CN102381797B - Method for treating waste liquid and waste gas produced by fish meal processing - Google Patents

Method for treating waste liquid and waste gas produced by fish meal processing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102381797B
CN102381797B CN2011103116472A CN201110311647A CN102381797B CN 102381797 B CN102381797 B CN 102381797B CN 2011103116472 A CN2011103116472 A CN 2011103116472A CN 201110311647 A CN201110311647 A CN 201110311647A CN 102381797 B CN102381797 B CN 102381797B
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water
sewage
pond
carrier
fish meal
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CN102381797A (en
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冯源
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LONG RESOURCES MARINE BIOLOGY CO Ltd
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LONG RESOURCES MARINE BIOLOGY CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for treating waste liquid produced by fish meal processing. The method mainly comprises the following steps of: separating the oil and water in pressed liquor from a solid object by using a centrifugal device; heating and concentrating the water containing a small amount of solid object; stopping concentrating when the content of the solid object of a concentrated solution reaches 45-55%; spraying the concentrated solution to a filter cake; and drying. A method for treating waste gas produced by fish meal processing mainly comprises the following steps of: condensing and cooking, drying, concentrating, condensing the waste gas of an amine-removing device through a condenser; sending condensed water to a waste water treatment apparatus for biodegradation treatment; enabling uncondensed gas to pass through a carrier on a grid; arranging an automatic water spraying system above the carrier; and introducing the uncondensed gas subjected to gas washing to a multi-stage biodegradation device. With the adoption of the method, the foul smell waste gas and waste water produced in the fish meal processing course can be effectively treated so as to reach environment-friendly discharge standard. The method is simple, can be automatically treated in large scale and recycle heat energy and save energy when used for heating a boiler and domestic water.

Description

Waste liquid and waste vapour treatment process that fish meal processing produces
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of waste liquid and waste gas processing method.
Background technology
Fish meal is a kind of take low-value small fish or the accurately machined tankage of fish as raw material, the high protein feed raw material of producing by operations such as boiling, squeezing, dryings.The whole course of processing needs the moisture of raw material weight more than 70% is removed, because raw material is in storage, transportation and the course of processing, its albumen, fat all might be putrid and deteriorated, so waste liquid and the waste gas stench of the generation of fish meal machining, existing fish meal is processed small business and generally above-mentioned waste liquid and waste gas is not just dealt with or slightly deal with directly discharging, environment is on every side caused great pollution, not only affect people's orthobiosis, also restricted the development of local economy simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of waste liquid and the waste gas method that can effectively process fish meal processing generation.The present invention carries out reuse to available part, and the part that can not utilize is carried out biological degradation.
One, liquid waste disposal
The waste liquid that fish meal processing directly produces is pressed liquor, namely squeezes the waste liquid that the raw material after the boiling obtains, and it contains oil, water and solid substance, so its treatment process is as follows:
1, separate: utilize centrifugation apparatus that the oil in the pressed liquor and water and solid substance are separated, make water content in oil less than 1%, impurity is lower than 0.5%, forms hair fish oil and refines; Having separated the water of oil and solid substance (11-20%), to enter next procedure concentrated.
2, concentrated: the water heating that will above-mentionedly contain a small amount of solid substance concentrates, preferably control temperature 70-100 ℃, vacuum tightness-0.075--0.095Mpa, carry out single-action or Multi-effect concentration, when the concentrated solution solid content reaches 45-55%, stop to concentrate.
3, oven dry: above-mentioned concentrated solution is sprayed onto together oven dry on the press cake.
Two, off gas treatment
The approach that fish meal processing produces waste gas have 1. the boiling raw material, 2., oven dry squeeze cake, 3., concentration squeezing liquid, 4., except the amine in the fish meal etc.
The treatment process of above-mentioned waste gas is as follows:
1, condensation: above-mentioned boiling, oven dry, concentrated and be equipped with fish meal grain catcher and exhaust gas collector except amine equipment, this fish meal grain catcher is separated recovery with the solid granule in the waste vapour (being fish meal substantially) first, link to each other with condenser through exhaust gas collector from trap gas out, be condensed into water of condensation through about 85% exhaust steam behind the condenser, remaining about 15% is non-condensable gas.
