CN102353843A - Frequency sweeping test method for measuring power frequency ground resistance of grounding device and test instrument for frequency sweeping test method - Google Patents
Frequency sweeping test method for measuring power frequency ground resistance of grounding device and test instrument for frequency sweeping test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a frequency sweeping test method for measuring the power frequency ground resistance of a grounding device and a test instrument for the frequency sweeping test method, which are used for solving the problems that in the conventional measurement, wires are inconveniently laid, measurement is interfered and the like. The measuring method comprises the following steps of: arranging a voltage electrode, a current electrode and a lead according to a preset ground resistance test way; selecting a frequency with a small interference signal as a test frequency; measuring ground impedance at the selected test frequency; and computing the power frequency ground resistance according to the measured ground impedance. The adopted test instrument comprises a variable-frequency alternating current power supply, a current sensor, a voltage divider, an isolating transformer, a signal acquisition device, an analog/digital (A/D) convertor and a portable personal computer (PC). The frequency sweeping test method for measuring the power frequency ground resistance of the grounding device and the test instrument for the frequency sweeping test method can effectively avoid each interference frequency and acquire a reliable test result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the High-Voltage Technology field, relate in particular to sweep check method and tester thereof that a kind of earthing device power frequency earthing resistance is measured.
Background technology
The power frequency earthing resistance value is the important technology index of transmission transformer station earthed system, and it is validity, the security of confirming earthed system and identifies the important parameter whether earthed system adheres to specification.The measurement of grounded screen power frequency earthing resistance is that grounded screen is checked and accepted and its whether qualified the only resource of in-service inspection, has become an important process that ensures safe operation of power system.At present, relevant technologies rules regulation power frequency earthing resistance needs routine test.
For the routine test of power frequency earthing resistance, because transformer station can not stop transport, the background interference of test is very big, and especially the power frequency out-of-balance current is gone into ground through grounded screen, has a strong impact on the power frequency earthing resistance precision of test result.
In order to reduce the power frequency disturbing effect in the earth resistance, traditional method is to use the big current method of power frequency.This method through apply to grounded screen forward and reverse much larger than the uneven earth current of power frequency power current each once, calculate through normalized form again, eliminate the influence that power frequency is disturbed, obtain the power frequency earthing resistance value.This method of testing is owing to use big electric current to cause a lot of problems: 1, equipment is very heavy; 2, current feed is very thick, and the setting-out work amount is big; 3, dangerous, need to send a large amount of personnel to prevent to take place electric shock accidents along the line; 4, forward and oppositely respectively apply primary current, complex equipments; 5, meter reading saltus step is difficult to read standard.
The another kind of method that reduces the power frequency disturbing effect in the earth resistance is to use alien frequencies method or frequency variation method.This method does not use power current as measuring current, and be to use near the power frequency but the electric current under the frequency different with power frequency as measuring current.The topmost benefit of this method of testing is to have escaped the power frequency interference, and equipment only need be exported less current just can obtain test result more accurately.Because output current is little, equipment is light, current feed is thin, and unwrapping wire is comparatively convenient; Personal security harm to going between along the line is less.
But; Also there are some problems in alien frequencies method or frequency variation method; Especially under the situation that the harassing and wrecking frequency is more and more abundanter, the harassing and wrecking frequency band is more and more wideer of background environment; As exist near high-power novel reactive power compensator, the electric railway etc., not only power frequency is disturbed very by force, and the interference around the power frequency is all very strong.At this moment; If adopt alien frequencies method or frequency variation method, because the fixed-frequency of its output current is constant, though this frequency has escaped the power frequency interference; But just in time dropped under another interfering frequency; And because common alien frequencies method or frequency variation method output current are little, possibly can't eliminate the influence of interference, cause measurement result to exist than mistake.
