CN102372078A

CN102372078A - Diving life-saving method for ship being turned upside down

Info

Publication number: CN102372078A
Application number: CN2010102655847A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 迟双龙; 秦为志; 梁希德; 孙世彬
Original assignee: BEIHAI RESCUE BUREAU MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS
Current assignee: BEIHAI RESCUE BUREAU MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS
Priority date: 2010-08-25
Filing date: 2010-08-25
Publication date: 2012-03-14

Abstract

The invention discloses a diving life-saving method for a ship being turned upside down, which comprises the following steps of: a) stabilizing a floating state of the ship being turned upside down; b) supplying fresh air; c) maintaining the life of a trapped person; d) cleaning a cabin entry channel; and e) diving and saving the person, and taking the trapped person out of the cabin. The diving life-saving method is used for solving the problem that rescuers cannot save people in danger in the ship being turned upside down by using a traditional method. By using the diving life-saving method, the trapped person can be saved quickly, the success rate can reach 100% and the maritime emergency rescue technique is further developed.

Description

A kind of arrest of ship diving that turns over is rescued people's method

Technical field:

The present invention relates to the marine salvage technical field, is that a kind of arrest of ship diving that turns over is rescued people's method specifically.

Background technology:

Turn over arrest of ship and be meant that boats and ships owing to reasons such as collision, wave, torrent, goods move, cycles, cause that method of ship floating condition is unbalance, the hull bottom floating water surface that makes progress; Thoroughly changed original top-up state after boats and ships turn over button this moment, and boats and ships turn on the button tailheaviness and move, and initial metacentric height GM value reduces or is negative value; Be in utmost point unstable balance state; The subtle change of any external force all possibly cause boats and ships rollover or sinking, and hull buoyancy and cabin inner air pressure sum equal hull weight, and gravity torque is greater than buoyancy moment when turning over the arrest of ship run-off the straight; Boats and ships are turned on one's side rapidly, and air overflows and causes trapped personnel to lose life condition and hull sinking to having at any time danger such as rollover, sinking in the cabin; Vary owing to turn over ship type, floading condition, the environment of arrest of ship oceangoing ship, the situation situation of trapped personnel etc., also exist following dangerous: the distress personnel in the stranded cabin only depends on the remaining air in the cabin to earn a bare living, and oxygen is very limited; Trapped personnel is through boats and ships momentary variations, terrified sink into rapidly after very much the condition very severe dark, the fully enclosed small space; Trapped personnel is very likely owing to low temperature, anoxic, fear etc. are former thereby dead; In order to keep the life of trapped personnel, rescue ship enters the accurate position that trapped personnel in the cabin is sought in cabin etc. through knocking hull bottom, diver, through propaganda directed to communicate, measure such as oxygen supply, keep the life of trapped personnel, prolong the actv. relief time; But, at present,, can only leave it to chance in the face of marine relief of turning over distress personnel in the arrest of ship generally is at a loss what to do, stranded distress personnel is survived the chance of getting off seldom.

Summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, and provide a kind of arrest of ship diving of turning over to rescue people's method, mainly solve existing in the face of turning in the arrest of ship that the distress personnel salvor feels simply helpless and problem such as stranded distress personnel survival odds is few in the sea.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved in that a kind of arrest of ship diving of turning over rescues people's method, and its special character is that it comprises following processing step:

The stable arrest of ship floading condition of turning over of a, the displacement of arrest of ship is turned in estimation, calculates binding and turns over the rope of arrest of ship, the safety load of accessory; Arrest of ship is fixedly turned in binding; Keeping turning over the arrest of ship floading condition stable is that the enforcement rescue operation is a necessary condition; Stable turn over the arrest of ship floading condition and take to bundle the method for fixedly turning over arrest of ship, one is that two ships are united binding, will turn over arrest of ship and place between two rescue ships; Two rescue ships are with cable respectively, will turn over the arrest of ship holder with joint efforts on the water surface; The 2nd, single ship binding, rescue ship is implemented binding near turning over arrest of ship at rescue ship topside or stern; In the rescue operation process after binding, still want continuous watch to turn over the floading condition of arrest of ship and near the navigable condition of boats and ships, prevent to turn over the floading condition generation ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS of arrest of ship; The layout of binding hawser, the one, guarantee the lifting power that provides enough, do not have obvious sinking when preventing to turn over escape of air in arrest of ship the cabin in, the 2nd, vertical, the lateral stressed balance of arrest of ship is turned in assurance, prevents to topple; At any time adjust the displacement of rescue ship along with the state variation of turning over arrest of ship; At first estimate the displacement of rescue ship; Turn over the influence degree of arrest of ship buoyancy forfeiture in case calculate in view of the above to the rescue ship heel; So that adjust the ballast of rescue ship in advance, guarantee that rescue ship can not produce dangerous heel in operation;

B carries fresh air; The diver adopts professional diving personnel's ventilation channel in the cabin, to carry fresh air, and pressure is transferred greatly from zero graduation gradually, prevents the excessive variation that causes floading condition of pressure; Keep modest pressure; Avoid too much air feed in small-sized cabin of turning over arrest of ship, cause turning over arrest of ship danger such as floating, rollover have taken place, air supply pipe inserts that 0.5 meter colligation of hatch is fixing to get final product;

C; Keep the life of trapped personnel, the salvor incessantly with beat hull bottom, through sea chest means such as propaganda directed to communicate, keep in touch with personnel in the cabin, eliminate the feared state of mind of trapped personnel, the will of seeking survival that encourages them;

D clears up into cabin passage, and the diver enters the cabin and at first clears up into cabin passage; Because after boats and ships turned over button, originally the rope on the deck, netting gear etc. gathered around, the foreign material in the cabin tumble the obstruction ladder access toward lower, and the hatch door inverted metamorphic is difficult to open, and the diver must enter the cabin and clear up escape and rescue trunk, could implement to rescue the people;

E diving is rescued the people, band trapped personnel deliver from vault; After trapped personnel is found in search under water, can not anxiously outwards rescue the people, stablize the mood of trapped personnel, church uses diving apparatus, gradation band people dive deliver from vault again; The diver will pay close attention to the mood and the movement of trapped personnel constantly in the process of band trapped personnel deliver from vault; Run into the diver and can enter the cabin but receive other condition restriction can not immediately trapped personnel be taken out of the situation of the water surface, should help trapped personnel to break away from the immersion of seawater as far as possible, serve fresh water, food, torch and insulation articles for use etc., pacify them and bear with.

A kind of arrest of ship diving of turning over of the present invention is rescued people's method and is compared with present technology had outstanding substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement; Thoroughly solve in the face of turning over distress personnel in the arrest of ship in the sea; The salvor feels simply helpless, and the conventional practice that can only leave it to chance makes stranded distress personnel can access relief; Success ratio makes marine emergency rescue technology obtain large development up to 100%.

The specific embodiment:

In order to understand better and to implement, specify a kind of arrest of ship diving that turns over of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment and rescue people's method.