2, water of condensation is processed: the above-mentioned waste vapour water of condensation that contains pollutent that is condensed, be called for short sewage, and temperature is generally at 30-40 ℃, and COD is relevant with raw material fish freshness, reaches as high as 10000.This water of condensation is sent into waste water disposal facility carry out the biological degradation processing.Concrete treatment step is as follows:
(1), water of condensation enters equalizing tank and carries out conventional oil removal and Air Exposure, and a small amount of fat that may sneak among the water of condensation is got rid of, and the condensate temperature that will process is adjusted to and is not higher than 40 ℃, pH value about 7.
(2), the sewage after will regulating carries to anaerobic pond with pump, this airtight anaerobic pond is provided with the water pipe that advances continuously above-mentioned sewage and the overflow pipe that leads to Aerobic Pond.Be provided with bacterial classification in this anaerobic pond, it is that the municipal sewage plant processes the used active sludge of sanitary sewage, cultivates the degrade active sludge flora of fish meal wastewater of being suitable for of obtaining through domestication.
This active sludge flora domestication and culture method is:
A gets the municipal sewage plant and processes the used active sludge of sanitary sewage, adds above-mentioned sewage, and a week is motionless, carries out natural selection, is fit to the flora existence of this condition, and the flora that is not suitable for this condition is dead, and this process COD value reduces very little.
One week of b is rear with the water in the above-mentioned sewage short run displacement anaerobic pond, and detects the COD value of water inlet and water outlet, compares its result's difference, understands the domestication situation.When water outlet COD value is down to 800-1000mg/l, be fit to the instruction end of dominant microflora of degraded fish meal wastewater, can carry out disaggregating treatment to organic matter in the sewage.Active mud content is with the control of anaerobic pond drainage water COD value in this anaerobic pond, and namely the COD value need increase the good active sludge quantity of domestication when being higher than this value between 800-1000mg/l.
(3), the sewage that decomposed in anaerobic pond enters Aerobic Pond, carry out aerobic aeration and process.This Aerobic Pond is provided with the water inlet pipe that links to each other with the anaerobic pond overflow pipe and the water shoot that links to each other with settling bowl, be provided with aeration tube at the bottom of the pond, be provided with bacterial classification in this Aerobic Pond, it is that the municipal sewage plant processes the used active sludge of sanitary sewage, cultivates the degrade active sludge flora of fish meal wastewater of being suitable for of obtaining through domestication.
This active sludge flora domestication and culture method is basic identical with the acclimation method of anaerobic pond flora, that is:
A gets the municipal sewage plant and processes the used active sludge of sanitary sewage, adds above-mentioned sewage, and all left and right sides time is not advanced sewage, but need continuous aeration, carry out natural selection, be fit to the flora existence of this condition, the flora that is not suitable for this condition is dead, and this process COD value reduces very little.
B uses the interior water of sewage short run displacement Aerobic Pond in the anaerobic pond after one week, and detects the COD value of water inlet and water outlet, compares its result's difference, understands the domestication situation.When water outlet COD value is down to 120-200mg/l, be fit to the instruction end of dominant microflora of degraded fish meal wastewater, can carry out disaggregating treatment to organic matter in the sewage.Active mud content is with the control of Aerobic Pond drainage water COD value in this Aerobic Pond, and namely the COD value need increase the good active sludge quantity of domestication when being higher than this value below 200mg/l.15-35 ℃ of this Aerobic Pond water temperature, pH value 7-8,36-60 cubic metres of/cubic metre water of 24 hours aeration rates.
(4), enter again second pond through the Aerobic Pond treated water, with microbial bacterial mud and the clear water precipitate and separate handled well, filter again water quality is further optimized, can reach in the 100mg/l through the COD of sewage of above-mentioned processing, realize qualified discharge.
3, non-condensable gas is processed
(1), gas washing: allow non-condensable gas that condenser condenses do not get off by the carrier on the grid, this carrier is the corrosion-resistant porous hard materials such as the porous ceramic grain of water flowing, ventilation or volcanics grain.The carrier top is provided with the automatic water sprinkling system, and it can wash non-condensable gas, particle collection can be got off first, and the 2nd, make gas temperature not be higher than 38 ℃, live to be fit to follow-up flora, the 3rd, make moisture-saturated, for flora provides necessary living condition.The gas washing water that sprays drops down onto in the following pond via carrier and grid, water in this pond can be recycled, flow 10 cubes m/hs (can adjust flexibly flow according to the facility processing power) more renews water when its water temperature is higher than when 37-38 ℃ or COD value are higher than 200-300mg/l, and the water that the COD value is higher than 200-300mg/l can be used for the biological degradation spray.
