CN102353843B - Frequency sweeping test method for measuring power frequency ground resistance of grounding device and test instrument for frequency sweeping test method - Google Patents
Frequency sweeping test method for measuring power frequency ground resistance of grounding device and test instrument for frequency sweeping test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a frequency sweeping test method for measuring the power frequency ground resistance of a grounding device and a test instrument for the frequency sweeping test method, which are used for solving the problems that in the conventional measurement, wires are inconveniently laid, measurement is interfered and the like. The measuring method comprises the following steps of: arranging a voltage electrode, a current electrode and a lead according to a preset ground resistance test way; selecting a frequency with a small interference signal as a test frequency; measuring ground impedance at the selected test frequency; and computing the power frequency ground resistance according to the measured ground impedance. The adopted test instrument comprises a variable-frequency alternating current power supply, a current sensor, a voltage divider, an isolating transformer, a signal acquisition device, an analog/digital (A/D) convertor and a portable personal computer (PC). The frequency sweeping test method for measuring the power frequency ground resistance of the grounding device and the test instrument for the frequency sweeping test method can effectively avoid each interference frequency and acquire a reliable test result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the High-Voltage Technology field, relate in particular to sweep check method and tester thereof that a kind of earthing device power frequency earthing resistance is measured.
Background technology
The power frequency earthing resistance value is the important technology index of transmission transformer station earthed system, and it is validity, the security of confirming earthed system and identifies whether earthed system meets the important parameter of designing requirement.The measurement of grounded screen power frequency earthing resistance, be that grounded screen is checked and accepted and its whether qualified the only resource of in-service inspection, become an important process that ensures safe operation of power system.At present, relevant technologies rules regulation power frequency earthing resistance needs routine test.
For the routine test of power frequency earthing resistance, because transformer station can not stop transport, the background interference of test is very large, and especially the power frequency out-of-balance current enters ground by grounded screen, has a strong impact on the accuracy of power frequency earthing resistance test result.
In order to reduce the power frequency disturbing effect in earth resistance, traditional method is to use the power frequency heavy-current method.This method by apply to grounded screen forward and reverse power current much larger than the uneven earth current of power frequency each once, then by normalized form, calculates, eliminate the impact of power frequency interference, obtain the power frequency earthing resistance value.This method of testing is owing to using large electric current to cause a lot of problems: 1, equipment is very heavy; 2, current feed is very thick, and the setting-out work amount is large; 3, dangerous, need to send a large amount of personnel to prevent from occurring electric shock accidents along the line; 4, forward and oppositely respectively apply primary current, equipment is complicated; 5, meter reading saltus step, be difficult to read standard.
The another kind of method that reduces the power frequency disturbing effect in earth resistance is to use alien frequencies method or frequency variation method.This method does not use power current as measuring current, but use near power frequency but the electric current under the frequency different from power frequency as measuring current.The topmost benefit of this method of testing is to have escaped the power frequency interference, and equipment only need be exported less electric current just can obtain test result more accurately.Because output current is little, equipment is light, current feed is thin, and unwrapping wire more for convenience; Less to the personal security harm that goes between along the line.
But, also there are some problems in alien frequencies method or frequency variation method, especially in the situation that the harassing and wrecking frequency of background environment is more and more abundanter, the harassing and wrecking frequency band is more and more wider, as exist near high-power New Reactive Power Compensation Device, electric railway etc., not only the power frequency interference is very strong, and the interference around power frequency is all very strong.At this moment, if adopt alien frequencies method or frequency variation method, because the frequency of its output current immobilizes, although this frequency has escaped the power frequency interference, but just in time dropped under another interfering frequency, and, because alien frequencies method or frequency variation method output current are little usually, possibly can't eliminate the impact of interference, cause measurement result to have larger error.
