CN102353986B - Full three-dimensional linkage earthquake explaining method of complicated geologic structure comprising reverse fault - Google Patents
Full three-dimensional linkage earthquake explaining method of complicated geologic structure comprising reverse fault Download PDFInfo
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- CN102353986B CN102353986B CN 201110145761 CN201110145761A CN102353986B CN 102353986 B CN102353986 B CN 102353986B CN 201110145761 CN201110145761 CN 201110145761 CN 201110145761 A CN201110145761 A CN 201110145761A CN 102353986 B CN102353986 B CN 102353986B
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Abstract
The invention provides a full three-dimensional linkage earthquake explaining method of a complicated geologic structure comprising a reverse fault, which comprises the following steps: establishing a horizon and a fault, and obtaining a horizon point and fault data; carrying out linkage and explanation on the horizon point according to a structure without the reverse fault to obtain horizon point explaining data on section planes; explaining the fault data according to section plane information to obtain fault explaining data on the section planes; carrying out fault combination on each section plane based on the horizon point explaining data and the fault explaining data to obtain fault explaining data in a spatial mesh form; re-explaining the repeated part of the horizon of the structure comprising the reverse fault according to the fault explaining data in the spatial mesh form, so as to obtain the horizon point explaining data comprising the reverse fault on the section planes; subjecting the fault explaining data in the spatial mesh form to interpolation to form a three-dimensional fault plane; and subjecting the horizon point explaining data on the section planes to the interpolation to form a three-dimensional horizon plane according to the three-dimensional fault plane.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seismic interpretation method, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of complete three-dimensional interlock earthquake interpretation procedure of complex geological structure that contains trap-up.
Background technology
The 3-D seismics interpretation technique is to grow up on the basis of two-dimension earthquake interpretation technique, explains with two-dimension earthquake and compare that 3-D seismics is explained can be more directly perceived, carries out seismotectonics more exactly and explains.Developed country brings into use the 3-D seismics technology seventies in 20th century.China's 3-D seismics technology developed rapidly in the eighties in 20th century, had now formed to comprise field data collection, the technological package system that indoor data is handled and achievement is explained, had brought into play vital role in oil-gas exploration and development.3-D seismics is the earthquake area method of exploration that seismic grid is arranged to according to certain rules grid-like or ring-type, it can improve the underground common depth point (mid point that refers to shot point and geophone station line greatly, when seismic data is handled, at first be to concentrate in together separating the consistent seismic trace of inclined to one side rear center's point, to the time be converted into the degree of depth, be called common depth point) quantity, and provide the subsurface geology form more realistically.
Yet, in the 3-D seismics interpretation process, have the interlock problem.That is, when inLine direction (section) is explained, need the decryption of this both direction to link in the data of having explained on the xLine direction (section).Because each seismic trace of 3D seismic data is both on the section of xLine direction, also on the section of inLine direction.But explain that from the explanation of xLine direction or from the inLine direction decryption on same seismic trace should be identical no matter be.
Because different in the viewed Geological Structural Forms of the section of different directions, the explanation results of carrying out also is not quite similar.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 be illustrated in respectively on the inLine direction and the xLine direction on fault tectonic.As can be seen, viewed tomography is apparent in view on the inLine direction, and viewed tomography is unconspicuous on the xLine direction.Decryption is reflected as different values at same seismic trace, need merge and merges (that is, interlock) data.
Trap-up is a kind of of seismotectonics interrupting layer, and for last dish rises, the tomography that lower wall descends is relatively mainly formed by the level extruding.Trap-up is a kind of typical tectonic structures in China central and west regions.Support the trap-up geologic structure interpretation, can understand the end, ground structure more exactly, in complex area earthquake physical prospecting, have very important significance.
Compare with unfaulted geologic structure interpretation with trap-down, the difficulty of seismic interpretation that contains trap-up is much bigger.On data characteristics, in the tectonic structure of no trap-up, can only there be a unique decryption (that is time or the depth value of layer position on this seismic trace) in each layer position on each seismic trace.But because the existence of trap-up, this rule becomes inaccurate.Fig. 3 illustrates same seismic trace at the diagram of the layer position of trap-up part.As shown in Figure 3, partly have two or more decryption at trap-up with one deck position on same seismic trace, this problem of bringing for three-dimensional interlock is to need to determine which decryption is linked.