(2), biological degradation: the not condensing behind the gas washing is introduced the multi-stage biological decomposition apparatus.Also there is a grid each unit of the biodegradation unit of this series connection, which is provided with and the carriers such as top identical haydite or volcanics grain, and stink substance can adsorb by suppressed by vector when non-condensable gas passed through carrier layer; The carrier top is provided with automatic spraying device, this device at first will be with the liquid spraying of active sludge to above-mentioned carrier, then 2-3 hour intermittent type is to the sewage of carrier spray COD value at 200-300mg/l, it is first for being attached to the active sludge Additional nutrient solution on the carrier, simultaneously can remove the microorganism that dies again, control simultaneously the biological degradation temperature at 15 ℃-30 ℃, pH value is about 7.Active sludge on the carrier makes it to become odorless gas with the non-condensable gas degraded of absorption.The water that each unit spray of biodegradation unit is got off drops down onto in the following pond via carrier and grid, and the water in this pond can be recycled, and changes when muddiness.Stink substance is down to zero dimension 1300 by the biodegradation unit odor concentration by original zero dimension 20000, reaches national atmospheric emission standard.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, the present invention can effectively process foul waste gas and waste water that the fish meal course of processing produces, makes it all reach environmental emission standard.
2, method is simple, can realize automatization, mass-producing processing.
3, the present invention's recyclable heat energy also with its heating boiler and domestic water, is saved the energy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that non-condensable gas treatment unit master of the present invention looks the section simplified schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Example 1
Adopt horizontal centrifugal equipment and disk centrifugal equipment that the oil in the pressed liquor and water and solid substance are separated, make water content in oil less than 1%, impurity is lower than 0.5%, forms hair fish oil and refines; The water and the solid substance that have separated oil enter next procedure and concentrate.The above-mentioned water heating that contains 20% solid substance is concentrated, and the control temperature vacuumizes vacuum tightness at 70 ℃ :-0.095Mpa, carry out Multi-effect concentration, and when reaching 55%, the concentrated solution solid content stops to concentrate.Above-mentioned concentrated solution is sprayed onto together oven dry on the press cake.
Above-mentioned boiling, oven dry, concentrated and be equipped with fish meal grain catcher and exhaust gas collector except amine equipment, this fish meal grain catcher is separated recovery with the solid granule in the waste vapour first, link to each other with condenser through exhaust gas collector from trap gas out, be condensed into water of condensation through about 80% exhaust steam behind the condenser, remaining about 15% is non-condensable gas.39 ℃ of the waste vapour condensate temperatures that is condensed, COD is 3800.This water of condensation is sent into waste water disposal facility carry out the biological degradation processing.Water of condensation enters equalizing tank and carries out oil removal and Air Exposure, and a small amount of fat that may sneak among the water of condensation is got rid of, and the condensate temperature that will process is adjusted to 38 ℃, pH value about 7.Sewage after regulating is carried to anaerobic pond with pump, and this airtight anaerobic pond is provided with the water pipe that advances continuously above-mentioned sewage and the upflow tube that leads to Aerobic Pond.Be added with anaerobic species in this anaerobic pond, it is the used active sludge of processing sanitary sewage of buying from the municipal sewage plant, cultivates the active sludge flora that obtains through domestication.This active sludge flora domestication and culture method is: get the municipal sewage plant and process the used active sludge of sanitary sewage, add above-mentioned sewage, a week is motionless, carry out natural selection, the flora existence of this condition of being fit to, the flora that is not suitable for this condition is dead, and this process COD value reduces very little.One week is rear with the water in the above-mentioned sewage short run displacement anaerobic pond, and detects the COD value of water inlet and water outlet, compares its result's difference, understands the domestication situation.When water outlet COD value is down to 800mg/l, be fit to the instruction end of dominant microflora of degraded fish meal wastewater, can carry out disaggregating treatment to organic matter in the sewage.Active mud content is with the control of anaerobic pond drainage water COD value