CN102377375B - Starting device used in motor - Google Patents
Starting device used in motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102377375B CN102377375B CN201110191215.2A CN201110191215A CN102377375B CN 102377375 B CN102377375 B CN 102377375B CN 201110191215 A CN201110191215 A CN 201110191215A CN 102377375 B CN102377375 B CN 102377375B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/42—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual single-phase induction motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
- H02K17/02—Asynchronous induction motors
- H02K17/04—Asynchronous induction motors for single phase current
- H02K17/08—Motors with auxiliary phase obtained by externally fed auxiliary windings, e.g. capacitor motors
Abstract
The invention provides a starting device used in a motor. The motor is driven by a power provided by a power supply and comprises a main winding and an auxiliary winding, the starting device comprises a relay possessing an electrically-pivoted armature, by using a magnetic field generated by a current in a coil, the electrically-pivoted armature moves a starting switch to start or turn-off the auxiliary winding. In order to adjust a lag between a starting current and a de-excitation current, the starting device also comprises an auxiliary coil connected between the power supply and the auxiliary winding, so that a current is only existed in the auxiliary coil only when the starting switch is located in a closed state, wherein, the an auxiliary magnetic field generated by the current in the auxiliary coil is acted on the electrically-pivoted armature. The invention also provides a method for starting the motor and a compressor used in a refrigerating system and comprising the motor and the starting device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the starting drive for motor, this motor is by the driven by power from power supply and comprise main winding and auxiliary winding.This device comprise switch (as, starting switch), anchor and main coil, the main field that wherein electric current in main coil produces can move to forward facing position by anchor from position of rest with respect to switch, thereby anchor moves to closure state by starting switch from off-state.Main coil is connected between power supply and main winding, and starting switch is connected between power supply and auxiliary winding.This makes only in the closure state of starting switch is being assisted winding, to have electric current.
The invention still further relates to the motor with starting drive, and relate to the refrigerating system of the starting drive that comprises motor and mentioned kind.
Background technology
The motor of mentioned kind is present in a large amount of deformable bodys, comprises that single-phase motor, split phase motor, across-the-line motor, capacitor start formula, capacitor startup/operating type and/or capacitor operating type motor etc.
For the typical starting drive bag mechanical relay of above-mentioned motor, it is switching auxiliary winding and the auxiliary winding of stopping using after motor start-up between the starting period.As mentioned above, this starting drive is conventionally based on magnetic attraction.
In the motor of knowing, relay function is set to enable or stop to based on some service conditions the electric current of (normally so-called " startup winding ") in described winding.In this article, will use word " auxiliary winding ", rather than " startup winding ", because this winding may not only be used sometimes between the starting period of motor.
Conventionally, relay connects auxiliary winding between the starting period, and after motor start-up, relay is stopped using and started winding.Conventionally, described electric current of stopping using based in main winding.Once motor starts, because inductance in main winding increases, so the electric current in main winding reduces, and this electric current of the relay of knowing based in main winding reduces and stop using and start winding.US 6,356, and 047 has disclosed such relay.
Existing relay must be based on being opened the electric current (hereinafter, this electric current will be called starting current) that constantly obtains and enabling startup winding at power supply by main winding.
Relay is usually designed to has ampere-turn amount (ampere winding number), and this makes it be applicable to specific motor.Therefore, enabling electric current is enough to mobile armature armature, therefore for enabling startup winding.Once be activated,, before magnetic field becomes and is not enough to maintain the forward facing position of anchor and is therefore not enough to maintain the make position of starting switch, electric current can drop to lower than the level of enabling a certain distance of electric current.Therefore, trigger to start winding stop using go the level of encouraging (drop-out) electric current lower than enabling electric current.
In this article, the difference between starting current and drop-out current will be called hysteresis or the magnetic hysteresis of this device.
As the result of this hysteresis, avoided starting the enabling and stop using with undesirable of repetition of winding, and this device is considered to become " stablizing ".Even if this is advantage, but very large hysteresis causes the cycle of activity of unnecessary length, therefore produces unnecessary power consumption and starts winding.Because this has increased the power consumption between the starting period, and increased heating, due to many reasons, this is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
That embodiment of the present invention is intended to overcome is relevant to motor start-up, particularly power consumption and the relevant above-mentioned and other problem of efficiency of motor thus.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of starting drive, it is characterized in that it also comprises ancillary coil, ancillary coil is connected between power supply and auxiliary winding, so that only just there is electric current in ancillary coil at starting switch during in closure state, the auxiliary magnetic field that wherein electric current in ancillary coil produces acts on anchor.
