CN102377375A - Starting device used in motor - Google Patents
Starting device used in motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102377375A CN102377375A CN2011101912152A CN201110191215A CN102377375A CN 102377375 A CN102377375 A CN 102377375A CN 2011101912152 A CN2011101912152 A CN 2011101912152A CN 201110191215 A CN201110191215 A CN 201110191215A CN 102377375 A CN102377375 A CN 102377375A
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- anchor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/42—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual single-phase induction motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
- H02K17/02—Asynchronous induction motors
- H02K17/04—Asynchronous induction motors for single phase current
- H02K17/08—Motors with auxiliary phase obtained by externally fed auxiliary windings, e.g. capacitor motors
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- Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a starting device used in a motor. The motor is driven by a power provided by a power supply and comprises a main winding and an auxiliary winding, the starting device comprises a relay possessing an electrically-pivoted armature, by using a magnetic field generated by a current in a coil, the electrically-pivoted armature moves a starting switch to start or turn-off the auxiliary winding. In order to adjust a lag between a starting current and a de-excitation current, the starting device also comprises an auxiliary coil connected between the power supply and the auxiliary winding, so that a current is only existed in the auxiliary coil only when the starting switch is located in a closed state, wherein, the an auxiliary magnetic field generated by the current in the auxiliary coil is acted on the electrically-pivoted armature. The invention also provides a method for starting the motor and a compressor used in a refrigerating system and comprising the motor and the starting device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used for the starting drive of motor, this motor is by from the driven by power of power supply and comprise main winding and auxiliary winding.This device comprise switch (as; Starting switch), anchor and main coil; The main field that is wherein produced by the electric current in the main coil can move to forward facing position with anchor from position of rest with respect to switch, thereby anchor moves to closure state with starting switch from off-state.Main coil is connected between power supply and the main winding, and starting switch is connected between power supply and the auxiliary winding.This makes only assisting in the winding at the closure state of starting switch and has electric current.
The invention still further relates to motor, and relate to the refrigerating system of the starting drive that comprises motor and mentioned kind with starting drive.
Background technology
The motor of mentioned kind is present in a large amount of deformable bodys, comprises that single-phase motor, split phase motor, across-the-line motor, capacitor start formula, capacitor startup/operating type and/or capacitor operating type motor etc.
The typical starting drive chartered plane tool relay that is used for above-mentioned motor, it is switching auxiliary winding and the auxiliary winding of behind motor start-up, stopping using between the starting period.As stated, this starting drive is usually based on magnetic attraction.
In the motor of knowing, relay function is set to launch or stop to based on some service conditions the electric current of (normally so-called " startup winding ") in the said winding.In this article, will use word " auxiliary winding ", rather than " startup winding ", because this winding possibly not only use between the starting period of motor sometimes.
Usually, relay connects auxiliary winding between the starting period, and after motor start-up, relay is stopped using and started winding.Usually, said stopping using based on the electric current in the main winding.In case motor starts, then because the inductance in the main winding increases, so the electric current in the main winding reduces, the relay of knowing reduces based on this electric current in the main winding and stops using and start winding.US 6,356, and 047 has disclosed such relay.
Existing relay must be based on being opened the electric current (hereinafter, this electric current will be called starting current) that constantly obtains and launching the startup winding at power supply by main winding.
Relay is usually designed to has the ampere-turn amount (ampere winding number), and this makes it be fit to specific motor.Therefore, launching electric current is enough to mobile armature armature, therefore is used to launch the startup winding.In case be activated, then magnetic field become the forward facing position that is not enough to keep anchor and therefore be not enough to keep the make position of starting switch before, electric current can drop to and be lower than the level of launching a certain distance of electric current.Therefore, the level of going to encourage (drop-out) electric current of stopping using that trigger to start winding is lower than launches electric current.
In this article, the difference between starting current and the drop-out current will be called the hysteresis or the magnetic hysteresis of this device.
As the result of this hysteresis, avoided starting the launching and stop using of repetition of winding, and this device is considered to become " stablizing " with undesirable.Even this is an advantage, but very large hysteresis causes the cycle of activity of unnecessary length, therefore produces unnecessary power consumption and starts winding.Because this has increased the power consumption between the starting period, and has increased heating, owing to multiple reason, this is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
That embodiment of the present invention is intended to overcome is relevant with motor start-up, the particularly power consumption and the relevant above-mentioned and other problem of efficient of motor thus.
Therefore; The invention provides a kind of starting drive; It is characterized in that it also comprises ancillary coil; Ancillary coil is connected between power supply and the auxiliary winding, so that only when starting switch is in closure state, just there is electric current in the ancillary coil, the auxiliary magnetic field that is wherein produced by the electric current in the ancillary coil acts on the anchor.
