CN102363578A - Ceramic binder for steel ball grinding wheel - Google Patents
Ceramic binder for steel ball grinding wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102363578A CN102363578A CN2010105170320A CN201010517032A CN102363578A CN 102363578 A CN102363578 A CN 102363578A CN 2010105170320 A CN2010105170320 A CN 2010105170320A CN 201010517032 A CN201010517032 A CN 201010517032A CN 102363578 A CN102363578 A CN 102363578A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a structure of a grinding material composited with a novel high-shrinkage engineering ceramic binder for the preparation of a grinding wheel and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method is characterized in that: the high-strength high-shrinkage engineering ceramic binder which is prepared from clay, feldspar, boracic glass, bentonite and manganite is composited with the mixed grinding material, the opacifying effect of the boracic glass promotes the glass nucleation, fluxing agents bentonite and manganite powder promote the preparation of the high-strength high-shrinkage engineering ceramic structure, and the ceramic binder for the steel ball grinding wheel is prepared through carrying out cold-press high-pressure molding, and sintering at a certain temperature. Compared with market products, the strength, the combination degree, the elastic modulus and the linear velocity in usage of the steel ball grinding wheel are greatly improved, the geometric dimension of the steel ball grinding wheel is stable, the steel ball grinding wheel which has a high strength, a high hardness and a uniform tissue density and has the advantages of large grinding ratio, high fineness and no workpiece burning under high speed grinding conditions is a special grinding wheel for a novel high efficiency steel ball. So the steel ball grinding wheel can be widely applied to the mechanical steel ball manufacturing industry and is easy to be automated in the industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ceramic bond abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Emery wheel is the important tool in the mechanical workout, and it relies on wedding agent that the abrasive material of loose granule shape is combined.Owing to receives bigger surging force during wheel grinding, and need high speed rotating, thereby its intensity is to ensure safety and the prerequisite of effectively using; Steel ball is the vitals of modern mechanical industrial equipments; Improve the removing material quality of processing steel ball emery wheel, promote the technology progress of steel ball manufacturing enterprise, promote that industry development is particularly important; The wedding agent that in the past prepared abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball has pottery, glass etc., wherein is maximum with the ceramic bond.Therefore used ceramic bond is mainly glass or pottery, has that sintering temperature is high, intensity is low, and toughness is lower, and hardness is inhomogeneous, is prone to the burn workpiece, shortcomings such as emery wheel scrap rate height, and efficient and the quality level that the steel ball of modern industry is produced is made in restriction.
Summary of the invention
A kind of ceramic bond abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball, the polycrystalline solid material structure of its glass and crystal coexistence has been concentrated the premium properties of glass with pottery; High, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant etc. like physical strength, its wedding agent adopts clay, feldspar, boron-containing glass, wilkinite, and manganite is processed HS high shrinkage engineering ceramics wedding agent; Combine with the made from mixed materials grinding material again, adopt specific technological forming, burn till; Form and mix removing material and possess the glassy phase high-strength ceramic composite structure of little pore, thereby increase substantially the intensity and the conjugation of abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball, improve the use LV of emery wheel; SF has HS, high firmness; Tissue density is even, and is highly polished, and grinding ratio is big; Under the high-speed grinding condition,, the workpiece of not burning is ground to and is easy to the sector robotization thereby increasing substantially the quality minimizing of mill steel ball manufacturing.
Prepare this abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball, except that the glassy phase stupalith of selecting suitable removing material and clay feldspar boron glass, also need select suitable flux wilkinite and manganite powder.
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is that with 3.5% manganite powder, 7% wilkinite and clay, feldspar, boron glass engineering ceramics and made from mixed materials removing material are compound; This wedding agent in the ceramic bond abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball, is processed high-density blank as structural material applications under the large-tonnage forming pressure, molding mass behind ageing mixture, high-pressure molding; At 1250 ℃ of sintering, and 780 ℃ of-800 ℃ of crystallization, under the high temperature; The happy and harmonious state sintering in emery wheel blank place; By boron glass, wilkinite, the wedding agent and the removing material vigorous reaction of the HS high shrinkage engineering ceramics wedding agent characteristic that manganite is formed, special-purpose firing process makes sic, AI2O3 and this wedding agent in the grinding material fully react; Quantitative and qualitative shrinks; Shrinking percentage reaches as high as 10%, forms to mix removing material and the glassy phase high-strength ceramic composite structure that possesses little pore, makes dense structure's high firmness glassy phase pottery abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball.