In a word; Though the big current method test of the alien frequencies method of power frequency earthing resistance test at present or frequency variation method and instrument thereof has the advantage that test is simple, equipment is light, the test job amount is little, safer; But still exist because background interference causes the bigger problem of measuring result error, need further to improve.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind ofly can effectively avoid each interfering frequency, obtains sweep check method and tester thereof that the earthing device power frequency earthing resistance of reliable test result is measured.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the sweep check method that a kind of earthing device power frequency earthing resistance is measured, comprising:
Earth resistance mode by predesignating is arranged voltage pole, the electric current utmost point and lead-in wire;
Choose the little frequency of undesired signal as test frequency;
Measure the impedance ground under the selected test frequency;
Impedance ground by measured is asked for power frequency earthing resistance.
Further, the said little frequency of undesired signal of choosing comprises following substep as test frequency:
The electric current utmost point does not apply under the voltage condition, the background interference time domain plethysmographic signal of test voltage utmost point lead-in wire;
The spectrum distribution of analysis background signal is therefrom chosen the little frequency of undesired signal as test frequency.
Further, the impedance ground under the selected test frequency of said measurement comprises following substep:
Time domain waveform and the electric current utmost point of measuring the lead-in wire of voltage pole under each test frequency relevant voltage respectively time domain waveform of corresponding electric current that goes between;
Amplitude and phase differential through the spectrum analysis acquisition voltage and current consistent with the power supply output frequency;
According to the amplitude and the phase differential of voltage and current, calculate the real part and the imaginary part of impedance ground under the corresponding frequencies.
Further, saidly ask for power frequency earthing resistance, comprise following substep by measured impedance ground:
Impedance ground real part under each measured frequency and imaginary part are carried out interpolation processing;
The result asks for power frequency earthing resistance according to interpolation processing.
Further, said power frequency is 50HZ.
The present invention also provides a kind of tester of implementing the sweep check method of said earthing device power frequency earthing resistance measurement; Comprise variable frequency alternating current power source, the current inductor that is used to measure the decanting point electric current, the voltage divider that is used to measure electric current decanting point voltage that are used to produce the voltage of designated frequency range and be applied to tested grounding body, be used to the variable frequency alternating current power source power supply; With variable frequency alternating current power source and tested grounding body place transformer station carry out electrical isolation isolating transformer, be used to gather the voltage and current time-domain signal signal picker, be used to accomplish A/D converter and the control of conversion AC power output of simulating signal to the digital signal conversion; Receive the voltage and current signal of surveying; Confirm the variable frequency alternating current power source output frequency, calculate impedance ground and export the portable PC of Measurement results.
Further, said portable PC comprises with lower module:
Spectrum analysis module is used to analyze the background voltage that records and the frequency spectrum of current signal;
Least interference frequency analysis and choose module is used for the spectrum analysis result by the background signal that records, and selects the frequency of the minimum predetermined number of undesired signal amplitude;
Variable frequency alternating current power source output frequency and output voltage control module are used for frequency, the voltage of output and the order of output that the control of conversion AC power is exported;
Impedance ground amplitude computing module is used for obtaining the impedance ground amplitude of respectively testing under the frequency divided by current amplitude by the voltage magnitude under each test frequency;
The power frequency earthing resistance computing module is used for asking for power frequency earthing resistance by the impedance ground amplitude under each frequency;
Display module as a result is used to show voltage, electric current, frequency-domain waveform and the impedance ground analysis result of test.
To sum up, the present invention possesses following characteristics and advantage:
1) test result has effectively been avoided the influence of diversity of settings undesired signal, also can obtain measurement result accurately even output current is very little;
2) the required electric current of test is little, and testing apparatus power is little, and volume is little, is easy to carry;
3) test setting-out work amount is little, safe and reliable.
4) method of testing and instrument are controlled completion automatically by portable computer, need not manual intervention, have characteristics simple to operate.
5) through the direct on-the site analysis of portable computer (PC), visual good, can provide power frequency earthing resistance immediately.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the sweep check method embodiment of earthing device power frequency earthing resistance measurement of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the sweep-frequency measuring setup embodiment of earthing device power frequency earthing resistance measurement of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is when the injection current frequency is followed successively by 33Hz, 80Hz and 120Hz voltage in certain large-scale grounding network power frequency earthing resistance test of the present invention, the waveform synoptic diagram of electric current time domain and frequency domain.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further detailed explanation.