In a word, although the alien frequencies method of power frequency earthing resistance test at present or frequency variation method and instrument thereof have than the electricity current method test advantage that test is simple, equipment is light, the test job amount is little, safer, but still exist because background interference causes the larger problem of measuring result error, require further improvement.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind ofly can effectively avoid each interfering frequency, obtains sweep check method and tester thereof that the earthing device power frequency earthing resistance of reliable test result is measured.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of sweep check method that earthing device power frequency earthing resistance is measured, comprising:
Arrange voltage pole, the electric current utmost point and lead-in wire by the earth resistance mode of predesignating;
Choose the little frequency of undesired signal as test frequency;
Measure the impedance ground under selected test frequency;
Ask for power frequency earthing resistance by measured impedance ground.
Further, the described little frequency of undesired signal of choosing, as test frequency, comprises following substep:
The electric current utmost point is not executed in alive situation, the background interference time domain plethysmographic signal of test voltage utmost point lead-in wire;
The spectrum distribution of analysis background signal, therefrom choose the little frequency of undesired signal as test frequency.
Further, the impedance ground under the selected test frequency of described measurement comprises following substep:
Measure respectively the time domain waveform of voltage pole lead-in wire relevant voltage under each test frequency and the time domain waveform of the corresponding electric current of current electrode lead;
Amplitude and phase differential by the spectrum analysis acquisition voltage and current consistent with the power supply output frequency;
, according to amplitude and the phase differential of voltage and current, calculate real part and the imaginary part of impedance ground under corresponding frequencies.
Further, describedly by measured impedance ground, ask for power frequency earthing resistance, comprise following substep:
Impedance ground real part under each measured frequency and imaginary part are carried out interpolation processing;
Ask for power frequency earthing resistance according to the interpolation processing result.
Further, described power frequency is 50HZ.
the present invention also provides a kind of tester of implementing the sweep check method of described earthing device power frequency earthing resistance measurement, comprise for generation of the voltage of designated frequency range and be applied to the variable frequency alternating current power source of tested grounding body, be used for measuring the current inductor of decanting point electric current, be used for measuring the voltage divider of electric current decanting point voltage, be used to the variable frequency alternating current power source power supply, variable frequency alternating current power source and tested grounding body place transformer station are carried out the isolating transformer of electrical isolation, be used for gathering the signal picker of voltage and current time-domain signal, be used for completing simulating signal to the A/D converter of digital signal conversion and control variable frequency alternating current power source output, receive the voltage and current signal of surveying, determine the variable frequency alternating current power source output frequency, calculate impedance ground and export the portable PC of Measurement results.
Further, described portable PC comprises with lower module:
Spectrum analysis module, be used for to analyze the background voltage that records and the frequency spectrum of current signal;
Least interference frequency analysis and choose module, be used for the result of spectrum analysis by the background signal that records, and selects the frequency of the predetermined number of undesired signal amplitude minimum;
Variable frequency alternating current power source output frequency and output voltage control module, be used for controlling frequency, the voltage of output and the order of output that variable frequency alternating current power source is exported;
Impedance ground amplitude computing module, be used for obtaining the impedance ground amplitude of respectively testing under frequency divided by current amplitude by the voltage magnitude under each test frequency;
The power frequency earthing resistance computing module, be used for asking for power frequency earthing resistance by the impedance ground amplitude under each frequency;
Display module, be used for showing voltage, electric current, frequency-domain waveform and the impedance ground analysis result of testing as a result.
To sum up, the present invention possesses following characteristics and advantage:
1) test result has effectively been avoided the impact of diversity of settings undesired signal, even output current is very little, also can obtain measurement result accurately;
2) the required electric current of test is little, and testing apparatus power is little, and volume is little, is easy to carry;
3) test setting-out work amount is little, safe and reliable.
4) method of testing and instrument are automatically controlled and are completed by portable computer, need not manual intervention, have characteristics simple to operate.
5) by the direct on-the site analysis of portable computer (PC), visual good, can immediately provide power frequency earthing resistance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the sweep check embodiment of the method for earthing device power frequency earthing resistance measurement of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the sweep-frequency measuring setup embodiment of earthing device power frequency earthing resistance measurement of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is when in certain large-scale grounding network power frequency earthing resistance test of the present invention, the Injection Current frequency is followed successively by 33Hz, 80Hz and 120Hz voltage, the waveform schematic diagram of electric current time domain and frequency domain.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Sweep check embodiment of the method one with reference to earthing device power frequency earthing resistance shown in Figure 1 is measured comprises the following steps:
In practical application, the above-mentioned earth resistance mode of predesignating is standard code.