One of technical scheme of the present invention is that the wedding agent of said emery wheel and the prescription of molding mass and preparation method are:
(1) preparation basic ceramic bond the weight percent raw material have:
Feldspar 26.0%, boron glass 3.0%,
Clay 10.5%, wilkinite 7.0%,
Manganite 3.5%,
(2) the weight percent raw material of preparation ceramic bond abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball has: (basic components)
1, A sand 30% 2, GC or C sand 20%
3, wedding agent 50%
4, water glass 2.5ml/kg 5, water 6～7ml/kg
Water and water glass add-on are calculated with abrasive material and wedding agent siccative gross weight radix and are added.
Two of technical scheme of the present invention is, with HS high shrinkage engineering ceramics wedding agent, with moulding, the firing process of made from mixed materials grinding material composite structure.
(3) preparation process:
1) basic ceramic bond step of preparation process:
A. take by weighing feldspar, boron glass manganite raw material by above-mentioned prescription, the Place grinding machine mixes, ball milling time: 1h, and ball mill capacity 200L feeding quantity 60Kg abrading-ball specification and quantity: ￠ 8-18mm 600-700Kg,
B. with above-mentioned ball milling material and clay powder, wilkinite, put bell shape mixer capacity 500L feeding quantity 150-200Kg, mixing time: 10-20min sieves, and crosses screen size: 46-60#, makes basic ceramic bond;
2) molding mass step of preparation process:
A. take by weighing water, the water glass that A abrasive material, GC or C abrasive material add water temperature >=90 ℃ by above-mentioned prescription, put and mix wheel sth. made by twisting formula mixer mixings 5min, after mixing, add load weighted wedding agent, mix the 45min. discharging after, cross 14# and sieve.
B, sealing, shelving 48 hours is crossed the 8-10# sieve, makes molding mass, and subsequent use, moisture controlled gets the compound material of final molding of emery wheel at 4.8-5.2%.
3) finished product preparation process:
Coldmoulding-→ dry-→ burn till-→ precision work-→ check-→ warehouse-in
A; Moulding: molding procedure is the process with powdery abrasive tool moulding primary solidification; With the molding mass that mixes according to certain substance; With mold pressing typing pressurization, process the heavy-load abraded steel billet emery wheel of the high speed resin work in-process of all size, the quality of grinding tool blank should meet the regulation of grinding tool work in-process technical qualification.
This operation mainly adopts compression molding, makes molding mass uniform distribution in touching tool, the upper and lower surface uniform-compression, and it is even to reach the grinding tool green density, conforms to quality requirements.On 1500 tons of abrasive wheel forming press, use coldmoulding; Settle required grinding wheel die by the moulding of following basic moulding substance at abrasive wheel forming unit worktable, forming pressure: 17.5Mpa exerts pressure at twice; Be the 1/4-1/3 of total pressure for the first time; Remove the grinding tool parallels then, exert pressure, and kept 1 minute by total pressure.
| Specification: | ?800×100×290 | 800×100×360 | 800×100×450 |
| Substance: | ?136Kg | 124.6Kg | 106Kg |
B, drying: seasoning, different by season, 2-4 days, high temperature drying is dry carried out dry 48 hours by fine granularity technology with 40-60 ℃.Base substrate is after drying, and the combustion gas calcining kiln of packing into burns till at 1350 ℃.
C, burn till heating curve and for burning till heating curve be:
(1) directly be warming up to 80 ℃ (2) and be warming up to 500 ℃ with 30 ℃/h,
(3), be warming up to 950 ℃ with 40 ℃/h, (4) reach 1250 ℃ with 15 ℃/h,
(5) insulation 8h; (6) be quickly cooled to 800 ℃, insulation 1.5-2h
(7) naturally cooling is opened wicket below 100 ℃.
D, realize glassy micro-crystalline ceramic crystal nucleus form and make it with grinding grain factor graph in evenly to combine composite molding be qualified ceramic bond abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball, qualified ceramic bond abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball needs to check through precision work.