Sweep check method embodiment one with reference to earthing device power frequency earthing resistance shown in Figure 1 is measured may further comprise the steps:
In the practical application, the above-mentioned earth resistance mode of predesignating is standard code.
The electric current utmost point does not apply voltage, and the background interference time domain plethysmographic signal of test voltage utmost point lead-in wire carries out spectrum analysis through computer software with these background interference signals, finds out near the minimum some Frequency points of the interference signal intensity of power frequency 50Hz.
Further, said step 102 specifically comprises following substep:
Step 21, the electric current utmost point do not apply under the voltage condition, the background interference time domain plethysmographic signal of test voltage utmost point lead-in wire;
Step 22, the spectrum distribution of analysis background signal is therefrom chosen the little frequency of undesired signal as test frequency.
Because the harassing and wrecking frequency of background environment is more and more abundanter, the harassing and wrecking frequency band is more and more wideer, as exist near high-power novel reactive power compensator, the electric railway etc., not only power frequency is disturbed very by force, and the interference around the power frequency is all very strong.Therefore test frequency can not immobilize, and should dynamically adjust according to actual conditions.In order accurately to obtain the background interference of the concrete environment of test; Select and disturb less test frequency; This test macro does not at first apply under the prerequisite of voltage at the electric current utmost point, the background interference time domain plethysmographic signal of test voltage utmost point lead-in wire, and output to portable computer synchronously; Through the spectrum distribution of computing machine spectrum analysis software analysis background signal, therefrom select the little frequency of undesired signal as test frequency.Because actual needs records power frequency earthing resistance, test frequency is not hoped from power frequency too far away partially, only looks near the little frequency of undesired signal of power frequency 50Hz when therefore selecting test frequency.In order to reduce the accidentalia influence of test result, test frequency is selected a plurality of.In this test macro, select 5 little Frequency points of interference strength in the 30Hz-150Hz scope.The advantage of doing like this with data by MoM and MEI has:
1) test frequency is dynamically adjusted because of the real background disturbed condition, and power frequency all can be avoided with other frequency interferences, and test result is more accurate.
2) because small-signal also can be surveyed standard, and the output power of equipment can reduce, volume reduces, and is convenient to actual measurement and uses.
3) the test frequency selection is a plurality of, has avoided the influence of accidental disturbing factor.
4) can directly be used to test stake resistance (such as 60Hz) under other frequencies.
Let power supply export the voltage under institute's selected frequency successively respectively; The time domain waveform of test voltage utmost point lead-in wire relevant voltage and the time domain waveform of the corresponding electric current of current feed; Adopt computer software respectively these time domain waveforms to be carried out spectrum analysis, find out the amplitude and the phase differential of the voltage and current consistent with the power supply output frequency.Respectively with the voltage that records under each frequency divided by current corresponding, obtain the impedance ground under the corresponding frequencies.
Further, said step 103 specifically comprises following substep:
Step 31, time domain waveform and the electric current utmost point of measuring the lead-in wire of voltage pole under each test frequency relevant voltage respectively time domain waveform of corresponding electric current that goes between;
Step 32 is through the amplitude and the phase differential of the spectrum analysis acquisition voltage and current consistent with the power supply output frequency;
Step 33 according to the amplitude and the phase differential of voltage and current, is calculated the real part and the imaginary part of impedance ground under the corresponding frequencies.
Control by portable computer; Let power supply export the voltage under institute's selected frequency successively respectively, because the instantaneous strength of background interference signal possibly be higher than measured signal, in order to obtain accurate result; Each applies under the frequency to need test; The time domain waveform of voltage pole lead-in wire relevant voltage and the time domain waveform of the corresponding electric current of current feed, and output to portable computer synchronously, carry out spectrum analysis to obtain the amplitude and the phase differential of the voltage and current consistent with the power supply output frequency.Through the amplitude and the phase differential of voltage and current, calculate impedance ground real part and imaginary part under the corresponding frequencies by portable computer.The advantage of doing like this with data by MoM and MEI has:
1) characteristic of the tested frequency signal of acquisition under the very strong situation of background interference.
