Background technology
Present treatment spleen-stomach deficiency-cold gastritis, the general employing: 1, omeprazole: 1. contraindication: to this medicine allergy sufferers, severe renal functional defect person, anemia of pregnant woman, infant patient's forbidding.2. careful usefulness: liver, renal insufficiency person, women breast-feeding their children, gerontal patient Ying Shenyong.3. common adverse reactions be diarrhoea, headache, feel sick, stomachache, flatulence and constipation, accidental serum aminotransferase increases, erythra, dizzy, drowsiness, insomnia etc.; It is thus clear that chest pain, cardiopalmus, tachycardia or slow excessively, hypertension, periphery edema.It is thus clear that microscopic pyuria, albuminuria, hematuria, frequent micturition, urinary system infection, interstitial nephritis, glucose in urine, orchiodynia.It is thus clear that hemolytic anemia.It is thus clear that erubescence, drying.Rare heliosensitivity, erythema multiforme, Stevens Johnson syndrome, toxicity epidermal necrolysis, alopecia.Rare blurred vision.Rare perspiration increases, hyponatremia, gynecomastia.Rare arthralgia, myalgia, muscular strength weaken.Rare leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis and pancytopenia.2, ranitidine: 1. contraindication: to this medicine and other H
2Receptor antagonist allergy sufferers, anemia of pregnant woman, women breast-feeding their children, the forbidding of child below 8 years old.2. careful usefulness: liver, renal insufficiency person, acute hematoporphyria person, the careful usefulness of old people.3. can occur headache, dizzy, weak, obnubilation, mental act unusually, insomnia etc.; Mental symptoms such as disorientation, drowsiness, anxiety appear in liver, renal insufficiency person and gerontal patient after accidental the taking medicine; A small amount of generation blurred vision is arranged; Constipation, diarrhoea occur, feel sick, vomit, suffer from abdominal pain; Erythra can occur, only a few generation erythema multiforme is arranged; Rare arthralgia, myalgia; Rare anaphylactic reaction shows as rubella, vasodilation, heating, bronchospasm, hypotension, anaphylactic shock, chest pain etc.; Life-time service can cause vitamin B
12Lack, male breast is womanlike rare; Cause that renal dysfunction etc., quiet notes rear section patient fever sensation of the face sense, dizziness can occur, feel sick, perspiration and gastric irritation.4. this medicine has certain toxicity to liver, so in the administration process, should monitor the patients with hepatic changes of function.When 5. vein gave this medicine, bradycardia can appear.So should be slow during quiet notes, and should make regular check on electrocardiogram in the medication process.6. this medicine has certain inhibitory action to bone marrow, and moderate leukocyte of reversibility or granulocytopenia can take place small number of patients, and the thrombocytopenia of appearance and autoimmune hemolytic anemia are also arranged.3, bismuth potassium citrate: 1. contraindication: to this medicine allergy sufferers, severe renal functional defect, anemia of pregnant woman patient's forbidding.2. careful usefulness: hepatic disfunction person, child, the careful usefulness of women breast-feeding their children.3. small number of patients can have slight headache, dizziness, insomnia etc.; Erythra can appear in individual patient; Possibly have ammonia flavor in mouthful, and tongue, feces can be dyed black, be prone to obscure mutually with tarry stool; Can occur when individual patient is taken feeling sick, symptom of digestive tract such as diarrhoea, constipation, loss of appetite, diarrhoea.4. long-term large dose oral administration possibly cause Toxicity of Kidney, causes the reversibility renal failure, and with 10 days in outbreak, should make regular check on renal function.5. the untoward reaction of the skeleton relevant osteoarthritis of bismuth encephalopathy (HIE) more commonly is a premonitory symptom with one-sided or both shoulders pain often.4, aluminium hydroxide: 1. contraindication: strong basicity digestive juice secretion deficiency or acatharsia person, fracture patient, hypophosphatemia patient such as bile, pancreatic juice are arranged and the aluminium hydroxide allergy sufferers is forbidden.2. careful usefulness: the careful usefulness of acute abdomen patient such as renal insufficiency person, prolonged constipation person, old