By adopting the combination between main coil and ancillary coil, magnetic force is the result of the ampere-turn relevant to merging electric current in main winding and auxiliary winding.
According to the present invention, act on auxiliary magnetic field on anchor and can be used for control lag effectively be used to provide thus and a kind ofly there is the low auxiliary winding device of enabling time, and be used in the situation that not the repetition of auxiliary winding, undesirablely enable and inactively realize a kind of stable device.With reference to Fig. 8 and 9, described in further detail by the technique effect of the use realization of the combination between main winding current and the ampere-turn of auxiliary winding current.
If wish to lag behind, increase, according to auxiliary magnetic field of the present invention, can be suitable for working together with main field, and therefore reduce the electric current of stopping using, and guarantee more stable device.
On the other hand, if wish to lag behind, reduce, according to auxiliary magnetic field of the present invention, can be suitable for resisting main field and carry out work, and increase the electric current of stopping using thus, and guarantee the auxiliary winding of stopping using quickly.
Main coil and ancillary coil can have the identical or different number of turn, and they can be wound around with identical or contrary direction.
Main winding and auxiliary winding can form by the running winding of traditional kind of knowing such as asynchronous motor etc. and start winding.Except above-mentioned main coil and starting switch, the circuit that these windings and power supply are linked together can comprise any other element that is applicable to particular comparator, as capacitor, PTC, Ohmic resistance etc.
Starting switch can form contact electric bridge, and it can comprise well known in the art as for determining switch forms, reduce wearing and tearing, avoid any feature of electric spark etc.
Anchor can have any shape, and can be made by the magnetic permeable material of any kind.Especially, anchor can form ellipsoid, and it is divided into two elements that jointly extend each other along ellipsoid direction.The first and second anchor elements can be made by identical material, or they can be made from a variety of materials.They can have identical quality, or they can have different quality.They can be of similar shape, or they can have different shapes.
Main coil can have any amount of winding that can be applicable to special motors.Typically, main winding should have a large amount of windings, makes ampere-turn be applicable to the first element with electric current mobile armature armature initial obtained when opening power and motor also do not rotate.
Ancillary coil can have any amount of winding that is applicable to this object, as equals the quantity of the quantity of main coil, be greater than main coil quantity quantity or be less than the quantity of the quantity of main coil.
Advantageously, by reducing the magnetic attraction of main field, reduce hysteresis.For this purpose, main coil can at least comprise the total number of turns with this main coil first the first coil portion and there is second coil portion of second portion of the total number of turns of this main coil.As an example, first can have the described number of turn 10% to 60% between, second portion can have the remaining number of turn.
When the motor stopping is activated, bypass can be interrupted, and makes all numbers of turn, and total number of turns all works or be movable, and makes by the electric current being obtained by main winding, to provide relatively a large amount of ampere-turns when motor is opened.Electric current in main winding becomes while being greater than starting current, and starting switch cuts out, and now, may also wish to make the second coil portion bypass, reduces thus main field strength and realizes stopping using of auxiliary winding with lower drop-out current.
For this purpose, this starting drive can also comprise bypass circuit, and this bypass circuit is suitable between power supply and main winding, making the second coil portion bypass by the first coil portion is connected to.Bypass circuit can be interrupted by by-pass switch, and by this interruption, the second coil portion is no longer bypassed, and can be according to the current practice by-pass switch in main winding.In one embodiment, therefore by the anchor operation by-pass switch of operation start switch.
Bypass circuit can comprise at least one diode, preferred two diodes, and they point to and as are configured as shown in Figure 5 along different directions.Diode prevents along the electric current of a direction, therefore extinguishes or prevents the electric spark on starting switch terminals or by-pass switch terminals, and therefore increasing potentially the life-span of this starting drive.
In second aspect, the invention provides a kind of by using the method for starting drive actuating motor as above, this motor is by the driven by power from power supply and comprise main winding and auxiliary winding, and the method comprises that the first element adopting as yoke increases the magnetic field intensity of the electric current generation in coil and adopts the magnetic field of strength increase towards forward facing position, to move the step of the second element.
In another embodiment, the invention provides a kind of starting drive, wherein anchor is included in the first and second anchor elements that can move independently under the impact in magnetic field.
Because anchor is divided into two elements, therefore to compare with the quality of the element merging, each element has less quality.At first, when opening power, the electric current being obtained by main winding reaches startup (pick-up) level fast, and one in wherein said two elements is moved toward forward facing position.This relatively quickly occurs, because anchor is divided into the element with the quality lower than whole anchor, suitable " single-piece " anchor is by the starting current of having relatively high expectations.Therefore, when power supply opening, can be because the electric current being obtained by motor reduces magnetic intensity.