Below the present invention made further specify:
The present invention is that a kind of special molding mass is made emery wheel; To make a kind of certain crystalline ceramic bond in advance; Process molding mass to this wedding agent with abrasive material by weight percentage then,, process vitrified bonded grinding wheel to it with different pressure with the method for colding pressing.Make emery wheel and want pre-determined grinding performance to select abrasive material, the density of the blank of emery wheel and modulus of elasticity are confirmed the grinding capacity of emery wheel.According to design requirements, need the per-cent of change abrasive material and wedding agent (comprising stopping composition) weight.The per-cent of abrasive material that basic components according to the present invention is suitable and wedding agent (comprising stopping composition) weight just can obtain certain void content; Certain modulus of elasticity and expection ground effect; Can directly use after this emery wheel burns till, get final product and need not process or process a little.
The present invention is the compound engineering ceramics structure of an a kind of HS high-performance removing material, and specification is 800 * 100 * 290,800 * 100 * 360; 800 * 100 * 450, with 3.5% manganite powder, 7% wilkinite and clay, feldspar, boron glass engineering ceramics and made from mixed materials removing material are compound; This wedding agent in the ceramic bond abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball, is processed high-density blank as structural material applications under the large-tonnage forming pressure, molding mass behind ageing mixture, high-pressure molding; At 1250 ℃ of sintering, and 780 ℃ of-800 ℃ of crystallization, under the high temperature; The happy and harmonious state sintering in emery wheel blank place; By boron glass, wilkinite, the wedding agent and the removing material vigorous reaction of the HS high shrinkage engineering ceramics wedding agent characteristic that manganite is formed, special-purpose firing process makes sic, AI203 and this wedding agent in the grinding material fully react; Quantitative and qualitative shrinks; Shrinking percentage reaches as high as 10%, forms to mix removing material and the glassy phase high-strength ceramic composite structure that possesses little pore, makes dense structure's high firmness glassy phase pottery abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball.
The polycrystalline solid material structure of its glass of the present invention and crystal coexistence has been concentrated the premium properties of glass with pottery, high like physical strength, like wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, good in oxidation resistance, electrical properties is good, the coefficient of expansion is adjustable, Heat stability is good etc.Thereby increase substantially the intensity and the conjugation of abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball, improve the use LV of emery wheel, SF, its characteristics: geometrical dimension is stable, and linear shrinkage ratio is 8～9%, and density can reach 3.3g/cm
3Good toughness, modulus of elasticity can reach 180 dyne/cm
2, durability improves 50% than plain wheel, and firing temperature is low; Energy-conservation, product processing is simple or exempt from processing, has HS; High firmness, uniform formation of tissue density density is even, under the high-speed grinding condition; Grinding ratio is big, is ground to and is easy to the sector robotization thereby the workpiece of not burning increases substantially the quality minimizing of mill steel ball manufacturing.
Embodiment
One, the ceramic bond starting material of emery wheel and technical qualification proportion of raw materials scope thereof:
1, feldspar: granularity: all through the 100# sieve, through 240# sieve>=98%, moisture content :≤1%;
2, clay: granularity: all through the 100# sieve, through 240# sieve>=98%, moisture content :≤1%;
3, boron glass: color and luster: white, inclusion-free, boracic>=28.5%, moisture :≤1%;
Granularity: all through the 100# sieve, through 240# sieve >=96%,
4, sodium bentonite: Ca-Benton+Na+--->Na-Benton+Ca2, smectite>=60-88 (%) pH value 8.9-10, expansion capacity: 25-50ml/g; Colloid index:>=99ml/15g; 2h water-intake rate: 250-350%, green compression strength:>=0.23 (Mpa) inhales blue amount>=80mmol/g; Na2O>=1.28, moisture :≤1%;
5, manganite powder: MnO2>=65%, moisture :≤1% granularity 325 orders＞98%,
Take by weighing feldspar, boron glass, manganite raw material according to above-mentioned prescription, the Place mill mixes, ball milling time: 1h, and ball mill capacity 200L feeding quantity 60Kg abrading-ball specification and quantity: ￠ 8-18mm 600-700Kg,