Through adopting the combination between main coil and the ancillary coil, magnetic force be with main winding and auxiliary winding in the result of the relevant ampere-turn of merging electric current.
According to the present invention; Act on auxiliary magnetic field on the anchor and can be used for control lag effectively and be used to provide thus and a kind ofly have the low auxiliary winding device of enabling time, and be used for the repetition of auxiliary winding not, a kind of stable device of realization under undesirable situation of launching and stopping using.With reference to Fig. 8 and 9 technique effect through the use realization of the combination between the ampere-turn of main winding current and auxiliary winding current has been described in further detail.
Increase if hope to lag behind, then can be suitable for working, and therefore reduce the electric current of stopping using, and guarantee more stable device with main field according to auxiliary magnetic field of the present invention.
On the other hand, reduce, then can be suitable for resisting main field and carry out work, and increase the electric current of stopping using thus, and guarantee the auxiliary winding of stopping using quickly according to auxiliary magnetic field of the present invention if hope to lag behind.
Main coil and ancillary coil can have the identical or different number of turn, and they can twine with identical or opposite direction.
The running winding that main winding and auxiliary winding can constitute traditional kind of being known by for example asynchronous motor etc. with start winding.Except above-mentioned main coil and starting switch, the circuit that these windings and power supply are linked together can comprise any other element that is applicable to particular comparator, like capacitor, PTC, Ohmic resistance etc.
Starting switch can form the contact electric bridge, and it can comprise well known in the art as is used for confirming switch forms, reduces wearing and tearing, avoids any characteristic of electric spark etc.
Anchor can have Any shape, and can be processed by the magnetic permeable material of any kind of.Especially, anchor can form ellipsoid, and it is divided into two elements that extend jointly each other along the ellipsoid direction.The first and second anchor elements can be processed by identical materials, and perhaps they can be made from a variety of materials.They can have identical quality, and perhaps they can have different quality.They can be of similar shape, and perhaps they can have different shapes.
Main coil can have any amount of winding that can be fit to special motors.Typically, main winding should have a large amount of windings, makes ampere-turn be fit to first element with the electric current mobile armature armature that when opening power and motor also do not rotate, is obtained at first.
Ancillary coil can have any amount of winding that is fit to this purpose, as equals the quantity of the quantity of main coil, greater than the quantity of the quantity of main coil or less than the quantity of the quantity of main coil.
Advantageously, reduce hysteresis through the magnetic attraction that reduces main field.For this purpose, main coil can comprise first coil portion and second coil portion of second portion of the total number of turns with this main coil of the first of the total number of turns with this main coil at least.As an example, first can have the said number of turn 10% to 60% between, second portion can have the remaining number of turn.
When the motor that stops to be activated, bypass can be interrupted, and made all numbers of turn, and promptly total number of turns all works or be movable, and made and when motor is opened, through the electric current that is obtained by main winding a large amount of relatively ampere-turns is provided.When the electric current in the main winding became greater than starting current, starting switch cut out, and this moment, possibly also hope to make the second coil portion bypass, reduced main field strength thus and realized stopping using of auxiliary winding with lower drop-out current.
For this purpose, this starting drive can also comprise bypass circuit, and this bypass circuit is suitable for making the second coil portion bypass between power supply and the main winding through first coil portion is connected.Bypass circuit can be interrupted by by-pass switch, and through this interruption, second coil portion is no longer by bypass, and can be according to the current practice by-pass switch in the main winding.In one embodiment, therefore operate by-pass switch through the anchor of operation start switch.
Bypass circuit can comprise at least one diode, preferred two diodes, and they are along different direction sensings and as by configuration as shown in Figure 5.Diode prevents the electric current along a direction, therefore extinguishes or prevents the electric spark on starting switch terminals or the by-pass switch terminals, and therefore increase the life-span of this starting drive potentially.
In second aspect; The invention provides a kind of through using the method for aforesaid starting drive actuating motor; This motor is by from the driven by power of power supply and comprise main winding and auxiliary winding, and this method comprises that employing increases by second element is moved in magnetic field intensity that is produced by the electric current in the coil and the magnetic field of adopting intensity to increase towards forward facing position step as first element of yoke.
In another embodiment, the invention provides a kind of starting drive, wherein anchor is included in the first and second anchor elements that can move independently under the influence in magnetic field.
Because anchor is divided into two elements, therefore to compare with the quality of the element that merges, each element has less quality.At first, when opening power, the electric current that is obtained by main winding reaches startup (pick-up) level fast, and one in wherein said two elements is moved toward forward facing position.This takes place relatively soon, because anchor is divided into the element with quality lower than whole anchor, promptly suitable " single-piece " anchor will require higher starting current.Therefore, when power supply opening, can reduce magnetic intensity owing to the electric current that obtains by motor.
