CN102371083A

CN102371083A - Continuous countercurrent leaching device with a plurality of energy supplies

Info

Publication number: CN102371083A
Application number: CN2010102551208A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵履祥
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-08-17
Filing date: 2010-08-17
Publication date: 2012-03-14

Abstract

The invention relates to a continuous countercurrent leaching device with a plurality of energy supplies for extracting active ingredients from natural products (especially Chinese herbal medicines), comprising a body provided with a plurality of grooves which have half-circle sections arranged horizontally and end-to-end, wherein, each groove is provided with rotatable blades which are driven by a driving mechanism and provided with through holes, and the bottom of each groove is provided with an ultrasonic transducer member and/or a heat exchange member with a plurality of energy supplies. Under the conditions of ultrasonic cavitation and other effects, proper temperatures, continuous countercurrent creation and maintenance of maximum concentration difference, leaching is carried out, so that cell rupture of medicinal materials is accelerated, dissolving and diffusion are accelerated, energy supply is diversified, and the costs of medicinal material resource, solvent, and energy consumption and the like are reduced. The invention has the beneficial effects of synergism, high quality, energy saving, and environmental protection.

Description

Continuous flow upstream that can multiple energy supply leaches device

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of to active ingredient in the natural products (especially Chinese medicine) leach can multiple energy supply continuous flow upstream leach device, belong to the traditional Chinese medicine extraction technical field.

Background technology:

Chinese medicine leaches the process that will pass through infiltration, dissolving, diffusion and displacement, and the optimal design aspect that liquid goes out device has: the solubility active ingredient that 1, will quicken in the medicinal material histocyte is dissolved in the solvent as early as possible, accelerates the diffusion process.Research shows; Extraction temperature is directly proportional with diffusion velocity, and the traditional Chinese medicines extractor promptly is to decoct through heating to impel the medicinal material histocyte to break, to accelerate dissolving, the diffusion of active ingredient; But active ingredient is heat-sensitive substance mostly in the medicinal material, is advisable with temperature lower (as below 80 ℃).At present; Ultrasonic wave Chinese medicine leaching novel technique is used, and under the multiple effect effect of ultrasonic wave, what particularly produce in the cavitation effect causes crude drug cell to break up to thousands of atmospheric instantaneous pressures; Accelerated solvent is penetrated into cell interior; Improve medicine dissolution rate and stripping number of times, thereby increase the diffusion of active ingredient, shorten extraction time.And ultrasonic wave extraction temperature suit (below 80 ℃) does not destroy thermal sensitivity active ingredient in the medicinal material.2, to make medicinal material and solvent all form the fluid dynamics of moving towards opposite all the time; Create and keep the concentration difference of maximum; Because concentration difference is only the power of diffusion; And avoid back-mixing (leachate that is different levels variable concentrations in the leaching process mixes each other), back-mixing can influence the raising of leaching effect.3, energy-conservation and environmental protection is an important elements, and the energy supply variation is an effective way, with the extract technology requirement of the different medicinal material kinds that adapt to different physicochemical properties, satisfies different heat transfer types such as heating, normal temperature, low temperature.Reduce the consumption that environment is had the coal and oil of pollution, then adopt clean energy resource as far as possible, realize that cleaning, no waste leach production.

Now, spread all over the still widely used traditional Chinese medicine extraction jar in China various places and belong to the static device that intermittently leaches of single-stage.Tank diameter is big and cylindrical shell is high, temperature high (can reach 0.3MPa, 143 ℃) when the tank body external jacket of use coal burning water heating steam heats, and the place is overheated near chuck, destroys thermal sensitivity active ingredient in the medicinal material, and tank body middle part and bottom heat are difficult to pass to, and it is irregular to be heated.Adopt pump circulation and stirring to make moderate progress, but produce back-mixing.Because of concentration difference is little, one jar medicinal material of the producer that has will intermittently decoct 2 ~ 3 times, and fluid coefficient (being liquid-solid ratio) is big especially.Because it is big to leach liquid measure, thereby subsequent handling (like evaporation, filtration, purifies and separates etc.) workload is also big, the completion unit leaching amount time is long; Efficient is low; Also increase manual work, herb resource, factory site equipment investment, solvent, Energy Consumption Cost, and recovery rate is low, deficiency in economic performance.Tank body is uphang, and deslagging covers in tank base, has obstruction, leakage and hidden danger.

