CN102355111A - Short-magnetic path axial-magnetic flux variable reluctance motor - Google Patents
Short-magnetic path axial-magnetic flux variable reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102355111A CN102355111A CN2011102695711A CN201110269571A CN102355111A CN 102355111 A CN102355111 A CN 102355111A CN 2011102695711 A CN2011102695711 A CN 2011102695711A CN 201110269571 A CN201110269571 A CN 201110269571A CN 102355111 A CN102355111 A CN 102355111A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a short-magnetic path axial-magnetic flux variable reluctance motor. The stator part of the short-magnetic path axial-magnetic flux variable reluctance motor comprises a plurality of stator section assemblies uniformly arranged along the circumference of a stand, permanent magnet blocks or magnetic shielding material blocks embedded into the outer port sides of each stator section assembly and excitation windings wound on the middle yoke parts of stator sections, wherein the excitation windings are embedded into stator slots of each stator section assembly. The rotor part of the short-magnetic path axial-magnetic flux variable reluctance motor comprises rotor bodies and a plurality of rotor sections embedded into the rotor bodies, wherein the rotor bodies are fastened by rivets or other bolts to press the rotor sections in the rotor bodies. Magnetic fluxes in the stator section assemblies are generated commonly by the permanent magnet blocks and the electrified excitation windings, and are vertical to an axis or form another angle with the axis. A hybrid magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet blocks and the excitation windings forms a closed loop by the stator section assemblies, air gaps and the rotor sections, and the plane of the magnetic flux loop is parallel to the axis. The short-magnetic path axial-magnetic flux variable reluctance motor has a compact structure, and a smaller size under an identical output torque requirement, and is convenient to maintain; and the rotating force of the variable reluctance motor can be increased, energy density can be improved and vibration can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric drive (machine driving) apparatus field, relate to a kind of disc type electric machine, relate in particular to the axial magnetic resistance variable reluctance motor of a kind of short magnetic circuit, belong to the motor-driven field; Be applicable to fields such as motor in electric automobile driving, nuclear power industry, industry control are servo, Aero-Space, blower fan.
Background technology
Variable reluctance motor is claimed switched reluctance machines again, is a kind of novel buncher, and governing system has direct current concurrently, exchanges the advantage of two types of governing systems, is the latest generation stepless time adjustment system of frequency conversion speed-adjusting system, brushless DC motor governing system of continuing.It has firm, speed-regulating range width simple in structure, speed adjusting performance is excellent, and in whole speed adjustable range, all has greater efficiency, and system reliability is high, etc. characteristics.
Usually variable reluctance motor comprises that stator and who is installed in the support has the outstanding magnetic pole of opening according to certain intervals with respect to the stator rotor rotated on stator and the rotor, and the number of magnetic poles of stator and rotor is placed so that certain rules is relative.Attempt to rotate to when making minimized position of magnetic circuit magnetic resistance or the maximized position of stator winding inductance when rotor, switched reluctance machines just has reluctance force and produces torque.
The phase windings relative when stator passes to electric current; Will set up magnetic field in the magnetic pole of the stator; When rotor rotates under this magnetic field; Because the variation of magnetic circuit magnetic resistance; To produce power on the rotor; And this power is not all to be that effective force is (for electric rotary machine; Effective force is the power along the tangent to periphery direction); This power is divided into radial load and revolving force (this sentences the power of " revolving force " expression tangent to periphery direction); In this power; The revolving force that has only the tangent to periphery direction drive the rotor rotation, and radial load is to the not contribution of work of rotor in order to work.
Be manufacturing process and the performance of improving disc type electric machine; Chinese invention patent: a kind of novel switched reluctance motor (number of patent application: 201010150839.5) the U type stator segment of employing segmentation; The even hard-wired scheme of one side along the support side; Realized the purpose of short magnetic circuit; Yet; This kind scheme leakage field is bigger, therefore brings very big noise and energy consumption, and its rotor part that separates also possibly form noise source because axial force is excessive.And patent of invention: the axial switch reluctance motor (patent No.: 200710024615.8), simplified manufacture process, yet magnetic circuit is optimized well not; More than two kinds of patents all do not consider optimization to air-gap flux; It is the same with the working method of traditional switch reluctance motor in fact; The ratio problem bigger than normal that all has radial load and revolving force; Though number being the scheme in 201010150839.5, patent of invention make radial load (being axial force here) cancel out each other through two stators; Yet make that but electric efficiency is not improved, its excessive radial load also can cause serious vibration and noise problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves provides a kind of short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor, to improve rotation peripheral force and efficient or power density, reduce the motor axial force, to reduce manufacturing cost.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor; Include stationary part, rotor portion and excitation winding; Wherein said stationary part comprises a plurality of stator segments and is embedded in each stator segment near the permanent magnet blocks at support side opening place or the separated magnetic patch that non-magnet material is processed that the permanent magnet polarity of each stator segment is indefinite; Excitation winding is embedded in the stator slot of each stator segment, and is wrapped in the middle yoke of the stator segment portion.