people, appendicitis.3. can cause nausea, symptom such as vomiting, constipation.Take in a large number for a long time, can cause serious constipation, even the coproma piece causes intestinal obstruction.4. patients with renal failure is taken for a long time and can be caused encephalopathy, dementia and small cell anemia etc.5, cimetidine: 1. contraindication: anemia of pregnant woman, women breast-feeding their children's forbidding.2. careful usefulness: serious heart and respiratory system disease, chronic inflammatory disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) (SLE), encephalosis, renal function injury, hepatic insufficiency, the careful usefulness of child.3. more common untoward reaction has diarrhoea, dizziness, weak, headache and erythra etc.; The useful agents amount can cause gynaecomastia, women's galactorrhea, hyposexuality, sexual impotence, sperm count minimizing etc. when big, can pass through blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, has certain neurotoxicity.Accidental abalienation, the rare untoward reaction of these article has: anaphylaxis, heating, arthralgia, myalgia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, interstitial nephritis, hepatotoxicity, bradycardia, tachycardia etc.6, famotidine: 1. contraindication: to this medicine allergy sufferers, severe renal functional defect person, anemia of pregnant woman, women breast-feeding their children's forbidding.2. careful usefulness: drug allergy history, liver, renal insufficiency person, infant Ying Shenyong are arranged.3. can cause constipation, nausea,vomiting,diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, xerostomia, inappetence, parotitis and dysgeusia; Period in a medicine, the detection index of liver function can raise; Most headache rare has dizziness, confusion, anxiety, paraesthesia, depression, insomnia, general lassitude is unable and drowsiness etc., and rare neutrophilic granulocyte reduces and thrombocytopenia, the eosinophilia, and rare libido reduces; Rare erythra, urticaria, alopecia, acne, pruritus, xerosis cutis and flushing; Rare cardiopalmus, bradycardia, atrioventricular block, increased blood pressure, menoxenia should be monitored electrocardiogram and changed during the medication; Rare toxic epidermal necrolysis; Rare hallucination, epilepsy grand mal, medication should be noted patient's clinical manifestation; Can cause tinnitus; Musculoskeletal pain comprises muscle cramp and arthralgia; Can cause pars orbitalis edema, facial edema, conjunctival congestion, vasodilation, drug fever, urticaria and erythra etc.7, rabeprazole: 1. contraindication: anemia of pregnant woman, women breast-feeding their children's forbidding.2. careful usefulness: anaphylaxis or other untoward reaction persons, the patient of liver dysfunction were taken place once when previously using medicine such as lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, gerontal patient Ying Shen uses this medicine.3. visible light-sensitive property reaction, erythra, pruritus, edema, visual disorder, myalgia, rhinitis.It is thus clear that xerostomia, abdominal distention, stomachache are accidentally felt sick, vomiting, constipation, diarrhoea.Rare cardiopalmus, bradycardia, chest pain.It is thus clear that dizzy, limbs fatigue, insensitive, accidental headache, rare insomnia, sleepy, grip are low, inarticulateness, lurch.Accidental blood urea nitrogen raises, albuminuria.4. use this medicine can cause erythrocyte, lymphopenia, leukopenia or increase symptoms such as EC, neutrophilic leukocytosis.5. use this medicine can cause phenomenons such as propylhomoserin aminotransferase, Aspartic Acid aminotransferase, alkali phosphatase STB, T-CHOL rising.6. use this medicine might cover the gastric cancer symptom, so should on the basis of getting rid of malignant tumor, use this medicine.8, atropine: 1. contraindication: to this medicine or the not anti-receptor of other Semen daturae Alkaloids, glaucoma and prostate increase person, hyperpyrexia patient, acute penta sodium pentachlorophenate poisoner, myasthenia gravis patient.2. careful usefulness: patient, patients of ulcerative colitis, cerebral lesion person, diarrhea patient, gastric ulcer patient, the fever patient Ying Shenyong of illness such as the hypomotility of heart disease patient, reflux esophagitis, stomach pyloric obstruction, esophagus and stomach, relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter.3. common constipation, the