CN102353986A - Full three-dimensional linkage earthquake explaining method of complicated geologic structure comprising reverse fault - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a full three-dimensional linkage earthquake explaining method of a complicated geologic structure comprising a reverse fault, which comprises the following steps: establishing a horizon and a fault, and obtaining a horizon point and fault data; carrying out linkage and explanation on the horizon point according to a structure without the reverse fault to obtain horizon point explaining data on section planes; explaining the fault data according to section plane information to obtain fault explaining data on the section planes; carrying out fault combination on each section plane based on the horizon point explaining data and the fault explaining data to obtain fault explaining data in a spatial mesh form; re-explaining the repeated part of the horizon of the structure comprising the reverse fault according to the fault explaining data in the spatial mesh form, so as to obtain the horizon point explaining data comprising the reverse fault on the section planes; subjecting the fault explaining data in the spatial mesh form to interpolation to form a three-dimensional fault plane; and subjecting the horizon point explaining data on the section planes to the interpolation to form a three-dimensional horizon plane according to the three-dimensional fault plane.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seismic interpretation method, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of complete three-dimensional interlock seismic interpretation method of complex geological structure that contains trap-up.
Background technology
The 3-D seismics interpretation technique is on the basis of two-dimension earthquake interpretation technique, to grow up, and explains with two-dimension earthquake and compare that 3-D seismics is explained can be more directly perceived, carries out seismotectonics more exactly and explains.Developed country brings into use the 3-D seismics technology seventies in 20th century.China's 3-D seismics technology developed rapidly in the eighties in 20th century, had formed the technological package system that comprises that field data collection, indoor Data Processing and achievement are explained at present, in oil-gas exploration and development, had brought into play vital role.3-D seismics is the earthquake area method of exploration that seismic grid is arranged to according to certain rules grid-like or ring-type; It can improve the underground common depth point (mid point that refers to shot point and geophone station line greatly; When seismic data is handled; At first be to concentrate in together separating the consistent seismic trace of inclined to one side rear center's point; To the time be converted into the degree of depth; Be called common depth point) quantity, and provide the subsurface geology form more realistically.
Yet, in the 3-D seismics interpretation process, have the interlock problem.That is, when inLine direction (section) is explained, need the decryption of this both direction to link in the data of having explained on the xLine direction (section).Because each seismic trace of 3D seismic data is both on the section of xLine direction, also on the section of inLine direction.But explain that from the explanation of xLine direction or from the inLine direction decryption on same seismic trace should be identical no matter be.
Because different in the viewed Geological Structural Forms of the section of different directions, the explanation results of being carried out also is not quite similar.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 be illustrated in respectively on the inLine direction with the xLine direction on fault tectonic.Can find out that viewed tomography is apparent in view on the inLine direction, and viewed tomography is unconspicuous on the xLine direction.Decryption is reflected as different values on same seismic trace, need merge and merge (that is, interlock) data.
Trap-up is a kind of of seismotectonics interrupting layer, and for last dish rises, the tomography that lower wall descends is relatively mainly formed by horizontal compressive.Trap-up is a kind of typical tectonic structures in China central and west regions.Support the trap-up geologic structure interpretation, can understand the end, ground structure more exactly, in complex area earthquake physical prospecting, have very important significance.
Compare with unfaulted geologic structure interpretation with trap-down, the difficulty of seismic interpretation that contains trap-up is much bigger.On data characteristics, in the tectonic structure of no trap-up, can only there be a unique decryption (that is time or the depth value of layer position on this seismic trace) in each layer position on each seismic trace.But because the existence of trap-up, this rule becomes inaccurate.Fig. 3 illustrates the diagrammatic sketch of same seismic trace in the layer position of trap-up part.As shown in Figure 3, on same seismic trace, partly have two or more decryptions at trap-up with one deck position, this problem of bringing for three-dimensional interlock is to need to confirm which decryption is linked.