in this anaerobic pond, and namely the COD value need increase the good active sludge quantity of domestication when being higher than this value between 800-1000mg/l.Above-mentioned active sludge flora is down to the COD of above-mentioned water of condensation about 800mg/l.The sewage that has decomposed in anaerobic pond enters in the Aerobic Pond by the water inlet pipe that links to each other with the anaerobic pond overflow pipe, carries out aerobic aeration and processes.Be added with aerobic bacterial classification in this Aerobic Pond, this active sludge flora domestication and culture method is basic identical with the acclimation method of anaerobic pond flora, that is: process the used active sludge of sanitary sewage from municipal sewage plant's purchase, add above-mentioned sewage, all left and right sides time is not advanced sewage, but needs continuous aeration, carry out natural selection, the flora existence of this condition of being fit to, the flora that is not suitable for this condition is dead, and this process COD value reduces very little.Use the water in the sewage short run displacement Aerobic Pond in the anaerobic pond after one week, and detect the COD value of water inlet and water outlet, compare its result's difference, understand the domestication situation.When water outlet COD value is down to 200mg/l, be fit to the instruction end of dominant microflora of degraded fish meal wastewater, can carry out disaggregating treatment to organic matter in the sewage.Active mud content need increase the good active sludge quantity of domestication with the control of Aerobic Pond drainage water COD value in this Aerobic Pond when being higher than this value.15 ℃ of this Aerobic Pond water temperatures, pH value 7-8,40 cubic metres of/cubic metre water of 24 hours aeration rates.Organic matter in the water is carried out disaggregating treatment, make COD be down to 200mg/l.Enter again second pond through the Aerobic Pond treated water, with microbial bacterial mud and the clear water precipitate and separate handled well, filter again water quality is further optimized, can reach in the 100mg/l through the COD of sewage of above-mentioned processing, realize qualified discharge.
Look in the section simplified schematic diagram non-condensable gas treatment unit master of the present invention shown in Figure 1; blower fan 1 allows non-condensable gas that condenser condenses do not get off by the carrier 3 on the grid 2, and this carrier is the corrosion-resistant porous hard materials such as the porous ceramic grain of water flowing, ventilation or volcanics grain.The carrier top is provided with automatic water sprinkling system 4, the gas washing water that sprays drops down onto in the following pond 5 via carrier and grid, water in this pond can recycle by pump 6,10 cubes m/hs of flows more renew water when its water temperature is higher than when 37 ℃ or COD value are higher than 200mg/l, and the water that the COD value is higher than 200mg/l can be used for the biological degradation spray.
Not condensing behind the gas washing is introduced the multi-stage biological decomposition apparatus.Also there is a grid 7 each unit of the biodegradation unit of this series connection, which is provided with and the carriers 8 such as top identical haydite or volcanics grain, and stink substance can adsorb by suppressed by vector when non-condensable gas passed through carrier layer; Carrier top is provided with automatic spraying device 9, and this device at first will be with the liquid spraying of active sludge to above-mentioned carrier, and then 2 hours intermittent types are controlled the biological degradation temperature at 15 ℃ to the sewage of carrier spray COD value at 200mg/l, and pH value is about 7.Active sludge on the carrier makes it to become odorless gas with the non-condensable gas degraded of absorption.The water that each unit spray of biodegradation unit is got off drops down onto in the following pond via carrier and grid, and the water in this pond can be recycled, and changes when muddiness.Stink substance is down to zero dimension 1300 by the biodegradation unit odor concentration by original zero dimension 20000, reaches national atmospheric emission standard and is discharged by venting port 10.
Example 2
Adopt horizontal centrifugal equipment and disk centrifugal equipment that the oil in the pressed liquor and water and solid substance are separated, make water content in oil less than 1%, impurity is lower than 0.5%, forms hair fish oil and refines; The water and the solid substance that have separated oil enter next procedure and concentrate.The above-mentioned water heating that contains 11% solid substance is concentrated, and the control temperature vacuumizes vacuum tightness at 100 ℃ :-0.075Mpa, carry out Multi-effect concentration, and when reaching 45%, the concentrated solution solid content stops to concentrate.Above-mentioned concentrated solution is sprayed onto together oven dry on the press cake.