When the first element moves, the yoke of the magnetic force that this element work produces as the electric current increasing in coil.Therefore, compare with the relay with the anchor similarly forming with single-piece form, can also the second element be pulled to forward facing position with lower ampere-turn level.
When two elements are all pulled to forward facing position by magnetic field, these elements can be promoted or be pushed toward each other, thereby they become and link together owing to acting on magnetic field on element.Therefore, in this case, described element forms single-piece anchor element, and this element has the consistent quality of merged-quality of the element independent with two.Therefore, magnetic field no longer enough by force with the drop-out current that anchor maintained to forward facing position with identical from the drop-out current having known to the relay of the identical anchor of making single-piece.As starting current, less and drop-out current equals the result of suitable single-piece anchor, lags behind, and the difference between starting current and drop-out current becomes less.Therefore, according to device of the present invention, can provide the advantage that disconnects auxiliary winding with lower drop-out current, and disconnection faster that can be by this winding (comprise can with the disconnection of the optional resistors of auxiliary winding serial insertion, PTC etc.) and energy-conservation.
Main winding and auxiliary winding can form the operation winding of the traditional kind as known by asynchronous motor etc. and start winding.Except above-mentioned main coil and starting switch, the circuit that these windings and power supply are linked together can comprise any other element that is applicable to particular comparator, as capacitor, PTC, Ohmic resistance etc.
This switch can form contact electric bridge, and it can comprise well known in the art as for stablize handoff functionality, reduce to wear and tear, avoid any feature of electric spark etc.
Anchor can have any shape, and can be made by the magnetic permeable material of any kind.Especially, anchor can form ellipsoid, and it is divided into two elements that jointly extend each other along ellipsoid direction.
Main coil can have any amount of winding that can be applicable to special motors.Typically, main winding should have a large amount of windings, the first element of initial obtained electric current mobile armature armature while making thus ampere-turn be applicable to also not rotating with opening power and motor.
The first and second anchor elements can be made by identical material, or they can be made from a variety of materials.They can have identical quality, or they can have different quality.They can be of similar shape, or they can have different shapes.
In one embodiment, starting drive comprises oval guiding piece, and the first and second anchors can move along this guiding piece.Oval guiding piece can have front end, its can be for example any other well-known way by welding or retaining element be fixed to this switch, or even it can form a part for this switch.In relative rear end, guiding piece can form the end that stops that limiting position of rest.Stop holding may simply be to there is the head that cross-sectional area is larger than the residue axial region of this guiding piece.
In one embodiment, anchor element is for form porose ring in centre, and they are around the axial region layout of guiding piece, and guiding piece extends through described hole.In this embodiment, stopping end can be only the enlarged end of guiding piece, has and stops it to enter the size through the described hole in annular armature armature element.
This starting drive also comprises spring element, is arranged between switch and anchor, to push anchor, leaves switch.By this way, can stop providing elastic force between end and switch, make anchor via spring, along identical direction, push switch when forward facing position moves.Spring element can be for being applicable to the spring of any kind of the specific implementations of this device, as helix ring type Compress Spring, disc spring.
In one embodiment, spring element is convenient to the first anchor element free movement, to move towards switch.This execution mode for example can comprise the coil spring with internal diameter, forms inner tube, and its size allows the first element freely to move up and down in spring element.On the other hand, described internal diameter can be enough little of to prevent that the second element from entering inner tube.That is, the first and second elements are of different sizes in the plane perpendicular to guiding piece.
The first element can magnetically be isolated with the second element.This feature can by use arrange in order to by the first and second anchor elements each other magnetically the isolated component of nonmagnetic substance of isolation realize.Isolated component can be for example nonmagnetic substance, as the shallow bid of plastics (as special teflon).The purposes of isolated component is to avoid the first and second elements adhering to each other.
In one embodiment, the first and second anchor elements are adjacent to arrange along the direction from position of rest to forward facing position.In this embodiment, the first element for example can be set to than the more close forward facing position of the second anchor element.Therefore, compare with the second element, the lower quality of the first element can so that the first element under lower magnetic force, towards forward facing position, move.
Due to as mentioned above, according to the present invention, reduced hysteresis, owing to being divided into the anchor of two elements, starting ampere-turn and the difference of going to encourage between ampere-turn can become less, too large if therefore supply voltage departs from, may go wrong.If starting drive is designed to adopt 254 volts of overvoltage power operation motor, and voltage drop is to lower voltage, and as 198 volts, the hysteresis reducing can cause device to have the starting current that equals or approach very much drop-out current.When motor accelerates, this will cause the unsettled starting sequence with repetition period effect, and possibly, motor can not start.