When first element moved, this element work was as the yoke that increases the magnetic force that is produced by the electric current in the coil.Therefore, compare, can also second element be pulled to forward facing position with lower ampere-turn level with the relay that has similarly the anchor that forms with the single-piece form.
When two elements were all pulled to forward facing position by magnetic field, these elements can be promoted or extruding toward each other, thereby they become and link together owing to acting on magnetic field on the element.Therefore, in this case, said element constitutes single-piece anchor element, and this element has the quality with the merging uniform quality of two independent elements.Therefore, magnetic field is no longer enough identical with the drop-out current of being known from the relay with identical anchor of processing single-piece with the drop-out current that anchor is maintained forward facing position by force.Less and drop-out current equals the result of suitable single-piece anchor as starting current, lags behind, and promptly the difference between starting current and the drop-out current becomes less.Therefore, the advantage of breaking off auxiliary winding with lower drop-out current can be provided according to device of the present invention, and disconnection faster that can be through this winding (comprise can with the disconnection of the optional resistors of auxiliary windings in series insertion, PTC etc.) and energy-conservation.
Main winding and auxiliary winding can constitute as the operation winding of traditional kind of knowing by asynchronous motor etc. with start winding.Except above-mentioned main coil and starting switch, the circuit that these windings and power supply are linked together can comprise any other element that is applicable to particular comparator, like capacitor, PTC, Ohmic resistance etc.
This switch can form the contact electric bridge, and it can comprise well known in the art as is used for stablize handoff functionality, reduces any characteristic of wearing and tearing, avoiding electric spark etc.
Anchor can have Any shape, and can be processed by the magnetic permeable material of any kind of.Especially, anchor can form ellipsoid, and it is divided into two elements that extend jointly each other along the ellipsoid direction.
Main coil can have any amount of winding that can be fit to special motors.Typically, main winding should have a large amount of windings, makes first element of the electric current mobile armature armature that ampere-turn is fit to be obtained at first when also not rotating with opening power and motor thus.
The first and second anchor elements can be processed by identical materials, and perhaps they can be made from a variety of materials.They can have identical quality, and perhaps they can have different quality.They can be of similar shape, and perhaps they can have different shapes.
In one embodiment, starting drive comprises oval guiding piece, and first and second anchors can move along this guiding piece.Oval guiding piece can have front end, its can be for example any other well-known way through welding or retaining element be fixed to this switch, perhaps in addition it can form the part of this switch.In relative rear end, guiding piece can form the end that stops that limiting position of rest.Stop to hold may simply be and have the cross-sectional area head bigger than the residue axial region of this guiding piece.
In one embodiment, the anchor element is to form porose ring in the centre, and they arrange that around the axial region of guiding piece guiding piece extends through said hole.In this embodiment, stop to hold the enlarged end that can be merely guiding piece, have the size that stops its entering to pass the said hole in the annular armature armature element.
This starting drive also comprises spring element, is arranged between switch and the anchor, leaves switch with the extruding anchor.By this way, can stop between end and the switch elastic force being provided, make anchor when forward facing position moves, push switch along identical direction via spring.Spring element can be for the spring of any kind of of the specific implementations that is fit to this device, like helical coil formula compression spring, disc spring.
In one embodiment, spring element is convenient to the first anchor element free movement, to move towards switch.This execution mode for example can comprise the coil spring with internal diameter, pipe in promptly forming, and its size allows first element in spring element, freely to move up and down.On the other hand, said internal diameter can be enough little of to prevent that second element from getting into interior pipe.That is, first and second elements are of different sizes in the plane perpendicular to guiding piece.
First element can magnetically be isolated with second element.This characteristic can realize through use arranging in order to the isolated component of nonmagnetic substance that the first and second anchor elements are magnetically isolated each other.Isolated component for example can be nonmagnetic substance, like the shallow bid of plastics (like special teflon).The purposes of isolated component is to avoid first and second elements adhering to each other.
In one embodiment, the first and second anchor elements are adjacent to be provided with along the direction from the position of rest to the forward facing position.In this embodiment, first element for example can be set to than the second anchor element more near forward facing position.Therefore, compare with second element, the lower quality of first element can so that first element under lower magnetic force, move towards forward facing position.
Because as stated, reduced hysteresis according to the present invention, promptly owing to be divided into the anchor of two elements, starting ampere-turn and the difference of going to encourage between the ampere-turn can become less, if therefore supply voltage depart from too big, then may go wrong.If starting drive is designed to adopting 254 volts of overvoltage power operation motor, and voltage drops to lower voltage, and as 198 volts, the hysteresis that then reduces can cause device to have equaling or very near the starting current of drop-out current.When motor quickens, this will cause unsettled starting sequence with repetition period effect, and possibly, motor can not start.