Structure elucidation is based on the explanation of section, and the profile information of xLine and inLine says it is the problem of a two-dimensional space in essence.The spatial topotaxy of on two-dimensional space, analyzing and understanding layer position and tomography is to have circumscribedly, that is to say that before explained layer position, the spatial topotaxy of tomography was difficult to definite exactly.So just form an inter lock problem, that is, the identification of tomography topological relation needs first interpretation layer position, but the interlock explanation of layer position needs earlier tomography to be carried out topological relation identification.
Therefore, need a kind of seismic interpretation method that can solve the complete three-dimensional interlock of complex structure that contains trap-up.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of complete three-dimensional interlock seismic interpretation method that contains the complex geological structure of trap-up, can comprise: layer creating position and tomography, and obtain layer site and layer data; Linked in layer site and explain by no trap-up structure, to obtain the layer site decryption on the section; According to profile information layer data is made an explanation, to obtain the fault interpretation data on the section; On each section, carry out fault complex based on layer site decryption and fault interpretation data, to obtain the fault interpretation data of space lattice form; According to the fault interpretation data of space lattice form, the part that the layer position that contains the trap-up structure repeated reinterprets, to obtain the layer site decryption that contains trap-up on the section; With the fault interpretation data interpolating of space lattice form is the three-dimension disclocation face; Is the three-dimension layer plane according to the three-dimension disclocation face with the layer site decryption interpolation on the section.
The step of layer creating position and tomography can comprise: the attribute of layer creating position and tomography.
The attribute of layer position and tomography can comprise title and display parameter.
Display parameter can comprise at least a in display width, color, label font and the label font size.
The step that layer data is made an explanation can comprise: according to profile information with the layer data called after same names in the whole work area.
The step of on each section, carrying out fault complex based on layer site decryption and fault interpretation data can comprise: according to the spatial distribution characteristic of tomography, be same names with the fault interpretation numerical nomenclature that belongs to identical tomography on the space.
Can use in the gram golden interpolation algorithm to carry out a fault interpretation data interpolating and a layer site decryption interpolation.
According to seismic interpretation method of the present invention, can make things convenient for, contain effectively the complete three-dimensional interlock seismic interpretation of the complex geological structure of trap-up.Seismic interpretation method of the present invention can be carried out the 3-D seismics data interpretation to trap-up better, and very broad prospect for its application is arranged in the oil gas producing region (such as the Sichuan Basin, Tarim Basin etc.) that trap-up is grown.
Will be in ensuing description part set forth the present invention other aspect and/or advantage, some will be clearly through describing, and perhaps can pass through enforcement of the present invention and learn.
Description of drawings
Through the detailed description of carrying out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, above and other objects of the present invention and characteristics will become apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic sketch that is illustrated in fault tectonic on the inLine direction;
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic sketch that is illustrated in fault tectonic on the xLine direction;
Fig. 3 illustrates the diagrammatic sketch of same seismic trace in the layer position of trap-up part;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram that the complete three-dimensional interlock seismic interpretation method of the complex geological structure that contains trap-up according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;
Fig. 5 illustrates the diagrammatic sketch that has a plurality of layers of site on the same seismic trace.
Embodiment
Now, describe embodiments of the invention in detail, its example representes that in the accompanying drawings wherein, identical label is represented identical parts all the time.Below through embodiment being described with reference to the drawings to explain the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram that the complete three-dimensional interlock seismic interpretation method of the complex geological structure that contains trap-up according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.
As shown in Figure 1, at operation S401, layer creating position and tomography, and obtain layer site and layer data.Specifically, the attribute of layer creating position and tomography, and obtain layer site and layer data.At this moment, layer site and layer data all do not comprise decryption, and the attribute of layer position and tomography can comprise title and display parameter.Said display parameter can comprise at least a in the display width, color, label font, label font size of layer position and tomography etc.Should understand, layer of the present invention position and tomography are not limited to above-mentioned attribute.