For fear of this situation, and for control hysteresis better, according to device of the present invention, can also comprise ancillary coil, ancillary coil is connected between power supply and auxiliary winding, so that only just there is electric current in ancillary coil at starting switch during in closure state, the auxiliary magnetic field that wherein electric current in ancillary coil produces acts on anchor.
By adopting main coil and the ancillary coil of starting drive, magnetic force is the result of the ampere-turn relevant to merging electric current in main winding and auxiliary winding.
According to this execution mode of the present invention, act on auxiliary magnetic field on anchor and can be used for control lag effectively, thereby be used to provide the device of the enabling time with low auxiliary winding, and be used for guaranteeing not having undesired auxiliary winding enable and stop using stable device.With reference to figure 7 and 8, described in further detail by the technique effect of the use realization of the combination between main winding current and auxiliary winding current.
If the hysteresis that expectation increases, can be suitable for working according to auxiliary magnetic field of the present invention, and therefore reduce the electric current of stopping using together with main field, and guarantee more stable device.
On the other hand, if the hysteresis wish reducing can be suitable for resisting main field according to auxiliary magnetic field of the present invention and carry out work, and increase the electric current of stopping using thus, and guarantee the stopping using faster of auxiliary winding of power saving.
Main coil and ancillary coil can have the identical or different number of turn, and they can be wound around with identical or contrary direction.Owing to first realizing the electric current of merging when switch is closed, so this switch must be with lower electric current (being the electric current in main winding) closure.Except this electric current, ancillary coil is also to keeping the magnetic field of anchor to add extra contribution.In order not provide too strong switch to fix, conventionally wish that ancillary coil has the number of turn lower than main coil, the magnitude as 1/5 or even 1/10 in closure state.
In one aspect of the method, the invention provides a kind of by using the method for above-mentioned starting drive actuating motor, this motor is by the driven by power from power supply and comprise main winding and auxiliary winding, and the method comprises that the first element adopting as yoke increases the magnetic field intensity of the electric current generation in coil and adopts the magnetic field of strength increase towards forward facing position, to move the step of the second element.
In one aspect of the method, the invention provides a kind of compressor for refrigerating circuit, this compressor comprises motor as above and starting drive.
In the third aspect, the invention provides a kind of compressor for refrigerating circuit, this compressor comprises motor as above and starting drive.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Hereinafter, with reference to embodiments of the present invention and accompanying drawing, further details of the present invention is described, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 with schematic illustration existing motor and device;
Fig. 2 with schematic illustration according to motor of the present invention and device;
Fig. 3 with schematic illustration replaceable configuration according to motor of the present invention and device;
Fig. 4 with schematic illustration according to motor of the present invention and device, comprise for making the bypass circuit of the second portion bypass of main coil;
Fig. 5,5a, 5b with schematic illustration motor and the device of Fig. 3, comprise the diode for the protection of the terminals of switch;
Fig. 5 c and 5d illustrate the execution mode that there is no Fig. 5 of diode a and 5b;
Fig. 6 and 7 illustrates and adopts according to motor of the present invention with not according to the test result of the comparison motor of device of the present invention; With
Fig. 8 and 9 illustrates the technique effect that the combination by using between main winding and the ampere-turn of auxiliary winding current realizes.
Figure 10 illustrates a part of schematic diagram according to device of the present invention;
Figure 11 and 12 illustrates according to two of two parts anchor of the present invention kinds of different execution modes;
Figure 13 illustrates the execution mode that comprises ancillary coil of the present invention;
Figure 14 and 15 illustrates and adopts according to motor of the present invention with not according to the test result of the comparison motor of device of the present invention; And
Figure 16 and 17 illustrates by the technique effect of the use realization of the combination between main winding and the ampere-turn of auxiliary winding current.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates the motor of knowing in prior art.This motor is by carrying out interchange (AC) current drives of free terminals 1,2 illustrated power supplys.This motor comprises main winding 3 and auxiliary winding 4.Starting switch 5 is controlled the electric current from power supply to auxiliary winding 4, and PTC 6 provides phase shift between the phase place of main winding 3 and the phase place of auxiliary winding 4.
The electric current that anchor 7 and main coil 8 electric current with main winding 3 based in main coil equates is controlled the motion of starting switch 5 by producing main field.
Fig. 2 illustrates according to motor of the present invention and device.In this article, this device also comprises ancillary coil 10, and it is connected between power supply and auxiliary winding, so that only there is electric current in ancillary coil 10 at starting switch 5 during in closure state.The magnetic field that electric current in ancillary coil 10 produces acts on anchor to support the mode of main coil 8, or by by providing along acting on anchor on main coil with the reciprocal magneticaction of the magnetic picture being produced by main coil 8.
