, it is characterized in that the said wind time is 7-8min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011101697599A CN102389446B (en) | 2011-06-22 | 2011-06-22 | Ginseng steaming method |
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| CN2011101697599A CN102389446B (en) | 2011-06-22 | 2011-06-22 | Ginseng steaming method |
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| CN102389446A true CN102389446A (en) | 2012-03-28 |
| CN102389446B CN102389446B (en) | 2013-07-03 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105147750A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-16 | 吉林省百济堂参业有限公司 | Ginseng slice processing method capable of effectively increasing ginsenoside contents |
| CN106491679A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-03-15 | 成都合迅医药技术有限公司 | A kind of concocting method of Radix Ginseng |
| CN107898864A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-04-13 | 安徽九洲方圆制药有限公司 | A kind of concocting method of prepared rhizome of rehmannia |
| CN110840228A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2020-02-28 | 吉林原参态中药饮片科技有限公司 | Ginseng steaming and boiling method |
| CN114848696A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-05 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Ginseng reed head processing method |
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2011
- 2011-06-22 CN CN2011101697599A patent/CN102389446B/en active Active
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| 翟宁，等: "红参的炮制工艺与高效液相色谱法对比红参与生晒参的研究", 《吉林医学》 * |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105147750A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-16 | 吉林省百济堂参业有限公司 | Ginseng slice processing method capable of effectively increasing ginsenoside contents |
| CN106491679A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-03-15 | 成都合迅医药技术有限公司 | A kind of concocting method of Radix Ginseng |
| CN106491679B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-11-08 | 成都合迅医药技术有限公司 | A kind of concocting method of ginseng |
| CN107898864A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-04-13 | 安徽九洲方圆制药有限公司 | A kind of concocting method of prepared rhizome of rehmannia |
| CN110840228A (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2020-02-28 | 吉林原参态中药饮片科技有限公司 | Ginseng steaming and boiling method |
| CN110840228B (en) * | 2019-12-14 | 2021-01-19 | 吉林汇参堂中药饮片科技有限公司 | Ginseng steaming and boiling method |
| CN114848696A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-05 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Ginseng reed head processing method |
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| CN102389446B (en) | 2013-07-03 |
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