minimizing of perspiring, mouth and nose dry laryngopharynx, blurred vision, erubescence, dysuria, low, the stomach-esophageal reflux of digestive tract power.Rare intraocular pressure rising, allergic rash or herpes.Can occur the dry heating of skin mucosa, flush, tachycardia, blurred vision, of short duration eye burn feeling and twinge, photophobia, eyelid swelled etc. behind the ophthalmic administration, anaphylaxiss such as pruritus, redness, conjunctival congestion appear in the small number of patients eyelid.4. xerostomia, heart rate acceleration, pupil slightly enlarge; Blurred vision; Slurred speech, dysphoria, xerosis cutis heating, urine difficulty, enterokinesia reduce; Rapid pulse and a little less than, the serious accelerated breathing of central excitation phenomenon is deepened, and delirium, hallucination, convulsions etc. occur; Can change inhibition over to by central excitation during serious the poisoning, produce stupor and respiratory paralysis etc.The minimum lethal dose (MLD) adult is about 80 ~ 130mg, and the child is 10mg.9, domperidone: 1. contraindication: pheochromocytoma patient, patient with breast cancer, mechanical intestinal obstruction patient, gastrointestinal hemorrhage patient and anemia of pregnant woman's forbidding.2. careful usefulness: infant below 1 years old, allergic constitution person, cardiac or hypokalemia patient and accept the careful usefulness of tumor patient of chemotherapy.3. accidental headache, dizziness, drowsiness, asthenia, nervousness etc., EPS, epilepsy etc., visible abdominal cramps property pain, xerostomia, diarrhoea; Use can cause the non-lactation period lactogenic than heavy dose, arrhythmia can occur, accidental evanescent eruption or pruritus.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned shortcoming, the objective of the invention is to invent a kind of Chinese medicinal preparation method of treating spleen-stomach deficiency-cold gastritis.Gastric abscess is claimed in stomachache again, is that with upper abdomen gastral cavilty portion nearly pit of the stomach place pain often to take place be main symptom.Say like " element is asked the hexa-atomic big opinion piece of writing of just recording ": " strongly fragrant the sending out of wood, the sick epigastralgia right below the heart of the people." " Ling Shu Miraculous Pivot or Divine Axis pathogen cacosplanchnia shape " piece of writing point out: " the stomach patient, the abdomen moon is very bloated, epigastralgia right below the heart." " the pained side of medical secrets of official " say: " the foot sun is bright be the warp of stomach, and the deficiency of vital energy is contrary takes advantage of the heart and pain, and its shape abdominal distention belongs to the heart and bitterly very.The epigastralgia of meaning also." the pained gastric abscess that all is meant here.So-called epigastric oppression in treatise on Febrile Diseases, feeling soft in the abdomen while pressing, or epigastric oppression, the pain of pressing etc., the real stomach that all refers to.Saying of ancient prescription nine types of precordial pain also refers to stomachache more." medical science main story gastric abscess " also said: " the ancient prescription nine types of precordial pain ... detailed its reason.All at gastral cavilty, and do not lie in the heart in fact yet.”
Etiology and pathogenesis: taste are barn organs, main being received and transporting and transforming nutrients from foodstuff, if irregular diet, or overstrain, or the prolonged illness taste are injured etc., all can cause the spleen YANG deficiency, and deficiency-cold in middle-JIAO, or stomach-Yin is impaired loses it and moistens and support and pain takes place.In addition, clothes cold and cool medicine and cause Deficiency and coldness of spleen and stomach and pain person was also arranged, so " card control converge the reinforcing the heart side of choosing bitterly " has: the saying of " the clothes medicine of trembling with fear is too much, causes weakness of the spleen and stomach, and gastral cavilty is had a pain ".
Clinical manifestation: stomachache is indistinct, likes warm pain relieved by pressing, and pain of empty stomach very must be eaten alleviation of pain, general vomiting watery fluid, and poor appetite, spiritlessness and weakness, hands and feet being not warm very then, big loose stool is thin, pale tongue with white fur, deficient and weak pulse or slow.