In Fig. 2 a, illustrate ancillary coil 10, wherein main coil and ancillary coil are wound around along identical direction.
Fig. 2 b illustrates the interchangeable ancillary coil 11 being wound around in opposite direction.
Fig. 3 illustrates and is connected with the replaceable of essentially identical motor shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 illustrates an embodiment of the invention, wherein main coil comprise the total number of turns with main coil first the first coil portion 12 and there is second coil portion 13 of second portion of the total number of turns of main coil.
Insert bypass circuit 14, for making the second coil portion 13 bypasses (bypass) between power supply and main winding 3 by the first coil portion 12 is connected to.
Fig. 4 also shows by-pass switch 15, and it can interruption bypass circuit 14, and the second coil portion is no longer bypassed.Illustrated by-pass switch is operated by the identical anchor of going back operation start switch 5.Thus according to the current practice by-pass switch in main winding.
Fig. 5 illustrates an execution mode corresponding to illustrated execution mode in Fig. 4 of the present invention, but has at least one diode 16,17 for the protection of the terminals of switch.
Fig. 5 a and 5b illustrate the device that is similar to Fig. 4 or 5, but wherein Figure 4 and 5 illustrate two switches 5,15, and in Fig. 5 a and 5b, illustrated each execution mode only has a switch 5.
In Fig. 5 a, for the power supply of ancillary coil 10, by main coil 8, and therefore magnetic field intensity depends on the combination between following magnetic field:
During the merging electric current of main coil 8 conduction main windings 3 and auxiliary winding 4, be derived from the magnetic field of this main coil 8; With
Fig. 5 b shows the replaceable form of the device shown in Fig. 5 a.In this device, the electric current in ancillary coil 10 is not by main coil 8.This illustrates to path ancillary coil 10 by directly cross main coil 8 from power supply.Therefore, by the combination in following magnetic field, derive magnetic field intensity:
The magnetic field of the main coil 8 while being derived from the electric current in conduction main winding 3;
The magnetic field of the ancillary coil 10 while being derived from the electric current in the auxiliary winding 4 of conduction.
When ancillary coil 10 is activated, can wish to make a part of decoupling of main coil 8, make ancillary coil take at least a portion of the work of previously being carried out by main coil 8.By this way, the part that can guarantee magnetic field intensity is from the auxiliary current passing through in ancillary coil 10.
The diode inserting in Fig. 5 a and 5b can omit, as shown in Figure 5 c.Fig. 5 d, corresponding to Fig. 5 c, revises part and is, by entry position, directly from power supply, to ancillary coil, powers, consistent when this is closed with Fig. 5 c switch 5 in electricity.Until switch 5 closures, the magnetic behavior of main coil just changes.
Fig. 6 shows the thermometrically result of the compression motor that adopts refrigerating system.Along the X-axis diagram duration, hour, the power consumption that be watt along Y-axis diagram unit.
System is moved about half a day, measures and comprises a plurality of similar circulations.While opening compressor, within the very short time cycle, experience is up to 600W or higher peak value at every turn.In the time cycle subsequently, in normal operation period power consumption, relax, be about 40W.In the last time cycle, compressor is disconnected and consumed power not.
Fig. 7 illustrates and adopts identical with Fig. 6 but be provided with according to the test of the contrast of the compressor assembly of starting drive of the present invention.Be clear that, how the large peak value in traditional compressor is reduced to very little peak value or there is no peak value at all.
Fig. 8 shows measurement result, shows the electric current in main winding between starting period of the motor in compressor.Along the rotation per minute of X-axis diagram rotor, RPM, take along Y-axis diagram the electric current that ampere is unit.
The higher curve that is labeled as A illustrates the PTC that is connected with auxiliary winding serial in low-resistance pattern-, electric current during about 25Ohm, and the lower curve that is labeled as B illustrates PTC in high resistant pattern-, electric current during about 100kOhm.For curve A and B the two, on PTC, insert in parallel 2 * 10
-6the capacitor of farad.
Article two, curve reacted motor startup stage in the problem relevant to high power consumption.When motor start-up, PTC is cold, therefore at the several seconds built-in motor starting, according to higher curve A, moves.
Curve A demonstration, after motor just starts,, when low RPM, the ratio between curent change and RPM change is little.
Lagging behind highly so that in the traditional relay that relay is stable, relay can not disconnect auxiliary phase conventionally before heating of PTC and resistance uprise.Now, the electric current in main winding skips to lower curve B from curve A, and large current reduction makes the relay of knowing react and disconnect auxiliary winding.