For fear of this situation; And for control hysteresis better; Can also comprise ancillary coil according to device of the present invention; Ancillary coil is connected between power supply and the auxiliary winding, so that only when starting switch is in closure state, just there is electric current in the ancillary coil, the auxiliary magnetic field that is wherein produced by the electric current in the ancillary coil acts on the anchor.
Through adopting the main coil and the ancillary coil of starting drive, magnetic force be with main winding and auxiliary winding in the result of the relevant ampere-turn of merging electric current.
According to this execution mode of the present invention; Act on auxiliary magnetic field on the anchor and can be used for control lag effectively; Thereby be used to provide the device of the enabling time with low auxiliary winding, and be used for guaranteeing not having undesired auxiliary winding launch and stop using stable device.With reference to figure 7 and 8 technique effect through the use realization of the combination between main winding current and the auxiliary winding current has been described in further detail.
If the hysteresis that expectation increases then can be suitable for working with main field according to auxiliary magnetic field of the present invention, and therefore reduce the electric current of stopping using, and guarantee more stable device.
On the other hand,, and increase the electric current of stopping using thus, and guarantee the stopping using faster of auxiliary winding of power saving if the hysteresis that hope to reduce then can be suitable for resisting main field according to auxiliary magnetic field of the present invention and carry out work.
Main coil and ancillary coil can have the identical or different number of turn, and they can twine with identical or opposite direction.Owing to the electric current of when switch closure, at first realizing merging, so this switch must be with lower electric current (being the electric current in the main winding) closure.Except this electric current, ancillary coil also adds extra contribution to the magnetic field that keeps anchor.In order in closure state, not provide too strong switch to fix, hope that usually ancillary coil has the number of turn lower than main coil, as 1/5 or even 1/10 magnitude.
In one aspect of the method; The invention provides a kind of through using the method for above-mentioned starting drive actuating motor; This motor is by from the driven by power of power supply and comprise main winding and auxiliary winding, and this method comprises that employing increases by second element is moved in magnetic field intensity that is produced by the electric current in the coil and the magnetic field of adopting intensity to increase towards forward facing position step as first element of yoke.
In one aspect of the method, the invention provides a kind of compressor that is used for refrigerating circuit, this compressor comprises aforesaid motor and starting drive.
In the third aspect, the invention provides a kind of compressor that is used for refrigerating circuit, this compressor comprises aforesaid motor and starting drive.
Description of drawings
Hereinafter, will further details of the present invention be described with reference to execution mode of the present invention and accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 with schematic illustration prior electric machine and device;
Fig. 2 with schematic illustration according to motor of the present invention and device;
Fig. 3 with schematic illustration replaceable configuration according to motor of the present invention and device;
Fig. 4 with schematic illustration according to motor of the present invention and device, comprise the bypass circuit of the second portion bypass that is used to make main coil;
Fig. 5,5a, 5b with schematic illustration motor and the device of Fig. 3, comprise the diode of the terminals that are used for protection switch;
Fig. 5 c and 5d illustrate the execution mode that does not have Fig. 5 of diode a and 5b;
Fig. 6 and 7 illustrates employing according to motor of the present invention with not according to the test result of the comparison motor of device of the present invention; With
Fig. 8 and 9 illustrates the technique effect of realizing through the combination between the ampere-turn that uses main winding and auxiliary winding current.
Figure 10 illustrates the sketch map according to the some of device of the present invention;
Figure 11 and 12 illustrates two kinds of different execution modes according to two parts anchor of the present invention;
Figure 13 illustrates the execution mode that comprises ancillary coil of the present invention;
Figure 14 and 15 illustrates employing according to motor of the present invention with not according to the test result of the comparison motor of device of the present invention; And
Figure 16 and 17 illustrates the technique effect through the use realization of the combination between the ampere-turn of main winding and auxiliary winding current.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates the motor of knowing in the prior art.This motor is through coming interchange (AC) current drives of free terminals 1,2 illustrated power supplys.This motor comprises main winding 3 and auxiliary winding 4.The electric current of starting switch 5 control from power supply to auxiliary winding 4, PTC 6 provides phase shift between the phase place of the phase place of main winding 3 and auxiliary winding 4.