Embodiment 1, and for the relief of turning over arrest of ship, at first the displacement of arrest of ship is turned in estimation, calculates binding and turns over the rope of arrest of ship, the safety load of accessory; Bundle fixingly to turning over arrest of ship again, take two ships to unite the binding mode and bundle and fixedly turn over arrest of ship, be about to turn over arrest of ship and place between two rescue ships, two rescue ships are with cable respectively, will turn over the arrest of ship holder with joint efforts on the water surface; In the rescue operation process after binding, still want continuous watch to turn over the floading condition of arrest of ship and near the navigable condition of boats and ships, prevent to turn over the floading condition generation ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS of arrest of ship; The layout of binding hawser, the one, guarantee the lifting power that provides enough, do not have obvious sinking when preventing to turn over escape of air in arrest of ship the cabin in, the 2nd, vertical, the lateral stressed balance of arrest of ship is turned in assurance, prevents to topple; At any time adjust the displacement of rescue ship along with the state variation of turning over arrest of ship; At first estimate the displacement of rescue ship; Turn over the influence degree of arrest of ship buoyancy forfeiture in case calculate in view of the above to the rescue ship heel; So that adjust the ballast of rescue ship in advance, guarantee that rescue ship can not produce dangerous heel in operation; The diver adopts professional diving personnel's ventilation channel in the cabin, to carry fresh air then; Pressure is transferred greatly from zero graduation gradually; Prevent the excessive variation that causes floading condition of pressure, keep modest pressure, avoid too much air feed in small-sized cabin of turning over arrest of ship; Cause turning over danger such as arrest of ship has taken place to float, rollover, fixing the getting final product of 0.5 meter colligation of air supply pipe insertion hatch; Simultaneously the salvor incessantly with beat hull bottom, through sea chest means such as propaganda directed to communicate, keep in touch the feared state of mind of elimination trapped personnel, the will of seeking survival that encourages them with personnel in the cabin; When the diver entered the cabin, at first the cabin passage was advanced in cleaning, because after boats and ships turn over button; Originally the rope on the deck, netting gear etc. gather around, and the foreign material in the cabin tumble the obstruction ladder access toward lower, and the hatch door inverted metamorphic is difficult to open; The diver must enter the cabin and clear up escape and rescue trunk, could implement to rescue the people; The diver can not anxious outwards rescue people through after trapped personnel is found in search under water, stablizes the mood of trapped personnel, and church uses diving apparatus, gradation band people dive deliver from vault again; The diver will pay close attention to the mood and the movement of trapped personnel constantly in the process of band trapped personnel deliver from vault; Run into the diver and can enter the cabin but receive other condition restriction can not immediately trapped personnel be taken out of the situation of the water surface, should help trapped personnel to break away from the immersion of seawater as far as possible, serve fresh water, food, torch and insulation articles for use etc., pacify them and bear with.

Embodiment 2, and with embodiment 1, difference is to bundle fixingly to turning over arrest of ship, adopts single ship binding mode, and promptly rescue ship is implemented binding near turning over arrest of ship at rescue ship topside or stern.

Claims

1. one kind is turned over arrest of ship diving and rescues people's method, it is characterized in that it comprises following processing step:

The stable arrest of ship floading condition of turning over of a, the displacement of arrest of ship is turned in estimation, calculates binding and turns over the rope of arrest of ship, the safety load of accessory, and arrest of ship is fixedly turned in binding, adjusts the displacement of rescue ship at any time along with the state variation of turning over arrest of ship;

B carries fresh air, and the diver adopts professional diving personnel's ventilation channel in the cabin, to carry fresh air, and pressure is transferred greatly from zero graduation gradually, keeps modest pressure, fixing the getting final product of 0.5 meter colligation of air supply pipe insertion hatch;

C; Keep the life of trapped personnel, the salvor incessantly with beat hull bottom, through the sea chest means of propagandaing directed to communicate, keep in touch with personnel in the cabin;

D clears up into cabin passage, and the diver enters the cabin and at first clears up into cabin passage;

E diving is rescued the people, band trapped personnel deliver from vault.

2. a kind of arrest of ship diving that turns over according to claim 1 is rescued people's method; It is characterized in that a step is stable turns over the described binding of arrest of ship floading condition fixedly to turn over arrest of ship is that two ships are united binding; To turn over arrest of ship and place between two rescue ships, two rescue ships are with cable respectively, will turn over the arrest of ship holder with joint efforts on the water surface.

3. a kind of arrest of ship diving of turning over according to claim 1 is rescued people's method, it is characterized in that a step is stable to turn over the described binding of arrest of ship floading condition fixedly to turn over arrest of ship be single ship binding, and rescue ship is implemented to bundle at rescue ship topside or stern near turning over arrest of ship.