The electric current utmost point does not apply voltage, and the background interference time domain plethysmographic signal of test voltage utmost point lead-in wire, carry out spectrum analysis by computer software with these background interference signals, finds out near some Frequency points of the interference signal intensity minimum of power frequency 50Hz.
Further, described step 102 specifically comprises following substep:
Step 21, the electric current utmost point are not executed in alive situation, the background interference time domain plethysmographic signal of test voltage utmost point lead-in wire;
Step 22, the spectrum distribution of analysis background signal, therefrom choose the little frequency of undesired signal as test frequency.
Because the harassing and wrecking frequency of background environment is more and more abundanter, the harassing and wrecking frequency band is more and more wider, as exist near high-power New Reactive Power Compensation Device, electric railway etc., not only power frequency is disturbed very by force, and the interference around power frequency is all very strong.Therefore test frequency can not immobilize, and should dynamically adjust according to actual conditions.In order accurately to obtain the background interference of test specific environment, select the less test frequency of interference, at first this test macro is not executed under alive prerequisite at the electric current utmost point, the background interference time domain plethysmographic signal of test voltage utmost point lead-in wire, and synchronously output to portable computer,, by the spectrum distribution of computing machine spectrum analysis software analysis background signal, therefrom select the little frequency of undesired signal as test frequency.Because actual needs records power frequency earthing resistance, test frequency is not wished from power frequency partially too far away, only looks near the little frequency of undesired signal of power frequency 50Hz while therefore selecting test frequency.In order to reduce the accidentalia impact of test result, test frequency is selected a plurality of.In this test macro, select 5 little Frequency points of interference strength in the 30Hz-150Hz scope.Doing like this advantage of comparing with additive method has:
1) test frequency is dynamically adjusted because of the real background disturbed condition, and power frequency and other frequency interferences all can be avoided, and test result is more accurate.
2) because small-signal also can be surveyed standard, the output power of equipment can reduce, and volume reduces, and is convenient to the actual measurement application.
3) the test frequency selection is a plurality of, has avoided the impact of accidental disturbing factor.
4) can be directly used in the stake resistance (such as 60Hz) of testing under other frequencies.
Allow respectively power supply export successively voltage under institute's selected frequency, the time domain waveform of test voltage utmost point lead-in wire relevant voltage and the time domain waveform of the corresponding electric current of current feed, adopt computer software respectively these time domain waveforms to be carried out spectrum analysis, find out amplitude and the phase differential of the voltage and current consistent with the power supply output frequency., with the voltage that records under each frequency electric current divided by correspondence, obtain the impedance ground under corresponding frequencies respectively.
Further, described step 103 specifically comprises following substep:
Step 31, measure respectively the time domain waveform of voltage pole lead-in wire relevant voltage under each test frequency and the time domain waveform of the corresponding electric current of current electrode lead;
Step 32, by amplitude and the phase differential of the spectrum analysis acquisition voltage and current consistent with the power supply output frequency;
Step 33,, according to amplitude and the phase differential of voltage and current, calculate real part and the imaginary part of impedance ground under corresponding frequencies.
Controlled by portable computer, allow respectively power supply export successively voltage under institute's selected frequency, because the instantaneous strength of background interference signal may be higher than measured signal, in order to obtain accurate result, each applies under frequency to need test, the time domain waveform of voltage pole lead-in wire relevant voltage and the time domain waveform of the corresponding electric current of current feed, and synchronously output to portable computer, carry out spectrum analysis to obtain amplitude and the phase differential of the voltage and current consistent with the power supply output frequency., by amplitude and the phase differential of voltage and current, by portable computer, calculate impedance ground real part and imaginary part under corresponding frequencies.Doing like this advantage of comparing with additive method has:
1) in the situation that the feature of the tested frequency signal of the very strong acquisition of background interference.