Rotor portion comprises rotor block and a plurality of ring-shaped rotor section, and this ring-shaped rotor section is embedded in and forms rotor portion in the rotor block.
Stator segment, breath and rotor section have been formed closed flux circuit, and this loop is parallel with axle, but coplane not, and excitation winding is square with the axis with the magnetic flux of permanent magnet generation.
When zero load, winding no power, the output of not doing work; When stator segment was embedded as permanent magnet near the support side opening, the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces formed the loop through yoke portion in the middle of the stator segment, does not produce operational forces; When load, excitation winding energising, externally output acting; When stator is embedded as permanent magnet near the support side opening; Make the polarity in the magnetic field that winding produces identical with the polarity in the magnetic field of permanent magnet generation; Stator segment yoke portion magnetic resistance increases like this; The magnetic field of ordering about the generation of stationary part permanent magnet forms the loop through air gap and rotor section; Therefore; When rotor turns to the peaked position of inductance, produce bigger revolving force.
Wherein, the separated magnetic patch that fixed placement has non-magnet material to process on the close tip of pole shoe of breath notch of each stator segment.
Wherein, stator segment can be the stator segment of H type stator segment or other types.
Wherein, stator segment and ring-shaped rotor section radially are overrided to form by the thin slice of soft magnetic material making.
Wherein, rotor block adopts diamagnetic material to process.
A kind of rotor structure of lacking magnetic circuit dial switch reluctance motor, it comprises:
Rotor block;
Be installed in a plurality of ring-shaped rotor sections on this commentaries on classics font, the rotor section two ends are fluted or protruding to be fixed on the rotor block.
Wherein, the ring-shaped rotor section can radially be overrided to form by the thin slice that soft magnetic material is made.
Wherein, rotor block adopts diamagnetic material to process.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor of the present invention, its stationary part comprise a plurality of stator segments and are placed on permanent magnet or the separated magnetic patch of each stator segment near support side opening place that the permanent magnet polarity of each stator segment is indefinite; Excitation winding is embedded in the stator slot of each stator segment; Its rotor portion comprises rotor block, is installed in a plurality of ring-shaped rotor sections of changeing on the font; When zero load, not power output acting; When stator segment was embedded as permanent magnet near support side opening place, the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces formed the loop through yoke portion in the middle of the stator segment, does not produce operational forces; When load; The excitation winding energising; Externally output acting; When stator segment is embedded as permanent magnet; The flux polarity magnetic flux identical that winding produces with permanent magnet polarity; This makes the middle yoke of stator segment portion magnetic resistance become big, and the magnetic field that permanent magnet produces then changes into through stator segment, air gap and rotor section assembly and forms the loop, and then the bigger revolving force of generation; Adopt this kind magnetic structure, help increasing revolving force, reduce radial load (being axial force here), and then help reducing noise.Permanent magnet is embedded in the opening part of stator segment near the support side; Easy mounting; And it is little influenced by winding; Leakage field also reduces simultaneously, therefore has bigger energy density, littler vibration noise; Compare with the motor of prior art; Under equal output torque required, the present invention had higher energy density, littler volume.And the installation manufacturing is simple and easy, and cost also obtains very big reduction.Along with stator segment is the difference of putting sky, NULL piece, low energy permanent magnet blocks, high-energy permanent magnet piece near support side opening place's embedding state, motor also can obtain different driveabilities.