B. with above-mentioned ball milling material and clay powder wilkinite, put conical mixer capacity 500L feeding quantity 150-200Kg, mixing time: 10-20min sieves, and crosses screen size: 46-60#, gets the uniform basic ceramic bond of ball mill mixing;
6, brown corundum fine powder; Granularity: the 100# screen overflow is 0, on the 170# sieve≤9%; Under the 170#A sieve～and 270# screen overflow>=45%, 270# screen underflow 35%-50%. Chemical Composition: AI2O3>=92%, magnetic thing≤0.035%; Moisture content :≤0.5%;
7, (granularity: the 100# screen overflow is 0 to silit for GC, C) A, on the 170# sieve≤18%; Under the 170# sieve～and 270# screen overflow>=42%, Chemical Composition: SiC>=96%, magnetic thing≤0.035%, moisture content :≤0.5%;
8, water glass: a, density: 1.35-1.4g/cm
3B, modulus: 2.4-2.8, c, free silica, 10g water glass is dissolved in the 250ml water, leave standstill 24 hours after, throw out≤1.5%;
The finished product preparation process:
Two, wedding agent, molding mass preparation process:
Take by weighing various raw materials according to prescription shown in the last table, A abrasive material, GC or C abrasive material are put mixed in the wheel sth. made by twisting formula mixer, start mixer, add water, the water glass of water temperature >=90 ℃, mix 5min, after mixing; Add load weighted wedding agent, after the mixing 45min. discharging, cross the 14# sieve.Sealing, shelving 48 hours is crossed the 8-10# sieve, makes molding mass, and is subsequent use, and moisture controlled is at 4.8-5.2%,
Three, step of preparation process:
1,1500 tons of abrasive wheel forming units coldmoulding: settle required grinding wheel die at the shaping machine set worktable, by the moulding of regulation moulding substance, forming pressure: 17.5Mpa; Exerting pressure at twice, is the 1/4-1/3 of total pressure for the first time, removes the grinding tool parallels then; Exert pressure by total pressure, and kept 1 minute.The epidermis of external diameter in after the moulding, and must not stay scratch.
2, drying: seasoning, different by season, 2-4 days, high temperature drying is dry carried out dry 48 hours by fine granularity technology with 40-60 ℃.
3, burn till: base substrate is after drying, and the combustion gas calcining kiln of packing into burns till at 1250 ℃.When actual firing temperature is lower than sintering curve when burning till, must not supervelocity heat up, can only prolong firing time.
4, inspection during manufacture: the emery wheel appearance needs all processing, adds to remove foaming layer man-hour and get final product, and qualified goods need be checked by the emery wheel standard of national regulation.
Claims (1)
1. a ceramic bond abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball preparation method is characterized in that, with 3.5% manganite powder; 7% wilkinite and clay, feldspar, boron glass engineering ceramics and made from mixed materials removing material are compound, and this wedding agent in the ceramic bond abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball, is processed high-density blank as structural material applications under the large-tonnage forming pressure; Molding mass behind ageing mixture, high-pressure molding, at 1250 ℃ of sintering, and 780 ℃ of-800 ℃ of crystallization; Under the high temperature, the happy and harmonious state sintering in emery wheel blank place is by boron glass, wilkinite; The wedding agent and the removing material vigorous reaction of the HS high shrinkage engineering ceramics wedding agent characteristic that manganite is formed; Special-purpose firing process makes sic, AI2O3 and this wedding agent in the grinding material fully react, and quantitative and qualitative shrinks, and shrinking percentage reaches as high as 10%; Form and mix removing material and the glassy phase high-strength ceramic composite structure that possesses little pore, make dense structure's high firmness glassy phase pottery abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball.
This method is:
(1) the weight percent raw material of preparation ceramic bond abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball use has:
1., prepare basic ceramic bond the weight percent raw material have:
Feldspar 26.0%, boron glass 3.0%,
Clay 10.5%, wilkinite 7.0%,
Manganite 3.5%,
2., the weight percent raw material of preparation ceramic bond abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball has: (basic components)
1, A sand 30% 2, GC or C sand 20%
3, wedding agent 50%
4, water glass 2.5ml/kg 5, water 6～7ml/kg
Water and water glass add-on are calculated with abrasive material and wedding agent siccative gross weight radix and are added.