2), still can obtain the actual frequency that applies through spectrum analysis even the electric power output voltage signal is nonstandard.
3) owing to measure the time domain waveform of voltage, electric current, can obtain impedance ground real part and imaginary part under the corresponding frequencies.
Step 104 is asked for power frequency earthing resistance by measured impedance ground.
Impedance ground under each measured frequency is carried out interpolation processing, obtain the stake resistance under the power frequency 50Hz.
Further, said step 104 specifically comprises following substep:
Step 41 is carried out interpolation processing with impedance ground real part under each measured frequency and imaginary part;
Step 42, the result asks for power frequency earthing resistance according to interpolation processing.
In portable computer, impedance ground real part under each measured frequency and imaginary part are carried out interpolation processing, obtain the stake resistance under the power frequency 50Hz.The advantage of doing like this with data by MoM and MEI has: even selected test frequency and power frequency 50Hz differ greatly, also can guarantee reliability of testing result.
Referring to Fig. 2; The structured flowchart of the sweep-frequency measuring setup embodiment that said earthing device power frequency earthing resistance of the present invention is measured; This tester comprises variable frequency alternating current power source 201, the current inductor 202 that is used to measure the decanting point electric current, the voltage divider 203 that is used to measure electric current decanting point voltage that are used to produce the voltage of designated frequency range and be applied to tested grounding body, is used to the variable frequency alternating current power source power supply; With variable frequency alternating current power source and tested grounding body place transformer station carry out electrical isolation isolating transformer 204, be used to gather the voltage and current time-domain signal signal picker 205, be used to accomplish A/D converter 206 and the control of conversion AC power output of simulating signal to the digital signal conversion; Receive the voltage and current signal of surveying; Confirm the variable frequency alternating current power source output frequency, calculate impedance ground and export the portable PC207 of Measurement results.
Wherein, the frequency range of said variable frequency alternating current power source 201 voltage that produces is 30Hz-150Hz.The SF of said signal picker is more than the 2000Hz.
Further, said portable PC 207 comprises with lower module:
Spectrum analysis module 2071 is used to analyze the background voltage that records and the frequency spectrum of current signal;
Least interference frequency analysis and choose module 2072 is used for the spectrum analysis result by the background signal that records, and selects the frequency of the minimum predetermined number of undesired signal amplitude;
In the practical application, said least interference frequency analysis and choose module 2072 and can in the 30Hz-150Hz scope, select 8 minimum frequencies of undesired signal amplitude usually.
Variable frequency alternating current power source output frequency and output voltage control module 2073 are used for frequency, the voltage of output and the order of output that the control of conversion AC power is exported;
Impedance ground amplitude computing module 2074 is used for obtaining the impedance ground amplitude of respectively testing under the frequency divided by current amplitude by the voltage magnitude under each test frequency;
Power frequency earthing resistance computing module 2075 is used for asking for power frequency earthing resistance by the impedance ground amplitude under each frequency;
Display module 2076 as a result, are used to show voltage, electric current, frequency-domain waveform and the impedance ground analysis result of test.
Be example with certain large-scale grounding network power frequency earthing resistance test below, further specify the sweep check method of earthing device power frequency earthing resistance measurement of the present invention and the validity of tester thereof.Certain large-scale grounding network finds that in earth resistance the transformer neutral point earth current is bigger, has a strong impact on the test effect, uses sweep measurement device of the present invention to measure for this reason.Through the sweep measurement of background, find that the background interference under 33Hz, 80Hz, 99Hz, 120Hz, the 143Hz is less in the 30Hz-150Hz scope, as test frequency, the impedance ground amplitude that records is as shown in the table with these 5 frequencies.Obtaining power frequency earthing resistance through interpolation method also provides in table.Voltage under 33Hz, 80Hz, the 120Hz, the time domain of electric current and frequency-domain waveform are as shown in Figure 3.Can see that from Fig. 3 this large-scale grounding network background power frequency is disturbed very big, even surpass the signal intensity of institute's measured frequency.But, owing to used sweep measurement of the present invention, avoided the power frequency interference effectively, adopt less measuring-signal also can obtain measurement result preferably through spectrum analysis.The stake resistance of each tested frequency is highly stable, can obtain power frequency earthing resistance through interpolation method.