The present invention can be applicable to motor in electric automobile driving, robot, the industry control occasion that driveability is had relatively high expectations such as servo, also can be applicable to require variable speed drives and blower fan occasion cheaply.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that of the present invention 8/6 short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor is through axle output sketch map;
Fig. 2 is the rotor structure B-B sketch map of the short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux of the present invention variable reluctance motor;
Fig. 3 is the stator structure A-A sketch map of the short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux of the present invention variable reluctance motor;
Fig. 4 is the present invention's 8/6 variable reluctance motor stator and rotor (two ends are sharp triangle) cross section structure and magnetic structure C-C sketch map;
Fig. 5 is not cross section structure and the magnetic structure C-C sketch map during conllinear of the present invention's 8/6 variable reluctance motor stator and rotor (two ends are sharp triangle);
Fig. 6 is the present invention's 8/6 variable reluctance motor stator and rotor (two ends are the protrusion position) cross section structure and magnetic structure sketch map;
Fig. 7 is not cross section structure and the magnetic structure sketch map during conllinear of the present invention's 8/6 variable reluctance motor stator and rotor (two ends are sharp triangle);
Fig. 8 is that short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor rotor of the present invention is as the output sketch map;
Fig. 9 is the bi-motor sketch map that the rotor of short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor of the present invention is expanded as output vertically;
Figure 10 is the magnetic structure sketch map that short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor axial expansion bi-motor rotor of the present invention is formed;
Embodiment
Core concept of the present invention is to produce a but not magnetic loop of conllinear parallel with axle magnetic circuit is designed again; Identical with prior art; Short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor of the present invention includes stationary part, rotor portion and excitation winding; But crucially; Stationary part comprises along the support side that along the circumferential direction evenly layout is equipped with a plurality of stator segments among the present invention; There is opening each stator segment both sides; Yoke portion is positioned in the middle of the stator segment; Opening part near breath is fixed with at a distance from magnetic patch; Opening part near support is embedded as permanent magnet or separated magnetic patch; In excitation winding coiling and the middle yoke portion, and be embedded in two grooves of stator.
And rotor portion comprises rotor block, rotor section, and rotor block clamps rotor section by two parts or unnecessary two parts in rotor block through rivet or screw, forms rotor structure; It is fixedly connected with output shaft, does manual work through shaft power; As as special purpose such as hub motor for electric automobile drive wheels, rotor is as power take-off, and then rotor is rotationally connected with axle, and stator with spool be fixedly connected.
Like this, when zero load, do not produce operational forces; And when load, the excitation winding energising produces magnetic flux, and externally acting; When stator segment is embedded as permanent magnet near out frame side opening place; Because middle yoke portion magnetic resistance increases; Permanent magnet magnetic flux and the mixing of excitation winding magnetic flux form closed flux circuit through stator segment, breath and rotor section, when rotor rotates toward the inductance maximum value position, produce revolving force.
Describe with preferred embodiment below.
With reference to figure 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7; The short mutually magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor of a kind of 8/6 structure four; Specifically comprise support 1, breath 2, permanent magnet 3, excitation winding 4, carve the connection bearing 11 of piece 5, insulating barrier 6, rotor section 7, stator segment 8, axle 10, rotor block 9-1, rotor block 9-2 and support and axle at a distance from magnetic, stator segment 8 radially is overrided to form by the rammed thin slice of soft magnetic material with rotor section 7.Wherein stator segment is as a H shape, and two ends have opening, and middle beam is a middle yoke portion 16; Centre yoke portion both sides are two grooves; In the yoke portion 16 of the centre of excitation winding 4 coilings and stator segment, and be embedded in two grooves, excitation winding 4 insulate through insulating barrier 6 with stator segment 8; Stator has tip of pole shoe 13 near the breath side, is fixed on the tip of pole shoe 13 and carve piece 5 by separated the magnetic that non-magnet material is processed, and the close support side opening place of stator segment is embedded as separated magnetic patch or the permanent magnetic material that non-magnet material processes and processes permanent magnet blocks; The stator segment assemblies that the separated magnetic patch of being processed by stator segment 7, excitation winding 4, insulating barrier 6 and permanent magnet fast 3 or non-magnet material 3 is formed is fixed on the support 1; The rotor section both sides have triangle outstanding 15, with fixed rotor section 7 in rotor block 9-1,9-2.Rotor block 9-1,9-2 are fastening through rivet or screw, and are fixedly connected with output shaft 10, and support 1 is connected through bearing 11 with spools 10.
With reference to figure 2, the rotor structure plane graph of present embodiment comprises rotor section 7, rotor block 9 and is fixedly connected hole 12.For clamping rotor section in rotor block; Be distributed with in the rotor block along evenly spaced six the annular holes of circumference; Its edge shape is almost consistent with the rotor section side, uses rivet or screw fastening through connecting hole 12, realizes the rotor assembly manufacturing process of simple and efficient rate.