The producer that has uses the said extracted jar of some, interconnects them with liquid-transport pipe-line, successively lines up certain order and forms a jar group.In leaching process, leachate flows to the last jar by the 1st jar, and the 1st jar discharged the dregs of a decoction through repeatedly leaching the back, and reinstalling new drug becomes the last jar, and former the 2nd jar becomes the 1st jar, and the like.This adverse current jar group leaches; Every part of solvent that injects first jar progressively flows into the end jar; Every part of solvent is repeatedly used, make every part from the end concentration of jar leachate that flows out reaches maximum, leach number of times at most thereby the medicinal material particle include active ingredient minimum the dregs of a decoction discharge.Than the single-stage extraction jar, adverse current jar group increases in many-side.But also have many shortcomings, like batch extractor group more complicated, production operation is cumbersome, and leachate often has air-teturning mixed phenomenon in leaching process, influence the raising of leaching effect.

The producer that also has is modified into the said extracted jar that ultrasonic wave is auxiliary to be leached, and often the ultrasonic transducer member is put into the tank body that the medicinal material feed liquid is housed or is provided with on the tank body barrel.Because the extractor diameter is big and cylindrical shell is high; Hyperacoustic transmission is slow; The strength retrogression is fast, and the ultrasonic wave sphere of action is little, and the suffered ultrasonic energy of medicinal material is inhomogeneous; Long near the broken time of the medicinal material at ultrasonic transducer member place, then be difficult to realize ultrasonic disruption apart from ultrasonic transducer member medicinal material at a distance.If adopt to stir the medicinal material feed liquid is circulated in tank body, increase, but still produce back-mixing, be difficult to drawbacks such as mounting or dismounting, cleaning than leaving standstill single jar of effect.

In the prior art, several times improve, occur as the patent No. is the spiral continuous flow upstream leaching device that 00219080.X etc. can two kinds of energy supplies, its principle is than science, but as far as leaching, and there is defective in aspects such as stressed, structural design.Practice shows; The conveying worm of conventional (claiming screw feeder again) is used for the conveying of dryness material grain more; And be mostly the Chinese medicine particle of rhizome, leaf, flower, grass class and should not use long spiral propeller in liquid flux, to advance operation; Because rhizome, leaf, flower, grass type Chinese medicine particle proportion are lighter, in liquid flux, can swim in the liquid level zone and be difficult to slided and advance by helicoid.The light medicinal material particle of just having knocked down that has just flows out from the leachate outlet with the reverse leachate that flows as yet not through leaching, and is taken as filter residue and handles, and promptly wastes medicinal material, increases difficulty in filtration again.Because of drop-hanger bearing in the lead aircraft trough intercepts or filter not smooth, in time, has to stop up and takes place.Long when the spiral axial dimension, when compression was excessive, helical axis will be crooked, even fracture.When the spiral continuous flow upstream of this type leaches the leaching of device employing ultrasonic wave; How the ultrasonic transducer member is located at spiral trough both sides outer surface; This set often is positioned at trough bottom with the medicinal material particle and has relatively formed and arrange dislocation in the sidewall operation position of direction of rotation, and this can not affact all with regard to the energy that causes ultrasonic emitting that medicinal material leaches and partial loss is fallen.Spiral propeller is long and heavy, and manufacturing cost is high, is difficult for mounting or dismounting, is difficult to thorough cleaning.

Leaf oar formula continuous flow upstream of the prior art leaches device, and force structure is reasonable in design, but has only single energy supply structure; Can not satisfy the extract technology requirement of the different medicinal material kinds of different physicochemical properties; And leachate flows out without effective filtration, and the medicinal material particle that has some newly to drop into just flows out without leaching and wastes; Thoroughly cleaning is against the GMP code requirement because of being difficult to for net belt type deslagging structure, and influence is promoted the use of.

The world today, earth energy resource day is becoming tight, and too much the carbon emission contaminated environment has become to be badly in need of the problem of solution.Existing Chinese medicine leaches device and still adopts the coal burning water heating Steam Heating mostly, and energy consumption is high, pollution is heavy.When being heat transfer medium with hot water, often about 20 ℃ cold water being heated to about 100 ℃ being used for because of not leaching with coal, electric equal energy source, energy consumption is also very big.The aspect is new through looking into like the bright quite mature and reliable of solar industry hot water circuit engineering that waits of Shandong emperor in addition, does not have solar energy to be used for the case of Chinese medicine extract technology as yet.According to national industrial policies; Chinese medicine leaches device will carry out industry restructuring to low temperature low consumption high-quality by the high consumption of high temperature low-quality; Just go to the world, the Chinese medicine industry with Chinese traditional advantage be badly in need of adapting to this development trend can multiple energy supply the leaching device of Synergistic and energy-saving.

Summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that prior art exists; It is all reasonable to provide a kind of stressed, structural design and energy supply to arrange; Help leaching operation, mounting or dismounting, clean, meet the GMP code requirement, can adapt to the extract technology requirement of the different medicinal material kinds of different physicochemical properties; Can multiple energy supply, leach device with the continuous flow upstream that reaches synergy high-quality, energy-conserving and environment-protective.

For achieving the above object; Technical scheme of the present invention is: the body of being made up of the groove of several horizontally arranged and end to end half garden shape sections in it comprises; Be provided with in said each groove by driving mechanism drive rotatable and above be furnished with the leaf oar of through hole; Said body is provided with the top that leachate exports an end and is provided with feeding machanism; Said body is provided with the other end that leaches solvent inlet and is provided with slagging device; Be characterized in: the bottom land bottom of said half garden shape section is provided with ultrasonic transducer member and/or heat exchange component that can multiple energy supply, under the condition of utilizing ultrasonication proper temperature, creation and maintenance Cmax difference, carries out continuous flow upstream and leaches.

To the deficiency of prior art at aspects such as stressed, structural designs; There is defective in the leaching process; The present invention has the groove of several horizontally arranged and end to end half garden shape sections, be provided with in each groove by driving mechanism drive rotatable and above be furnished with the leaf oar of through hole, form between leaf oar and groove the cavity volume of medicinal material particle and solvent and equilibrium operating be housed; Along with the leaf oar constantly rotates; The radial push medicinal material is without hindrance piecemeal moves towards opposite flowing at a distance from ground with solvent, and from the automatic charging to the automatic discharge, the concentration difference of maximum is constantly created and kept in omnidistance totally-enclosed operation.Because the bottom land bottom is provided with ultrasonic transducer member and/or heat exchange component that can multiple energy supply; Making full use of under effect such as ultrasonic cavitation and/or the proper temperature conditioning, crude drug cell breaks fast, improves medicinal material active ingredient dissolution rate and stripping number of times; Thereby accelerate the diffusion of active ingredient; Diffusion boundary layer is thin and renewal is fast, and acceleration active ingredient is constantly put and is transformed in the solvent, improves the recovery rate of active ingredient greatly.At a lower temperature, thermal sensitivity active ingredient is not destroyed.Adopt several leaf oars, single leaf oar in light weight, it is low to make simple cost, is prone to mounting or dismounting, just cleans, and meets the GMP code requirement.In leaching, solvent load is few, and the fluid coefficient is little, and energy resource consumption is few, and the energy supply variation utilizes clean energy resource as far as possible, satisfies multiple leaching requirement, and multinomial cost all reduces.Therefore, compared to prior art, the present invention has effective effect of significant synergy high-quality, energy-conserving and environment-protective.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the sketch map that continuous flow upstream that the present invention can multiple energy supply leaches first specific embodiment of device;

Fig. 2 is the sketch map that continuous flow upstream that the present invention can multiple energy supply leaches another specific embodiment of device;

Fig. 3 is that the A of Fig. 1, Fig. 2 is to oblique view;

Fig. 4 is that the B of Fig. 1, Fig. 2 is to partial view;

Fig. 5 is the sketch map with removable hoisting apparatus of suspender.

The specific embodiment:

Fig. 1,3, shown in 4 can multiple energy supply continuous flow upstream leach device; The body (25) that has the groove (10) of several horizontally arranged and end to end half garden shape sections to be formed in it comprises; Body (25) is provided with renovate (22) with sealing strip, helps that organic solvent is non-volatile to leak and install and remove, clean.Body (25) is provided with lamp window (23), observes at any time when being convenient to leach operation.Temperature control mouth (27) in the body (25) can be installed the temp probe of regulation and control extraction temperature, and Butterworth Hatch (26) can be installed the hydro-peening head.Adjustable foot (4) and roller (35) are housed under the body (25), are used to move, install.Be provided with in each groove (10) by driving mechanism drive rotatable and above be furnished with the leaf oar (11) of through hole; The power transmission shaft (46) of every leaf oar axle (47) axle head and body (25) both sides and bolster (41) adopt tongue-and-groove (45) and opening shaft (41) respectively and with axle sleeve (40), locate the removable quick change construction that securing member (39) connects, so that transmission, mounting or dismounting, cleaning.The blade outer edge that exports Na Genye oar (11) set in the groove (10) of that nearest half garden shape section of (28) apart from leachate is provided with elastic scraper or brush (7), and leachate outflow place of the groove (10) of this half garden shape section is provided with filters sieve aperture (38) and spout hole (37).When leaching operation, filtration sieve aperture (38) and spout hole (37) on continuous wiper groove (10) plate of elastic scraper on the leaf oar (11) or brush (7), smooth and easy in order to Separation of Solid and Liquid, unlikely obstruction.The groove (10) of each half garden shape section bottom is provided with and has drain mouthful (6) that drain valve in the body (25), can go up batch medicinal material feed liquid be drained fully.Body (25) is provided with the top that leachate exports an end (28) and is provided with feeding machanism (24), and this feeding machanism (24) is the vane type loader, also can be screw feeder etc.; Body (25) is provided with the other end that leaches solvent inlet (19) and is provided with slagging device (17), and this slagging device (17) is to comprise that several are furnished with the rotary-type elevator that the winnowing pan of through hole (18) is formed, and certainly, also can be bucket elevator, chain-plate type elevator etc.Particularly, be provided with ultrasonic transducer member (9) and heat exchange component (3) that can multiple energy supply in groove (10) bottom of half garden shape section, also can distinguish independent setting.Ultrasonic transducer member (9) adopts high performance piezoelectric ceramic wafer to make basic vibration source, and supersonic frequency is followed the tracks of rapidly, and the ultrasonic power output loading is big and lasting.Under the leaf oar (11) that is furnished with through hole that rotates promotes; Medicinal material particle in the cavity volume that forms between leaf oar (11) blade and groove (10) is the effective energy of constantly progressively balanced dump tank (10) baselap sound field all; Intensity is propagated the medicinal material feed liquid that identical ultrasonic energy covers the adverse current operation; Crude drug cell is constantly broken, under the Cmax difference situation that medicinal material and solvent continuous flow upstream are created and kept, leaches active ingredient accelerate dissolution, diffusion, displacement in the medicinal material.Heat exchange component (3) is the cavity that constitutes between groove (40) and the organism soleplate (8) of several half garden shape sections; Heat-conducting medium import (5) on it and outlet (12) are communicated with heater through pipeline, circulating pump (2) etc. and form heat exchange circulation system; When thermal sensitivity active ingredient need leaching under cryogenic conditions in the medicinal material, heater can be changed to refrigerating plant.Heat-conducting medium is a hot water, the heat-conducting medium import (5) of heat exchange component (3) and outlet (12) through pipeline, circulating pump connections such as (2) solar thermal collector (29), connect composition such as attemperater (30) the solar industry hot water cyclesystem of supplementary energy members (1) such as electrical heating.In the hot water circuit supply, attemperater is provided with automatic electrical heating and control device in (30), and when water temperature was higher than design temperature, electric heater unit did not start, and when water temperature was lower than design temperature, electric heater unit started automatically.General extraction temperature should be less than 80 ℃, and area matched when solar thermal collector, the electric heater unit power match had both made full use of solar energy source, guaranteed the hot water circuit supply again, satisfied the extract technology needs.According to actual conditions situation and extract technology requirement; Heat-conducting medium also can be conduction oil, chilled water etc.; Electric energy can be generating supplies such as wind energy, and electric heating tube and control device also can directly be set in the heat exchange component (3), and these exchanges all drop in protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 2 has provided another kind of continuous flow upstream that can multiple energy supply and has leached device; Its heat exchange component is sold cover (34) for groove (10) bottom of each half garden shape section is provided with Steam Heating, and this heating jacket (34) has steam inlet (31) and the condensation-water drain that is connected steam trap (33) (32).