2), even the electric power output voltage signal is nonstandard, still can obtain the actual frequency that applies by spectrum analysis.
3), due to the time domain waveform of measuring voltage, electric current, can obtain impedance ground real part and imaginary part under corresponding frequencies.
Impedance ground under each measured frequency is carried out interpolation processing, obtain the stake resistance under power frequency 50Hz.
Further, described step 104 specifically comprises following substep:
Step 41, carry out interpolation processing with the impedance ground real part under each measured frequency and imaginary part;
Step 42, ask for power frequency earthing resistance according to the interpolation processing result.
In portable computer, the impedance ground real part under each measured frequency and imaginary part are carried out interpolation processing, obtain the stake resistance under power frequency 50Hz.Doing like this advantage of comparing with additive method has:, even selected test frequency and power frequency 50Hz differ greatly, also can guarantee the reliability of test result.
referring to Fig. 2, the structured flowchart of the sweep-frequency measuring setup embodiment that described earthing device power frequency earthing resistance of the present invention is measured, this tester comprises for generation of the voltage of designated frequency range and is applied to the variable frequency alternating current power source 201 of tested grounding body, be used for measuring the current inductor 202 of decanting point electric current, be used for measuring the voltage divider 203 of electric current decanting point voltage, be used to the variable frequency alternating current power source power supply, variable frequency alternating current power source and tested grounding body place transformer station are carried out the isolating transformer 204 of electrical isolation, be used for gathering the signal picker 205 of voltage and current time-domain signal, be used for completing simulating signal to the A/D converter 206 of digital signal conversion and control variable frequency alternating current power source output, receive the voltage and current signal of surveying, determine the variable frequency alternating current power source output frequency, calculate impedance ground and export the portable PC207 of Measurement results.
Wherein, the frequency range of described variable frequency alternating current power source 201 voltage that produces is 30Hz-150Hz.The sample frequency of described signal picker is more than 2000Hz.
Further, described portable PC 207 comprises with lower module:
Spectrum analysis module 2071, be used for to analyze the background voltage that records and the frequency spectrum of current signal;
Least interference frequency analysis and choose module 2072, be used for the result of spectrum analysis by the background signal that records, and selects the frequency of the predetermined number of undesired signal amplitude minimum;
In practical application, described least interference frequency analysis and choose module 2072 and usually can select 8 frequencies of undesired signal amplitude minimum in the 30Hz-150Hz scope.
Variable frequency alternating current power source output frequency and output voltage control module 2073, be used for controlling frequency, the voltage of output and the order of output that variable frequency alternating current power source is exported;
Impedance ground amplitude computing module 2074, be used for obtaining the impedance ground amplitude of respectively testing under frequency divided by current amplitude by the voltage magnitude under each test frequency;
Power frequency earthing resistance computing module 2075, be used for asking for power frequency earthing resistance by the impedance ground amplitude under each frequency;
Display module 2076 as a result, are used for showing voltage, electric current, frequency-domain waveform and the impedance ground analysis result of test.
Below, take certain large-scale grounding network power frequency earthing resistance test as example, further illustrate the sweep check method of earthing device power frequency earthing resistance measurement of the present invention and the validity of tester thereof.Certain large-scale grounding network finds that in earth resistance the transformer neutral point earth current is larger, has a strong impact on the test effect, uses sweep measurement device of the present invention to measure for this reason.Through the sweep measurement of background, find that the background interference under 33Hz, 80Hz, 99Hz, 120Hz, 143Hz is less in the 30Hz-150Hz scope, as test frequency, the impedance ground amplitude that records is as shown in the table with these 5 frequencies.Obtaining power frequency earthing resistance by interpolation method also provides in table.Voltage under 33Hz, 80Hz, 120Hz, the time domain of electric current and frequency-domain waveform are as shown in Figure 3.As can see from Figure 3, this large-scale grounding network background power frequency is disturbed very large, has even surpassed the signal intensity of institute's measured frequency.But,, owing to having used sweep measurement of the present invention, effectively avoided the power frequency interference, adopt less measuring-signal also can obtain preferably measurement result by spectrum analysis.The stake resistance of each tested frequency is highly stable, can obtain power frequency earthing resistance by interpolation method.
| Frequency (Hz) | Impedance ground (Europe) |
| 33 | 0.2801 |
| 80 | 0.2829 |
| 99 | 0.2872 |
| 120 | 0.2869 |
| 143 | 0.2903 |
| Power frequency | 0.28548 |
The sweep check method that earthing device power frequency earthing resistance of the present invention is measured and tester thereof are widely used in the power frequency earthing resistance of measuring transformer station, generating plant.
