CN102363045B - Composite disinfecting and sterilizing device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound disinfection and sterilization device and method. The device comprises a cabin body, temperature, ozone concentration and humidity sensors are arranged on the top of the cabin body; an air pressure sensor is arranged on the bottom of the cabin body; an oxygen source passes through an ozone generator through a fourth electromagnetic The valve leads to the cabin; the ultrasonic humidifier leads to the cabin through the second solenoid valve; a heating element is installed outside the cabin; one end of the peristaltic pump is connected to H ₂ O ₂ , and the other end is connected to the cabin through the third solenoid valve; High-voltage electrode plates are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the wall, and the vacuum pump is connected with the cabin body through the first electromagnetic valve. Disinfection and sterilization methods include two modes of "low-temperature plasma composite hydrogen peroxide" and "ozone" to choose from. The entire disinfection process is intelligently controlled, with wide application range, fast sterilization speed, high inactivation rate, no Disinfect dead angle, easy to use, high degree of automation and so on.

Description

A compound disinfection and sterilization device and method

technical field

The invention relates to a medical disinfection and sterilization device and a disinfection and sterilization method using the device.

Background technique

1. Traditional thermal sterilization technology

Traditional heat sterilization is an effective sterilization method, which can kill various microorganisms, and the degree of sterilization can be accurately controlled. Although the thermal sterilization method is widely used, the high temperature required by this method can easily lead to the decomposition of heat-sensitive components and the loss of volatile components, and the energy consumption is high, which can easily damage precision medical instruments.

2. Non-thermal sterilization technology

(1) Ultraviolet rays: can kill various microorganisms, including bacterial propagules, spores, mycobacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsia and mycoplasma, etc., with a broad spectrum. The principle of sterilization is to irradiate bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms with ultraviolet rays to destroy the structure of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) in the body, causing them to die immediately or lose their ability to reproduce. DNA has the strongest absorption of violet at a wavelength of 254nm. The light decay of ultraviolet light is large, and the life span is not long; the bactericidal effect of ultraviolet light is related to its irradiation intensity and total irradiation amount. Ultraviolet rays can only travel along a straight line, with low radiation energy and weak penetrating power. They can only kill microorganisms that are directly irradiated. Since ultraviolet radiation is harmful to the human body, leakage is absolutely not allowed.

(2) Ethylene oxide: a broad-spectrum bactericidal agent, the main mechanism of sterilization is that it combines with molecules in bacteria to destroy the cell metabolism of bacteria. It has the advantages of no dead angle and strong penetrating power. However, it is flammable, explosive, toxic and has residues.

(3) Ozone: Ozone is a broad-spectrum fungicide. When ozone diffuses in space, it can quickly penetrate into the cell walls of bacteria and microorganisms, denature their proteins, destroy the enzyme system, and terminate the metabolic process and be killed. . At present, ozone is the most widely used in various industries. The higher the temperature of the disinfection environment and the lower the humidity, the easier it is for ozone to be reduced to oxygen, and the worse the disinfection effect is; precision small medical instruments cannot be sterilized with ozone and are easily corroded; the penetrating power of ozone is weak, and it can kill bacteria deep in the object low ability.

(4) Hydrogen peroxide: The mechanism of action on microorganisms is similar to that of ozone. One is that the oxidative property ionizes molecules or atoms, thereby destroying the lipid chain on the cell wall, changing the permeability of the cell wall and causing cell death, and the other is that hydrogen peroxide enters the bacteria and can react with metal ions in nucleic acid to produce toxic hydroxyl groups, which act on the phosphoric acid of DNA The diester bond breaks it and has a damaging effect on the four base components of DNA. Temperature, humidity, and organic matter all have an impact on the disinfection of hydrogen peroxide.

(5) Low-temperature plasma sterilization technology: It is a new physical sterilization technology in the field of disinfection and sterilization in recent years. Low-temperature plasma is especially suitable for sterilization that is not heat-resistant and sensitive to moisture and heat. However, low-temperature plasma also has its limitations. For example, the following items are not suitable for the use of low-temperature plasma sterilizer materials: ① disposable instruments and articles; ② liquid or powder; ③ wooden instruments; ④ cotton fabric; ⑤ gauze; ⑥ not completely dry items.