Fig. 2 illustrates according to motor of the present invention and device.In this article, this device also comprises ancillary coil 10, and it is connected between power supply and the auxiliary winding, so that only when starting switch 5 is in closure state, have electric current in the ancillary coil 10.Magnetic field by the generation of the electric current in the ancillary coil 10 acts on the anchor with the mode that supports main coil 8, perhaps by acting on the anchor on the main coil through the rightabout magneticaction of magnetic force that the edge is provided and produced by main coil 8.
In Fig. 2 a, illustrate ancillary coil 10, wherein main coil twines along identical direction with ancillary coil.
Fig. 2 b illustrates the interchangeable ancillary coil 11 that twines in opposite direction.
Fig. 3 illustrates and is connected with the replaceable of essentially identical motor shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 illustrates an embodiment of the invention, and wherein main coil comprises first coil portion 12 and second coil portion 13 of the second portion of the total number of turns with main coil of the first of the total number of turns with main coil.
Fig. 4 also shows by-pass switch 15, and it can interruption bypass circuit 14, makes second coil portion no longer by bypass.Illustrated by-pass switch is by the identical armature armature operation of going back operation start switch 5.Thus according to the current practice by-pass switch in the main winding.
Fig. 5 illustrates an execution mode corresponding to illustrated execution mode among Fig. 4 of the present invention, but has at least one diode 16,17 of the terminals that are used for protection switch.
Fig. 5 a and 5b illustrate the device that is similar to Fig. 4 or 5, but wherein Figure 4 and 5 illustrate two switches 5,15, and illustrated each execution mode only has a switch 5 among Fig. 5 a and the 5b.
In Fig. 5 a, the power supply that is used for ancillary coil 10 is through main coil 8, and therefore magnetic field intensity depends on the combination between the following magnetic field:
Be derived from the magnetic field of this main coil 8 during the merging electric current of main coil 8 conduction main windings 3 and auxiliary winding 4; With
Fig. 5 b shows the replaceable form of the device shown in Fig. 5 a.In this device, the electric current in the ancillary coil 10 is not through main coil 8.This is by directly crossing main coil 8 from power supply to path diagram the ancillary coil 10.Therefore, derive magnetic field intensity by the combination in following magnetic field:
The magnetic field of the main coil 8 when being derived from the electric current in the conduction main winding 3;
The magnetic field of the ancillary coil 10 when being derived from the electric current in the auxiliary winding 4 of conduction.
When ancillary coil 10 is activated, can hope to make the part of main coil 8 to decouple, make ancillary coil take over before at least a portion of the work of carrying out by main coil 8.By this way, the part that can guarantee magnetic field intensity is from the auxiliary current that passes through in the ancillary coil 10.
The diode that inserts among Fig. 5 a and the 5b can omit, shown in Fig. 5 c.Fig. 5 d is corresponding to Fig. 5 c, revises part and is, directly supplies power to ancillary coil from power supply through the entry position, and this is consistent when closed with Fig. 5 c switch 5 on electricity.Up to switch 5 closures, the magnetic behavior of main coil just changes.
Fig. 6 shows the thermometrically result of the compression motor that adopts refrigerating system.Along the X axle diagram duration, promptly hour, the power consumption that along Y axle diagram unit be watt.
System's operation is half a day approximately, measures to comprise a plurality of similar circulations.When opening compressor, experience is up to 600W or higher peak value in the very short time cycle at every turn., relax in the cycle in later time, be about 40W in the normal operation period power consumption.In the last time cycle, compressor is disconnected and consumed power not.
Fig. 7 illustrates and adopts identical with Fig. 6 but be provided with the test according to the comparative of the compressor assembly of starting drive of the present invention.Be clear that how the big peak value in the traditional compressor is reduced to very little peak value or does not have peak value at all.
Fig. 8 shows measurement result, shows the electric current in the main winding between starting period of the motor in compressor.Along the rotation of X axle diagram rotor per minute, RPM is the electric current of unit along Y axle diagram with the ampere.
The higher curve that is labeled as A illustrates with the PTC that assists windings in series to be connected and is in low-resistance pattern-promptly, and the electric current during about 25Ohm, the lower curve that is labeled as B illustrate PTC and be in high resistant pattern-promptly, the electric current during about 100kOhm.For curve A and B the two, on PTC, insert 2 * 10 in parallel
-6The capacitor of farad.
Article two, curve reacted motor the startup stage in the problem relevant with high power consumption.When motor start-up, PTC is cold, and therefore the several seconds built-in motor in beginning moves according to higher curve A.
Curve A shows, after motor just starts, promptly is in when hanging down RPM, and the ratio between electric current variation and RPM change is little.
So that in the stable traditional relay of relay, relay can not break off auxiliary phase usually before PTC heating and resistance uprise at the hysteresis height.At this moment, the electric current in the main winding skips to lower curve B from curve A, and big electric current reduces makes relay reaction and the disconnection known assist winding.