Unfortunately, before PTC heating, this produces power consumption in auxiliary winding, and this increases necessary many power consumptions and heating when only considering that use provides the auxiliary winding of starting torque.
Fig. 9 assists the electric current in winding during showing the motor start-up in compressor.Along the rotation per minute of X-axis diagram rotor, RPM, take along Y-axis diagram the electric current that ampere is unit.
Now in the figure, the higher curve that is labeled as A illustrates the PTC that is connected with auxiliary winding serial in high resistant pattern-, electric current during about 100kOhm, and the lower curve that is labeled as B illustrates PTC in low-resistance pattern-, electric current during about 25Ohm.Left hurdle Y-axis belongs to the curve that is labeled as B, and right hurdle Y-axis belongs to the curve that is labeled as A.
About curve A and B the two, on PTC, insert in parallel the capacitor of 2 * 10-6 farad.This electric current to curve A is particularly influential.
As shown in the figure, before PTC heating, the ratio between curent change and RPM change greatly-in other words, this is to contrast contrary situation with the electric current in main winding.
Due to the curent change in former seconds after starting in assisting winding than a lot of soon at main winding, can see, not only can pass through according to the use of the auxiliary winding of the Current Control in main winding and acquisition advantage, and by using the disconnection of the auxiliary winding of Current Control in auxiliary winding and obtaining larger benefit by the present invention.By this way, can in the situation that not making system slack-off, adapt to larger hysteresis, and therefore can not cause the unsettled situation of system to save power.
Hereinafter, with reference to an embodiment of the invention and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, in the accompanying drawings, Figure 10 illustrates the schematic diagram of a part for this device.
Described motor is by the driven by power from power supply, and this power supply has phase place connector 21 and zero-bit connector (zero connector) 22.Motor comprises the main winding (not shown) and the auxiliary winding (not shown) being connected via connector 24 connecting via connector 23.
This device comprises the switch 25 via anchor 26 operations.Under the impact in the magnetic field that anchor 26 can provide in main coil 27, between position of rest and forward facing position, move up and down.Switch in Figure 10 is illustrated as in the close position, with fine dotted line, illustrates its position in off-state.
Figure 11 shows anchor 26 in the mode of zoomed-in view.Anchor is included in the first and second anchor elements 29,30 that can move independently under the impact in magnetic field.
Anchor comprises oval guiding piece, and the first and second anchor elements can move along this ellipse guiding piece.Oval guiding piece has and is fixed to the front end that switches bridger 32, switch two of bridger 32 connecting valves switch electrodes (referring to Figure 10) 33,34 and therefore form the part of switch.In its contrary rear end, this guiding piece forms and stops holding 35, and it limits the position of rest of the first and second anchor elements, stops holding 35 preventions to exceed moving outside ad-hoc location along backward direction.
The first element 9 is isolated by isolated component 17 and the second element 10 magnetic, and isolated component 17 is made by nonmagnetic substance (as special teflon or similar plastic material).Isolated component 17 is the magnetic isolation each other of the first anchor element and the second anchor element, thereby prevents that described element is adhering to each other.Therefore, described element will be easily independent mobile.
As schemed, show, first and anchor element 29,30 be of different sizes, this also provides different quality, therefore by using magnetic field, to the motion of element, provides different resistances.Especially, wish that the element of close coil has minimum quality.This impact that makes this specific hithermost element be subject to gravity is less.Due to its most close coil and therefore stand the magnetic attraction stronger than other element also, this most close and the lightest element become and more easily by weak magnetic attraction, moved.Once this element moves to the position of coil inside, magnetic intensity increases, so other element can be attracted by the magnetic attraction of combining the increase of generation by coil and other element now.
Figure 12 illustrates the replaceable execution mode of anchor 26.Anchor comprise with Figure 11 in the essentially identical parts of anchor, and identical numeral number for described parts.Compare with the anchor in Figure 11, anchor in Figure 12 orientation is different, and minimum in described element and therefore the lightest element the most close bridger 32 and the most close coil now.Switch in Figure 12 is illustrated as in open position, and with fine dotted line, illustrates the position in closure state of this switch.
Figure 13 illustrates according to motor of the present invention and device.In this article, this device also comprises ancillary coil 30, and it is connected between power supply and auxiliary winding 24, so that only just there is electric current in ancillary coil 30 at switch 25 during in closure state.The magnetic field that electric current in ancillary coil 30 produces acts on anchor to support the mode of main coil 27, or provides magneticaction to act on anchor at main coil in the other direction by edge and the magnetic picture that main coil 27 produces.