(2) step of preparation process:
1. basic ceramic bond preparation
A. take by weighing feldspar, boron glass manganite raw material by above-mentioned prescription, the Place grinding machine mixes, ball milling time: 1h, and ball mill capacity 200L feeding quantity 60Kg abrading-ball specification and quantity: ￠ 8-18mm 600-700Kg,
B. with above-mentioned ball milling material and clay powder, wilkinite, put bell shape mixer capacity 500L feeding quantity 150-200Kg, mixing time: 10-20min sieves, and crosses screen size: 46-60#, makes basic ceramic bond;
2. molding mass preparation:
A. take by weighing water, the water glass that A abrasive material, GC or C abrasive material add water temperature >=90 ℃ by above-mentioned prescription, put and mix wheel sth. made by twisting formula mixer mixings 5min, after mixing, add load weighted wedding agent, mix the 45min. discharging after, cross 14# and sieve.
B, sealing, shelving 48 hours is crossed the 8-10# sieve, makes molding mass, and subsequent use, moisture controlled makes molding mass at 4.8-5.2%.
3. finished product preparation process:
A, coldmoulding: this operation mainly adopts compression molding, makes molding mass uniform distribution in touching tool, the upper and lower surface uniform-compression, it is even to reach the grinding tool green density, conforms to quality requirements.On 1500 tons of abrasive wheel forming press, use coldmoulding, settle required grinding wheel die, by the moulding of following basic moulding substance at abrasive wheel forming unit worktable; Forming pressure: 17.5Mpa; Exerting pressure at twice, is the 1/4-1/3 of total pressure for the first time, removes the grinding tool parallels then; Exert pressure by total pressure, and kept 1 minute.
B, drying: seasoning, different by season, 2-4 days, high temperature drying is dry carried out dry 48 hours by fine granularity technology with 40-60 ℃.Base substrate is after drying, and the combustion gas calcining kiln of packing into burns till at 1250 ℃, and 800 ℃, the crystallization insulation.
C, burn till heating curve and be:
(1) directly be warming up to 80 ℃ (2) and be warming up to 500 ℃ with 30 ℃/h,
(3), be warming up to 950 ℃ with 40 ℃/h, (4) reach 1250 ℃ with 15 ℃/h,
(5) insulation 8h; (6) be quickly cooled to 800 ℃, insulation 1.5-2h
(7) naturally cooling is opened wicket below 100 ℃, makes the ceramic bond abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball, and qualified emery wheel needs through precision work, check.
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| CN103600310A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-02-26 | 江苏苏北砂轮厂有限公司 | Steel ball grinding wheel formula |
| CN105598857A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2016-05-25 | 珠海市巨海科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of ceramic bonding agent added super-hard abrasive tool |
| CN105598857B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2017-08-01 | 珠海市巨海科技有限公司 | The manufacture method of ceramic bond super-hard abrasive tool |
| CN103624696A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-03-12 | 珠海市钜鑫科技开发有限公司 | Ceramic bond, preparation method thereof and manufacturing method of ceramic bond grinding tool |
| CN103770019A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-05-07 | 当涂县南方红月磨具磨料有限公司 | Brown aluminum oxide grinding wheel with composite binding agents |
| CN103770027A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-05-07 | 当涂县南方红月磨具磨料有限公司 | Ceramic boron carbide grinding wheel |
| CN104315830A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-01-28 | 江苏苏北砂轮厂有限公司 | Drying method for grinding steel ball grinding wheel |
| CN105563363A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2016-05-11 | 江苏华东砂轮有限公司 | Method for preparing ceramic bond stacking abrasive material through centrifugal drying granulation technology |
| CN104446404A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-25 | 江苏苏北砂轮厂有限公司 | High-strength ceramic bond |
| CN105983913A (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2016-10-05 | 广东标华科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method for dry type grinding wheel of archaized brick and formula thereof |
| CN108789179A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽佑开科技有限公司 | A kind of abrasive wheel for abrasion of steel ball formula |
| CN109015424A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-18 | 扬中市飞宇磨具有限公司 | A kind of compressor crank shaft processing grinding abrasive disk |
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