Its technical scheme is: get Radix Ginseng 9 weight portions, lacto 9 weight portions, Fructus Jujubae 9 weight portions, Rhizoma Dioscoreae 6 weight portions, Semen Tritici aestivi 9 weight portions, Radix Pseudostellariae 9 weight portions, Gallus Domesticus 9 weight portions, Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae 6 weight portions, Arillus Longan 6 weight portions, the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae 6 weight portions, Radix Paeoniae Alba 9 weight portions, Radix Panacis Quinquefolii 3 weight portions, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 3 weight portions, Semen Nelumbinis 6 weight portions, Radix Codonopsis 6 weight portions, Fructus Alpiniae Oxyphyllae 3 weight portions, the Radix Astragali 30 weight portions, Rhizoma Polygonati 6 weight portions, Semen oryzae sativae 9 weight portions, Nidus collocaliae 9 weight portions, Rhizoma Zingiberis 3 weight portions, Fructus Myricae rubrae 6 weight portions, Semen Raphani 12 weight portions, Fructus Caricae 3 weight portions, Rhizoma Iridis Tectori 9 weight portions, Radix Dauci Sativae 12 weight portions, Semen Fagopyri Esculenti 12 weight portions, Massa Medicata Fermentata 9 weight portion 、 Cydonia oblonga 12 weight portions, maltose 9 weight portions, Mel 9 weight portions and Radix Glycyrrhizae 9 weight portions; Above 32 flavor Chinese medicines are put into 1800 ml waters; Soaked 35 minutes; Slow fire is fried 30 minutes then; Filter and remove residue; Boil medicine altogether 360 milliliters of liquid, fried medicinal liquid is the Chinese medicine of treatment spleen-stomach deficiency-cold gastritis.
The advantage of this invention is: we's 32 flavor Chinese medicines, all can buy in pharmacy, and to make simply, the herb liquid toxic and side effects of processing is little, short treating period, cure rate is high.Monarch, just right.When using Chinese medicine, untoward reaction, anaphylaxis and the toxic reaction of having avoided Western medicine to cause.Radix Ginseng, lacto, Fructus Jujubae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Semen Tritici aestivi, Radix Pseudostellariae, Gallus Domesticus, Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, Arillus Longan, the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Panacis Quinquefolii, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Semen Nelumbinis, Radix Codonopsis, Fructus Alpiniae Oxyphyllae, the Radix Astragali, Rhizoma Polygonati, Semen oryzae sativae, Nidus collocaliae, Rhizoma Zingiberis, more than 21 flavor medical instruments QI invigorating emergency treatment of collapse, strengthening the spleen and nourishing the stomach, warm spleen cold expelling are arranged, control the effect of weakness of the spleen and stomach, invigorating the spleen and replenishing QI.In the process of treatment spleen-stomach deficiency-cold gastritis, play main therapeutical effect, so be monarch drug.Fructus Myricae rubrae, Semen Raphani, Fructus Caricae, Rhizoma Iridis Tectori, Radix Dauci Sativae, Semen Fagopyri Esculenti, Massa Medicata Fermentata 、 Cydonia oblonga, more than 8 flavor medical instruments invigorating the spleen and regulating the stomach is arranged, the effect of the removing food stagnancy that whets the appetite, the pain relieving that helps digestion.Can bring into play therapeutical effect by auxiliary principal agent, so be ministerial drug.Maltose, Mel have slow in pain relieving, QI invigorating tonify deficiency, the effect of promoting the production of body fluid and moisturizing, the through focus of all medicines of energy rate is so be adjuvant drug.Radix Glycyrrhizae: sweet, flat.Go into 12 warps.The spleen reinforcing lung moistening, Yiqi and vein recovery, relieving spasm to stop pain, heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, the mediation property of medicine.The bias of all medicines can be entangled, the toxicity of all medicines can be alleviated again, so be messenger drug.Radix Ginseng, lacto, Fructus Jujubae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Semen Tritici aestivi, Radix Pseudostellariae, Gallus Domesticus, Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, Arillus Longan, the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Panacis Quinquefolii, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Semen