At present, the disinfection and sterilization equipment at home and abroad has a single function, mainly for decontamination of certain instruments or materials, and has a complex structure, high failure rate, and poor environmental adaptability.

Contents of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the above existing disinfection equipment, and considering that different infectious disease pathogens have their own characteristics and have different tolerances to different disinfection methods, in order to enhance the decontamination effect, the present invention provides a multi-disinfection mode compound disinfection equipment. bacteria device.

To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by taking the following technical solutions:

A composite disinfection and sterilization device, characterized in that it comprises a cabin, an oxygen source, a peristaltic pump, a humidifier and a vacuum pump, the top of the cabin is provided with a temperature sensor, an ozone concentration sensor and a humidity sensor; the bottom of the cabin is provided with an air pressure sensor; the oxygen source leads to the cabin through the fourth solenoid valve through the ozone generator; the ultrasonic humidifier leads to the cabin through the second solenoid valve; the outside of the cabin is provided with a heating element that can heat the cabin; One end of the peristaltic pump is connected to H ₂ O ₂ , and the other end is connected to the cabin through the third electromagnetic valve; high-voltage electrode plates are installed on opposite sides of the inner wall of the cabin, and the vacuum pump is connected to the cabin through the first electromagnetic valve.

A method for disinfecting and sterilizing using the above device, comprising the steps of:

(1) Put the sterilized items in the cabin, and power up the device to start;

(2) Select the disinfection mode: choose one of the two modes of "low temperature plasma composite hydrogen peroxide" and "ozone", wherein,

a. When the "low temperature plasma composite hydrogen peroxide" disinfection mode is selected, the cabin is heated by the electric heating element to 47-56°C, the first solenoid valve is opened, and the vacuum pump is used to make the cabin pressure lower than 2000 Pa. Close the first solenoid valve, open the third solenoid valve, and close the third solenoid valve after injecting a small amount of hydrogen peroxide from the peristaltic pump, so that the hydrogen peroxide diffuses and condenses into mist in the cabin; open the first solenoid valve for the second time, and start the vacuum pump When the vacuum reaches 39-45 Pa, close the first solenoid valve, open the third solenoid valve twice and repeatedly inject hydrogen peroxide smaller than the first injection amount, then close the third solenoid valve, open the first solenoid valve again and continue vacuuming, The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure in the cabin in real time to keep it at 80-200 Pa. At this time, a high-voltage pulse voltage is applied to the high-voltage electrode plate, and the hydrogen peroxide dispersed in the cabin is excited into a plasma state under the excitation of a high electric field. Evenly act on the sterilized items;

b. When the "ozone" disinfection method is selected, the temperature sensor detects the temperature in the cabin. When the temperature is lower than 25°C, the humidity sensor detects the humidity in the cabin. When the humidity is less than 80%, the ultrasonic humidifier starts, and the second Solenoid valve is opened, and water vapor enters in the cabin to humidify, and when humidity is higher than 80%, oxygen source (oxygen produces ozone by ozone generator, and the 4th electromagnetic valve opens, and ozone enters in the cabin, carries out dispersion disinfection.

In the above method, the high-voltage pulse voltage applied to the high-voltage electrode plate is 3000 volts. The ozone produced by the ozone generator has a concentration higher than 40mg/L. The amount of hydrogen peroxide injected by the peristaltic pump for the first time is 4 milliliters; the amount of hydrogen peroxide injected for the second time is 2.5 milliliters.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention integrates three methods of ozone, hydrogen peroxide and low-temperature plasma (three commonly used decontamination methods for medical articles in clinic), adopts two optional disinfection modes, and the whole disinfection process is intelligent. It has the advantages of wide application range, fast sterilization speed, high inactivation rate, no harm, no disinfection dead angle, convenient use, and high degree of automation. It not only satisfies the decontamination (ozone) of medical cotton fabrics, but also can sterilize medical equipment (in a near-vacuum state, hydrogen peroxide is excited into plasma, which strengthens the disinfection and sterilization effect). Good decontamination effect for small medical devices, such as endoscopes, ventilators, etc.

Description of drawings

The following is a detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention. In the figure: 1. Ultrasonic humidifier; 2. H ₂ O ₂ peristaltic pump; 3. Solenoid valve; 4. Humidity sensor; 5. O ₃ concentration sensor; 6. Temperature sensor; 7. Solenoid valve: 8. Solenoid valve; 9. Ozone generator; 10. Oxygen cylinder; 11. High-voltage electrode plate; 12. Air pressure sensor; 13. Vacuum pump; 14. Solenoid valve: 15. Cabin.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of disinfection and sterilization using the apparatus of Fig. 1 .