Unfortunately, this produces power consumption in auxiliary winding before the PTC heating, and this necessary power consumption of Duoing and heating when increasing than only considering use the auxiliary winding of starting torque being provided.
Fig. 9 assists the electric current in the winding during showing the motor start-up in the compressor.Along the rotation of X axle diagram rotor per minute, RPM is the electric current of unit along Y axle diagram with the ampere.
Now in the figure, the higher curve that is labeled as A illustrates with the PTC that assists windings in series to be connected and is in high resistant pattern-promptly, and the electric current during about 100kOhm, the lower curve that is labeled as B illustrate PTC and be in low-resistance pattern-promptly, the electric current during about 25Ohm.Hurdle, left side Y axle belongs to the curve that is labeled as B, and right hurdle Y axle belongs to the curve that is labeled as A.
About curve A and B the two, on PTC, insert the capacitor of 2 * 10-6 farad in parallel.This electric current to curve A particularly is influential.
As shown in the figure, before the PTC heating, electric current changes and the ratio of RPM between changing greatly-in other words, this be with main winding in electric current contrast opposite situation.
Because the electric current in former seconds after starting changes in auxiliary winding than a lot of soon at main winding; Can see; Not only can be through according to the use of the auxiliary winding of the Current Control in the main winding and the acquisition advantage, and the disconnection through using the auxiliary winding of Current Control in the auxiliary winding and obtain bigger benefit by the present invention.By this way, can not make the bigger hysteresis of adaptation under the slack-off situation of system, and therefore can not cause the unsettled situation of system to save power.
Hereinafter, will the present invention be described in further detail with reference to an embodiment of the invention and accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawings, Figure 10 illustrates the sketch map of the part of this device.
Said motor is by the driven by power from power supply, and this power supply has phase place connector 21 and zero-bit connector (zero connector) 22.Motor comprises the main winding (not shown) and the auxiliary winding (not shown) that is connected via connector 24 that connects via connector 23.
This device comprises the switch 25 via anchor 26 operations.Between position of rest and forward facing position, move up and down under the influence in the magnetic field that anchor 26 can provide in main coil 27.Switch among Figure 10 is illustrated as and is in the close position, and illustrates the position that it is in off-state with fine dotted line.
Figure 11 shows anchor 26 with the mode of zoomed-in view.Anchor is included in the first and second anchor elements 29,30 that can move independently under the influence in magnetic field.
Anchor comprises oval guiding piece, and the first and second anchor elements can move along this ellipse guiding piece.Oval guiding piece has and is fixed to the front end that switches bridger 32, switch bridger 32 connect two of switches switch electrodes (referring to Figure 10) 33,34 and therefore form the part of switch.In its back end opposite, this guiding piece forms and stops to hold 35, and it limits the position of rest of the first and second anchor elements, promptly stops to hold 35 to stop the back, edge to exceed moving outside the ad-hoc location to direction.
As scheme to show that first is of different sizes with anchor element 29,30, and this also provides different quality, and therefore the motion to element provides different resistances through using magnetic field.Especially, hope to have minimum quality near the element of coil.This influence that makes this specific hithermost element receive gravity is less.Because it is also near coil and therefore stand the magnetic attraction stronger than other element, this near and the lightest element become and move by more weak magnetic attraction more easily.In case this element moves to the position of coil inside, then magnetic intensity increases, so other element can be united the magnetic attraction attraction of the increase of generation now by coil and other element.
Figure 12 illustrates the replaceable execution mode of anchor 26.Anchor comprise with Figure 11 in the essentially identical parts of anchor, and said parts are with identical numeral number.Compare with the anchor among Figure 11, the anchor orientation among Figure 12 is different, and the minimum and therefore the lightest element in the said element is now near bridger 32 and near coil.Switch among Figure 12 is illustrated as and is in open position, and illustrates the position that is in closure state of this switch with fine dotted line.
Figure 13 illustrates according to motor of the present invention and device.In this article, this device also comprises ancillary coil 30, and it is connected between power supply and the auxiliary winding 24, so that only when switch 25 is in closure state, just there is electric current in the ancillary coil 30.The magnetic field that is produced by the electric current in the ancillary coil 30 acts on the anchor with the mode that supports main coil 27, perhaps provides magneticaction to act on the anchor at main coil through edge and the magnetic force rightabout that main coil 27 produces.
Figure 14 shows the thermometrically result of the compression motor that adopts refrigerating system.Along the X axle diagram duration, promptly hour, be the power consumption of unit with the watt along Y axle diagram.