Frequency (Hz) | Impedance ground (Europe) |
33 | 0.2801 |
80 | 0.2829 |
99 | 0.2872 |
120 | 0.2869 |
143 | 0.2903 |
Power frequency | 0.28548 |
Sweep check method that earthing device power frequency earthing resistance of the present invention is measured and tester thereof are widely used in the power frequency earthing resistance of measuring transformer station, generating plant.
Each embodiment among the present invention all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed all is and the difference of other embodiment that identical similar part is mutually referring to getting final product between each embodiment.For system embodiment, because it is similar basically with method embodiment, so description is fairly simple, relevant part gets final product referring to the part explanation of method embodiment.
More than sweep check method and tester thereof that earthing device power frequency earthing resistance provided by the present invention is measured carried out detailed introduction; Used concrete example among this paper principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that on embodiment and range of application, all can change, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the sweep check method that the earthing device power frequency earthing resistance is measured is characterized in that, comprising:
Earth resistance mode by predesignating is arranged voltage pole, the electric current utmost point and lead-in wire;
Choose the little frequency of undesired signal as test frequency;
Measure the impedance ground under the selected test frequency;
Impedance ground by measured is asked for power frequency earthing resistance.
2. method of testing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the said little frequency of undesired signal of choosing comprises following substep as test frequency:
The electric current utmost point does not apply under the voltage condition, the background interference time domain plethysmographic signal of test voltage utmost point lead-in wire;
The spectrum distribution of analysis background signal is therefrom chosen the little frequency of undesired signal as test frequency.
3. method of testing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the impedance ground under the selected test frequency of said measurement comprises following substep:
Time domain waveform and the electric current utmost point of measuring the lead-in wire of voltage pole under each test frequency relevant voltage respectively time domain waveform of corresponding electric current that goes between;
Amplitude and phase differential through the spectrum analysis acquisition voltage and current consistent with the power supply output frequency;
According to the amplitude and the phase differential of voltage and current, calculate the real part and the imaginary part of impedance ground under the corresponding frequencies.
4. method of testing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, saidly asks for power frequency earthing resistance by measured impedance ground, comprises following substep:
Impedance ground real part under each measured frequency and imaginary part are carried out interpolation processing;
The result asks for power frequency earthing resistance according to interpolation processing.
5. method of testing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said power frequency is 50HZ.
6. implement the tester of the sweep check method of the said earthing device power frequency earthing resistance measurement of claim 1; It is characterized in that; Comprise variable frequency alternating current power source, the current inductor that is used to measure the decanting point electric current, the voltage divider that is used to measure electric current decanting point voltage that are used to produce the voltage of designated frequency range and be applied to tested grounding body, be used to the variable frequency alternating current power source power supply; With variable frequency alternating current power source and tested grounding body place transformer station carry out electrical isolation isolating transformer, be used to gather the voltage and current time-domain signal signal picker, be used to accomplish A/D converter and the control of conversion AC power output of simulating signal to the digital signal conversion; Receive the voltage and current signal of surveying; Confirm the variable frequency alternating current power source output frequency, calculate impedance ground and export the portable PC of Measurement results.
7. tester according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said portable PC comprises with lower module:
Spectrum analysis module is used to analyze the background voltage that records and the frequency spectrum of current signal;
Least interference frequency analysis and choose module is used for the spectrum analysis result by the background signal that records, and selects the frequency of the minimum predetermined number of undesired signal amplitude;
Variable frequency alternating current power source output frequency and output voltage control module are used for frequency, the voltage of output and the order of output that the control of conversion AC power is exported;
Impedance ground amplitude computing module is used for obtaining the impedance ground amplitude of respectively testing under the frequency divided by current amplitude by the voltage magnitude under each test frequency;
The power frequency earthing resistance computing module is used for asking for power frequency earthing resistance by the impedance ground amplitude under each frequency;
Display module as a result is used to show voltage, electric current, frequency-domain waveform and the impedance ground analysis result of test.
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