Structure elucidation is based on the explanation of section, and the profile information of xLine and inLine says it is the problem of a two-dimensional space in essence.Analyze and the spatial topotaxy of understanding layer position and tomography is to have circumscribedly at two-dimensional space, that is to say that before the explanation of layer position, the spatial topotaxy of tomography is difficult to determine exactly.So just form an inter lock problem, that is, the identification of tomography topological relation needs first interpretation layer position, but the interlock explanation of layer position needs earlier tomography to be carried out topological relation identification.
Therefore, need a kind of seismic interpretation method that can solve the complete three-dimensional interlock of complex structure that contains trap-up.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of complete three-dimensional interlock earthquake interpretation procedure that contains the complex geological structure of trap-up, can comprise: layer creating position and tomography, and obtain layer site and layer data; Linked in layer site and explain by no trap-up structure, to obtain the layer site decryption on the section; According to profile information layer data is made an explanation, to obtain the fault interpretation data on the section; Carry out fault complex based on layer site decryption and fault interpretation data at each section, to obtain the fault interpretation data of space lattice form; According to the fault interpretation data of space lattice form, the part that the layer position that contains the trap-up structure repeated reinterprets, to obtain the layer site decryption that contains trap-up on the section; Be the three-dimension disclocation face with the fault interpretation data interpolating of space lattice form; Be the three-dimension layer plane according to the three-dimension disclocation face with the layer site decryption interpolation on the section.
The step of layer creating position and tomography can comprise: the attribute of layer creating position and tomography.
The attribute of layer position and tomography can comprise title and display parameter.
Display parameter can comprise at least a in display width, color, label font and the label font size.
The step that layer data is made an explanation can comprise: according to profile information with the layer data called after same names in the whole work area.
Can comprise in the step that each section carries out fault complex based on layer site decryption and fault interpretation data: according to the spatial distribution characteristic of tomography, be same names with the fault interpretation numerical nomenclature that belongs to identical tomography on the space.
Can use in the gram golden interpolation algorithm to carry out fault interpretation data interpolating and a layer site decryption interpolation.
According to seismic interpretation method of the present invention, can make things convenient for, contain effectively the complete three-dimensional interlock seismic interpretation of the complex geological structure of trap-up.Seismic interpretation method of the present invention can be carried out the 3-D seismics data interpretation to trap-up better, and very broad prospect for its application is arranged in the oil gas producing region (such as the Sichuan Basin, Tarim Basin etc.) that trap-up is grown.
Will be in ensuing description part set forth the present invention other aspect and/or advantage, some will be clearly by describing, and perhaps can learn through enforcement of the present invention.
Description of drawings
By the detailed description of carrying out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, above and other objects of the present invention and characteristics will become apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the diagram that is illustrated in fault tectonic on the inLine direction;
Fig. 2 is the diagram that is illustrated in fault tectonic on the xLine direction;
Fig. 3 illustrates same seismic trace at the diagram of the layer position of trap-up part;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram that the complete three-dimensional interlock earthquake interpretation procedure of the complex geological structure that contains trap-up according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;
Fig. 5 illustrates the diagram that has a plurality of layers of site on the same seismic trace.
Embodiment
Now, describe embodiments of the invention in detail, its example represents that in the accompanying drawings wherein, identical label is represented identical parts all the time.Below by embodiment being described with reference to the drawings to explain the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram that the complete three-dimensional interlock earthquake interpretation procedure of the complex geological structure that contains trap-up according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.
As shown in Figure 1, at operation S401, layer creating position and tomography, and obtain layer site and layer data.Specifically, the attribute of layer creating position and tomography, and obtain layer site and layer data.At this moment, layer site and layer data all do not comprise decryption, and the attribute of layer position and tomography can comprise title and display parameter.Described display parameter can comprise at least a in the display width, color, label font, label font size of layer position and tomography etc.Should understand, layer of the present invention position and tomography are not limited to above-mentioned attribute.
