CN1023608C - 柴油乳化剂 - Google Patents

柴油乳化剂 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1023608C
CN1023608C CN 89100793 CN89100793A CN1023608C CN 1023608 C CN1023608 C CN 1023608C CN 89100793 CN89100793 CN 89100793 CN 89100793 A CN89100793 A CN 89100793A CN 1023608 C CN1023608 C CN 1023608C
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oil
water
diesel oil
diesel
additive agent
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CN1045274A (zh
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彭俊士
杨盛发
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Individual
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于一种柴油乳化剂，特别是用于柴油汽车、柴油机车、船舶发动机、燃油锅炉和工业炉的柴油进行燃烧的乳化剂。
本发明的柴油乳化剂是由柴油、表面活性剂、平平加、OP4、三乙醇胺、水玻璃按比例配制而成。
使用本发明柴油乳化剂节油可达20%，排气中的NOX，SOX减少10-70%，烟度减少40-90%。

Description

本发明属于一种柴油乳化剂，特别是用于柴油汽车、柴油机车、船舶发动机、燃油锅炉和工业炉的柴油进行燃烧的乳化剂。
互不相混合的两液相中的一相以微粒状分散于另一相中，所形成的乳状物，称为乳液。两相中的一相大多是水，另一相是和水不能混合的液相，一般称为油。使不能混合的两液相的一相在另一相分散时由于两液相的界面面积增大，引起体系的热力学不稳定，为了使这种热力学不稳定体系稳定，需要添加具有提高稳定性作用的某第三种成份，它称为乳化剂。
根据连续相是水相还是油相而分为水包油型（O/W）和油包水型（W/O）两种乳液。
本发明的目的是提供一种柴油乳化剂。本发明属于用于W/O型乳液的乳化剂。使用由该乳化剂配制成的柴油燃料能提高燃烧性能，节能能源。内燃机台架试验可节油10-20%，但是，车辆情况越差，节油越多。
在柴油中加入本发明的柴油乳化剂，燃烧时能减少大气污染，使排气中NOX、SOX能减少10-70%，烟度能减少40-90%。本发明之所以能够提高燃烧效率，减少大气污染，其原理在于：
1、内燃机爆发冲程时，气缸温度高达1500-2000℃，在此温度下水分解为燃料，即在高温下，水和积炭发生水煤气反应，产生CO和H2。
而且CO和H2又为优良燃料：
上面的总反应热为97.34kcal/mol，即油中的水能使炭充分地燃烧，使总反应成为放热反应，从而，提高了燃烧效率，又能大幅度地减少烟尘。
2、W/O型乳化油，其中的水分子被一层油膜包围着，在燃烧时，由于水分子体积会突然膨胀1200倍以上，而冲破油膜，造成爆发现象，致使燃料油形成超微油珠，易与空气充分混合、汽化，故可使燃烧接近完全燃烧状态。在1976年苏联科学家V·M伊凡诺夫，第一次提出了含水燃料燃烧时，燃料需要雾化，它就是所谓的“微爆理论”，其解释了油中的水被汽化后使油粒被强烈粉碎，从而提高了燃烧效果。
本发明的乳化剂在研制过程中，首先以柴油、汽油、煤油为主要原料，即对50℃，运动粘度20CSt以下的低粘度轻质油进行试验，结果表明，使用柴油时加入本发明的乳化剂及适当的水，可以实现部分以水代油，改善燃烧条件，减少烟尘排放量的目的。
本发明的柴油乳化剂与国内外已有同类产品全面对比情况如下：（表见文后）
本发明中，用30＃柴油，表面活性剂，平平加，OP4三乙醇胺，水玻璃（微量加入），以（4-6）∶（2-3）∶（1-2）∶（0.5-1.5）∶（0.01-0.15）∶（0.05-0.15）的重量份数经过高速搅拌机或管道式混合乳化设备的强力搅拌即成为本发明的柴油乳化剂。
本发明的柴油乳化剂在配制成为柴油乳化液后，用于发动机时，在通用速度区间，耗油量与纯柴油等效，并且，最大输出功率、最大输出扭矩和用纯柴油一样的效果，并对发动机无腐蚀、无磨损。稳定期为7-15天，如长期放置，稍加搅拌就可使用。
项目    本发明柴油乳化剂    国内外同类产品
燃烧效果    良好    不佳
稳定期    7-15天    1-30天
对内燃机磨损    无    无
烟尘减少    65-90%    60-90%
节油    15-20%    5-15%
锈蚀    无    有

Claims (1)

1、一种柴油乳化剂，其特征在于其是由30#柴油，表面活性剂，平平加，OP4，三乙醇胺，水玻璃组成，各组成的重量份数为：
(1)30#柴油：     4-6
(2)表面活性剂：  2-3
(3)平平加：      9.5-1.5
(4)OP4： 0.5-1.5
(5)三乙醇胺：    0.01-0.15
(6)水玻璃        0.05-0.15
CN 89100793 1989-03-02 1989-03-02 柴油乳化剂 Expired - Fee Related CN1023608C (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 89100793 CN1023608C (zh) 1989-03-02 1989-03-02 柴油乳化剂

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 89100793 CN1023608C (zh) 1989-03-02 1989-03-02 柴油乳化剂

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1045274A CN1045274A (zh) 1990-09-12
CN1023608C true CN1023608C (zh) 1994-01-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN 89100793 Expired - Fee Related CN1023608C (zh) 1989-03-02 1989-03-02 柴油乳化剂

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103602353A (zh) * 2013-10-18 2014-02-26 南宁明航节能科技有限公司 一种柴油添加剂

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103602353A (zh) * 2013-10-18 2014-02-26 南宁明航节能科技有限公司 一种柴油添加剂

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CN1045274A (zh) 1990-09-12

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