Figure 14 shows the thermometrically result of the compression motor that adopts refrigerating system.Hour along the X-axis diagram duration,, along Y-axis diagram, take the power consumption that watt is unit.
System is moved about half a day, measures and comprises a plurality of similar circulations.While opening compressor, within the very short time cycle, experience is up to 600W or higher peak value at every turn.In the time cycle subsequently, in normal operation period power consumption, relax, be about 40W.In the last time cycle, compressor is disconnected and consumed power not.
Figure 15 illustrates and adopts identical but be provided with according to the measurement result of the contrast test of the compressor assembly of starting drive of the present invention.Be clear that, how the large peak value in traditional compressor is reduced to very little peak value or there is no peak value at all.
Figure 16 shows measurement result, shows the electric current in main winding during the motor start-up in compressor.Along X-axis, represent the rotation that rotor is per minute, RPM, take ampere as unit representation electric current along Y-axis.
The higher curve that is labeled as A illustrates the PTC that is connected with auxiliary winding serial in low-resistance pattern-, electric current during about 25Ohm, and the lower curve that is labeled as B illustrates PTC in high resistant pattern-, electric current during about 100kOhm.For curve A and B the two, on PTC, insert in parallel 2 * 10
-6the capacitor of farad.
Article two, figure line illustrate to motor startup stage in the relevant problem of high power consumption.When motor start-up, PTC is cold, and therefore motor turns round along higher curve A, until PTC heating and resistance uprise.
Curve A demonstration, after motor just starts,, when low RPM, the ratio between curent change and RPM change is little.
High so that in the traditional relay that relay is stable in hysteresis, relay can not disconnect auxiliary phase conventionally before heating of PTC and the high resistant that becomes.Now, the electric current in main winding skips to lower curve B from curve A, and large current reduction makes the relay of knowing react and disconnect auxiliary winding.
Unfortunately, before PTC heating, this produces power consumption in auxiliary winding, and this increased when only considering to use the auxiliary winding that starting torque is provided must many power consumption and heatings.
Figure 17 shows the electric current in auxiliary winding between starting period of the motor in compressor.Along X-axis, represent the rotation that rotor is per minute, RPM, take ampere as unit representation electric current along Y-axis.
Now in the figure, the higher curve that is labeled as A illustrates the PTC that is connected with auxiliary winding serial in high resistant pattern-, electric current during about 100kOhm, and the lower curve that is labeled as B illustrates PTC in low-resistance pattern-, electric current during about 25Ohm.Left hurdle Y-axis belongs to the curve that is labeled as B, and right hurdle Y-axis belongs to the curve that is labeled as A.
For curve A and B the two, on PTC, insert in parallel the capacitor of 2 * 10-6 farad.This electric current to curve A is particularly influential.
As shown in the figure, before PTC heating, the ratio between curent change and RPM change greatly-in other words, this is to contrast contrary situation with the electric current in main winding.
Due to the curent change in the beginning several seconds after starting in auxiliary winding than a lot of soon at main winding, can see, not only can pass through according to the use of the auxiliary winding of the Current Control in main winding and acquisition advantage, and by using the disconnection of the auxiliary winding of Current Control in auxiliary winding and obtaining larger benefit by the present invention.By this way, can in the situation that not making system slack-off, adapt to larger hysteresis, and therefore can not make the unsettled situation of system save power.
Claims (15)
1. the starting drive for motor, this motor is by from power supply (1, 2) driven by power also comprises main winding (3) and auxiliary winding (4), this device comprises starting switch (5), anchor (7) and main coil (8), the main field that wherein electric current in main coil (8) produces can mobile armature armature (7), and starting switch (5) can be moved to forward facing position from position of rest thus, anchor (7) moves to closure state by starting switch (5) from off-state thus, wherein main coil (8) is connected between power supply (1) and main winding (3), and wherein starting switch (5) is connected between power supply (1) and auxiliary winding (4) so that only just there is electric current in auxiliary winding under the closure state of starting switch (5), it is characterized in that,
This device also comprises ancillary coil (10), ancillary coil (10) is connected between power supply (1) and auxiliary winding (4) so that only just there is electric current in ancillary coil (10) at starting switch (5) during in closure state, and the auxiliary magnetic field that wherein electric current in ancillary coil (10) produces acts on anchor (7).
2. starting drive according to claim 1, wherein auxiliary magnetic field works together with main field, so that anchor (7) is maintained to forward facing position.
3. starting drive according to claim 1, auxiliary magnetic field antagonism main field wherein, and resist thus anchor (7) maintaining in forward facing position.
4. according to starting drive in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein main coil (8) has than the many numbers of turn of ancillary coil (10).