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of composite disinfection and sterilization device comprises a cabin body 15, and three sensors are equipped with on the top of the cabin body: temperature sensor 6, ozone concentration sensor 5 and humidity sensor 4; An air pressure sensor is equipped with at the bottom of the cabin body. Oxygen cylinder 10 is connected to ozone generator 9 to produce high-concentration ozone, which leads to disinfection cabin body 15 through electromagnetic valve 7 (normally closed); ultrasonic humidifier 2 (containing pure water tank) is passed through electromagnetic valve 3 (normally closed) by pipeline It leads to the cabin and humidifies the cabin to generate a high-humidity environment for ozone disinfection. A resistance wire (not shown in the figure) is wound around the outside of the cabin, which can heat the aluminum cabin to reach the temperature environment where hydrogen peroxide excites the plasma. One end of the peristaltic pump 2 is connected to hydrogen peroxide H ₂ O ₂ (bottled), and the other end is led into the cabin through the solenoid valve 8 (normally closed), so as to quantitatively supply hydrogen peroxide into the cabin. Two high-voltage electrode plates 11 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the inner wall of the cabin to generate high voltage in the cabin to excite hydrogen peroxide to generate plasma.

Vacuum pump 13 is connected cabin body by electromagnetic valve 14 (normally closed) by stainless steel pipeline, can vacuumize in cabin, reaches the near-vacuum environment that hydrogen peroxide plasma produces (negative pressure pumping air removes the molecule of each component of air), At this time, the hydrogen peroxide molecules in the cabin are excited by the high-energy electric field, which is convenient to form a plasma state in a near-low temperature environment of about 50 degrees Celsius, which can greatly enhance the disinfection and sterilization effect.

The present invention combines ozone and hydrogen peroxide low-temperature plasma in one device, and needs to take care of the environmental requirements of the two disinfection methods. Ozone has requirements on humidity, temperature, and concentration, while hydrogen peroxide low-temperature plasma has requirements on the vacuum degree of the cabin. In order to meet the demand and reduce the volume of the instrument, the disinfection cabin is welded by aluminum plates after anti-oxidation treatment.

As shown in Figure 2, a kind of sterilization method that adopts Figure 1 device, comprises the following steps:

(1) Put the sterilized items in the cabin, and power up the device to start;

(2) Select the disinfection mode: including two modes of "low temperature plasma compound hydrogen peroxide" and "ozone", among which,

a. When the "low temperature plasma composite hydrogen peroxide" disinfection mode is selected, the cabin is heated by the resistance wire on the outside. When the temperature reaches 47-56°C, the solenoid valve 14 is opened, and the vacuum pump 13 pumps air for about 5 minutes to make the cabin air pressure Below 2000 Pa; At this time, the solenoid valve 14 is closed, and the solenoid valve 8 is opened, and the solenoid valve 3 is closed after injecting 4 milliliters of hydrogen peroxide by the peristaltic pump, and diffuses and condenses in the cabin for 5 minutes to form mist; open the solenoid valve 14 again, Start the vacuum pump to evacuate to 39-45 Pa and close the solenoid valve 14, open the solenoid valve 8 and repeatedly inject 2.5 milliliters of hydrogen peroxide, then close the solenoid valve 8, open the solenoid valve 14 to continue vacuuming, and detect the pressure in the cabin in real time through the pressure sensor 12. The pressure is maintained at 80-200 Pa. At this time, a high-voltage pulse voltage (about 3000 volts) is applied to the high-voltage electrode plate, and the hydrogen peroxide dispersed in the cabin is excited into a plasma state under the excitation of a high electric field, making the plasma Evenly acting on the device, instantaneous high-speed breakdown, etching, and oxidation of the protein and nucleic acid substances in the microorganisms attached to the surface of the device, inactivating it to achieve the purpose of sterilization, and greatly enhancing the disinfection and sterilization effect. After the sterilization is completed, the hydrogen peroxide plasma finally recombines into a small amount of water vapor, no harmful substances remain, and there is no harm or pollution to medical staff.