Body of the present invention (25) is gone up the indirect steam outlet (21) that is provided with and is connected condenser (20) through pipeline.When the leaching solvent is organic solvent; The outlet (16) of slagging device (17) connects belt or the target formula drier (14) with heater (13), and the indirect steam outlet (15) that this drier (14) is provided with is communicated with condenser (20), like this; Can fully reclaim organic solvent; The dried dregs of a decoction of discharging are transported away or utilize, both practice thrift, and are free from environmental pollution again.When the leaching solvent was water, the outlet (16) of slagging device (17) connects pressed slag machine (36), and effect is similar.

Shown in Figure 5 is at the other removable hoisting apparatus (43) with suspender (44) that is provided with of body (25), is convenient to mounting or dismounting, cleans, and reduces labor intensity.

Claims

One kind can multiple energy supply continuous flow upstream leach device; The body (25) that has the groove (10) of several horizontally arranged and end to end semicircle shape sections to be formed in it comprises; Be provided with in said each groove (10) by driving mechanism drive rotatable and above be furnished with the leaf oar (11) of through hole; The top that said body (25) is provided with leachate outlet (28) one ends is provided with feeding machanism (24); Said body (25) is provided with the other end that leaches solvent inlet (19) and is provided with slagging device (17), it is characterized in that: the groove of said semicircle shape section (10) bottom is provided with ultrasonic transducer member (9) and/or heat exchange component (3) that can multiple energy supply.
2. continuous flow upstream that can multiple energy supply according to claim 1 leaches device; It is characterized in that: the cavity of said heat exchange component (3) for constituting between the groove (10) of several semicircle shape sections and organism soleplate (8), its heat-conducting medium import (5) and outlet (12) are communicated with heating through pipeline, circulating pump (2) etc. or refrigerating plant is formed heat exchange circulation system.
3. continuous flow upstream that can multiple energy supply according to claim 2 leaches device; It is characterized in that: when heat-conducting medium is hot water, the heat-conducting medium import (5) of said heat exchange component (3) and outlet (12) through pipeline, circulating pump connections such as (2) by solar thermal collector (29), connect the solar industry hot water cyclesystem that the attemperater (30) etc. of supplementary energy members (1) such as electrical heating is formed.
4. continuous flow upstream that can multiple energy supply according to claim 1 leaches device; It is characterized in that: said heat exchange component is provided with Steam Heating chuck (34) for groove (10) bottom of each semicircle shape section, and this heating jacket (34) has steam inlet (31) and the condensation-water drain that is connected steam trap (33) (32).
5. continuous flow upstream that can multiple energy supply according to claim 1 leaches device; It is characterized in that: said body (25) is provided with renovate (22), lamp window (23) and indirect steam with sealing strip and exports (21); Be provided with temperature control mouth (27) and Butterworth Hatch (26) in the body (25); The groove of said each semicircle shape section (10) bottom is provided with has drain mouthful (6) that drain valve; Said body (25) bottom is provided with adjustable foot (4) and roller (35), the other removable hoisting apparatus (43) with suspender (44) that is provided with of body (25).
6. continuous flow upstream that can multiple energy supply according to claim 1 leaches device, and it is characterized in that: indirect steam outlet (21) connects condenser (20) through pipeline.
7. continuous flow upstream that can multiple energy supply according to claim 1 leaches device; It is characterized in that: when the leaching solvent is organic solvent; The outlet (16) of slagging device (17) connects belt or the target formula drier (14) with heater (13); The indirect steam outlet (15) that this drier (14) is provided with is communicated with condenser (20), and when the leaching solvent was water, the outlet (16) of slagging device (17) connected the slag machine (36) of pressing.
8. continuous flow upstream that can multiple energy supply according to claim 1 leaches device, and it is characterized in that: said feeding machanism (24) be the vane type loader, and said slagging device (17) is the rotary-type elevator of winnowing pan (18) composition that includes through hole.
9. continuous flow upstream that can multiple energy supply according to claim 1 leaches device, it is characterized in that: the power transmission shaft (46) of said every leaf oar axle (47) and body (25) both sides and bolster (41) adopt respectively tongue-and-groove (45) and opening shaft (41) also with axle sleeve (40), locate the removable quick change construction that securing member (39) is connected.
10. continuous flow upstream that can multiple energy supply according to claim 1 leaches device; It is characterized in that: the blade outer edge that exports leaf oar (11) set in the groove (10) of that nearest semicircle shape section of (28) apart from said leachate is provided with elastic scraper or brush (7), and the top that the leachate of the groove of this semicircle shape section (10) flows out is provided with filters sieve aperture (38) and spout hole (37).