Nelumbinis, Radix Codonopsis, Fructus Alpiniae Oxyphyllae, the Radix Astragali, Rhizoma Polygonati, Semen oryzae sativae, Nidus collocaliae, Rhizoma Zingiberis, Fructus Myricae rubrae, Semen Raphani, Fructus Caricae, Rhizoma Iridis Tectori, Radix Dauci Sativae, Semen Fagopyri Esculenti, Massa Medicata Fermentata 、 Cydonia oblonga, maltose, Mel, Radix Glycyrrhizae; This 32 flavor medicine compatibility is used, and plays QI invigorating emergency treatment of collapse, strengthening the spleen and nourishing the stomach, warm spleen cold expelling jointly, controls the effect of weakness of the spleen and stomach, invigorating the spleen and replenishing QI, appetizing removing food stagnancy, the pain relieving that helps digestion.Monarch, compatibility is proper, is the optimum formula of treatment spleen-stomach deficiency-cold gastritis.Radix Ginseng: sweet, little hardship, temperature.Go into spleen, lung two warps.The QI invigorating emergency treatment of collapse, calm the nerves throb with fear surely, train fill blood, helping inspiration to relieve asthma, promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst, invigorating the spleen and replenishing QI, kidney tonifying complement, strengthening body resistance and dispelling evil.Lacto: sweet, salty, flat.Go into the heart, lung, stomach three warps.QI replenishing and blood tonifying, nourshing Yin and drynsessmoistening prescription, nourishing blood for regulating menstruation, the treatment skin ulcer strengthens the spleen and stomach, subsides a swelling.Fructus Jujubae: sweet, warm.Go into spleen, stomach two warps.Invigorating the spleen and replenishing QI, nourishing blood to tranquillize the mind, the mitigation property of medicine.Rhizoma Dioscoreae: sweet, flat.Go into spleen, lung, kidney three warps.Strengthening the spleen and nourishing the stomach, the kidney invigorating arresting seminal emission, replenishing and restoring lung-QI, treatment arthralgia due to stagnation of blood resistance network, emergency detoxifcation.Semen Tritici aestivi: sweet, cold.Go into the heart, spleen, kidney three warps.Strengthening the spleen, clearing heat and moistening dryness, styptic powder blood nourish heart.Radix Pseudostellariae: sweet, little hardship, tepor.Go into spleen, lung two warps.Mend strengthening spleen and lung, supplementing QI for promoting the production of body fluid.Gallus Domesticus: sweet, flat.Go into liver, kidney two warps.Yin nourishing is brought down a fever.Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae: sweet, flat, nontoxic.Go into stomach, kidney two warps.Benefit kidney and replenishing marrow and stomach and alleviating pain.Arillus Longan: sweet, warm.Go into the heart, spleen two warps.Invigorating the heart and spleen, nourishing blood to tranquillize the mind, nourishing the lung to arrest cough.The Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae: bitter, sweet, temperature.Go into spleen, stomach two warps.Air making-up and spleen enlivening, drying dampness to eliminate phlegm, diuretic detumescent, expelling wind and cold, strengthening superficial resistance to stop perspiration, QI invigorating are antiabortive.Radix Paeoniae Alba: bitter, sour, be slightly cold.Go into liver, spleen two warps.Nourishing blood to suppress the hyperactive liver, astringing YIN to stop sweating, slow middle pain relieving, suppressing liver-YANG.Radix Panacis Quinquefolii: hot, sweet, bitter, cold.Go into the heart, lung, stomach, kidney, the large intestine Five Classics.QI invigorating tonifying YIN, clearing away heat and promoting production of body fluid, clearing away heat to stop bleeding.Radix Angelicae Sinensis: hot, sweet, temperature.Go into the heart, liver, spleen, lung four warps.Nourish blood and blood, promoting blood circulation and stopping pain, nourishing blood for regulating menstruation, loosening bowel to relieve constipation, sending down the abnormal ascending QI cough-relieving treatment headache, fever due to internal injury.Semen Nelumbinis: sweet, puckery, flat.Go into the heart, spleen, kidney three warps.Spleen reinforcing antidiarrheal, kidney tonifying end something lost, tranquilizing by nourishing the heart.Radix Codonopsis: sweet, flat.Go into lung, spleen two warps.Replenishing