Each embodiment in the present invention all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is and the difference of other embodiment that between each embodiment, identical similar part is mutually referring to getting final product.For system embodiment, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, relevant part gets final product referring to the part explanation of embodiment of the method.
Above sweep check method and the tester thereof that earthing device power frequency earthing resistance provided by the present invention is measured is described in detail, applied specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously,, for one of ordinary skill in the art,, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the sweep check method that the earthing device power frequency earthing resistance is measured, is characterized in that, comprising:
Arrange voltage pole, the electric current utmost point and lead-in wire by the earth resistance mode of predesignating;
Choose the little frequency of undesired signal as test frequency;
Measure the impedance ground under selected test frequency;
Ask for power frequency earthing resistance by measured impedance ground.
2. method of testing according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described little frequency of undesired signal of choosing, as test frequency, comprises following substep:
The electric current utmost point is not executed in alive situation, the background interference time domain plethysmographic signal of test voltage utmost point lead-in wire;
The spectrum distribution of analysis background signal, therefrom choose the little frequency of undesired signal as test frequency.
3. method of testing according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the impedance ground under the selected test frequency of described measurement comprises following substep:
Measure respectively the time domain waveform of voltage pole lead-in wire relevant voltage under each test frequency and the time domain waveform of the corresponding electric current of current electrode lead;
Amplitude and phase differential by the spectrum analysis acquisition voltage and current consistent with the power supply output frequency;
, according to amplitude and the phase differential of voltage and current, calculate real part and the imaginary part of impedance ground under corresponding frequencies.
4. method of testing according to claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly by measured impedance ground, asks for power frequency earthing resistance, comprises following substep:
Impedance ground real part under each measured frequency and imaginary part are carried out interpolation processing;
Ask for power frequency earthing resistance according to the interpolation processing result.
5. method of testing according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described power frequency is 50HZ.
6. implement the claims the tester of the sweep check method of 1 described earthing device power frequency earthing resistance measurement, it is characterized in that, comprise for generation of the voltage of designated frequency range and be applied to the variable frequency alternating current power source of tested grounding body, be used for measuring the current inductor of decanting point electric current, be used for measuring the voltage divider of electric current decanting point voltage, be used to the variable frequency alternating current power source power supply, variable frequency alternating current power source and tested grounding body place transformer station are carried out the isolating transformer of electrical isolation, be used for gathering the signal picker of voltage and current time-domain signal, be used for completing simulating signal to the A/D converter of digital signal conversion and control variable frequency alternating current power source output, receive the voltage and current signal of surveying, determine the variable frequency alternating current power source output frequency, calculate impedance ground and export the portable PC of Measurement results.
7. tester according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described portable PC comprises with lower module:
Spectrum analysis module, be used for to analyze the background voltage that records and the frequency spectrum of current signal;
Least interference frequency analysis and choose module, be used for the result of spectrum analysis by the background signal that records, and selects the frequency of the predetermined number of undesired signal amplitude minimum;
Variable frequency alternating current power source output frequency and output voltage control module, be used for controlling frequency, the voltage of output and the order of output that variable frequency alternating current power source is exported;
Impedance ground amplitude computing module, be used for obtaining the impedance ground amplitude of respectively testing under frequency divided by current amplitude by the voltage magnitude under each test frequency;
The power frequency earthing resistance computing module, be used for asking for power frequency earthing resistance by the impedance ground amplitude under each frequency;
Display module, be used for showing voltage, electric current, frequency-domain waveform and the impedance ground analysis result of testing as a result.
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