5. according to the starting drive described in any one in claims 1 to 3, wherein main coil (8) and ancillary coil (10) are wound around along identical direction.
6. according to the starting drive described in any one in claims 1 to 3, wherein main coil (8) is wound around along the direction of the opposite direction with ancillary coil (10) winding.
7. according to the starting drive described in any one in claims 1 to 3, wherein main coil (8) at least comprise the total number of turns with main coil first the first coil portion (12) and there is second coil portion (13) of second portion of the total number of turns of main coil, this device also comprises bypass circuit (14), and bypass circuit is suitable between power supply (1) and main winding (3), making the second coil portion (13) bypass by the first coil portion (12) is connected to.
8. starting drive according to claim 7, comprise can interruption bypass circuit (14) by-pass switch (15), by this interruption, the second coil portion (13) is no longer bypassed.
9. starting drive according to claim 8, wherein according to the current practice by-pass switch (15) in main winding (3).
10. starting drive according to claim 9, wherein operates by-pass switch (15) by the anchor (7) of going back operation start switch (5).
11. starting drives according to claim 7, wherein bypass circuit (14) comprises at least one diode.
12. 1 kinds of single-phase motors, comprise according to the starting drive of any one in claim 1-11.
13. 1 kinds of compressors for refrigerating circuit, this compressor comprises the motor according to claim 12.
14. 1 kinds by using according to the method for the starting drive actuating motor described in any one in claim 1-6, this motor is by the driven by power from power supply and comprise main winding and auxiliary winding, and the method comprises and adopts main field enable the electric current in auxiliary winding and adopt auxiliary magnetic field to regulate the step of the hysteresis of this starting drive.
15. 1 kinds of starting drives for motor, this motor is by the driven by power from power supply and comprise main winding and auxiliary winding, this starting drive comprises switch (25), anchor (26) and main coil (27), the magnetic field that wherein electric current in main coil produces can be with respect to the switching electrode (23 in switch, 24) anchor is moved to forward facing position from position of rest, thereby anchor moves to closure state by switch from off-state, wherein main coil is connected between power supply and main winding, and wherein switch is connected between power supply and auxiliary winding, so that only just there is electric current in auxiliary winding under the closure state of switch, it is characterized in that,
This anchor is included in the first and second anchor elements (29,30) that can move independently under the impact in described magnetic field.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DKPA201000619 | 2010-07-12 | ||
| DKPA201000618 | 2010-07-12 | ||
| DKPA201000619 | 2010-07-12 | ||
| DKPA201000618 | 2010-07-12 | ||
| DKPA201000629 | 2010-07-14 | ||
| DKPA201000629 | 2010-07-14 |
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| CN102377375A CN102377375A (en) | 2012-03-14 |
| CN102377375B true CN102377375B (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110191215.2A Active CN102377375B (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2011-07-08 | Starting device used in motor |
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| Country | Link |
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| DE (1) | DE102011107010B4 (en) |
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| TWI619886B (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2018-04-01 | Matsushita Electric Taiwan Co Ltd | Compression |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1050643A (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1991-04-10 | 能源部华东电力设计院 | The A.C. contactor control device of load current self-maintaining |
| CN1172549A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1998-02-04 | 罗伯特-博希股份公司 | Circuitry for an engagement relay |
| US6356047B1 (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2002-03-12 | Electrica S.R.L. | Starting device for electric motors, which includes a PTC resistor and a relay in series |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1508195A1 (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2005-02-23 | Bristol Compressors Inc. | System and method for soft starting a three phase motor |
| DE102004062266A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-13 | Siemens Ag | Method and device for safe operation of a switching device |
| DE102006007266A1 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-23 | Danfoss Compressors Gmbh | Line starting electric motor`s starter for household appliance, has start winding connected in series with operating capacitor, and parallel connection of switching device and resistance connected in series with starting capacitor |
| CN102742145B (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2015-12-16 | 思科普有限责任公司 | AC monocyclic-start induction motor, for operation sheet phase induction motor equipment and there is the compressor of this motor or equipment |
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2011
- 2011-07-08 CN CN201110191215.2A patent/CN102377375B/en active Active
- 2011-07-09 DE DE102011107010.2A patent/DE102011107010B4/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1050643A (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1991-04-10 | 能源部华东电力设计院 | The A.C. contactor control device of load current self-maintaining |
| CN1172549A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1998-02-04 | 罗伯特-博希股份公司 | Circuitry for an engagement relay |
| US6356047B1 (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2002-03-12 | Electrica S.R.L. | Starting device for electric motors, which includes a PTC resistor and a relay in series |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102011107010A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
| DE102011107010B4 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
| CN102377375A (en) | 2012-03-14 |
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