At operation S402, linked in layer site and explain by no trap-up structure, to obtain layer site decryption on the section.Specifically, before the fault complex step is accomplished, can't link accurately and explain a layer site that contains the trap-up structure.So, layer site explained by no trap-up structure and handles that promptly, each layer position has only one to explain point at most here on each seismic trace, only need link and explain existing layer of site.Should understand, above-mentioned section can comprise the section of inLine direction and the section of xLine direction.
The collecting work of seismic data can only carry out on the ground, and the scope of collection is limited, and this scope is the rectangle of rule usually, in order to describe said rectangle, defines the border of rectangle respectively with inline and xline.Describe a three-dimensional point, must use three-dimensional coordinate system, promptly represent the locus of certain point with x, y, three values of z.Inline, xline represent x, y coordinate axis respectively, and inline and xline form the rectangle of a rule.On section, the inline direction is parallel to inline axle (or x axle), and in like manner the xline direction is parallel to the xline axle.
At operation S403, according to profile information layer data is made an explanation, to obtain the fault interpretation data (that is line of rent) on the section.Specifically; Carrying out the initial stage that layer data is explained; Can't accurately confirm the structural feature of tomography; Therefore can make an explanation to layer data according to profile information here; Explanation at this stage layer data is unconfined; Promptly can be wherein with the layer data called after same names in the whole work area, whole work area is meant 3-d seismic data set.Should understand, those skilled in the art can obtain profile information through prior art, repeat no more at this.
At operation S404; After layer site and layer data explanation completion; On each section, carry out fault complex based on layer site decryption and fault interpretation data,, realize the identification of tomography and layer bit space topological relation to obtain the fault interpretation data of space lattice form.Specifically, can be same names with the fault interpretation numerical nomenclature that belongs to identical tomography on the space, thereby obtain the fault interpretation data of space lattice form according to the spatial distribution characteristic of tomography.Should understand, those skilled in the art can obtain the spatial distribution characteristic of tomography through prior art, repeat no more at this.
At operation S405, the part that the layer position that contains the trap-up structure repeated reinterprets, to obtain the layer site decryption that contains trap-up on the section.Specifically, because possibly there are a plurality of layers of site in the existence of trap-up on the same seismic trace.Fig. 5 illustrates the diagrammatic sketch that has a plurality of layers of site on the same seismic trace.As shown in Figure 5, there are three layer sites in two tomography f1 and f2 at space overlap on the seismic trace, and it is on the degree of depth or time orientation, to have at least one or more tomography to cut apart between any two that there are characteristics in these three layer sites.Therefore, can formulate the three-dimensional interlock interpretative rule of trap-up part based on these characteristics, that is, and the layer site that the no tomography that links is cut apart.
At operation S406, be the three-dimension disclocation face with the fault interpretation data interpolating of space lattice form.Before forming the three-dimension disclocation face, the fault interpretation data are decryptions of the section vacuate of three-dimensional, do not explain that the layer data of section forms via the layer data interpolation of having explained, finally form the three-dimension disclocation face.
At operation S407, be the three-dimension layer plane with the layer site decryption interpolation on the section according to the three-dimension disclocation face.In this operation, the formation of layer plane will be considered the processing of trap-up.Before forming the three-dimension layer plane, layer site decryption is the decryption of the section vacuate of three-dimensional, does not explain that the layer site of section forms via a layer site interpolation of having explained, finally forms the three-dimension layer plane.
Should understand, can use in the gram golden interpolation algorithm to operate the interpolation procedure among S406 and the S407, yet the invention is not restricted to this, can also use other geology draw in common space interpolation algorithm, for example inverse distance weighting algorithm etc.
According to seismic interpretation method of the present invention, can make things convenient for, contain effectively the complete three-dimensional interlock seismic interpretation of the complex geological structure of trap-up.Seismic interpretation method of the present invention can be carried out the 3-D seismics data interpretation to trap-up better, and very broad prospect for its application is arranged in the oil gas producing region (such as the Sichuan Basin, Tarim Basin etc.) that trap-up is grown.