With reference to figure 3; 8/6 4 short mutually magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor stator structure plane graphs of present embodiment; Four phase excitation winding on the stator are respectively 4-1 A and 4-1B, 4-2A and 4-2B, 4-3A and 4-3B, 4-4A and 4-4B, and stator segment 8 is fixed in the support 1.
With reference to figure 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, be respectively when inductance value is minimum and maximum, the residing position of rotor section 7 relative stator, and the rotor section two ends are designed to the state of triangle outstanding 15 and recessed 14.It is square with the axis or become other angles that excitation winding 4 produces magnetic fluxs (blue line), and the flux circuit of being made up of stator segment 8, breath 2 and rotor section 7 is parallel with output shaft 10, forms axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor of the present invention; During load, the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces mixes through flux circuit with the magnetic flux that excitation winding produces, and when rotor turns to maximum position by the inductance minimum position, produces revolving force, the power output of externally doing work.
Need to prove that the two ends of present embodiment rotor section can be designed to plane, other states such as outstanding and how recessed how, rotor block can be by forming more than two parts, so that the fixed rotor section is in rotor block like this.Stator segment 8 embeds near support side opening place and can be separated magnetic patch or the permanent magnet blocks 3 that non-magnet material is processed.More need to prove; The short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor number of phases of the present invention and structure be not limited to present embodiment 8/6 4 mutually and the structure of the two stators of rotor dual-side configuration, can adopt 6/4,12/10,12/8 and versions such as one-sided stator and stator dual-side birotor.
Said structure makes that at rotor revolving force increases when the stator pole shoes pole tip 13, and axial force reduces,
Thereby the reduction noise, and winding is embedded in the stator slot, has increased area of dissipation, therefore obtains higher overload acting ability, thus realize the high efficiency smooth power output of motor; Rotor assembly manufacturing process is simple, firm, with low cost.
With reference to figure 8; This figure is the short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor of the present invention's second specific embodiment; Carved the connection bearing 161 of piece 51, insulating barrier 61, rotor section 71, stator segment 81, axle 101, rotor block 91-1, rotor block 91-2 and support and axle is made up of support 11, breath 21, permanent magnet 31, excitation winding 41, separated magnetic; Different with first specific embodiment is; Rotor assembly is connected with the axle on-fixed; But freely be rotationally connected through bearing 161 formation, power is through rotor block 91-1,91-2 output like this; And support and field frame assembly are fixedly connected with axle 161.Other are identical with first specific embodiment, repeat no more here.
With reference to figure 8 and Fig. 9; Be respectively the short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor of axial expansion bi-motor and the magnetic structure floor map thereof of present embodiment; It is by support 12-1 and 1-2; Breath 22; Permanent magnet or separated magnetic patch 32; Excitation winding 42-1 and 42-2 and 42-3; Carve piece 52 at a distance from magnetic; Insulating barrier 62; Rotor section 72-1 and 72-2; Stator segment 82-1 and 82-2 and 82-2; Axle 102; Rotor block 92-1 and 92-2 and 92-3 and rotor block and axle 102 two bearing 162-1 that are connected; 162-2 forms; Different with second specific embodiment is; Carried out axial expansion; Adopt three stationary parts and two part assemblies, install vertically.Identical in stator segment assemblies 82-1 in the stator segment on the both sides part, 82-2 and second specific embodiment, repeat no more here; Stator segment assemblies 82-3 dual-side in the intermediate stator assembly is near breath; And all be pole shoe and be designed with tip of pole shoe 182 and 192; Be installed with the separated magnetic patch 200 that non-magnet material is processed on the tip of pole shoe; And excitation winding 42-3 is wound in the yoke portion of centre; Be embedded in two grooves of stator segment; The field frame assembly that stator segment 82-3 and excitation winding 42-3 form is fixed through support 1-2, and forms a fixed connection with axle; The same with first specific embodiment, rotor section adopts outstanding triangled tip 152 so that fixed among rotor block 92-1,92-2, the 92-3.Rotor assembly forms free to rotate being connected through bearing 162-1,162-2 with axle 102, and other are identical with second specific embodiment, repeat no more here.