b. When the "ozone" disinfection method is selected, the temperature sensor 6 installed in the cabin detects the temperature in the cabin. When the temperature is higher than 25°C, the instrument cannot be started and continues to cool down at room temperature (to solve the plasma disinfection method The effect of heating process) to prevent the decomposition of ozone in high temperature environment. When the temperature is lower than 25°C, the system starts, and the humidity sensor 4 detects the humidity in the cabin. When the humidity is lower than 80%, the ultrasonic humidifier 1 works, the solenoid valve 3 opens, and water vapor enters the cabin for humidification. When the humidity is higher than 80%. When, the oxygen source (oxygen bottle 10 supplies) produces high-concentration ozone by the ozone generator 9 (high-pressure ceramic generation), solenoid valve 7 opens (all solenoid valves are normally closed solenoid valves), and ozone enters in the cabin (concentration is higher than 40mg/L), carry out dispersion disinfection. This ozone disinfection mode can monitor the temperature, humidity and ozone concentration in real time. After the disinfection is completed, there is no pollution and no residue.

Adopt the device of the present invention and method and the index comparison of prior art to list in Table 1.

Table 1

Claims (4)

1. the method for a sterilization adopts with lower device and realizes, this device comprises the cabin body, source of oxygen, peristaltic pump, ultrasonic humidifier and vacuum pump, and body top, described cabin is provided with temperature sensor, ozone concentration sensor and humidity sensor; Body bottom, cabin is provided with baroceptor; Described source of oxygen by ozonator within the 4th electromagnetic valve leads to the cabin body; Described ultrasonic humidifier is within the second electromagnetic valve leads to the cabin body; The external side in cabin is provided with the heating element heater that can heat the cabin body; Described peristaltic pump one end is communicated with H ₂O ₂, the other end is in the 3rd electromagnetic valve passes into the cabin body; The opposed electrode plate with high voltage that is equipped with in body inwall both sides, cabin, described vacuum pump connects through the first electromagnetic valve and cabin bulk phase, it is characterized in that, and method for disinfection and sterilization comprises the steps:

(1) in the body of cabin, puts into the article that are sterilized, device is powered up startup;

(2) select the sterilization pattern: in " the compound hydrogen peroxide of low-temperature plasma " and " ozone " two kinds of patterns, select one, wherein,

A, when selecting " the compound hydrogen peroxide of low-temperature plasma " sterilization pattern, the cabin body is heated by heating, to 47-56 ℃, open the first electromagnetic valve, by the vacuum pump evacuation, the cabin bromhidrosis is forced down behind 2000 handkerchiefs the first closed electromagnetic valve, open the 3rd electromagnetic valve, by closing the 3rd electromagnetic valve behind 4 milliliters of hydrogen peroxide of peristaltic pump injection, make hydrogen peroxide be condensed into vaporific at the cabin internal diffusion; Secondary is opened the first electromagnetic valve, start and close the first electromagnetic valve when vacuum pump is evacuated to the 39-45 handkerchief, secondary is opened the 3rd electromagnetic valve and is repeated to inject hydrogen peroxide less than the injection rate first time, then close the 3rd electromagnetic valve, again open the first electromagnetic valve and continue evacuation, detect in real time pressure in the body of cabin by pressure transducer, make it maintain the 80-200 handkerchief, load high-voltage pulse to electrode plate with high voltage this moment, the hydrogen peroxide of disperse is under the excitation of high electric field in the body of cabin, be provoked into plasma state, act on uniformly the article that are sterilized;

B, when selecting " ozone " disinfection way, detect temperature in the cabin by temperature sensor, when temperature is lower than 25 ℃, humidity sensor detects the humidity in the body of cabin, when humidity less than 80% the time, ultrasonic humidifier starts, the second electromagnetic valve is opened, steam enters humidification in the cabin, when humidity was higher than 80%, source of oxygen produced ozone by ozonator, and the 4th electromagnetic valve is opened, ozone enters in the body of cabin, carries out the disperse sterilization.

2. the method for sterilization as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the described high-voltage pulse that electrode plate with high voltage is loaded is 3000 volts.

3. the method for sterilization as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the ozone that described ozonator produces, and its concentration is higher than 40mg/L.

4. the method for sterilization as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the amount of injecting hydrogen peroxide the described second time is 2.5 milliliters.

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