Though illustrated and described the present invention with reference to certain exemplary embodiments; But it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention that scope limits claim and equivalent thereof and can make the various changes on form and the details.
Claims (7)
1. the complete three-dimensional interlock seismic interpretation method of a complex geological structure that contains trap-up comprises:
Layer creating position and tomography, and obtain layer site and layer data;
Linked in layer site and explain by no trap-up structure, to obtain the layer site decryption on the section;
According to profile information layer data is made an explanation, to obtain the fault interpretation data on the section;
On each section, carry out fault complex based on layer site decryption and fault interpretation data, to obtain the fault interpretation data of space lattice form;
According to the fault interpretation data of space lattice form, the part that the layer position that contains the trap-up structure repeated reinterprets, to obtain the layer site decryption that contains trap-up on the section;
With the fault interpretation data interpolating of space lattice form is the three-dimension disclocation face;
Is the three-dimension layer plane according to the three-dimension disclocation face with the layer site decryption interpolation on the section.
2. seismic interpretation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the step of layer creating position and tomography comprises: the attribute of layer creating position and tomography.
3. seismic interpretation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the attribute of layer position and tomography comprises title and display parameter.
4. seismic interpretation method as claimed in claim 3, wherein, display parameter comprise at least a in display width, color, label font and the label font size.
5. seismic interpretation method as claimed in claim 1 wherein, comprises the step that layer data makes an explanation according to profile information: with the layer data called after same names in the whole work area.
6. seismic interpretation method as claimed in claim 1; Wherein, The step of on each section, carrying out fault complex based on layer site decryption and fault interpretation data comprises: according to the spatial distribution characteristic of tomography, be same names with the fault interpretation numerical nomenclature that belongs to identical tomography on the space.
7. seismic interpretation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, golden interpolation algorithm is carried out a fault interpretation data interpolating and a layer site decryption interpolation in the use gram.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN103941286A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-23 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Rapid three-dimensional horizon interpretation method based on horizontal navigation |
| CN105242312A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-01-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method used for characterizing small and medium sized extension rift basin growth reverse fault |
| CN106461810A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2017-02-22 | 雪佛龙美国公司 | System and method of building complex earth models |
| CN107991703A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-04 | 北京金双狐油气技术有限公司 | A kind of reversed fault interpretation results storage method |
| CN112505758A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-16 | 中国石油集团工程咨询有限责任公司 | Method for processing seismic fault image of complex geological structure based on fault bifurcation structure model |
| WO2022160538A1 (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-08-04 | 浪达网络科技(浙江)有限公司 | Image processing-based three-dimensional seismic horizon and fault identification system |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103941286A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-23 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Rapid three-dimensional horizon interpretation method based on horizontal navigation |
| CN103941286B (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2016-08-17 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of quick three-dimensional layer position based on horizontal navigation means of interpretation |
| CN106461810A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2017-02-22 | 雪佛龙美国公司 | System and method of building complex earth models |
| CN106461810B (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2019-02-15 | 雪佛龙美国公司 | The system and method for constructing complicated earth model |
| CN105242312A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-01-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method used for characterizing small and medium sized extension rift basin growth reverse fault |
| CN105242312B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2019-10-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A method of portraying middle-size and small-size stretching, extension garden basin growth reversed fault |
| CN107991703A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-04 | 北京金双狐油气技术有限公司 | A kind of reversed fault interpretation results storage method |
| CN112505758A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-16 | 中国石油集团工程咨询有限责任公司 | Method for processing seismic fault image of complex geological structure based on fault bifurcation structure model |
| WO2022160538A1 (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-08-04 | 浪达网络科技(浙江)有限公司 | Image processing-based three-dimensional seismic horizon and fault identification system |
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