Need to prove; Rotor block 92-1 in the present embodiment is separated into two parts as required; Fastening with rotor block 92-1 and rotor block 92-2 respectively through rivet or screw; Formed two rotors that freely rotate, can start a rotor or two rotors so as required to satisfy the needs of real work.The short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux of axial expansion of the present invention variable reluctance motor is not limited to the form of two rotor assemblies, goes for two versions with upper rotor part equally.Need to prove more that in addition the short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor of exporting through axle can adopt the magnetic circuit method to carry out axial expansion equally.
Though preferred embodiment of the present invention has disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, and any those skilled in the art are in the scope that does not break away from the present invention and disclosed, when doing a little change and adjustment.
Claims (10)
1. one kind short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor; Include stationary part, rotor portion and excitation winding; It is characterized in that; Said stationary part comprises a plurality of H type stator segments and is embedded in each stator segment near the permanent magnet blocks of support opening part or at a distance from magnetic patch; Excitation winding is wound in the yoke portion of centre, and is embedded in the stator slot of each stator segment;
Rotor portion comprises rotor block, be embedded in a plurality of rotor sections that change in the font, and rotor block is made up of two parts, in rotor block, forms rotor portion through rivet or the fastening clamping rotor section of screw;
When zero load, the excitation winding no power does not have acting output, and when opening part was embedded as permanent magnet stator segment outside, the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces was through the middle yoke portion formation loop of stator segment assemblies; When load; The excitation winding energising produces magnetic flux and acting and power output, when the stator segment opening part is embedded as permanent magnet; The magnetic flux that excitation winding produces mixes through stator segment, air gap with the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces and forms the loop through the rotor section assembly, and the bigger revolving force of generation is exported.
2. short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The mixing magnetic flux that excitation winding and/or permanent magnet produce is square with the axis or at angle, and the flux circuit plane of forming via stator segment, air gap and rotor section is with spool parallel, but coplane not.
3. stationary part according to claim 1 is characterized in that, each stator segment is a pole shoe near the air gap side, and pole shoe is a tip of pole shoe near the extension of notch, is installed with the separated magnetic patch that diamagnetic material is processed on the tip of pole shoe.
4. stationary part according to claim 1 is characterized in that, stator segment can embed permanent magnet blocks near support side opening place or at a distance from magnetic patch, and permanent magnet blocks and can easily change at a distance from magnetic patch.
5. stator segment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the thin slice that stator segment is made by soft magnetic material is overrided to form, and relative rotor is for radially laminating.
6. short magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, supporting also, the support of fixed stator part can adopt NULL to process.
7. rotor assembly structure of lacking magnetic circuit axial magnetic flux variable reluctance motor; It is characterized in that; Rotor assembly is made up of rotor section and rotor block; Rotor block is made up of two parts; Each part along the circumferential direction is evenly equipped with the groove of rotor section shape basically identical, like this, and when two parts rotor block being tightened together with rivet or other screws; Rotor section just is clamped in the rotor block, forms rotor structure.
8. rotor structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the thin slice that rotor section is made by soft magnetic material is overrided to form, and rotor radial laminates relatively.
9. rotor structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that, it is outstanding that the rotor section two ends can be one or more triangled tips, or be the plane, or be one or more recessed position.
10. rotor structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that, rotor block and rotor section all are plane of symmetry symmetry with the median plane, and rotor block adopts diamagnetic material to process, and it is fixed with axle or freely is rotationally connected.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011102695711A CN102355111A (en) | 2011-09-14 | 2011-09-14 | Short-magnetic path axial-magnetic flux variable reluctance motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011102695711A CN102355111A (en) | 2011-09-14 | 2011-09-14 | Short-magnetic path axial-magnetic flux variable reluctance motor |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106374654A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-02-01 | 奥迪股份公司 | Partially assembled motor |
| CN109742872A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-10 | 江苏大学 | A kind of axial magnetic flow switch reluctance motor for electric vehicle |
| US10697376B2 (en) | 2016-08-22 | 2020-06-30 | Mohammadali Abbasian | Induction switched reluctance motor |
-
2011
- 2011-09-14 CN CN2011102695711A patent/CN102355111A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106374654A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-02-01 | 奥迪股份公司 | Partially assembled motor |
| US10697376B2 (en) | 2016-08-22 | 2020-06-30 | Mohammadali Abbasian | Induction switched reluctance motor |
| CN109742872A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-10 | 江苏大学 | A kind of axial magnetic flow switch reluctance motor for electric vehicle |
| CN109742872B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-31 | 江苏大学 | Axial flux switch reluctance motor for electric automobile |
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Application publication date: 20120215 |