System's operation is half a day approximately, measures to comprise a plurality of similar circulations.When opening compressor, experience is up to 600W or higher peak value in the very short time cycle at every turn., relax in the cycle in later time, be about 40W in the normal operation period power consumption.In the last time cycle, compressor is disconnected and consumed power not.
Figure 15 illustrates and adopts identical but be provided with the measurement result according to the comparative test of the compressor assembly of starting drive of the present invention.Be clear that how the big peak value in the traditional compressor is reduced to very little peak value or does not have peak value at all.
Figure 16 shows measurement result, shows the electric current in the main winding during the motor start-up in compressor.Represent the rotation of rotor per minute along the X axle, RPM is the unit representation electric current with the ampere along the Y axle.
The higher curve that is labeled as A illustrates with the PTC that assists windings in series to be connected and is in low-resistance pattern-promptly, and the electric current during about 25Ohm, the lower curve that is labeled as B illustrate PTC and be in high resistant pattern-promptly, the electric current during about 100kOhm.For curve A and B the two, on PTC, insert 2 * 10 in parallel
-6The capacitor of farad.
Article two, figure line illustrate with motor the startup stage in the relevant problem of high power consumption.When motor start-up, PTC is cold, and therefore motor uprises up to PTC heating and resistance along higher curve A running.
Curve A shows, after motor just starts, promptly is in when hanging down RPM, and the ratio between electric current variation and RPM change is little.
So that in the stable traditional relay of relay, relay can not break off auxiliary phase usually before the PTC heating and the high resistant that becomes at the hysteresis height.At this moment, the electric current in the main winding skips to lower curve B from curve A, and big electric current reduces makes relay reaction and the disconnection known assist winding.
Unfortunately, this produces power consumption in auxiliary winding before the PTC heating, and this when having increased than only having considered use the auxiliary winding of starting torque being provided power consumption and the heating that must Duo.
Figure 17 shows the electric current in the auxiliary winding between starting period of the motor in the compressor.Represent the rotation of rotor per minute along the X axle, RPM is the unit representation electric current with the ampere along the Y axle.
Now in the figure, the higher curve that is labeled as A illustrates with the PTC that assists windings in series to be connected and is in high resistant pattern-promptly, and the electric current during about 100kOhm, the lower curve that is labeled as B illustrate PTC and be in low-resistance pattern-promptly, the electric current during about 25Ohm.Hurdle, left side Y axle belongs to the curve that is labeled as B, and right hurdle Y axle belongs to the curve that is labeled as A.
For curve A and B the two, on PTC, insert the capacitor of 2 * 10-6 farad in parallel.This electric current to curve A particularly is influential.
As shown in the figure, before the PTC heating, electric current changes and the ratio of RPM between changing greatly-in other words, this be with main winding in electric current contrast opposite situation.
Because the electric current in the beginning several seconds after starting changes in auxiliary winding than a lot of soon at main winding; Can see; Not only can be through according to the use of the auxiliary winding of the Current Control in the main winding and the acquisition advantage, and the disconnection through using the auxiliary winding of Current Control in the auxiliary winding and obtain bigger benefit by the present invention.By this way, can not make the bigger hysteresis of adaptation under the slack-off situation of system, and therefore can not make the unsettled situation of system save power.
Claims (15)
1. starting drive that is used for motor; This motor is by from power supply (1; 2) driven by power also comprises main winding (3) and auxiliary winding (4), and this device comprises starting switch (5), anchor (7) and main coil (8), and the main field that is wherein produced by the electric current in the main coil (8) can mobile armature armature (7); And can starting switch (5) be moved to forward facing position from position of rest thus; Anchor (7) moves to closure state with starting switch (5) from off-state thus, and wherein main coil (8) is connected between power supply (1) and the main winding (3), and wherein starting switch (5) is connected between power supply (1) and the auxiliary winding (4) so that only under the closure state of starting switch (5), just there is electric current in the auxiliary winding; It is characterized in that
This device also comprises ancillary coil (10); Ancillary coil (10) is connected between power supply (1) and the auxiliary winding (4) so that only just have electric current when being in closure state in the ancillary coil (10) at starting switch (5), and wherein the auxiliary magnetic field by the generation of the electric current in the ancillary coil (10) acts on the anchor (7).
2. starting drive according to claim 1, wherein auxiliary magnetic field works with main field, so that anchor (7) is maintained forward facing position.
3. starting drive according to claim 1, wherein auxiliary magnetic field resists main field, and resists anchor (7) keeping in forward facing position thus.
4. according to each described starting drive in the aforementioned claim, wherein main coil (8) has the number of turn of Duoing than ancillary coil (10).
5. according to each described starting drive in the aforementioned claim, wherein main coil (8) twines along identical direction with ancillary coil (10).