At operation S402, linked in layer site and explain by no trap-up structure, to obtain layer site decryption on the section.Specifically, before the fault complex step is finished, can't link accurately and explain a layer site that contains trap-up structure.So, layer site explained by no trap-up structure and handles that namely, each layer position has only one to explain point at most here on each seismic trace, only need link and explain existing layer of site.Should understand, above-mentioned section can comprise the section of inLine direction and the section of xLine direction.
The collecting work of seismic data can only carry out on the ground, and the scope of collection is limited, and this scope is the rectangle of rule usually, in order to describe described rectangle, defines the border of rectangle respectively with inline and xline.Describe a three-dimensional point, must use three-dimensional coordinate system, namely represent the locus of certain point with x, y, three values of z.Inline, xline represent x, y coordinate axis respectively, and inline and xline form the rectangle of a rule.On section, the inline direction is parallel to inline axle (or x axle), and in like manner the xline direction is parallel to the xline axle.
At operation S403, according to profile information layer data is made an explanation, to obtain the fault interpretation data (that is line of rent) on the section.Specifically, carrying out the initial stage that layer data is explained, can't accurately determine the structural feature of tomography, therefore can make an explanation to layer data according to profile information here, explanation at this stage layer data is unconfined, namely can be with the layer data called after same names in the whole work area wherein, whole work area refers to 3-d seismic data set.Should understand, those skilled in the art can obtain profile information by prior art, do not repeat them here.
At operation S404, layer site and layer data explain finish after, carry out fault complex based on layer site decryption and fault interpretation data at each section, to obtain the fault interpretation data of space lattice form, realize the identification of tomography and layer bit space topological relation.Specifically, can be same names with the fault interpretation numerical nomenclature that belongs to identical tomography on the space, thereby obtain the fault interpretation data of space lattice form according to the spatial distribution characteristic of tomography.Should understand, those skilled in the art can obtain the spatial distribution characteristic of tomography by prior art, do not repeat them here.
At operation S405, the part that the layer position that contains the trap-up structure repeated reinterprets, to obtain the layer site decryption that contains trap-up on the section.Specifically, because may there be a plurality of layers of site in the existence of trap-up on the same seismic trace.Fig. 5 illustrates the diagram that has a plurality of layers of site on the same seismic trace.As shown in Figure 5, there are three layer sites in two tomography f1 and f2 at space overlap on the seismic trace, and it is to have at least one or more tomography to cut apart in the degree of depth or time orientation between any two that there are characteristics in these three layer sites.Therefore, can formulate the three-dimensional interlock interpretative rule of trap-up part based on these characteristics, that is, and the layer site that the no tomography that links is cut apart.
At operation S406, be the three-dimension disclocation face with the fault interpretation data interpolating of space lattice form.Before forming the three-dimension disclocation face, the fault interpretation data are decryptions of the section vacuate of three-dimensional, do not explain that the layer data of section forms via the layer data interpolation of having explained, finally form the three-dimension disclocation face.
At operation S407, be the three-dimension layer plane according to the three-dimension disclocation face with the layer site decryption interpolation on the section.In this operation, the formation of layer plane will be considered the processing of trap-up.Before forming the three-dimension layer plane, layer site decryption is the decryption of the section vacuate of three-dimensional, does not explain that the layer site of section forms via a layer site interpolation of having explained, finally forms the three-dimension layer plane.
Should understand, can use golden interpolation algorithm in the gram to operate interpolation procedure among S406 and the S407, yet the invention is not restricted to this, can also use other geology draw in common space interpolation algorithm, for example inverse distance weighting algorithm etc.
According to seismic interpretation method of the present invention, can make things convenient for, contain effectively the complete three-dimensional interlock seismic interpretation of the complex geological structure of trap-up.Seismic interpretation method of the present invention can be carried out the 3-D seismics data interpretation to trap-up better, and very broad prospect for its application is arranged in the oil gas producing region (such as the Sichuan Basin, Tarim Basin etc.) that trap-up is grown.