QI to invigorate the spleen, supplementing QI for promoting the production of body fluid, QI invigorating heat extraction.Fructus Alpiniae Oxyphyllae: suffering, temperature.Go into spleen, stomach two warps.Warm spleen cold expelling, the kidney warming tonify deficiency.The Radix Astragali: sweet, tepor, nontoxic.Go into lung, spleen two warps.Tonifying Qi and lifting yang, hemostasis by invigorating QI, QI invigorating row stagnate, blood stasis removing eliminating stagnation, benefiting QI for strengthening the superficies, QI invigorating tonifying YIN, inducing diuresis to remove edema, warming the interior cold expelling, pus expelling by strengthening vital QI granulation promoting, strong body constitution, life lengthening.Rhizoma Polygonati: sweet, flat, nontoxic.Go into spleen, lung, kidney three warps.Control deficiency of lung-YIN cough, control pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis, beneficial able-bodied muscles and bones, control interior-heat and quench one's thirst, control weakness of the spleen and stomach.Semen oryzae sativae: sweet, flat.Go into spleen, stomach two warps.Invigorating the spleen and replenishing QI, invigorating spleen to remove dampness.Nidus collocaliae: sweet, flat, salty, little poison.Go into the heart, lung, spleen, stomach, the kidney Five Classics.Nourishing YIN and moistening the lung, QI invigorating invigorating middle warmer.Rhizoma Zingiberis: hot, hot.Go into spleen, stomach, lung three warps.Warming middle-JIAO by cold, recuperating depleted YANG is promoted blood circulation, the expectorant therapeutic method to keep the adverse QI flowing downwards, warming the lung to resolve fluid-retention, warming the meridian for stopping bleeding, control carbuncle from the beginning of.Fructus Myricae rubrae: sweet, sour, temperature.Go into spleen, stomach, liver three warps.YIN nourishing and the production of body fluid promoting, stomach function regulating help digestion.Semen Raphani: hot, sweet, flat.Go into spleen, stomach warp.Promoting digestion and removing stagnation, lowering the adverse-rising QI to relieve dyspnea, expectorant antitussive.Fructus Caricae: sweet, flat.Go into spleen, stomach warp.The pain relieving that helps digestion, the row water conservancy is wet.Rhizoma Iridis Tectori: hot, bitter, cold, poisonous.Go into lung, liver, spleen channel.Promoting digestion and removing stagnation, blood circulation promoting and blood stasis dispelling, line water detumescence, heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, suppressing the hyperactive liver are only dizzy.Radix Dauci Sativae: sweet, hot, flat.Go into lung, spleen, stomach, kidney channel.Invigorating the spleen and regulating the stomach, relieving dyspepsia, warming the kidney to invigorate YANG, detoxifcation rash, nourishing the lung to arrest cough.Semen Fagopyri Esculenti: sweet, acid, cold.Go into spleen, stomach, large intestine channel.The appetizing removing food stagnancy, skin ulcer is treated in detoxifcation.Massa Medicata Fermentata: sweet, suffering, temperature.Go into spleen, stomach warp.The treatment diseases caused by exogenous pathogenic factor are got ill from overeating, dyspeptic vomiting and diarrhea, insufficiency of the spleen distension, galactopoiesis in puerperal, removing food stagnancy dysentery relieving, therapeutic method to keep the adverse QI flowing downwards expectorant.Cydonia oblonga: hot, acid, sweet, temperature.Go into spleen, stomach warp.The therapeutic method to keep the adverse QI flowing downwards helps digestion, and deodorization is relieved the effect of alcohol.Maltose: sweet, temperature.Go into spleen, stomach, lung three warps.Pain relieving, QI invigorating tonify deficiency in slow, promote the production of body fluid moisturize, main tonify deficiency lacks, disappears ossified thorn.Mel: sweet, flat.Go into lung, spleen, large intestine three warps.Invigorating the spleen and replenishing QI, relieving spasm to stop pain, nourishing the lung to arrest cough, loosening bowel to relieve constipation.Radix Glycyrrhizae: sweet, flat.Go into 12 warps.The spleen reinforcing lung moistening, Yiqi and vein recovery, relieving spasm to stop pain, heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, the mediation property of medicine.