6. according to each described starting drive among the claim 1-4, wherein twine with the direction in the opposite direction that ancillary coil (10) twines on main coil (8) edge.
7. according to each described starting drive in the aforementioned claim; Wherein main coil (8) comprise at least the total number of turns with main coil first first coil portion (12) and have second coil portion (13) of second portion of the total number of turns of main coil; This device also comprises bypass circuit (14), and bypass circuit is suitable for making second coil portion (13) bypass between power supply (1) and the main winding (3) through first coil portion (12) is connected.
8. starting drive according to claim 7, comprise can interruption bypass circuit (14) by-pass switch (15), through this interruption, second coil portion (13) is no longer by bypass.
9. starting drive according to claim 8 is wherein according to the current practice by-pass switch (15) in the main winding (3).
10. starting drive according to claim 9 is wherein by the anchor of going back operation start switch (5) (7) operation by-pass switch (15).
11. according to each described starting drive among the claim 7-10, wherein bypass circuit (14) comprises at least one diode.
12. a single-phase motor comprises according to each starting drive among the claim 1-11.
13. a compressor that is used for refrigerating circuit, this compressor comprises the motor according to claim 12.
14. one kind through using the method according to each described starting drive actuating motor among the claim 1-6; This motor is through from the driven by power of power supply and comprise main winding and auxiliary winding, this method comprise adopt main field launch in the auxiliary winding electric current with adopt auxiliary magnetic field to regulate the step of the hysteresis of this starting drive.
15. a starting drive that is used for motor, this motor are by from the driven by power of power supply and comprise main winding and auxiliary winding, this starting drive comprises switch (25), anchor (26) and main coil (27); The magnetic field that is wherein produced by the electric current in the main coil can be with respect to the switching electrode (23 in the switch; 24) anchor is moved to forward facing position from position of rest, thereby anchor moves to closure state with switch from off-state, wherein main coil is connected between power supply and the main winding; And wherein switch is connected between power supply and the auxiliary winding; So that only under the closure state of switch, just there is electric current in the auxiliary winding, it is characterized in that
This anchor is included in the first and second anchor elements (29,30) that can move independently under the influence in said magnetic field.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| DKPA201000618 | 2010-07-12 | ||
| DKPA201000618 | 2010-07-12 | ||
| DKPA201000619 | 2010-07-12 | ||
| DKPA201000619 | 2010-07-12 | ||
| DKPA201000629 | 2010-07-14 | ||
| DKPA201000629 | 2010-07-14 |
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| CN102377375A true CN102377375A (en) | 2012-03-14 |
| CN102377375B CN102377375B (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201110191215.2A Active CN102377375B (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2011-07-08 | Starting device used in motor |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN102377375B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102011107010B4 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI619886B (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2018-04-01 | Matsushita Electric Taiwan Co Ltd | Compression |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1050643A (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1991-04-10 | 能源部华东电力设计院 | The A.C. contactor control device of load current self-maintaining |
| CN1172549A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1998-02-04 | 罗伯特-博希股份公司 | Circuitry for an engagement relay |
| US6356047B1 (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2002-03-12 | Electrica S.R.L. | Starting device for electric motors, which includes a PTC resistor and a relay in series |
| US20030222609A1 (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2003-12-04 | Bristol Compressors | System and method for soft starting a three phase motor |
| WO2006069956A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for the secure operation of a switching device |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006007266A1 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-23 | Danfoss Compressors Gmbh | Line starting electric motor`s starter for household appliance, has start winding connected in series with operating capacitor, and parallel connection of switching device and resistance connected in series with starting capacitor |
| CN102742145B (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2015-12-16 | 思科普有限责任公司 | AC monocyclic-start induction motor, for operation sheet phase induction motor equipment and there is the compressor of this motor or equipment |
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2011
- 2011-07-08 CN CN201110191215.2A patent/CN102377375B/en active Active
- 2011-07-09 DE DE102011107010.2A patent/DE102011107010B4/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1050643A (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1991-04-10 | 能源部华东电力设计院 | The A.C. contactor control device of load current self-maintaining |
| CN1172549A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1998-02-04 | 罗伯特-博希股份公司 | Circuitry for an engagement relay |
| US6356047B1 (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2002-03-12 | Electrica S.R.L. | Starting device for electric motors, which includes a PTC resistor and a relay in series |
| US20030222609A1 (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2003-12-04 | Bristol Compressors | System and method for soft starting a three phase motor |
| WO2006069956A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for the secure operation of a switching device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI619886B (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2018-04-01 | Matsushita Electric Taiwan Co Ltd | Compression |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102377375B (en) | 2014-03-12 |
| DE102011107010B4 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
| DE102011107010A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
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