Above-mentioned boiling, oven dry, concentrated and be equipped with fish meal grain catcher and exhaust gas collector except amine equipment, this fish meal grain catcher is separated recovery with the solid granule in the waste vapour first, link to each other with condenser through exhaust gas collector from trap gas out, be condensed into water of condensation through about 80% exhaust steam behind the condenser, remaining about 15% is non-condensable gas.30 ℃ of the waste vapour condensate temperatures that is condensed, COD is at 3000mg/l.This water of condensation is sent into waste water disposal facility carry out the biological degradation processing.Water of condensation enters equalizing tank and carries out oil removal and Air Exposure, and a small amount of fat that may sneak among the water of condensation is got rid of, and the condensate temperature that will process is adjusted to 37 ℃, pH value about 7.Sewage after regulating is carried to anaerobic pond with pump, and this airtight anaerobic pond is provided with the water pipe that advances continuously above-mentioned sewage and the upflow tube that leads to Aerobic Pond.Be added with anaerobic species in this anaerobic pond, it is the used active sludge of processing sanitary sewage of buying from the municipal sewage plant, cultivates the active sludge flora that obtains through domestication.This active sludge flora domestication and culture method is: get the municipal sewage plant and process the used active sludge of sanitary sewage, add above-mentioned sewage, a week is motionless, carry out natural selection, the flora existence of this condition of being fit to, the flora that is not suitable for this condition is dead, and this process COD value reduces very little.One week is rear with the water in the above-mentioned sewage short run displacement anaerobic pond, and detects the COD value of water inlet and water outlet, compares its result's difference, understands the domestication situation.When water outlet COD value is down to 1000mg/l, be fit to the instruction end of dominant microflora of degraded fish meal wastewater, can carry out disaggregating treatment to organic matter in the sewage.Active mud content is with the control of anaerobic pond drainage water COD value in this anaerobic pond, and namely the COD value need increase the good active sludge quantity of domestication when being higher than this value between 800-1000mg/l.Above-mentioned active sludge flora is down to the COD of above-mentioned water of condensation about 1000mg/l.The sewage that has decomposed in anaerobic pond enters in the Aerobic Pond by the water inlet pipe that links to each other with the anaerobic pond overflow pipe, carries out aerobic aeration and processes.Be added with aerobic bacterial classification in this Aerobic Pond, this active sludge flora domestication and culture method is basic identical with the acclimation method of anaerobic pond flora, that is: process the used active sludge of sanitary sewage from municipal sewage plant's purchase, add above-mentioned sewage, all left and right sides time is not advanced sewage, but needs continuous aeration, carry out natural selection, the flora existence of this condition of being fit to, the flora that is not suitable for this condition is dead, and this process COD value reduces very little.Use the water in the sewage short run displacement Aerobic Pond in the anaerobic pond after one week, and detect the COD value of water inlet and water outlet, compare its result's difference, understand the domestication situation.When water outlet COD value is down to 200mg/l, be fit to the instruction end of dominant microflora of degraded fish meal wastewater, can carry out disaggregating treatment to organic matter in the sewage.Active mud content need increase the good active sludge quantity of domestication with the control of Aerobic Pond drainage water COD value in this Aerobic Pond when being higher than this value.35 ℃ of this Aerobic Pond water temperatures, pH value 7-8,50 cubic metres of/cubic metre water of 24 hours aeration rates.Organic matter in the water is carried out disaggregating treatment, make COD be down to 200mg/l.Enter again second pond through the Aerobic Pond treated water, with microbial bacterial mud and the clear water precipitate and separate handled well, filter again water quality is further optimized, can reach in the 100mg/l through the COD of sewage of above-mentioned processing, realize qualified discharge.
Look in the section simplified schematic diagram non-condensable gas treatment unit master of the present invention shown in Figure 1; blower fan 1 allows non-condensable gas that condenser condenses do not get off by the carrier 3 on the grid 2, and this carrier is the corrosion-resistant porous hard materials such as the porous ceramic grain of water flowing, ventilation or volcanics grain.The carrier top is provided with automatic water sprinkling system 4, the gas washing water that sprays drops down onto in the following pond 5 via carrier and grid, water in this pond can recycle by pump 6,10 cubes m/hs of flows more renew water when its water temperature is higher than when 38 ℃ or COD value are higher than 300mg/l, and the water that the COD value is higher than 300mg/l can be used for the biological degradation spray.