Though illustrated and described the present invention with reference to certain exemplary embodiments, but it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the various changes that under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention that scope limits by claim and equivalent thereof, can make on form and the details.
Claims (4)
1. the complete three-dimensional interlock earthquake interpretation procedure of a complex geological structure that contains trap-up comprises:
Layer creating position and tomography, and obtain layer site and layer data;
Linked in layer site and explain by no trap-up structure, to obtain the layer site decryption on the section;
According to profile information layer data is made an explanation, to obtain the fault interpretation data on the section;
Carry out fault complex based on layer site decryption and fault interpretation data at each section, to obtain the fault interpretation data of space lattice form;
According to the fault interpretation data of space lattice form, the part that the layer position that contains the trap-up structure repeated reinterprets, to obtain the layer site decryption that contains trap-up on the section;
Be the three-dimension disclocation face with the fault interpretation data interpolating of space lattice form;
Be the three-dimension layer plane according to the three-dimension disclocation face with the layer site decryption interpolation on the section,
Wherein, the step of layer creating position and tomography comprises: the attribute of layer creating position and tomography,
Wherein, according to profile information the step that layer data makes an explanation is comprised: with the layer data called after same names in the whole work area,
Wherein, comprise in the step that each section carries out fault complex based on layer site decryption and fault interpretation data: according to the spatial distribution characteristic of tomography, be same names with the fault interpretation numerical nomenclature that belongs to identical tomography on the space.
2. seismic interpretation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the attribute of layer position and tomography comprises title and display parameter.
3. seismic interpretation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein, display parameter comprise at least a in display width, color, label font and the label font size.
4. seismic interpretation method as claimed in claim 1 wherein, uses in the gram golden interpolation algorithm to carry out fault interpretation data interpolating and a layer site decryption interpolation.
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| CN103941286B (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2016-08-17 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of quick three-dimensional layer position based on horizontal navigation means of interpretation |
| US9720131B2 (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2017-08-01 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | System and method of building complex earth models |
| CN105242312B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2019-10-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A method of portraying middle-size and small-size stretching, extension garden basin growth reversed fault |
| CN107991703A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-04 | 北京金双狐油气技术有限公司 | A kind of reversed fault interpretation results storage method |
| CN112505758B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-10-26 | 中国石油集团工程咨询有限责任公司 | Method for processing seismic fault image of complex geological structure based on fault bifurcation structure model |
| CN112711079A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-04-27 | 浪达网络科技(浙江)有限公司 | Three-dimensional seismic horizon and fault identification system based on image processing |
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| US7283911B2 (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2007-10-16 | Landmark Graphics Corporation | System and method for interpreting reverse faults and multiple z-valued seismic horizons |
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| CN101013161A (en) * | 2007-01-15 | 2007-08-08 | 中国石油大港油田勘探开发研究院 | Seismic exploration position calibration method based on prestack wave field simulation |
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Application publication date: 20120215 Assignee: Sichuan Ji Saite Science and Technology Ltd. Assignor: China National Petroleum Corporation Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Geophysical Exploration Company Ltd. Contract record no.: 2014510000163 Denomination of invention: Full three-dimensional linkage earthquake explaining method of complicated geologic structure comprising reverse fault Granted publication date: 20130911 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20141016 |
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Effective date of registration: 20180223 Address after: 072751 Zhuozhou, Baoding, Fan Yang Road West, No. 189 Patentee after: Dongfang Geophysical Exploration Co., Ltd., China Petrochemical Corp. Address before: 610213 No. 1, No. 1, No. 1, Huayang Avenue, Huayang Town, Shuangliu County, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee before: China National Petroleum Corporation Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Geophysical Exploration Company Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20200917 Address after: 100007 Beijing, Dongzhimen, North Street, No. 9, No. Patentee after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Patentee after: BGP Inc., China National Petroleum Corp. Address before: 072751 Zhuozhou, Baoding, Fan Yang Road West, No. 189 Patentee before: BGP Inc., China National Petroleum Corp. |
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