Not condensing behind the gas washing is introduced the multi-stage biological decomposition apparatus.Also there is a grid 7 each unit of the biodegradation unit of this series connection, which is provided with and the carriers 8 such as top identical haydite or volcanics grain, and stink substance can adsorb by suppressed by vector when non-condensable gas passed through carrier layer; Carrier top is provided with automatic spraying device 9, and this device at first will be with the liquid spraying of active sludge to above-mentioned carrier, and then 3 hours intermittent types are controlled the biological degradation temperature at 30 ℃ to the sewage of carrier spray COD value at 300mg/l, and pH value is about 7.Active sludge on the carrier makes it to become odorless gas with the non-condensable gas degraded of absorption.The water that each unit spray of biodegradation unit is got off drops down onto in the following pond via carrier and grid, and the water in this pond can be recycled, and changes when muddiness.Stink substance is down to zero dimension 1000 by the biodegradation unit odor concentration by original zero dimension 20000, reaches national atmospheric emission standard and is discharged by venting port 10.

Claims (1)

1. a fish meal is processed the waste vapour treatment process that produces, and it is characterized in that:
(1), condensation: boiling, oven dry, concentrated reaching except the fish meal grain catcher of amine equipment are separated recovery with the solid granule in the waste vapour first, link to each other with condenser through the waste vapour collector from trap gas out;
(2), water of condensation processes: water of condensation is sent into waste water disposal facility carries out biological degradation and process,
(a), water of condensation enters equalizing tank and carries out oil removal and Air Exposure, and a small amount of fat that may sneak among the water of condensation is got rid of, and the condensate temperature that will process is adjusted to and is not higher than 40 ℃, pH value 7;
(b), the sewage after will regulating carries to anaerobic pond with pump, adds anaerobic species in this anaerobic pond, it is to process the used active sludge flora of sanitary sewage through the municipal sewage plant of domestication;
(c), the decomposed sewage of anaerobic pond enters Aerobic Pond, carrying out aerobic aeration processes, and in Aerobic Pond, be added with aerobic bacterial classification, it is to process the used active sludge flora of sanitary sewage through the municipal sewage plant of domestication, 15-35 ℃ of this Aerobic Pond water temperature, pH value 7-8,36-60 cubic metres of/cubic metre water of 24 hours aeration rates;
(d), enter again second pond and filtering basin through the Aerobic Pond treated water;
(3), condensing is not processed
(a), gas washing: will be condensing by the carrier on the grid, the carrier top is provided with the automatic water sprinkling system, and condensing is not carried out gas washing, makes gas temperature not be higher than 38 ℃, moisture-saturated;
(b), biological degradation: the not condensing behind gas washing enters the multi-stage biological decomposition apparatus, also there is a grid each unit of biodegradation unit of series connection, which is provided with and top identical carrier, the carrier top is provided with automatic spraying device, this device at first will be with the liquid spraying of active sludge to above-mentioned carrier, then 2-3 hour intermittent type is to the sewage of carrier spray COD value at 200-300mg/l, and control biological degradation temperature is at 30 ℃, and the pH value is 7.
CN2011103116472A 2011-10-14 2011-10-14 Method for treating waste liquid and waste gas produced by fish meal processing Expired - Fee Related CN102381797B (en)

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CN102895794B (en) * 2012-09-27 2015-03-11 中海海洋无锡海洋工程装备有限公司 Device for treating fish meal odor
CN104824720A (en) * 2015-05-29 2015-08-12 东莞市林氏生物技术股份有限公司 Semi-skimmed fish meal high in calcium and phosphorus content and preparing method thereof
CN104824348A (en) * 2015-05-29 2015-08-12 东莞市林氏生物技术股份有限公司 High protein full-skimmed fish meal and production method thereof
CN106492611A (en) * 2016-11-23 2017-03-15 威海丰泰新材料科技股份有限公司 A kind of fish meal factory condensation waste gas and the pollution-freeization processing method of condensation waste water
CN107088354A (en) * 2017-06-26 2017-08-25 深圳市友健科技有限公司 Biophotolysis purifier

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